WO2005058480A2 - 微粒子、微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 - Google Patents
微粒子、微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005058480A2 WO2005058480A2 PCT/JP2004/018657 JP2004018657W WO2005058480A2 WO 2005058480 A2 WO2005058480 A2 WO 2005058480A2 JP 2004018657 W JP2004018657 W JP 2004018657W WO 2005058480 A2 WO2005058480 A2 WO 2005058480A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- fine particles
- substance
- treated
- ultrasonic
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/146—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5089—Processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
- B01J19/121—Coherent waves, e.g. laser beams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
- A61J3/07—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of capsules or similar small containers for oral use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/145—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0871—Heating or cooling of the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0881—Two or more materials
- B01J2219/089—Liquid-solid
Definitions
- Fine particles Fine particles, method for manufacturing fine particles, and manufacturing apparatus
- the present invention relates to fine particles of a substance such as an organic compound, a method for producing fine particles, and a production apparatus.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-113159.
- a method of producing fine particles of an organic pigment or a condensed aromatic polycyclic compound by irradiating a laser beam is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Documents 13 to 13 also describe fine particles of organic compounds by laser light irradiation.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2001-113159 A
- Non-patented Ai ffl ⁇ l .Tamaki et al, raiiormg nanoparticles of aromatic and dye molecules by excimer laser irradiation, Applied Surface science Vol. 168, p.85-88 (2000)
- Non-Patent Document 2 Tamaki et al, "Nanoparticle Formation of Vanadyl Phthalocyanine by Laser Ablation of Its Crystalline Powder in a Poor Solvent", J. Phys. Chem. A 2002, 106, p.2135-2139 (2002)
- Non-Patent Document 3 B. Li et al., Enhancement of organic nanoparticle preparation by laser ablation in aqueous solution using surfactants, Applied Surface Science Vol. 210, p.171-176 (2003)
- the fine particles of a substance have a property of aggregating in a solvent such as water. For this reason, when the particles in the solvent in the liquid to be treated are formed into fine particles, there is a problem that the light crushing action by laser light irradiation and the aggregation of the generated fine particles proceed simultaneously in the solvent. Such aggregated fine particles do not redisperse even when irradiated with high-power laser light, and serve as a scatterer for the laser light, causing a reduction in the efficiency of fine particle formation.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing fine particles, a manufacturing apparatus, and fine particles capable of efficiently converting a substance into fine particles. And
- a method for producing fine particles according to the present invention is a method for producing fine particles of a substance by subjecting a substance in a solvent of a liquid to be treated to light crushing. By irradiating the treatment liquid with a laser beam of a predetermined wavelength, the substance in the solvent is made into fine particles, and simultaneously, the treatment liquid is irradiated with ultrasonic waves for preventing aggregation of the fine particles.
- an apparatus for producing fine particles is a production apparatus for producing fine particles of a substance by subjecting a substance in a solvent of a liquid to be treated to light crushing, wherein the processing chamber containing the liquid to be treated is provided.
- a laser light source that irradiates a liquid to be processed contained in the processing chamber with a laser beam of a predetermined wavelength for atomizing a substance in a solvent into fine particles;
- Ultrasonic irradiation means for irradiating ultrasonic waves for preventing aggregation, control means for controlling laser light irradiation on the liquid to be treated by a laser light source, and ultrasonic irradiation by the ultrasonic irradiation means.
- a treatment liquid containing a substance to be micronized is irradiated with laser light for micronization and ultrasonic irradiation for aggregation prevention. Go at the same time.
- This makes it possible to perform the light crushing treatment by laser light irradiation in a state where the progress of the aggregation of the generated fine particles in the solvent is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the efficiency of the fine particle formation due to the aggregated fine particles serving as a scatterer for the laser light, and it is possible to efficiently form the fine particles of the substance.
- the wavelength of the laser light emitted from the laser light source and used for atomizing the substance is determined when the photodegradation (photochemical reaction) of the substance becomes a problem.
- the wavelength is longer than the absorption band caused by the electron transition.
- the irradiation of the liquid to be treated is performed by using the resonance vibration of the processing chamber containing the liquid to be treated.
- the manufacturing apparatus is preferably a chamber capable of irradiating ultrasonic waves to the processing chamber liquid using resonance vibration. Thereby, it is possible to suitably realize the irradiation of the liquid to be treated with ultrasonic waves and the prevention of the aggregation of fine particles.
- the manufacturing apparatus includes vibration amplitude monitoring means for monitoring the vibration amplitude of the processing chamber, and the control means sets the frequency of the ultrasonic wave applied to the liquid to be processed based on the result of monitoring by the vibration amplitude monitoring means.
- the frequency of the ultrasonic wave can be set to a suitable frequency such as the resonance vibration frequency in the processing chamber, and it is possible to reliably prevent the aggregation of the fine particles due to the ultrasonic irradiation.
- the manufacturing apparatus preferably includes cooling means for irradiating a laser beam and irradiating an ultrasonic wave while cooling the liquid to be treated. As a result, the efficiency of micronization by laser light irradiation can be improved.
- a dispersant may be added to the liquid to be treated.
- aggregation of fine particles can be sufficiently prevented even under the condition where a dispersant is added. It is also possible to add no dispersant .
- a surfactant is preferably used as the dispersant.
- the substance to be finely divided may be an organic compound.
- the organic compound include a drug and the like in addition to the organic pigment and the condensed aromatic polycyclic compound.
- a drug it is possible to sufficiently prevent a photochemical reaction or the like of the drug by laser light irradiation, and to produce fine particles of the drug without losing the drug efficacy.
- the surface area of the drug is increased, and drug fine particles having improved absorbability in living tissue can be obtained.
- the fine particles according to the present invention are fine particles produced by the above-described method for producing fine particles. According to such fine particles, it is possible to efficiently obtain fine particles of a substance in a good state.
- the present invention it is possible to efficiently atomize a substance by simultaneously irradiating laser light for atomizing the liquid to be treated and ultrasonic irradiation for preventing aggregation. .
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an embodiment of an apparatus for producing fine particles.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for producing fine particles using the production apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram schematically showing another embodiment of an apparatus for producing fine particles.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a particle size distribution of VOPc fine particles.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of VOPc fine particles in the presence of a surfactant.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of clobetasone butyrate.
- 1A, IB fine particle manufacturing apparatus
- 2 liquid to be processed
- 3 processing chamber
- 4 water (solvent)
- 5 raw material particles
- 10 laser light source
- 11 magnetic stick
- 12 magnetic stirrer
- 13 ... constant temperature device
- 15 ... control device
- 30 ... microphone, 35, 36 ... vibration amplitude measuring device.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing one embodiment of an apparatus for producing fine particles according to the present invention.
- the apparatus 1A for producing fine particles is an apparatus for producing fine particles by photo-crushing a substance in a solvent of a liquid to be treated.
- the liquid 2 to be treated is composed of a liquid-phase water 4 as a solvent and raw material particles 5 of a substance to be micronized contained in the water 4.
- the fine particle producing apparatus 1 A includes a processing chamber 3 for containing the liquid 2 to be processed.
- the processing chamber 3 is made of, for example, quartz. Outside the processing chamber 3, a thermostat 13 is installed.
- the constant temperature device 13 has a function as a cooling means for cooling the liquid 2 to be treated in the processing chamber 3, and also keeps the liquid 2 cooled at a low temperature at a constant temperature. By cooling the liquid to be treated 2 in this way, the efficiency of atomization can be improved.
- the thermostat 13 is schematically shown.
- the present manufacturing apparatus 1 A includes a high-power laser light source 10 that irradiates the liquid 2 to be processed contained in the processing chamber 3 with laser light of a predetermined wavelength.
- the laser light source 10 supplies a laser beam having a wavelength suitable for atomizing the raw material particles 5 of the substance in the water 4 of the liquid 2 to be treated.
- a fixed-wavelength laser light source can be used as the laser light source 10.
- a tunable laser light source may be used as the laser light source 10. In this case, it is possible to appropriately set and irradiate laser light having an appropriate wavelength based on the light absorption characteristics of the substance.
- the laser light source 10 may be provided with light intensity adjusting means such as an attenuation filter or an optical attenuator.
- a magnet stick 11 is housed together with the liquid 2 to be processed.
- the magnetic stick 11 and the magnetic stirrer 12 are placed inside the processing chamber 3.
- the water 4 of the liquid to be treated 2 is stirred with the raw particles 5 to disperse the raw particles 5 in the water 4.
- an ultrasonic vibrator 20 and an ultrasonic vibrator driving device 25 for driving and controlling the ultrasonic vibrator 20 are installed.
- the ultrasonic vibrator 20 is an ultrasonic irradiation unit that irradiates the liquid to be processed 2 in the processing chamber 3 with ultrasonic waves for preventing aggregation of the fine particles.
- the processing chamber 3 is configured to be able to irradiate the processing target liquid 2 with ultrasonic waves to the ultrasonic vibrator 20 using resonance vibration.
- the ultrasonic transducer 20 is disposed on one side surface of the processing chamber 3. Further, a microphone 30 is mounted on a side surface of the processing chamber 3 opposite to the ultrasonic transducer 20.
- the microphone 30 and the vibration amplitude measuring device 35 constitute vibration amplitude monitoring means for monitoring the vibration amplitude of the processing chamber 3 due to the irradiation of ultrasonic waves.
- the laser light source 10 and the vibrator driving device 25 are connected to a control device 15 such as a computer.
- the control device 15 is also connected to the magnet stirrer 12, the thermostat 13, and the vibration amplitude measuring device 35.
- the control device 15 controls the production of the fine particles by controlling the operation of each section of the production apparatus 1A.
- Step S101 water 4 as a solvent and raw material particles 5 of a substance to be atomized are mixed to prepare a liquid 2 to be treated, and the liquid 2 to be treated is introduced into the processing chamber 3 ( Step S101). At this time, the raw material particles 5 are contained in the water 4 in a state of a dissolved substance or a non-dissolved substance.
- the processing chamber 3 and the processing target liquid 2 in the processing chamber 3 are cooled to a predetermined low temperature by the constant temperature device 13 (S102). Then, the magnet stirrer 12 is operated, and the liquid 2 to be treated is stirred by the magnet stick 11 to disperse the raw material particles 5 in the water 4 (S103).
- the frequency of the ultrasonic wave applied to the liquid 2 to be treated is set (S104).
- the ultrasonic vibrator 20 is driven by the vibrator driving device 25 while the cooling by the thermostat 13 and the stirring by the magnet stick 11 are performed as described above, and the ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the processing chamber 3 and the liquid 2 to be processed. Is irradiated. Further, the vibration amplitude of the processing chamber 3 due to the ultrasonic irradiation is monitored by the microphone 30, and an electric signal indicating the monitoring result is output to the control device 15 through the vibration amplitude measurement device 35.
- the control device 15 refers to the information on the frequency of the ultrasonic wave from the vibrator driving device 25 and the information on the monitoring result from the vibration amplitude measuring device 35, and determines the vibration frequency of the irradiating ultrasonic wave, Obtain the relationship with the vibration amplitude (vibration intensity) of the processing chamber 3. Then, based on the relationship between the vibration frequency and the amplitude, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave applied to the liquid 2 to be treated is set.
- the frequency at which the vibration amplitude becomes the maximum becomes the resonance vibration frequency in the processing chamber 3, so that the ultrasonic wave irradiated from the ultrasonic vibrator 20 to the processing chamber 3 Is set to the resonance vibration frequency through the vibrator driving device 25.
- the laser light source 10 is controlled by the control device 15, and the laser light having a wavelength set according to the light absorption characteristics of the material constituting the raw material particles 5 is transmitted from the laser light source 10 to the liquid 2 to be treated. Is irradiated.
- the raw material particles 5 in the water 4 in the liquid to be treated 2 in the processing chamber 3 are turned into fine particles, and fine particles of the substance are produced.
- the ultrasonic oscillator 20 irradiates the processing chamber 3 and the liquid to be processed 2 with ultrasonic waves simultaneously with the irradiation of the laser beam. This ultrasonic irradiation prevents aggregation of the fine particles of the substance generated in the water 4 (S105).
- the progress of the micronization treatment with the liquid to be treated 2 is confirmed (S106). If the progress does not satisfy a certain condition for completing the atomization process, the atomization process is further continued. On the other hand, when it is determined that the progress state satisfies the completion condition of the atomization processing and the substance is atomized in the entire treatment liquid 2, the laser beam irradiation and the ultrasonic irradiation are stopped (S107), and the substance The micronization process ends.
- Such a method and an apparatus for producing fine particles using ultrasonic irradiation are particularly effective when the concentration of the fine particles is increased to efficiently form fine particles of a substance. That is, in order to improve the efficiency of atomization by laser light irradiation, it may be necessary to increase the concentration of the particles generated in the solvent to perform atomization treatment. However, in the presence of highly concentrated fine particles, the conditions are likely to cause aggregation of the fine particles. For this reason, the efficiency of atomization is reduced due to the scattering of laser light by the aggregated particles, or the generated particles are defective with large variations in particle size. On the other hand, by performing ultrasonic irradiation simultaneously with laser light irradiation as described above, it is possible to form fine particles of a substance under favorable conditions even in the presence of such a high concentration of fine particles. .
- good primary fine particles can be efficiently produced without adding a surfactant to the liquid 2 to be treated, or by adding a surfactant at a low concentration.
- a surfactant is added to the liquid 2 to be treated, it is preferable to add the surfactant at a concentration lower than the critical micelle concentration.
- aggregation of the fine particles can be sufficiently prevented even under such a condition in which the surfactant is added at a low concentration or under the condition where no surfactant is added.
- the above method and apparatus can sufficiently prevent aggregation of fine particles even under such conditions, in which a dispersant may be added to the liquid to be treated.
- the surfactant described above is suitably used as the dispersant.
- ultrasonic irradiation is performed by the ultrasonic vibrator 20 using the resonance vibration of the processing chamber 3 containing the liquid 2 to be processed.
- the processing chamber 3 for example, it is preferable to use a chamber having a square pillar, a cylinder, or a spherical shape capable of resonance vibration.
- the resonance vibration is used in this way, the processing chamber 3 needs to have durability against a large resonance vibration. , Such durability can be enhanced.
- the vibration amplitude of the processing chamber 3 is monitored by the microphone 30 and the vibration amplitude measuring apparatus 35, and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is set based on the monitoring result.
- the frequency of the ultrasonic wave can be set to a suitable frequency such as the resonance vibration frequency in the processing chamber 3, and it is possible to reliably prevent the aggregation of the fine particles due to the ultrasonic irradiation.
- Various means other than the microphone 30 may be used as the vibration amplitude monitoring means.
- the aggregation of the fine particles in the solvent that is, the lower the solubility, and the finer the particles, the higher the aggregability.
- the effect of preventing the aggregation by the combined use of ultrasonic irradiation is large.
- the laser beam irradiation and the ultrasonic irradiation are performed while the liquid 2 to be treated is cooled by the constant temperature device 13.
- Such a lowering of the temperature of the solvent is effective in improving the efficiency of fine particle formation by laser light irradiation, and also contributes to a reduction in the cohesive force of the fine particles and the formation of a strong resonance vibration field.
- the wavelength of the laser light emitted from the laser light source 10 to the liquid 2 to be treated is preferably longer than the absorption band caused by the electron transition of the substance to be microparticulated.
- the wavelength is preferably in the infrared region, and more preferably 900 nm or more. Thereby, it is possible to suitably realize the reduction of the quality of the substance into fine particles due to the irradiation of the laser light with reduced quality deterioration. It is preferable to use a laser light source as the laser light source 10.
- pulse it is preferable to use a pulse laser light source having a low repetition frequency and a high repetition frequency.
- the substance of the raw material particles 5 to be atomized by laser light irradiation combined with ultrasonic irradiation may be an organic compound.
- the organic compound include an organic pigment, an aromatic condensed polycyclic compound, a drug (a drug, a drug-related substance), and the like.
- the photochemical reaction of the drug caused by laser light irradiation is sufficiently prevented by efficiently performing micronization. Therefore, the fine particles can be produced without losing the medicinal effect of the drug.
- the generation of the photochemical reaction is further suppressed by suitably selecting the wavelength of the laser beam applied to the liquid 2 to be treated (for example, selecting the wavelength of 900 nm or more as described above). Is possible.
- an organic compound used as a drug often contains a relatively weak chemical bond in the molecular structure.
- the fine particles are partially
- a photochemical reaction of the organic compound may partially occur through the electronically excited state to generate impurities.
- impurities in the case of drugs (pharmaceuticals) to which organic compounds are administered into the body, such impurities must be avoided as much as possible because such impurities may cause side effects and adversely affect the living body. No.
- by producing fine particles of an organic compound by the above-mentioned production method capable of suppressing the occurrence of a photochemical reaction it is possible to sufficiently suppress the generation of impurities.
- Such a micronization treatment is also effective for organic compounds other than drugs.
- the organic compound to be micronized include, for example, a poorly soluble drug such as clobetasone butyrate / carbamazepine, which is a drug.
- the above-described method and apparatus for producing fine particles can be applied to drug candidate substances (natural products, compound libraries, etc.), quasi-drugs, cosmetics, and the like, in addition to the drug substances.
- a solvent for an organic compound such as a drug a small amount of alcohols, sugars, and salts which preferably use water as described above may be contained.
- a solvent other than water may be used.
- examples of such solvents include monohydric alcohol ethyl alcohol, dihydric alcohol glycols (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, etc.), and trihydric alcohol glycerol.
- Vegetable oils such as soybean oil, corn oil, sesame oil and laccase oil can also be used as solvents. When these solvents are used as injections, they can be suitably used as organic solvents for non-aqueous injections.
- the micronization treatment can be performed without adding a surfactant or under the condition of adding a surfactant at a low concentration. This is of great benefit in applications to pharmaceuticals where the types and concentrations of excipients are severely restricted.
- the stop of the laser beam irradiation and the ultrasonic irradiation on the liquid 2 to be treated during the manufacturing of the fine particles is necessary for the fine particle forming process. It is possible to determine the intensity and time of the laser beam and control the laser beam irradiation based on the processing time. Alternatively, monitoring means for monitoring the state of fine particles of the raw material particles 5 in the liquid to be treated 2 may be provided, and control may be performed according to the monitoring result.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram schematically showing another embodiment of an apparatus for producing fine particles according to the present invention.
- a processing chamber 3 containing a liquid to be treated 2 composed of water 4 and material particles 5 of a substance, a laser light source 10, a magnet stick 11, a magnet stirrer 12, a constant temperature device 13, and a control device 15
- the configuration is the same as that of the manufacturing apparatus 1A shown in FIG.
- the ultrasonic vibrator 21 as the ultrasonic irradiation means is provided with a processing chamber. It is arranged on the bottom side of the bus 3. Further, an ultrasonic vibrator driving device 26 for driving and controlling the ultrasonic vibrator 21 is provided for the ultrasonic vibrator 21. Further, the signal from the vibrator driving device 26 is also input to the vibration amplitude measuring device 36. The vibration amplitude measuring device 36 measures the vibration amplitude of the processing chamber 3 based on a signal from the vibrator driving device 26.
- the ultrasonic vibrator 21, the vibrator driving device 26, and the vibration amplitude measuring device 36 constitute vibration amplitude monitoring means for monitoring the vibration amplitude of the processing chamber 3 due to the ultrasonic irradiation. Let's do it.
- VOPc oxovanadium phthalocyanine
- a quartz square cell with a size of 10 mm x 10 mm x 40 mm was used, and a piezoelectric vibrator with a diameter of 16 mm and a thickness of 3 mm was mounted on the bottom surface as an ultrasonic vibrator 21 (see Fig. 3).
- the “ultrasonic processing” refers to a process in which the ultrasonic vibrator is operated at 30 kHz outside the resonance vibration frequency and the processing is performed for 30 minutes.
- the “ultrasonic resonance process” is a process in which an ultrasonic vibrator is operated at a resonance vibration frequency of 51 kHz and the process is performed for 30 minutes.
- a surfactant (Nonidet P-40: trade name: Igapal CA_630, molecular weight: 602, critical micelle concentration: 0.29 mM) was used as a pretreatment for obtaining a particle size distribution using a particle size distribution measuring apparatus. Add 100 ⁇ L to the liquid to be treated, and measure the particle size distribution under the conditions where reaggregation of particles is suppressed. The water temperature at the time of measurement is 25 ° C at normal temperature.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of the VOPc fine particles subjected to each of the above processes.
- the horizontal axis represents the particle diameter ( ⁇ m) of VOPc
- the vertical axis represents the relative particle amount in terms of volume.
- Graphs A1 to A6 respectively correspond to processes (1) and (6).
- VOPc which is a pigment
- the conditions were such that a surfactant (P-40 described above) was added at a concentration of 0. ImM and the cohesiveness of the fine particles was slightly suppressed. Further, when a surfactant is added in this way, due to its low cohesiveness, it is possible to sufficiently re-disperse the coagulated fine particles even by ultrasonic irradiation other than resonance vibration.
- the ultrasonic resonance treatment was not performed, and (1) the raw material particles themselves, (2) only the ultrasonic treatment, (3) only the light crushing treatment, and (4) ) Ultrasonic treatment and light crushing were performed simultaneously, and (5) light crushing was performed by adding a high-concentration surfactant (10 mM) (Comparative Example).
- the conditions of the ultrasonic treatment and the light crushing treatment are the same as in Example 1.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of the VOPc fine particles subjected to each of the above processes.
- the horizontal axis represents the particle diameter ( ⁇ m) of VOPc
- the vertical axis represents the relative particle amount in terms of volume.
- Graphs B1 to B5 correspond to processes (1) and (5), respectively.
- clobetasone butyrate As the substance of the raw material particles 5 to be micronized, micronization of the hardly soluble drug clobetasone butyrate (Clobetasone Butyrate, topical synthetic corticosteroid hormone J) was attempted. .
- clobetasone butyrate was suspended at a concentration of 0.5 mg Zml in 3 ml of water, and a surfactant (Tween 80, molecular weight 1310, critical micelle concentration 0.012 mM) was added at a concentration of 0.0054 mM to prepare a sample.
- a surfactant Teween 80, molecular weight 1310, critical micelle concentration 0.012 mM
- the "ultrasonic resonance process” is a process in which the ultrasonic vibrator is operated at a resonance vibration frequency of 51 kHz and the process is performed for 30 minutes.
- the laser irradiation conditions in the photodisruption treatment were as follows: wavelength 1064 nm, light intensity per pulse of pulsed laser light 2667 mj / cm 2 , laser spot diameter ⁇ 3 mm (irradiation area 0.07 cm 2 ), The return frequency is 10 Hz, the pulse width is FWHM 4 ns, and the irradiation time is 30 minutes.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of clobetasone butyrate subjected to each of the above treatments.
- the horizontal axis represents the particle size ( ⁇ ) of clobetasone butyrate
- the vertical axis represents the relative particle amount by volume conversion.
- Graphs C1 and C5 correspond to processes (1) and (5), respectively.
- the graph C2 subjected to the ultrasonic resonance treatment shows a small amount of fine particles. Comparing the graph C3, which only performed the light crushing treatment by laser beam irradiation, with the graph C4, which performed the light crushing treatment after the ultrasonic resonance treatment, it can be seen that the ultrasonic resonance treatment and the light crushing treatment are simply performed sequentially. This does not significantly change the particle size distribution obtained.
- the method for producing fine particles, the manufacturing apparatus, and the fine particles according to the present invention can be variously modified without being limited to the above-described embodiments and examples.
- the material of the processing chamber 3 used in the manufacturing apparatus is not limited to quartz, and various materials may be used in consideration of the transmission characteristics of laser light, the resonance characteristics of ultrasonic waves, and the like.
- the ultrasonic irradiation means and the vibration amplitude monitoring means for the liquid to be treated 2 may employ other configurations than those described above. Also, the vibration amplitude monitoring means may be omitted if unnecessary.
- the frequency of the ultrasonic wave applied to the liquid to be treated 2 may be set to a frequency outside the resonance vibration frequency.
- the present invention can be used as a method for producing fine particles, a manufacturing apparatus, and fine particles capable of efficiently converting a substance into fine particles.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/582,786 US7597277B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-14 | Microparticles, microparticle production method, and microparticle production apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003421509A JP4482322B2 (ja) | 2003-12-18 | 2003-12-18 | 微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 |
JP2003-421509 | 2003-12-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005058480A2 true WO2005058480A2 (ja) | 2005-06-30 |
WO2005058480A3 WO2005058480A3 (ja) | 2005-09-01 |
Family
ID=34697283
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/018657 WO2005058480A2 (ja) | 2003-12-18 | 2004-12-14 | 微粒子、微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7597277B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4482322B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005058480A2 (ja) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008061773A1 (de) * | 2006-11-26 | 2008-05-29 | Karl Reinhard Zeiss | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von nano-partikeln |
WO2008061772A1 (de) * | 2006-11-26 | 2008-05-29 | Karl Reinhard Zeiss | Verfahren zur herstellung von nano-partikeln |
US7597277B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2009-10-06 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Microparticles, microparticle production method, and microparticle production apparatus |
US7838843B2 (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2010-11-23 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Carbon nano tube processing method, processing apparatus, and carbon nano tube dispersion liquid, carbon nano tube powder |
US20110059183A1 (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2011-03-10 | Ebara Corporation | Water-insoluble medicine |
US7938344B2 (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2011-05-10 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Microparticles, microparticle production method, and microparticle production apparatus |
WO2013033973A1 (zh) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-14 | Huang Lynn L H | 超声波震荡机 |
US8663702B2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2014-03-04 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Microparticles, microparticle dispersion and method and apparatus for producing the same |
Families Citing this family (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4293586B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-30 | 2009-07-08 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | ナノ粒子の製造方法及び製造装置 |
EP2557785A1 (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2013-02-13 | Sony Corporation | Delay controlled decoding method and apparatus |
US7703698B2 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2010-04-27 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid treatment chamber and continuous flow mixing system |
US7810743B2 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2010-10-12 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid delivery device |
JP4892722B2 (ja) * | 2006-01-26 | 2012-03-07 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | コーティング装置とその処理方法 |
JP2007301534A (ja) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-22 | Ebara Corp | 微細化装置 |
JP2007306950A (ja) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-29 | Osaka Univ | 薬効成分ナノ粒子分散液の製造方法 |
US8034286B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2011-10-11 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment system for separating compounds from aqueous effluent |
US9283188B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2016-03-15 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Delivery systems for delivering functional compounds to substrates and processes of using the same |
US7712353B2 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2010-05-11 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid treatment system |
US7673516B2 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2010-03-09 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic liquid treatment system |
US7947184B2 (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2011-05-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Treatment chamber for separating compounds from aqueous effluent |
US7998322B2 (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2011-08-16 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber having electrode properties |
US7785674B2 (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2010-08-31 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Delivery systems for delivering functional compounds to substrates and processes of using the same |
US8445019B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2013-05-21 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Microparticle dispersion liquid manufacturing method and microparticle dispersion liquid manufacturing apparatus |
JP4933999B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-01 | 2012-05-16 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 微粒子分散液製造方法および微粒子分散液製造装置 |
JP5236235B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2013-07-17 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 微粒子分散液製造方法および微粒子分散液製造装置 |
JP5149585B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-02 | 2013-02-20 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 微粒子分散液製造方法 |
JP5161528B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-02 | 2013-03-13 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | パクリタキセル微粒子、パクリタキセル微粒子分散液、および、これらの製造方法 |
US20090087460A1 (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2009-04-02 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Solid composition, microparticles, microparticle dispersion liquid, and manufacturing methods for these |
US8858892B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2014-10-14 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Liquid treatment system |
US8454889B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2013-06-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Gas treatment system |
US8632613B2 (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2014-01-21 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Process for applying one or more treatment agents to a textile web |
US8215822B2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2012-07-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for preparing antimicrobial formulations |
US8057573B2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2011-11-15 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for increasing the shelf life of formulations |
US9421504B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2016-08-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for preparing emulsions |
US20090166177A1 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for preparing emulsions |
US8206024B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2012-06-26 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultrasonic treatment chamber for particle dispersion into formulations |
US8309343B2 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2012-11-13 | Baxter International Inc. | Apparatus and method for processing biological material |
US8685178B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2014-04-01 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Methods of preparing metal-modified silica nanoparticles |
US8163388B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2012-04-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Compositions comprising metal-modified silica nanoparticles |
US20110033545A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-10 | Absize, Inc. | Topical pharmaceutical preparations having both a nanoparticle solution and a nanoparticle suspension and methods for the treatment of acute and chronic pain therewith |
CN102791368B (zh) * | 2010-03-11 | 2015-11-25 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 微粒子分散液制造方法和微粒子分散液制造装置 |
CN102350288B (zh) * | 2011-08-22 | 2013-12-18 | 浙江工业大学 | 超声-水热耦合制备纳米材料的装置 |
WO2013132703A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-12 | 株式会社セラフト | ナノ粒子分散液、ナノ粒子担持粉末、及びそれらの製造方法 |
CN107249751A (zh) * | 2015-02-24 | 2017-10-13 | 李奎塔布系统有限公司 | 改进的固体分解设备及方法 |
EP3184624A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-28 | Diagenode S.A. | Frequency optimized devices and methods for microfluidic sonication |
JP6971043B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-04 | 2021-11-24 | 株式会社リコー | 微粒子の製造方法 |
CN113893937B (zh) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-11-01 | 珠海艾博罗生物技术股份有限公司 | 基于环形齿聚焦槽的高通量非接触式超声破碎装置及方法 |
CN115259279A (zh) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-01 | 江阴道盛环保科技有限公司 | 污水焦油去除方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001113159A (ja) * | 1999-10-14 | 2001-04-24 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 有機化合物の微粒子の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0341791Y2 (ja) * | 1985-08-29 | 1991-09-02 | ||
JP3396319B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-28 | 2003-04-14 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 液体処理方法および液体処理装置 |
JPH11269432A (ja) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-10-05 | Central Glass Co Ltd | 微粒子分散塗布液 |
US6431476B1 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2002-08-13 | Cepheid | Apparatus and method for rapid ultrasonic disruption of cells or viruses |
JP4293586B2 (ja) | 2002-08-30 | 2009-07-08 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | ナノ粒子の製造方法及び製造装置 |
WO2004080586A1 (ja) | 2003-03-07 | 2004-09-23 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | 微粒子、その製造方法及び製造装置、並びに注射剤及びその製造方法 |
CN100423847C (zh) | 2003-11-20 | 2008-10-08 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 微粒、微粒的制造方法及制造装置 |
JP4482322B2 (ja) | 2003-12-18 | 2010-06-16 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 |
JP4398280B2 (ja) | 2004-02-26 | 2010-01-13 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 微粒子の製造方法 |
JP4593144B2 (ja) | 2004-03-26 | 2010-12-08 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 微粒子化条件の決定方法、決定装置、及び微粒子の製造方法、製造装置 |
-
2003
- 2003-12-18 JP JP2003421509A patent/JP4482322B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-12-14 US US10/582,786 patent/US7597277B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-14 WO PCT/JP2004/018657 patent/WO2005058480A2/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001113159A (ja) * | 1999-10-14 | 2001-04-24 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | 有機化合物の微粒子の製造方法 |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7938344B2 (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2011-05-10 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Microparticles, microparticle production method, and microparticle production apparatus |
US7597277B2 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2009-10-06 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Microparticles, microparticle production method, and microparticle production apparatus |
US7838843B2 (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2010-11-23 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Carbon nano tube processing method, processing apparatus, and carbon nano tube dispersion liquid, carbon nano tube powder |
US8663702B2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2014-03-04 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Microparticles, microparticle dispersion and method and apparatus for producing the same |
US20110059183A1 (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2011-03-10 | Ebara Corporation | Water-insoluble medicine |
US8399024B2 (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2013-03-19 | Ebara Corporation | Water-insoluble medicine |
WO2008061773A1 (de) * | 2006-11-26 | 2008-05-29 | Karl Reinhard Zeiss | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von nano-partikeln |
WO2008061772A1 (de) * | 2006-11-26 | 2008-05-29 | Karl Reinhard Zeiss | Verfahren zur herstellung von nano-partikeln |
WO2013033973A1 (zh) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-14 | Huang Lynn L H | 超声波震荡机 |
CN103764275A (zh) * | 2011-09-06 | 2014-04-30 | 黄玲惠 | 超声波震荡机 |
CN103764275B (zh) * | 2011-09-06 | 2015-05-20 | 黄玲惠 | 超声波震荡机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070114306A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
JP2005177596A (ja) | 2005-07-07 |
US7597277B2 (en) | 2009-10-06 |
JP4482322B2 (ja) | 2010-06-16 |
WO2005058480A3 (ja) | 2005-09-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2005058480A2 (ja) | 微粒子、微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 | |
JP4142675B2 (ja) | フラーレン分散液の製造方法 | |
JP4545690B2 (ja) | 微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 | |
JP4643155B2 (ja) | 薬効成分の超微粒子の製造方法 | |
KR20140145116A (ko) | 나노입자 분산액, 나노입자 담지분말 및 그 제조방법 | |
JP2007045674A5 (ja) | フラーレン分散液の製造方法 | |
Cavicchi et al. | Single laser pulse effects on suspended-Au-nanoparticle size distributions and morphology | |
Baggio et al. | Quenching effects of graphene oxides on the fluorescence emission and reactive oxygen species generation of chloroaluminum phthalocyanine | |
WO2005082521A1 (ja) | 微粒子、微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 | |
WO2005092489A1 (ja) | 微粒子化条件の決定方法、決定装置、及び微粒子の製造方法、製造装置 | |
JP4344153B2 (ja) | 微粒子の製造方法及び製造装置、並びに注射剤の製造方法 | |
EP1602404B1 (en) | Medicament in fine particle form, method and device for preparation thereof, and agent for parenteral injection and method for production thereof | |
Sugiyama et al. | Nanosecond laser preparation of C60 aqueous nanocolloids | |
JP4543202B2 (ja) | 複数超音波照射によるリポソーム製造装置及び製造方法 | |
JP4717376B2 (ja) | 微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 | |
JP4408245B2 (ja) | 微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 | |
JP4398182B2 (ja) | 微粒子の製造方法、並びに注射剤の製造方法 | |
JP4287727B2 (ja) | 微粒子の製造方法、及び製造装置 | |
Kabashin et al. | Si nanoparticles as sensitizers for radio frequency-induced cancer hyperthermia | |
JP4370176B2 (ja) | 微粒子の再分散方法、及び再分散装置 | |
Caponio et al. | Cyrene-and water-based exfoliation of black phosphorus for potential nanolayer-mediated disaggregation of insulin fibrils | |
Fragoso-Medina et al. | Sonochemical synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials | |
Kakumanu et al. | NANO-SUSPENSION |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007114306 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10582786 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12007500767 Country of ref document: PH |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10582786 Country of ref document: US |