WO2005099564A1 - An apparatus of and method for measuring the parameter of the blood oxygen metabolism in human tissue - Google Patents

An apparatus of and method for measuring the parameter of the blood oxygen metabolism in human tissue Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005099564A1
WO2005099564A1 PCT/CN2004/001301 CN2004001301W WO2005099564A1 WO 2005099564 A1 WO2005099564 A1 WO 2005099564A1 CN 2004001301 W CN2004001301 W CN 2004001301W WO 2005099564 A1 WO2005099564 A1 WO 2005099564A1
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Prior art keywords
light
tissue
light sources
human body
emitted
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PCT/CN2004/001301
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Haishu Ding
Guangzhi Wang
Lan Huang
Yichao Teng
Jun Zhao
Yue Li
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Tsinghua University
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Priority claimed from CN 200310113534 external-priority patent/CN1223843C/en
Priority claimed from CN 200310115396 external-priority patent/CN1223858C/en
Application filed by Tsinghua University filed Critical Tsinghua University
Publication of WO2005099564A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005099564A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0233—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00
    • A61B2562/0242—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00 for varying or adjusting the optical path length in the tissue
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N2021/178—Methods for obtaining spatial resolution of the property being measured
    • G01N2021/1782—In-depth resolution
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
    • G01N2021/3144—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths for oxymetry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/314—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
    • G01N2021/3148—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths using three or more wavelengths

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and system for non-destructive detection of blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human tissue, and more particularly, to a method and device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human tissue using multiple light sources and a single detector. Background technique
  • methods for determining the blood oxygen metabolism status of a local tissue of a human body mainly include a direct detection method of invasive tissue oxygen partial pressure based on an electrochemical principle and a non-destructive detection method based on optical detection.
  • the optical detection method can complete non-invasive monitoring, which is convenient, safe, stable and reliable.
  • the invention belongs to one of the optical detection methods.
  • Cispray No. CN1365649A discloses a detection method based on the classic Lambert-Beer law. This classic law is valid for non-scattering situations. However, in the case of the human body and other biological tissues with strong scattering optical characteristics, this classical law must be modified before it can be used. In principle, applying the classic Lambert-Beer law directly under strong scattering cannot get any correct results.
  • U.S. Patent Publication No. US005632273A discloses a detection method based on a semi-infinite homogeneous medium, and a steady-state spatially-resolved calculation algorithm used for detecting the deep-tissue blood oxygen saturation when having an outer-layer tissue is affected.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters commonly used in the prior art.
  • a indicates a light source
  • b indicates a detector
  • c indicates a probe
  • d indicates a detector
  • e indicates a deep tissue to be measured
  • f indicates an outer tissue.
  • Common detection devices use one light source and multiple detectors (for example, two) to detect blood tissue metabolic parameters of human tissues. Because it uses a single light source, its accuracy is poor. Summary of the invention
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human tissues by using multiple light sources and a single detector.
  • this device the blood oxygen saturation of local tissues, the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in local tissues can be detected And as a parameter that can assess the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue oxy.
  • a method for detecting blood oxygen saturation in a local tissue of a human body includes the following steps: sequentially emitting at least three light sources at different positions on a local tissue of a human body: A photodetector on the tissue, respectively detecting the light intensity values of the light emitted from the at least three light sources after being diffused by the local tissue of the human body; and processing the light intensity values to obtain blood oxygen of the local tissue of the human body saturation.
  • the at least three light sources are on the same line as the photodetector, and the photodetectors are located on the same line of the at least three light sources.
  • the at least three light sources emit red light and near-infrared light, respectively.
  • the at least three light sources sequentially emit light sequentially within a time interval of less than 0.5 ms.
  • the light source is a light emitting diode.
  • the light intensity value is calculated using the following formula :
  • I k is the intensity value of light emitted by different light sources.
  • the light source is three light sources, and each light source emits light of two different wavelengths respectively, and further includes the step of subtracting the optical density values detected with respect to different light sources in the same detection period:
  • j 1 and 2 respectively represent subscripts of different wavelengths, that is, ⁇ 2 respectively represent different wavelengths:
  • AOD ⁇ represents the difference between the density value of light having a wavelength ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the second light source and the density value of light having a wavelength ⁇ ′′ emitted by the first light source;
  • AOD ⁇ represents the difference between the density value of light having a wavelength of and emitted by the third light source and the density value of light having a wavelength of ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the second light source;
  • A, Bi, B 2 and C are undetermined constants, and their values are C: 0.16-0.25; ⁇ ,: -1.66-2.5; ⁇ 2 : -0.13-0.25; ⁇ : 1 ⁇ 8 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 7.
  • the center distance between adjacent light sources is set between 5mm-10mm, and the center distance between the photodetector and each light source is set between 30-50 Between.
  • the center distance between the photodetector and the light source is set to at least 50iran, otherwise at least 40mm.
  • a method for detecting oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in a local tissue of a human body includes the following steps: when the human body to be measured does not absorb oxygen and is in a quiet state, Method to detect blood oxygen saturation rS0 2 (t Q ) in a local tissue of a human body ; after a period of oxygen inhalation by the human body to be measured, use the method of claim 1 to detect blood oxygen saturation rSO 2 (t0; The human body stops oxygen supply after a period of oxygen inhalation, and after a period of time, uses the method of claim 1 to detect the blood oxygen saturation of the local tissue of the human body; and processes the results obtained in the above steps to obtain the oxygenated hemoglobin and Reduced hemoglobin concentration.
  • the following formula is used to calculate the optical density value OD k: 3.... means multiple different light sources;
  • I kr is the light intensity value of the diffused light detected by the photodetector after the light emitted by the light sources at different positions is diffused by the local human tissue.
  • I k is a light intensity value of the emitted light emitted by multiple light sources
  • the light source in detecting the blood oxygen saturation of the local tissue of the human body, is three light sources, and each light source emits light of two different wavelengths respectively, and further includes steps:
  • j 1, 2 respectively represent subscripts of different wavelengths, that is, person 2 represents different wavelengths:
  • a and B ⁇ PC are undetermined constants, and their values are C: 0.16-0.25; B -1.66-2.5; B 2 : -0.13-0.25; A: 1.8 ⁇ 2.7.
  • the method further includes the following steps:
  • OD ⁇ and OD ⁇ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is;
  • ⁇ Hb0 2 ⁇ , ⁇ 1 -a 2 AODj 2
  • ABV AHb02 + AHb
  • on-o ⁇ is the undetermined constant and is related to the wavelength
  • the wavelength is below: ai is -1.6 ⁇ -2.5, a 3 is 2.6 ⁇ 3.85
  • ⁇ 2 is -2.5 ⁇ -3.6, ⁇ 4 is 0.6 ⁇ 1.6;
  • the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin Hb0 2 (t Q ) and reduced hemoglobin Hb (t Q ) in local tissues of the human body is obtained using the following formula : rSQ2 ) -ring-° [HbO 2 (t 0 )] + (Hb ( 0 )
  • Hb (t i )] [Hb (t 0 ) + AHb]
  • a method for detecting oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue includes the following steps: after the detection object is stationary on a power bicycle for a period of time, detecting a heart rate HR and detecting a change in blood volume A BV ; Make the test subject perform load-increasing exercise, and use the method of claim 10 to detect muscle tissue oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin; according to the above-mentioned muscle tissue oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin detection results, calculate the blood volume change during exercise under each load The value ⁇ ⁇ ′′, while detecting the heart rate HR under each load; and calculate the heart rate change ⁇ ⁇ under each load, the following formula is used to evaluate the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue oxygen parameter; j represents the number of stages of exercise load.
  • the step of detecting a change in blood volume includes: detecting a thickness of the outer tissue; selecting one of a plurality of light sources according to the detected thickness of the outer tissue; detecting that the light emitted from the selected light source passes through the The light intensity value after the local human body tissue is diffused; use the detected light intensity value to calculate the optical density value at the center distance between the selected light source and the photodetector; during the change of the blood oxygen state with time, two adjacent samples Optical density value of interval ⁇ ⁇ 'Difference ⁇ OD)'
  • AODf OD "-OD ⁇ Where OD ⁇ and OD ⁇ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is ⁇ ; and using the following formula, in the blood oxygen state change with time, two adjacent At the sampling time, calculate the change in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin ⁇ K) 2, the change in the reduced hemoglobin concentration A Hb and the change in blood volume A BV
  • ⁇ Hb0 2 ⁇ ⁇ '- ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2
  • ⁇ BV A Hb02 + A Hb
  • ⁇ - ( 4 is the undetermined constant and is related to the wavelength
  • the wavelength is below: ⁇ is -1.6 ⁇ -2,5, a 3 is 2.6 ⁇ 3.85
  • the wavelength is under 2 : a 2 is -2.5-3.6, and a 4 is 0.6 ⁇ 1.6.
  • the OD k is calculated using the following formula : 3, indicating multiple different light sources;
  • the light intensity value of the scattered light detected by the photodetector after the light emitted by different light sources is scattered by the tissue on the side.
  • I k is a light intensity value of emitted light emitted by a plurality of light sources.
  • the thickness of the outer tissue is detected by an ultrasonic method. In one embodiment of the present invention, each stage load is driving.
  • a device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of a human tissue including: a plurality of light sources; a photodetector for detecting light from the plurality of light sources after being diffused by the local tissue of the human body to be measured; A microcontroller that processes the light intensity value to obtain a blood oxygen metabolism parameter of the human body; and wherein the microcontroller is connected to the light source via a plurality of driving circuits to drive the light source to emit light; the microprocessor in turn passes through each other The connected A / D converter, the sample holding circuit, and the preamplifier are connected to the photodetector output terminal.
  • the multi-channel driving circuit is a light emitting diode.
  • the plurality of light sources are on the same straight line as the photodetector, and the photodetectors are located on the same side of the plurality of light sources. In one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of light sources are light emitting diodes.
  • the present invention clearly provides that the detected value is the absolute value of the blood oxygen saturation, rather than the vague concept of the "blood oxygen” parameter. Knowing the absolute value of the tissue blood oxygen saturation can accurately determine whether the patient's blood running status is normal, so this parameter has more clinical significance. In addition, the thickness of the outer layer tissue is often an important factor that causes errors in blood oxygen parameters.
  • the present invention uses multiple light sources and a single detector to eliminate this effect.
  • the present invention is characterized by:
  • the method of using multiple light sources and a single detector arranged in a straight line can improve detection accuracy and facilitate adjustment.
  • each level of exercise load is set on the power bicycle, and the calculated value of ⁇ ) 2 and A Hb are added to obtain the blood volume change value ⁇ by weighting.
  • a heart rate meter provided by technology records the heart rate HR in each level of exercise, HR can reflect the blood supply capacity of the heart; calculate the amount of change ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in each level of load, calculate the amount of change ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in each level of load HR, and Calculate the parameter oxy value that represents the blood oxygen metabolism capacity of the tissue.
  • the present invention has the following features:
  • the present invention clearly detects the tissue oxygen saturation, local tissue oxygenation, and reduced hemoglobin concentration, not the "blood oxygen parameter" which is generally referred to.
  • the method using multiple light sources and single detectors of the present invention is different from the method using single light sources and multiple detectors, and has a high signal-to-noise ratio, high accuracy, and simple system.
  • the present invention provides an empirical formula for accurately detecting the tissue oxygen saturation value in the presence of outer tissue.
  • the blood oxygen saturation and change parameters of the local brain tissue are obtained, and the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in the local tissue are estimated according to the changes in the local tissue oxygen saturation.
  • the thickness of the outer tissue is used as a parameter, and the distance between the light source and the detector is reasonably selected to reduce the influence of the outer tissue; and a parameter that comprehensively reflects the blood oxygen metabolism capacity during exercise is derived.
  • This parameter is related to the local tissue.
  • the amount of oxygenated and reduced hemoglobin changes is related to the ability of the heart to supply blood and the ability to distribute blood.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram describing a blood tissue metabolic parameter detection device commonly used in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a graph describing a hemoglobin absorption spectrum
  • 4A is a flowchart describing a method for detecting blood oxygen saturation rS0 2 of a human tissue according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4B is a flowchart describing a method for detecting oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin concentration in a local tissue of a human body according to the present invention
  • 4C is a flowchart describing a method for detecting a parameter value oxy representing a blood oxygen metabolism capacity of a human tissue according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram describing a detection device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an external view showing a photodetector according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an external view showing a detection device according to the present invention.
  • 8A is a graph showing rS02 results of a normal baby detected by the detection method of the present invention
  • 8B is a graph showing the results of rS02 in children detected by the detection method of the present invention
  • 8C is a graph showing a result of testing a blood model rS02 by using the detection method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8D is a curve diagram of a result of testing a blood model rS02 using a detection method in the prior art
  • FIG. 9A is a graph showing the results of 0 2 of a normal newborn detected under the condition of inhaling pure oxygen using the detection method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 ⁇ is a graph of rS0 2 results of a patient detected under the condition of pure oxygen inhalation using the detection method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a graph showing the tissue oxygen parameter 0XY detected by the detection method of the present invention in an increasing load exercise. detailed description
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the blood oxygen metabolism parameter detection device of a human tissue according to the present invention.
  • the detection device includes three light sources 1, 2, 3 and a single detector 4.
  • Reference numeral 1 indicates a light source LSI with a distance of rl from the photodetector 0PSU 4;
  • Reference numeral 2 indicates a light source LS2 with a distance of r2 from the photodetector OPUS 4;
  • Reference numeral 3 indicates a light source with a distance of r3 from the photodetector OPUS Light source LS3;
  • reference number 4 indicates the photodetector 0PSU;
  • reference number 5 indicates the first layer of tissue, and is indicated by T1;
  • reference number 6 indicates the second layer of tissue, and is indicated by T2;
  • reference number 7 indicates the third layer of tissue, and indicated by T3 .
  • T1 is skin
  • T2 is muscle subcutaneous tissue
  • T3 muscle tissue
  • T1 is skin
  • T2 is skull
  • T3 is brain tissue (grey and white matter).
  • bl, b2, b3 represent the trajectories of photon migration, respectively.
  • the light sources 1, 2 and 3 are aligned with the photo detector OPUS 4. More preferably, the photodetector 4 is located on the same side of the light sources 1, 2 and 3, so as to detect different tissues using the light sources 1, 2 and 3, respectively, wherein the distance from the light sources 1, 2 and 3 to the photodetector OPUS4 is r ,,, r 2 and r 3 .
  • the light sources 1, 2 and 3 are light emitting diodes. Light sources 1, 2 and 3 emit red and infrared light.
  • the center distance between adjacent light sources is between 5 mm and 10 mm, and the center distance between the photodetector and each light source is between 30 mm and 50 mm.
  • the outer tissue is the fat layer of the muscle, the muscle is detected.
  • the center distance between the photodetector and each light source is at least 50 mm, otherwise it is at least 40 mm. Under the increasing exercise load, the parameter oxy of the blood oxygen metabolism capacity of the tissue is obtained.
  • the light source 3 emits light, and the information detected by the photodetector OPUS 4 is mainly the T1 layer.
  • the light source 2 emits light.
  • the photodetector OPUS 4 detects the information of the T1 and T2 layers.
  • the light source 1 emits light, which is detected by the photodetector OPUS 4, mainly the information of the T1, T2, and T3 layers.
  • three light sources 1, 2 and 3 at different positions on the surface of the tissue to be measured can each emit two light sources of different wavelengths in sequence at a time interval of less than 0.5 ms.
  • the photodetector 4 sequentially detects the light intensity value of the light emitted from the light sources 1, 2 and 3 after diffused through the deep structure of the human body, thereby calculating the optical density value OD, and since then calculating the blood oxygen saturation of the deep local test tissue Degree, local tissue oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin concentrations, and oxy as a parameter that can assess the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue.
  • Figure 3 depicts the hemoglobin absorption spectrum.
  • Figure 4A depicts a flowchart of a method of detecting human tissue oxygen saturation of rS0 2 according to the present invention.
  • step S1 the three light sources 1, 2, 3 are fixed to the test object. Tissue surface at three different locations. Under the control of the microcontroller, each light source is driven to emit light sequentially, and the light intensity value of the light emitted by each light source through the local tissue of the human body on the side to be diffused is measured in turn using the photodetector 4 (step S1).
  • step S2 the following optical density value formula is used to calculate the optical density value OD k at different detection distances from the photodetector :
  • I kr is the light intensity value of light emitted by light sources at different positions after being scattered by human tissues
  • I k is the light intensity emitted by the three light sources.
  • step S3 the oxygen saturation rS0 2 of the deep local tissue to be measured is calculated according to the above test results, displayed and saved.
  • Step S2 includes the following sub-steps:
  • AODi ⁇ 2 ⁇ '- ⁇ ⁇ '
  • j 1, 2 respectively represent different wavelengths, that is, 2 respectively represent light wavelengths at different wavelengths:
  • ⁇ 02 represents the difference between the optical density value of light of wavelength j emitted by the second light source and the optical density value of light of wavelength ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the first light source;
  • ⁇ Z ⁇ ⁇ represents the difference between the optical density value of the light of the wavelength ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the third light source and the optical density value of the light of the wavelength ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the second light source;
  • rS0 2 C (-) 2 + ⁇ , (-) + ⁇ 2 (.-) + ⁇
  • FIG. 4B is a flowchart describing a method for detecting the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in a local tissue according to the present invention.
  • tissue oxygen saturation rS0 2 (t Q ) is detected as follows, including sub-steps:
  • step S11 Drive each light source to emit light sequentially under the control of the microcontroller, and sequentially measure the light intensity value of the light emitted by each light source through the local tissue of the human body to be diffused using the photodetector 4 (step S11).
  • ⁇ Is the light intensity value of light emitted by light sources at different positions after being scattered by human tissue
  • I k is the light intensity emitted by the three light sources.
  • j 1, 2, respectively represent different wavelengths, that is, ⁇ 2 respectively represent light wavelengths at different wavelengths ⁇
  • ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ represents the difference between the optical density value of the light of the wavelength ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the first light source and the optical density value of the light of the wavelength ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the first light source;
  • ⁇ ⁇ represents the difference between the optical density value of light having a wavelength of ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the third light source and the optical density value of light having a wavelength of ⁇ ′′ ⁇ emitted by the third light source;
  • rS0 2 (ti) is detected, calculated, and recorded using the above steps (steps S11, S12, S13, and S14).
  • step S15 and S16 the local tissue oxygenation is calculated by using The concentration of hemoglobin [Hb0 2 ] and the reduced hemoglobin [Hb] (step S16), wherein this step includes the following sub-steps:
  • OD ⁇ and OD ⁇ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is;
  • the concentration change of oxygenated hemoglobin at two adjacent sampling moments is ⁇ 3 ⁇ 402
  • the change of reduced hemoglobin concentration is AHb
  • the change in blood volume ⁇ can be calculated by the following formula:
  • ABV AHb02 + AHb
  • the wavelength is below, a! Is -1.6 2.5, 3 is 2.6-3.85;
  • a 2 is -2.5 ⁇ -3.6
  • a 4 is 0.6 ⁇ 1.6
  • FIG. 4C is a flowchart describing a method for detecting a parameter oxy value representing a blood oxygen metabolism capacity of human tissue according to the present invention
  • changes in oxygenated hemoglobin ( ⁇ Hb0 2 ), reduced hemoglobin ( ⁇ ! 3 ⁇ 4), and heart rate detected under a certain exercise load are used as parameters that can evaluate the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue.
  • This parameter uses oxy Means.
  • the thickness of the outer tissue is measured by an ultrasonic method according to the test object and the test site, and a light source with a distance d from the photodetector is selected from three light sources according to the thickness of the outer tissue (steps S21, S22 And S23).
  • test subject stands still on the power bicycle for 1 minute, measures the heart rate HR with a universal heart rate meter and records the baseline value of A BV (step S24), and detects and calculates A BV through the following steps;
  • I k is the power of the light source
  • ⁇ is the light power received by the photoelectric receiving tube after the incident light is scattered by the biological tissue.
  • OD ⁇ and OD ⁇ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is;
  • ABV AHb02 + AHb
  • Wavelength is 2 times
  • a 2 is -2.5 ⁇ -3.6
  • the subjects performed load-increasing exercise at 50W per level, recorded the ABV value of the exercise process under each level of load, and simultaneously recorded the heart rate HR under each level of load;
  • j represents the level of exercise load
  • FIG. 5 shows a circuit block diagram of a detection device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows an external view of a photodetector according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an external view showing a detection device according to the present invention.
  • the device is composed of a photodetector 11, a preamplifier circuit 16, an A / D converter 18, an embedded microcontroller 12, an external SRAM 15, a liquid crystal display 14, and a touch screen 13.
  • the microcontroller 12 uses AT89C52, the photo detector OPUS16 used is a silicon photocell, the liquid crystal display 14 has a resolution of 320 * 240, and a 1024 * 1024 touch screen.
  • the detection device according to the present invention includes three light sources 1, 2 and 3, a single photodetector 4, and a microcontroller 12 connected to each of the light sources 1, 2 and 3 via a three-way light emitting diode driving circuit 11; wherein, micro The processor 12 is connected in turn through the A / D converter 19, the sample-and-hold circuit 18, the preamplifier 17, and the photodetector 1 output terminal connected to each other.
  • the three light sources 1, 2 and 3 are distributed at different distances from the photodetector 4 and are linearly arranged with the photodetector 4.
  • the present invention obtains tissue oxygen saturation in a local area based on a plurality of optical density values measured at different positions and performs algebraic operations on the empirical formulas given to them.
  • the probe 8 connects the plug 9 to the instrument 10, 13 is the LCD touch screen, and 12 is the reset button.
  • the light source uses 3 LEDs and 1 OPUS at different distances (in a line, and the LEDs are separate), and the 3 LEDs are 20 legs, 30 bands, and 40 legs from the photodetector OPUS 4, respectively.
  • the photodetector OPUS 4 detects changes in light intensity.
  • the silicon photocell OPUS is connected to the preamplifier TLC27L4, and the microcontroller AT89C52 controls the sample-and-hold LF398 to work and start the A / D TLC2543 conversion. The conversion result is read and recorded.
  • the micro-controller drives the light source LS to emit light, and saves the A / D conversion value detected by OPUS to the memory chip 6264.
  • LEDs in the probe in the device of the present invention there are three LEDs in the probe in the device of the present invention.
  • the wavelength selection is slightly different.
  • the muscle blood oxygen detection is 700 / 880nm and the head is 780nm / 840 nm.
  • the head is 780nm / 840 nm.
  • 700/880 and 780nm / 840 nm component LEDs In order not to cause any damage to biological tissues Damage, LED light power should be less than 10ml
  • the system signal flow can be summarized as: (1) the microcontroller sends a control signal to the LS drive unit, 3 LEDs emit light in sequence; (2) the light is organized (5 ⁇ , 6 ⁇ 2 in Figure 2) 7T3) Emitted from the detection site (3) OPUS detection light intensity is connected to the preamplifier (4) 1 sample-and-hold sample and hold the signal, the A / D converter performs conversion, and the conversion result is read by the microcontroller Saved in SRAM. (5) The local tissue oxygen saturation rS02 is calculated and displayed by the microcontroller.
  • FIG. 8A is a graph showing rS02 results of a normal baby detected by the detection method of the present invention
  • FIG. 8B is a graph showing rS02 results of a child detected by the detection method of the present invention
  • FIG. 8D is a graph of the results of testing the rS02 of the blood model using the detection methods in the prior art.
  • the invention is used to test the oxygen inhalation process, tissue oxygen saturation and change process of normal infants and infants with encephalopathy in a quiet state. After Aspin-Welch test, the difference between normal and children was significant (P ⁇ 0.005). Calculate the hemoglobin of the normal baby's head (the test site is the forehead) in the quiet state is 89 ii mol / L, and the results are shown in Figures 9A-9B.
  • the blood oxygen parameters under increasing load exercise were detected to obtain the comprehensive blood oxygen parameter oxy.
  • the applied load is set by the setting device of the power bicycle, and an incremental load of 0-50 W-100W is used, and the result is shown in FIG. 10.

Abstract

A method for measuring the parameters of the blood oxygen metabolism in human tissue, which includes following steps. At least three light sources (1, 2, 3) which is placed at the different position of local tissue (5, 6, 7) emit light in turn. A intensity (Ikr) of the light emitted by at least the three lights (1, 2, 3) and diffused by the local tissue is detected by a photodetector (4) which is placed on the local tissue, respectively; The saturation oxygen (rS02), oxyhemoglobin (Hb02(ti )), deoxyhemoglobin (Hb(ti)), and the parameter (oxy) which is used to evaluate the ability of musculature on oxygen metabolism can be obtained by processing the light intensity. The invention also discloses an apparatus for measuring the parameter of the blood oxygen metabolism in human tissue.

Description

用于检测人体组织血氧代谢参数的方法及装置 技术领域  Method and device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human tissue
本发明涉及人体组织血氧代谢参数无损检测方法及系统， 并且更 具体地，涉及一种使用多光源和单检测器检测人体组织血氧代谢参数 的方法及装置。 背景技术  The present invention relates to a method and system for non-destructive detection of blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human tissue, and more particularly, to a method and device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human tissue using multiple light sources and a single detector. Background technique
监测人体局部组织（例如， 脑部和肌肉等）的血液运行状况， 并 且观察其随时间变化的规律， 对于手术过程中的病人、危重病人、 患 有缺氧缺血脑病的婴儿和对组织移植后的病人的监护有重要意义。  Monitor the blood running status of local human tissues (for example, brain and muscle, etc.), and observe the changes over time. For patients during surgery, critically ill patients, infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and tissue transplantation Post-patient monitoring is important.
在现有技术中，确定人体局部组织血氧代谢状况的方法， 主要包 括基于电化学原理的有创组织氧分压的直接检测方法和基于光学检 测的无损检测方法。光学检测方法可以完成无创伤的监测， 使用方便 安全， 稳定可靠。 本发明属于光学检测方法的其中之一种。  In the prior art, methods for determining the blood oxygen metabolism status of a local tissue of a human body mainly include a direct detection method of invasive tissue oxygen partial pressure based on an electrochemical principle and a non-destructive detection method based on optical detection. The optical detection method can complete non-invasive monitoring, which is convenient, safe, stable and reliable. The invention belongs to one of the optical detection methods.
中国专利公开号 CN1365649A公开了一种基于经典 Lambert- Beer 定律的检测方法。 这个经典定律对于无散射的情况是有效的。 但是， 对于在具有强散射光学特性的人体和其他生物组织的情况中，这个经 典定律必须经修正后才能使用。从原理上，直接在强散射下应用经典 的 Lambert- Beer定律无法获得任何正确的结果。  Chinese Patent Publication No. CN1365649A discloses a detection method based on the classic Lambert-Beer law. This classic law is valid for non-scattering situations. However, in the case of the human body and other biological tissues with strong scattering optical characteristics, this classical law must be modified before it can be used. In principle, applying the classic Lambert-Beer law directly under strong scattering cannot get any correct results.
美国专利公开号 US005632273A公开了一种基于半无限大均匀介 质的检测方法，其采用的稳态空间分辨的计算算法对于具有外层组织 时检测深层组织的血氧饱和度有影响。  U.S. Patent Publication No. US005632273A discloses a detection method based on a semi-infinite homogeneous medium, and a steady-state spatially-resolved calculation algorithm used for detecting the deep-tissue blood oxygen saturation when having an outer-layer tissue is affected.
中国专利公开号 CN1333011A和 CN1331953A的专利中使用的方法 没有包括确定性的算法步骤和检测值， 因此， 不能准确检测组织血氧 饱和度， 信号精确度差， 系统结构比较复杂。 The methods used in the patents of Chinese Patent Publication Nos. CN1333011A and CN1331953A do not include deterministic algorithm steps and detection values, and therefore cannot accurately detect tissue blood oxygen Saturation, poor signal accuracy, and complex system structure.
图 1描述了现有技术中常用人体组织血氧代谢参数检测装置的示 意图。 参考图 1， a表示光源， b表示检测器， c表示探头， d表示检 测器， e表示深层待测组织， 以及 f表示外层组织。 常用的检测装置 采用一个光源和多个检测器（例如两个）来检测人体组织血样代谢参 数。 由于采用单个光源， 因此其精度较差。 发明内容 ' FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters commonly used in the prior art. Referring to FIG. 1, a indicates a light source, b indicates a detector, c indicates a probe, d indicates a detector, e indicates a deep tissue to be measured, and f indicates an outer tissue. Common detection devices use one light source and multiple detectors (for example, two) to detect blood tissue metabolic parameters of human tissues. Because it uses a single light source, its accuracy is poor. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种使用多光源和单检测器检测人体组 织血氧代谢参数的方法及装置，通过此装置可检测人体局部组织血氧 饱和度，局部组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白的浓度， 以及作为可 以评定肌肉组织氧代谢能力的参数 oxy。  The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human tissues by using multiple light sources and a single detector. By this device, the blood oxygen saturation of local tissues, the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in local tissues can be detected And as a parameter that can assess the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue oxy.
根据本发明的一方面，提供一种用于检测人体局部组织血氧饱和 度的方法， 该方法包括以下步骤：使位于人体局部组织上不同位置处 的至少三个光源依次发光:利用位于人体局部组织上的一个光电检测 器，分别检测从所述至少三个光源发出的光经人体局部组织漫射后的 光强值； 以及对所述光强值进行处理， 以获得人体局部组织的血氧饱 和度。  According to an aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting blood oxygen saturation in a local tissue of a human body is provided. The method includes the following steps: sequentially emitting at least three light sources at different positions on a local tissue of a human body: A photodetector on the tissue, respectively detecting the light intensity values of the light emitted from the at least three light sources after being diffused by the local tissue of the human body; and processing the light intensity values to obtain blood oxygen of the local tissue of the human body saturation.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述至少三个光源与所述光电检测器 处于同一直线上，并且所述光电检测器位于所述至少三个光源的同一 在本发明的一个实施例中，所述至少三个光源分别发出红光和近 红外光。  In one embodiment of the present invention, the at least three light sources are on the same line as the photodetector, and the photodetectors are located on the same line of the at least three light sources. In one embodiment of the present invention, The at least three light sources emit red light and near-infrared light, respectively.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 所述至少三个光源依次在小于 0. 5ms 的时间间隔内顺序发光。  In one embodiment of the present invention, the at least three light sources sequentially emit light sequentially within a time interval of less than 0.5 ms.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 光源是发光二极管。  In one embodiment of the invention, the light source is a light emitting diode.
在本发明的一个实施例中，在处理所述光强值步骤中，根据检测 的光强值， 使用下列公式计算光密度值 ODk: In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step of processing the light intensity value, according to the detection The light intensity value is calculated using the following formula :
ODHog^, ,, 其中， k=l、 2、 3、 …表示不同的光源； ODHog ^, ,, where k = 1, 2, 3,… represent different light sources;
为不同光源发出的光经人体局部组织漫射后由光电检测器检测 到的强度值，  Is the intensity value detected by the photodetector after the light emitted by different light sources diffuses through the local tissue of the human body,
Ik为不同光源发射的光的强度值。 I k is the intensity value of light emitted by different light sources.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 光源为三个光源， 每个光源分别发出 两种不同波长的光， 并且还包括步骤：将同一检测周期内相对于不同 光源检测的光密度值相减： 即  In an embodiment of the present invention, the light source is three light sources, and each light source emits light of two different wavelengths respectively, and further includes the step of subtracting the optical density values detected with respect to different light sources in the same detection period:
ΔΟϋ^ =Οϋ^ -ΟΌ ' ,  ΔΟϋ ^ = Οϋ ^ -ΟΌ ',
AOD"j = OD3"j -OD^, AOD " j = OD 3 " j -OD ^,
其中， j=l、 2分别表示不同的波长的下标， 即 、 λ2分别表示不 同波长： Among them, j = 1 and 2 respectively represent subscripts of different wavelengths, that is, λ 2 respectively represent different wavelengths:
AOD^表示第 2个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的密度值与第 1个光 源发出的其波长为 λ」的光的密度值之差；  AOD ^ represents the difference between the density value of light having a wavelength λ ″ · emitted by the second light source and the density value of light having a wavelength λ ″ emitted by the first light source;
AOD^表示第 3个光源发出的其波长为 的光的密度值与第 2个光 源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的密度值之差； 以及  AOD ^ represents the difference between the density value of light having a wavelength of and emitted by the third light source and the density value of light having a wavelength of λ ″ · emitted by the second light source; and
通过下列公式计算待测人体局部组织的血氧饱和度 rS02: rS02 = C ( ¾ 2 + ΒΧ ( ^Δ) + B2 { l_) + A Calculate blood oxygen saturation rS0 2: rS0 2 = C (¾ 2 + ΒΧ (^ Δ) + B 2 { l_ ) + A
2 OD i AOD^ 2 AOD ^ 其中： A、 Bi、 B2和 C为待定常数， 其取值分别为 C: 0.16-0.25； Β,: -1.66-2.5； Β2: -0.13—0.25； Α: 1·8〜2·7。 2 OD i AOD ^ 2 AOD ^ where: A, Bi, B 2 and C are undetermined constants, and their values are C: 0.16-0.25; Β ,: -1.66-2.5; Β 2 : -0.13-0.25; Α : 1 · 8 ~ 2 · 7.
在本发明的一个实施例中，将相邻光源的中心距设置在 5mm- 10mm 之间， 以及将所述光电检测器与各光源的中心距设置在 30- 50醒之 间。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the center distance between adjacent light sources is set between 5mm-10mm, and the center distance between the photodetector and each light source is set between 30-50 Between.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 在外层组织为脂肪层的情况下，在检 测肌肉血氧参数而脂肪厚度大于 15mm时，将光电检测器与光源的中 心距设置为至少 50iran， 否则至少 40mm。  In one embodiment of the present invention, in the case where the outer tissue is a fat layer, when the blood oxygen parameter of the muscle is detected and the fat thickness is greater than 15mm, the center distance between the photodetector and the light source is set to at least 50iran, otherwise at least 40mm.
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种用于检测人体局部组织氧合血 红蛋白和还原血红蛋白的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：在待测人体不 吸氧并且处于安静状态时，利用权利要求 1的方法，检测人体局部组 织血氧饱和度 rS02(tQ); 在待测人体吸氧一段时间后， 利用权利要求 1的方法，检测人体局部组织血氧饱和度 rSO2(t0;在待测人体吸氧一 段时间后停止供氧， 再经一段时间后， 利用权利要求 1的方法， 检测 人体局部组织血氧饱和度； 以及处理在上述步骤得到的结果， 以获得 人体局部组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白的浓度。 According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in a local tissue of a human body is provided. The method includes the following steps: when the human body to be measured does not absorb oxygen and is in a quiet state, Method to detect blood oxygen saturation rS0 2 (t Q ) in a local tissue of a human body ; after a period of oxygen inhalation by the human body to be measured, use the method of claim 1 to detect blood oxygen saturation rSO 2 (t0; The human body stops oxygen supply after a period of oxygen inhalation, and after a period of time, uses the method of claim 1 to detect the blood oxygen saturation of the local tissue of the human body; and processes the results obtained in the above steps to obtain the oxygenated hemoglobin and Reduced hemoglobin concentration.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 在检测人体局部组织血氧饱和度中， 使用下列公式计算光密度值 ODk: :
Figure imgf000006_0001
3、 …表示多个不同光源； In an embodiment of the present invention, in detecting the blood oxygen saturation of a local tissue of a human body, the following formula is used to calculate the optical density value OD k:
Figure imgf000006_0001
3.… means multiple different light sources;
Ikr为不同位置的光源发出的光经待侧人体局部组织漫射之后由光 电检测器检测到的漫射光的光强度值， I kr is the light intensity value of the diffused light detected by the photodetector after the light emitted by the light sources at different positions is diffused by the local human tissue.
Ik为多个光源发射的发射光的光强度值； I k is a light intensity value of the emitted light emitted by multiple light sources;
在本发明的一个实施例中， 在检测人体局部组织血氧饱和度中， 光源为三个光源，每个光源分别发出两种不同波长的光， 并且还包括 步骤：  In an embodiment of the present invention, in detecting the blood oxygen saturation of the local tissue of the human body, the light source is three light sources, and each light source emits light of two different wavelengths respectively, and further includes steps:
将同一检测周期内相对于不同光源检测的光密度值相减： 即 Subtract the optical density values detected by different light sources in the same detection cycle:
AOOx 2 s = ΟΌ^ - OD '， AOO x 2 s = ΟΌ ^-OD ',
ΑΟΌ^ = OD3 ½ - OD^ , ΑΟΌ ^ = OD 3 ½ -OD ^,
其中， j=l， 2， 分别表示不同的波长的下标， 即 、 人2分别表示 不同波长： AOD2 X>表示第 2个光源发出的其波长为 λ」的光的密度值与第 1个光 源发出的其波长为 的光的密度值之差； Among them, j = 1, 2 respectively represent subscripts of different wavelengths, that is, person 2 represents different wavelengths: AOD 2 X > represents the difference between the density value of light having a wavelength λ ″ emitted by the second light source and the density value of light having a wavelength emitted by the first light source;
表示第 3个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的密度值与第 2个光 源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的密度值之差； 以及  Represents the difference between the density value of light having a wavelength λ ″ · emitted by the third light source and the density value of light having a wavelength λ ″ · emitted by the second light source; and
通过下列公式计算出待测人体局部组织的血氧饱和度 rS02: rSO + ACalculate the blood oxygen saturation rS0 2: rSO + A of the human body tissue to be measured by the following formula
Figure imgf000007_0001
其中： A、 B^PC为待定常数， 其取值分别为 C: 0.16-0.25； B -1.66—2.5； B2: -0.13-0.25； A: 1.8〜2.7。
Figure imgf000007_0001
Among them: A and B ^ PC are undetermined constants, and their values are C: 0.16-0.25; B -1.66-2.5; B 2 : -0.13-0.25; A: 1.8 ~ 2.7.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 还包括步骤：  In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes the following steps:
计算血氧状态随时间变化过程中， 两个相邻采样间隔的光密度值 Οϋλί之差：
Figure imgf000007_0002
Calculate the difference between the optical density values of two adjacent sampling intervals Ο 血 λί during the change of blood oxygen state with time:
Figure imgf000007_0002
其中， OD^和 OD^分别为波长为 时， 在 t时刻及其后的 t+1时刻 的光密度值之差； 以及 Where OD ^ and OD ^ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is; and
. 利用下式计算血氧状态随时间变化过程中， 两个相邻采样时刻 下，合氧血红蛋白的浓度变化 ΔΙ¾02、还原血红蛋白浓度变化 AHb 和血量变化 ABV:  Using the following formula to calculate the change in blood oxygen state over time, the change in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin ΔΙ¾02, the change in the concentration of reduced hemoglobin AHb, and the change in blood volume ABV at two adjacent sampling moments:
△Hb02 = α,ΔΟϋ 1 -a2AODj2 △ Hb0 2 = α, ΔΟϋ 1 -a 2 AODj 2
AHb = 3ΔΟθ}' - 4ΑΟΌ]2 AHb = 3 ΔΟθ} ' -4 ΑΟΌ] 2
ABV=AHb02+AHb  ABV = AHb02 + AHb
其中 on-o^为待定常数， 并与波长有关的，  Where on-o ^ is the undetermined constant and is related to the wavelength,
波长为 下： ai为 -1.6〜- 2.5， a3为 2.6~3.85 The wavelength is below: ai is -1.6 ~-2.5, a 3 is 2.6 ~ 3.85
波长为 λ2下: α2为 -2.5~-3.6， α4为 0.6~1.6； 以及 At a wavelength of λ 2 : α 2 is -2.5 ~ -3.6, α 4 is 0.6 ~ 1.6; and
利用下列公式得出人体局部组织氧合血红蛋白 Hb02(tQ)和还原血 红蛋白的浓度 Hb(tQ): rSQ2 ) - 響 - ° [HbO2 (t0)] + [Hb( 0) The concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin Hb0 2 (t Q ) and reduced hemoglobin Hb (t Q ) in local tissues of the human body is obtained using the following formula : rSQ2 ) -ring-° [HbO 2 (t 0 )] + (Hb ( 0 )
rSOlit ) = [層 2 fa ) +觸 2] rSOlit) = [layer 2 fa) + touch 2 ]
' [HbO2(t0) + AHb02] + [Hb(t0) + AHb]
Figure imgf000008_0001
'[HbO 2 (t 0 ) + AHb0 2 ] + [Hb (t 0 ) + AHb]
Figure imgf000008_0001
Hb(ti)] = [Hb(t0) + AHb] Hb (t i )] = [Hb (t 0 ) + AHb]
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种用于检测肌肉组织氧代谢能力 的方法， 该方法包括以下步骤： 在检测对象在功率自行车上静止一段 时间后，检测心率 HR并且检测血量变化 A BV ;使检测对象做负荷递 增运动， 利用权利要求 10的方法， 检测肌肉组织氧合血红蛋白和还 原血红蛋白；根据上述肌肉组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白检测结 果， 计算每级负荷下运动过程的血量变化值 Δ Βν」， 同时检测每级负 荷下心率 HR; 以及计算出每级负荷下的心率变化 Δ Η ， 按下式得到 作为评定肌肉组织氧代谢能力的参数 oxy;
Figure imgf000008_0002
j表示运动负荷的级数。 According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue is provided. The method includes the following steps: after the detection object is stationary on a power bicycle for a period of time, detecting a heart rate HR and detecting a change in blood volume A BV ; Make the test subject perform load-increasing exercise, and use the method of claim 10 to detect muscle tissue oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin; according to the above-mentioned muscle tissue oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin detection results, calculate the blood volume change during exercise under each load The value Δ Βν ″, while detecting the heart rate HR under each load; and calculate the heart rate change Δ 下 under each load, the following formula is used to evaluate the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue oxygen parameter;
Figure imgf000008_0002
j represents the number of stages of exercise load.
在本发明的一个实施例中，检测血量变化的步骤包括：检测外层 组织的厚度； 根据检测的外层组织的厚度， 选择多个光源之一； 检测 从选择的光源发射的光经过待侧人体局部组织漫射之后光强值；利用 检测的光强值，计算选择的光源与光电检测器的中心距离下的光密度 值；检测血氧状态随时间变化过程中，两个相邻采样间隔的光密度值 ΟΏλ'之差 Δ OD}' In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of detecting a change in blood volume includes: detecting a thickness of the outer tissue; selecting one of a plurality of light sources according to the detected thickness of the outer tissue; detecting that the light emitted from the selected light source passes through the The light intensity value after the local human body tissue is diffused; use the detected light intensity value to calculate the optical density value at the center distance between the selected light source and the photodetector; during the change of the blood oxygen state with time, two adjacent samples Optical density value of interval 〇Ώ λ 'Difference Δ OD)'
AODf = OD" - OD^ 其中， OD^和 OD^分别为波长为 时， 在 t时刻及其后的 t+1时刻 的光密度值之差；以及利用下列公式，在血氧状态随时间变化过程中， 两个相邻采样时刻下， 计算合氧血红蛋白的浓度变化 Δ ΗΚ)2、 还原 血红蛋白浓度变化 A Hb和血量变化 A BV， AODf = OD "-OD ^ Where OD ^ and OD ^ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is λ; and using the following formula, in the blood oxygen state change with time, two adjacent At the sampling time, calculate the change in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin ΔΗK) 2, the change in the reduced hemoglobin concentration A Hb and the change in blood volume A BV
△Hb02 = α】ΔΟϋ ' - α2ΑΟΌ 2 △ Hb0 2 = α】 ΔΟϋ '-α 2 ΑΟΌ 2
ABb = a3AODj' - a4AODj2 ABb = a 3 AODj '-a 4 AODj 2
△ BV= A Hb02+ A Hb  △ BV = A Hb02 + A Hb
其中 αι -( 4为待定常数， 并与波长有关的， Where αι- ( 4 is the undetermined constant and is related to the wavelength,
波长为 下： αι为 -1.6〜- 2,5， a3为 2.6~3.85 The wavelength is below: αι is -1.6 ~-2,5, a 3 is 2.6 ~ 3.85
波长为入 2下： a2为 -2.5 - 3.6， a4为 0.6〜1.6。 The wavelength is under 2 : a 2 is -2.5-3.6, and a 4 is 0.6 ~ 1.6.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 使用下述公式计算 ODk:
Figure imgf000009_0001
3, 表示多个不同光源； In one embodiment of the invention, the OD k is calculated using the following formula :
Figure imgf000009_0001
3, indicating multiple different light sources;
为不同的光源发出的光经过局部待侧组织散射之后由光电检测 器检测到的散射光的光强度值，  The light intensity value of the scattered light detected by the photodetector after the light emitted by different light sources is scattered by the tissue on the side.
Ik为多个光源发射的发射光的光强度值。 I k is a light intensity value of emitted light emitted by a plurality of light sources.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 用超声波方法检测外层组织的厚度。 在本发明的一个实施例中，.每级负荷为駕。  In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the outer tissue is detected by an ultrasonic method. In one embodiment of the present invention, each stage load is driving.
根据本发明的另一方面， 提供一种人体组织血氧代谢参数检测装 置， 包括： 多个光源； 光电检测器， 用于检测来自所述多个光源的光 经待测人体局部组织漫射后的强度值;微控制器，处理所述光强度值， 以获得人体血氧代谢参数； 以及其中，微控制器经多路驱动电路与光 源相连， 以驱动光源发光； 微处理器又依次经过相互连接的 A/D转 换器、 釆样保持电路、 前置放大器与所述光电检测器输出端相连。  According to another aspect of the present invention, a device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of a human tissue is provided, including: a plurality of light sources; a photodetector for detecting light from the plurality of light sources after being diffused by the local tissue of the human body to be measured; A microcontroller that processes the light intensity value to obtain a blood oxygen metabolism parameter of the human body; and wherein the microcontroller is connected to the light source via a plurality of driving circuits to drive the light source to emit light; the microprocessor in turn passes through each other The connected A / D converter, the sample holding circuit, and the preamplifier are connected to the photodetector output terminal.
在本发明的一个实施例中， 多路驱动电路为发光的二极管。  In one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-channel driving circuit is a light emitting diode.
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述多个光源与光电检测器处于同一 直线上， 并且所述光电检测器位于所述多个光源的同一侧。 在本发明的一个实施例中， 所述多个光源是发光二极管。 In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of light sources are on the same straight line as the photodetector, and the photodetectors are located on the same side of the plurality of light sources. In one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of light sources are light emitting diodes.
本发明明确给出被检测值是血氧饱和度的绝对值， 而非 "血氧" 参数这样含糊的概念。知道了组织血氧饱和度的绝对值才能够确切判 断患者血液运行状态是否正常， 因而这参数更具有临床意义。 另外， 外层组织的厚度往往是引起血氧参数误差的重要因素，本发明采用多 光源和单检测器， 可以消除这种影响。  The present invention clearly provides that the detected value is the absolute value of the blood oxygen saturation, rather than the vague concept of the "blood oxygen" parameter. Knowing the absolute value of the tissue blood oxygen saturation can accurately determine whether the patient's blood running status is normal, so this parameter has more clinical significance. In addition, the thickness of the outer layer tissue is often an important factor that causes errors in blood oxygen parameters. The present invention uses multiple light sources and a single detector to eliminate this effect.
从实现方法的角度，尽管利用氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白的吸 收光谱是本领域中许多检测技术的共同之处， 但本发明的特点在于： From the perspective of implementing the method, although the absorption spectra of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin are common to many detection technologies in the art, the present invention is characterized by:
1、 釆用了排列在一条直线上的多个光源和单个检测器的方法， 它可提高检测精度并便于调整。 1. The method of using multiple light sources and a single detector arranged in a straight line can improve detection accuracy and facilitate adjustment.
2、 考虑了生物组织的高度散射性， 提出了半经验公式， 这些都 区别于国内外现有专利中所提出的方案。  2. Considering the high scattering of biological tissues, a semi-empirical formula is proposed, which is different from the solutions proposed in existing patents at home and abroad.
3、 根据短时吸氧下可检测新生儿脑局部饱和度和未吸氧前饱和 度值， 计算出局部组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白的浓度。  3. Based on the value of local saturation and pre-oxygen saturation of the newborn brain under short-term oxygen inhalation, calculate the local tissue oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin concentrations.
4、 在运动负荷递增时， 每级运动负荷在功率自行车上设置， 把 所计算得到的每级负荷下的 Δ ΗΚ)2、 A Hb 的值加权相加得到血量 变化值 Δ Βν， 用现有技术提供的心率计记录每级运动中的心率 HR， HR可以反映心脏供血能力； 计算出每级负荷 Δ Βν的改变量 Δ Βν」， 计算出每级负荷 A HR的改变量 Δ Η , 以及计算出代表组织血氧代 谢能力的参数 oxy值。  4. When the exercise load is increased, each level of exercise load is set on the power bicycle, and the calculated value of ΔΗΚ) 2 and A Hb are added to obtain the blood volume change value ΔΒν by weighting. A heart rate meter provided by technology records the heart rate HR in each level of exercise, HR can reflect the blood supply capacity of the heart; calculate the amount of change Δ Βν Δ ν ν in each level of load, calculate the amount of change Δ Η Η in each level of load HR, and Calculate the parameter oxy value that represents the blood oxygen metabolism capacity of the tissue.
与现有技术相比， 本发明区别特征在于：  Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features:
( 1 ) 本发明明确是检测组织血氧饱和度、 局部组织氧合及还原 血红蛋白浓度而不是泛指的 "血氧参数"。  (1) The present invention clearly detects the tissue oxygen saturation, local tissue oxygenation, and reduced hemoglobin concentration, not the "blood oxygen parameter" which is generally referred to.
(2 ) 本发明利用多光源和单检测器的方法区别于单光源和多检 测器的方法， 信噪比高， 精度高， 系统简单。  (2) The method using multiple light sources and single detectors of the present invention is different from the method using single light sources and multiple detectors, and has a high signal-to-noise ratio, high accuracy, and simple system.
( 3 ) 本发明给出了可用的、 存在外层组织条件下准确检测组织 血氧饱和度值的经验公式。 (4)在短时吸纯氧下， 获得局部脑组织血氧饱和度和变化参数， 根据局部组织氧饱和度变化估计出局部组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血 红蛋白的浓度。 (3) The present invention provides an empirical formula for accurately detecting the tissue oxygen saturation value in the presence of outer tissue. (4) Under short-term inhalation of pure oxygen, the blood oxygen saturation and change parameters of the local brain tissue are obtained, and the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in the local tissue are estimated according to the changes in the local tissue oxygen saturation.
(5 ) 以外层组织的厚度为参数， 合理的选择出光源与检测器的 距离， 以减少外层组织的影响； 并导出一个综合反映运动中血氧代谢 能力的参数，这个参数既与局部组织合氧的及还原的血红蛋白的变化 量有关， 又能反映心脏供血能力、 供血的分配能力。  (5) The thickness of the outer tissue is used as a parameter, and the distance between the light source and the detector is reasonably selected to reduce the influence of the outer tissue; and a parameter that comprehensively reflects the blood oxygen metabolism capacity during exercise is derived. This parameter is related to the local tissue. The amount of oxygenated and reduced hemoglobin changes is related to the ability of the heart to supply blood and the ability to distribute blood.
通过下面结合附图对本发明的详细描述， 本发明的目的、 特征、 方面和优点将变得更加明显。 附图说明  Through the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, the objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图 1 是描述现有技术中常用人体组织血样代谢参数检测装置的 示意图；  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram describing a blood tissue metabolic parameter detection device commonly used in the prior art;
图 2 是显示根据本发明的人体组织血氧代谢参数检测装置之原 理的示意图；  2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters according to the present invention;
图 3是描述血红蛋白吸收光谱的曲线图；  FIG. 3 is a graph describing a hemoglobin absorption spectrum;
图 4A是描述根据本发明的用于检测人体组织血氧饱和度 rS02之 方法的流程图； 4A is a flowchart describing a method for detecting blood oxygen saturation rS0 2 of a human tissue according to the present invention;
图 4B是描述根据本发明的用于检测人体局部组织氧合血红蛋白 和还原血红蛋白浓度之方法的流程图；  FIG. 4B is a flowchart describing a method for detecting oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin concentration in a local tissue of a human body according to the present invention; FIG.
图 4C是描述根据本发明的用于检测代表人体组织血氧代谢能力 的参数值 oxy之方法的流程图； '  4C is a flowchart describing a method for detecting a parameter value oxy representing a blood oxygen metabolism capacity of a human tissue according to the present invention;
图 5是描述根据本发明的检测装置的电路方框图；  5 is a circuit block diagram describing a detection device according to the present invention;
图 6是显示根据本发明的光电检测器的外观视图；  6 is an external view showing a photodetector according to the present invention;
图 7是显示根据的本发明的检测装置的外观图。  FIG. 7 is an external view showing a detection device according to the present invention.
图 8A是显示利用本发明检测方法检测的正常婴儿的 rS02结果的 曲线图； 图 8B是显示利用本发明检测方法检测的患儿 rS02 结果的曲线 图； 8A is a graph showing rS02 results of a normal baby detected by the detection method of the present invention; 8B is a graph showing the results of rS02 in children detected by the detection method of the present invention;
图 8C是显示利用本发明检测方法测试血液模型 rS02结果的曲线 图；  8C is a graph showing a result of testing a blood model rS02 by using the detection method of the present invention;
图 8D是利用现有技术中的检测方法测试血液模型 rS02结果的曲 线图；  FIG. 8D is a curve diagram of a result of testing a blood model rS02 using a detection method in the prior art; FIG.
图 9A是利用本发明的检测方法在吸纯氧条件下检测的正常新生 儿的 02结果的曲线图； FIG. 9A is a graph showing the results of 0 2 of a normal newborn detected under the condition of inhaling pure oxygen using the detection method of the present invention; FIG.
图 9β 是利用本发明的检测方法在吸纯氧条件下检测的患儿的 rS02结果的曲线图； FIG. 9β is a graph of rS0 2 results of a patient detected under the condition of pure oxygen inhalation using the detection method of the present invention;
图 10是利用本发明的检测方法在负荷递增运动中检测的组织血 氧参数 0XY的曲线图。 具体实施方式  Fig. 10 is a graph showing the tissue oxygen parameter 0XY detected by the detection method of the present invention in an increasing load exercise. detailed description
下面， 参考附图对本发明的方法和装置作详细说明。  Hereinafter, the method and device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
图 2是根据本发明的人体组织血氧代谢参数检测装置之原理的示 意图。 如图 2所示， 检测装置包括三个光源 1、 2、 3以及单个检测器 4。 参考数字 1表示与光电检测器 0PSU 4相距距离为 rl的光源 LSI ; 参考数字 2表示与光电检测器 OPUS 4相距距离为 r2的光源 LS2; 参 考数字 3表示与光电检测器 OPUS相距距离为 r3的光源 LS3; 参考数 字 4表示光电检测器 0PSU; 参考数字 5表示第 1层组织， 并用 T1表 示； 参考数字 6表示第 2层组织， 并用 T2表示； 参考数字 7表示第 3层组织， 并用 T3表示。 在人体肌肉组织血氧代谢参数检测的组织 模型中， T1为皮肤， T2肌肉皮下组织， T3为肌肉组织。 在人体脑血 氧代谢参数检测的组织模型中， T1为皮肤， T2为颅骨， T3为脑组织 (灰质和白质）。 bl、 b2、 b3分别表示光子迁移的轨迹。  Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the blood oxygen metabolism parameter detection device of a human tissue according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the detection device includes three light sources 1, 2, 3 and a single detector 4. Reference numeral 1 indicates a light source LSI with a distance of rl from the photodetector 0PSU 4; Reference numeral 2 indicates a light source LS2 with a distance of r2 from the photodetector OPUS 4; Reference numeral 3 indicates a light source with a distance of r3 from the photodetector OPUS Light source LS3; reference number 4 indicates the photodetector 0PSU; reference number 5 indicates the first layer of tissue, and is indicated by T1; reference number 6 indicates the second layer of tissue, and is indicated by T2; reference number 7 indicates the third layer of tissue, and indicated by T3 . In a tissue model for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human muscle tissue, T1 is skin, T2 is muscle subcutaneous tissue, and T3 is muscle tissue. In the tissue model of human brain blood oxygen metabolism parameters, T1 is skin, T2 is skull, and T3 is brain tissue (grey and white matter). bl, b2, b3 represent the trajectories of photon migration, respectively.
如图 2所示， 在检测不同深度的组织时， 将三个光源 1、 2和 3 分别放在与光电检测器 OPUS 4具有不同距离的位置处上。 优选地， 光源 1、 2和 3与光电检测器 OPUS 4排成一条直线上，。 更优选地， 光电检测器 4位于光源 1、 2和 3的同一侧， 以便使用光源 1、 2和 3 分别检测不同的组织， 其中， 光源 1、 2和 3到光电检测器 0PUS4的 距离为 r,,、 r2和 r3。优选地， 光源 1、 2和 3为发光二极管。光源 1、 2和 3可发出红光和红外光。 As shown in Figure 2, when detecting tissues of different depths, three light sources 1, 2, and 3 They are placed at different positions from the photodetector OPUS 4. Preferably, the light sources 1, 2 and 3 are aligned with the photo detector OPUS 4. More preferably, the photodetector 4 is located on the same side of the light sources 1, 2 and 3, so as to detect different tissues using the light sources 1, 2 and 3, respectively, wherein the distance from the light sources 1, 2 and 3 to the photodetector OPUS4 is r ,,, r 2 and r 3 . Preferably, the light sources 1, 2 and 3 are light emitting diodes. Light sources 1, 2 and 3 emit red and infrared light.
在本发明中， 相邻光源的中心距在 5mm~10mm之间， 光电检测 器与各光源的中心距在 30mm〜50mm之间；当外层组织为肌肉的脂肪 层的情况下，在检测肌肉血氧参数而脂肪厚度大于 15mm时，光电检 测器与各光源的中心距至少为 50mm， 否则至少为 40mm。 在运动递 增负荷下， 得到组织血氧代谢能力的参数 oxy。  In the present invention, the center distance between adjacent light sources is between 5 mm and 10 mm, and the center distance between the photodetector and each light source is between 30 mm and 50 mm. When the outer tissue is the fat layer of the muscle, the muscle is detected. When the blood oxygen parameter and the fat thickness are greater than 15 mm, the center distance between the photodetector and each light source is at least 50 mm, otherwise it is at least 40 mm. Under the increasing exercise load, the parameter oxy of the blood oxygen metabolism capacity of the tissue is obtained.
在图 2中， 光源 3发光由光电检测器 OPUS 4检测的主要是 T1层 的信息。 光源 2发光由光电检测器 OPUS 4检测的是 T1和 T2层的信 息。 光源 1发光由光电检测器 OPUS 4检测的主要是 Tl、 Τ2层和 Τ3 层的信息。  In Fig. 2, the light source 3 emits light, and the information detected by the photodetector OPUS 4 is mainly the T1 layer. The light source 2 emits light. The photodetector OPUS 4 detects the information of the T1 and T2 layers. The light source 1 emits light, which is detected by the photodetector OPUS 4, mainly the information of the T1, T2, and T3 layers.
如图 2所示，三个位于待测组织表面不同位置上且每一个均可分 别发出两个不同波长光源 1， 2和 3依次在小于 0.5ms的时间间隔内 顺序发光。 由光电检测器 4依次检测从光源 1、 2和 3发出的光通过 人体深层结构组织漫射之后的光强值， 由此计算光密度值 OD， 以来 计算出深层局部待测组织的血氧饱和度、局部组织氧合血红蛋白和还 原血红蛋白的浓度， 以及作为可以评定肌肉组织氧代谢能力的参数 oxy。  As shown in Fig. 2, three light sources 1, 2 and 3 at different positions on the surface of the tissue to be measured can each emit two light sources of different wavelengths in sequence at a time interval of less than 0.5 ms. The photodetector 4 sequentially detects the light intensity value of the light emitted from the light sources 1, 2 and 3 after diffused through the deep structure of the human body, thereby calculating the optical density value OD, and since then calculating the blood oxygen saturation of the deep local test tissue Degree, local tissue oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin concentrations, and oxy as a parameter that can assess the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue.
图 3描述了血红蛋白吸收光谱。  Figure 3 depicts the hemoglobin absorption spectrum.
下面， 参考图 4A， 说明根据本发明用于检测人体组织血氧饱和度 rS02的方法。 图 4A描述根据本发明的用于检测人体组织血氧饱和度 rS02之方法的流程图。 Next, a method for detecting the blood oxygen saturation rS0 2 of a human tissue according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4A. Figure 4A depicts a flowchart of a method of detecting human tissue oxygen saturation of rS0 2 according to the present invention.
首先， 在步骤 S1中 （初始化）， 把三个光源 1， 2, 3固定在待测 组织表面的三个不同位置上。 在微控制器控制下驱动各光源顺序发 光，并依次利用光电检测器 4测量各个光源发出的光经过待侧人体局 部组织漫射之后的光强值 （步骤 S l )。 First, in step S1 (initialization), the three light sources 1, 2, 3 are fixed to the test object. Tissue surface at three different locations. Under the control of the microcontroller, each light source is driven to emit light sequentially, and the light intensity value of the light emitted by each light source through the local tissue of the human body on the side to be diffused is measured in turn using the photodetector 4 (step S1).
然后，在步骤 S2中，利用下述光密度值公式计算离光电检测器不 同检测距离下的光密度值 ODk: Then, in step S2, the following optical density value formula is used to calculate the optical density value OD k at different detection distances from the photodetector :
ODk=log^， OD k = log ^,
其中， k=l， 2， 3， 表示三个不同光源的下标；  Where k = l, 2, 3, which represent the subscripts of three different light sources;
Ikr为不同位置的光源发出的光经过人体组织散射之后的光强值，I kr is the light intensity value of light emitted by light sources at different positions after being scattered by human tissues,
Ik为三个光源出射的光强。 I k is the light intensity emitted by the three light sources.
在步骤 S3中，依据上述测试结果，计算深层局部待测组织的氧饱 和度 rS02， 显示并保存。 其中， 步骤 S2包括以下子步骤： In step S3, the oxygen saturation rS0 2 of the deep local tissue to be measured is calculated according to the above test results, displayed and saved. Step S2 includes the following sub-steps:
1 )把同一检测周期内但不同检测距离下检测到的光密度值相减求  1) Subtract the optical density values detected in the same detection period but at different detection distances
AODi = ΟΌ2 λ' - ΟΌλ'， AODi = ΟΌ 2 λ '-ΟΌ λ ',
△OD = OD3 Xj - OD^， △ OD = OD 3 Xj -OD ^,
其中， j=l， 2， 分别表示不同的波长， 即 、 2分别表示不同波 长下的光波波长： Among them, j = 1, 2 respectively represent different wavelengths, that is, 2 respectively represent light wavelengths at different wavelengths:
Δ02 表示第 2个光源发出的其波长为 j的光的光密度值与第 1 个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的光密度值之差；  Δ02 represents the difference between the optical density value of light of wavelength j emitted by the second light source and the optical density value of light of wavelength λ ″ · emitted by the first light source;
ΔΟΖ^·表示第 3个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的光密度值与第 2 个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的光密度值之差；  ΔΟZ ^ · represents the difference between the optical density value of the light of the wavelength λ ″ · emitted by the third light source and the optical density value of the light of the wavelength λ ″ · emitted by the second light source;
2 ) 用以下公式用算出深层局部待测组织的氧饱和度 rS02: 2) Use the following formula to calculate the oxygen saturation rS0 2 of the deep local tissue to be measured:
ΔΟΡ ΔΟΡ^' ΔΟΡ^ ΔΟΡ ΔΟΡ ^ 'ΔΟΡ ^
rS02 = C( -)2 + Β, ( -) + Β2 (. -) + Α rS0 2 = C (-) 2 + Β, (-) + Β 2 (.-) + Α
ΔΟϋ: AOD ΑΟΌ 其中： C: 0.16-0.25； Β, : -1.66—2.5 , Β2: -0.13—0.25； A: 1.8-2.7. 下面， 参考图 4B， 说明根据本发明用于检测局部组织氧合血红 蛋白和还原血红蛋白的浓度的方法。 图 4B是描述根据本发明的用于 检测局部组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白浓度之方法的流程图。 ΔΟϋ: AOD ΑΟΌ wherein: C: 0.16-0.25; Β,: -1.66-2.5, Β 2: -0.13-0.25; A: 1.8-2.7. Next, a method for detecting the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in a local tissue according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4B. FIG. 4B is a flowchart describing a method for detecting the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in a local tissue according to the present invention.
首先，在新生儿不吸氧且处于安静状态时，按如下步骤检测组织 氧饱和度 rS02(tQ)， 包括子步骤： First, when the newborn is not breathing and is in a quiet state, the tissue oxygen saturation rS0 2 (t Q ) is detected as follows, including sub-steps:
(1.1 )把三个光源 1， 2和 3固定在待测组织表面的三个不同位  (1.1) Fix three light sources 1, 2 and 3 to three different positions on the surface of the tissue to be measured
( 1.2)在微控制器控制下驱动各光源顺序发光， 并依次利用光电 检测器 4测量各个光源发出的光经过待侧人体局部组织漫射之后的 光强值（步骤 Sll )。 (1.2) Drive each light source to emit light sequentially under the control of the microcontroller, and sequentially measure the light intensity value of the light emitted by each light source through the local tissue of the human body to be diffused using the photodetector 4 (step S11).
(1.3)利用下述光密度值公式计算离光电检测器不同检测距离下 的光密度值 ODk (步骤 S12):
Figure imgf000015_0001
2， 3， 表示三个不同光源的下标； (1.3) Use the following optical density value formula to calculate the optical density value OD k at different detection distances from the photodetector (step S12):
Figure imgf000015_0001
2, 3, subscripts for three different light sources;
^为不同位置的光源发出的光经过人体组织散射之后的光强值， Ik为三个光源出射的光强。 ^ Is the light intensity value of light emitted by light sources at different positions after being scattered by human tissue, and I k is the light intensity emitted by the three light sources.
( 1.4 )把同一检测周期内但不同检测距离下检测到的光密度值相 减求差：  (1.4) Subtract the optical density values detected in the same detection period but at different detection distances to find the difference:
ΑΟΌ^ = OD^' - ΟΌ^ ,  ΑΟΌ ^ = OD ^ '-ΟΌ ^,
ΑΟΌ^' = OD3 ' - ΟΏ^ , ΑΟΌ ^ '= OD 3' - ΟΏ ^,
其中， j=l， 2, 分别表示不同的波长， 即 λ 2分别表示不同波 长下的光波波长-Among them, j = 1, 2, respectively represent different wavelengths, that is, λ 2 respectively represent light wavelengths at different wavelengths −
ΔΟΰ2 λ '表示第 1个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的光密度值与第 1 个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的光密度值之差； ΔΟ ΰ2 λ 'represents the difference between the optical density value of the light of the wavelength λ ″ · emitted by the first light source and the optical density value of the light of the wavelength λ ″ · emitted by the first light source;
ΔΟΙ^表示第 3个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的光密度值与第 个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的光密度值之差；  ΔΟΙ ^ represents the difference between the optical density value of light having a wavelength of λ ″ · emitted by the third light source and the optical density value of light having a wavelength of λ ″ · emitted by the third light source;
( 1.5 ) 用以下公式算出深层局部待测组织的氧饱和度 rS02 (步骤 S14) ：
Figure imgf000016_0001
(1.5) Use the following formula to calculate the oxygen saturation of the deep local tissue to be measured rS0 2 (step S14):
Figure imgf000016_0001
Β2: -0.13—0.25； A: 1.8〜2.7。 Β 2 : -0.13-0.25; A: 1.8 to 2.7.
然后， 让新生儿吸氧一段时间， 再用上述步骤检测、 计算并纪录 rS02(ti) (步骤 Sll， S12， S13和 S14)。 Then, the newborn is allowed to inhale oxygen for a period of time, and rS0 2 (ti) is detected, calculated, and recorded using the above steps (steps S11, S12, S13, and S14).
然后， 吸氧一段时间 （60秒）后停止供氧， 再经一段时间， 用上 述的步骤检测、 计算并纪录 rS02， 终止检测 （步骤 S15和 S16) . 最后， 利用计算出局部组织氧合血红蛋白 [Hb02]和还原血红蛋白 的浓度 [Hb] (步骤 S16)， 其中该步骤包括以下子步骤： Then, the oxygen supply is stopped after a period of time (60 seconds), and after a period of time, rS0 2 is detected, calculated and recorded using the above steps, and the detection is terminated (steps S15 and S16). Finally, the local tissue oxygenation is calculated by using The concentration of hemoglobin [Hb0 2 ] and the reduced hemoglobin [Hb] (step S16), wherein this step includes the following sub-steps:
检测血氧状态随时间变化过程中， 两个相邻采样间隔的光密度值 Οϋλι之差Detect the difference between the optical density values of two adjacent sampling intervals Οϋ λι during the change of blood oxygen state with time
Figure imgf000016_0002
Figure imgf000016_0002
其中， OD^和 OD^分别为波长为 时， 在 t时刻及其后的 t+1时刻 的光密度值之差； Where OD ^ and OD ^ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is;
血氧状态随时间变化过程中， 两个相邻采样时刻下， 合氧血红 蛋白的浓度变化是 ΔΗ¾02、 还原血红蛋白浓度变化是 AHb和血量 变化 ΔΒν， 可用以下公式算出：  During the change of blood oxygen state with time, the concentration change of oxygenated hemoglobin at two adjacent sampling moments is ΔΗ¾02, the change of reduced hemoglobin concentration is AHb, and the change in blood volume ΔΒν can be calculated by the following formula:
△Hb02 =a,AOD}' -a2AODj2 △ Hb0 2 = a, AOD} '-a 2 AODj 2
AHb =α3ΔΟϋ}' - 4ΔΟϋ}2 AHb = α 3 ΔΟϋ} ' -4 ΔΟϋ} 2
ABV=AHb02+AHb  ABV = AHb02 + AHb
其中 ai-oc4为常数但与波长有关的， Where ai- oc 4 is constant but wavelength dependent,
波长为入 下， a!为 -1.6 2.5， 3为 2.6-3.85； The wavelength is below, a! Is -1.6 2.5, 3 is 2.6-3.85;
波长为 λ2下， a2为 -2.5~-3.6， a4为 0.6〜1.6 At a wavelength of λ 2 , a 2 is -2.5 ~ -3.6, a 4 is 0.6 ~ 1.6
然后， 根据下列公式， 计算出局部组织氧合血红蛋白 [Hb02]和还 原血红蛋白的浓度 [Hb]: rS02(to ) = [廳
Figure imgf000017_0001
Then, the local tissue oxygenated hemoglobin [Hb0 2 ] and the reduced hemoglobin concentration [Hb] are calculated according to the following formula : rS02 ( to) = [hall
Figure imgf000017_0001
[Hb02 (t,.)] = [磨 2 0) + A b02 ] [Hb0 2 (t ,.)] = [grind 2 0 ) + A b0 2 ]
H0(t,)] = [H0(t。） +鳩]  H0 (t,)] = [H0 (t.) + Dove]
其中前两个公式中 rS02(tQ)、 rS02(ti)、 AHb02、 AHb均已知， 只有 Hb02(t。)、 Hb(tQ)两个变量，可将它们解算出来（此处 Hb02(t。)、 Hb(to) 应该用公式表达出来）。 Among the first two formulas, rS0 2 (t Q ), rS0 2 (ti), AHb0 2 , and AHb are all known. There are only two variables: Hb0 2 (t.) And Hb (t Q ), which can be calculated by solving them. (Here Hb0 2 (t.), Hb (to) should be expressed by formula).
下面， 参考图 4C， 说明根据本发明用于检测人体组织血氧饱和 度 rS02的方法。 图 4C是描述根据本发明的用于检测代表人体组织 血氧代谢能力的参数 oxy值之方法的流程图； Next, a method for detecting the blood oxygen saturation rS0 2 of a human tissue according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4C. 4C is a flowchart describing a method for detecting a parameter oxy value representing a blood oxygen metabolism capacity of human tissue according to the present invention;
根据本发明， 在一定运动负荷下检测的氧合血红蛋白变化量（△ Hb02) 与还原血红蛋白变化量 （△!¾)和心率的改变作为可以评定 肌肉组织氧代谢能力的参数， 这个参数用 oxy表示。 According to the present invention, changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (ΔHb0 2 ), reduced hemoglobin (Δ! ¾), and heart rate detected under a certain exercise load are used as parameters that can evaluate the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue. This parameter uses oxy Means.
首先， 根据测试的对象和测试的部位， 用超声方法测定外层组织 厚度，并且根据外层组织的厚度从 3个光源中择定一个与光电检测器 的距离为 d的光源 （步骤 S21、 S22和 S23)。  First, the thickness of the outer tissue is measured by an ultrasonic method according to the test object and the test site, and a light source with a distance d from the photodetector is selected from three light sources according to the thickness of the outer tissue (steps S21, S22 And S23).
然后， 测试对象在功率自行车上静止 1 分钟,用通用的心率计测 试心率 HR并记录 A BV的基线值（步骤 S24), 经以下步骤检测并计 算出 A BV;  Then, the test subject stands still on the power bicycle for 1 minute, measures the heart rate HR with a universal heart rate meter and records the baseline value of A BV (step S24), and detects and calculates A BV through the following steps;
1 )检测在已选定的发光管与光电接收管的中心距离下光密度值  1) Detect the optical density value at the center distance between the selected light-emitting tube and the photoelectric receiving tube
Figure imgf000017_0002
Figure imgf000017_0002
其中， Ik为光源功率， ^是入射光经过生物组织散射之后， 光 电接收管收到的光功率。 度值 OD 之差 Δ OD^ ,Among them, I k is the power of the light source, and ^ is the light power received by the photoelectric receiving tube after the incident light is scattered by the biological tissue. Degree difference OD Δ OD ^,
Figure imgf000018_0001
Figure imgf000018_0001
其中， OD^和 OD^分别为波长为 时， 在 t时刻及其后的 t+1时刻 的光密度值之差； Where OD ^ and OD ^ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is;
3) 血氧状态随时间变化过程中， 两个相邻采样时刻下， 合氧血 红蛋白的浓度变化是 ΔΗ )2、 还原血红蛋白浓度变化是 AHb和血 量变化 ABV， 可用以下公式算出： 3) During the change of blood oxygen state with time, the change of the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin at two adjacent sampling moments is ΔΗ) 2. The change of reduced hemoglobin concentration is AHb and blood volume change ABV, which can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure imgf000018_0002
Figure imgf000018_0002
AHb = 3AOD}' - 4ΑΟΌ 2 AHb = 3 AOD} ' -4 ΑΟΌ 2
ABV=AHb02+AHb  ABV = AHb02 + AHb
其中 ai-a4为常数但与波长有关的， Where ai -a 4 is constant but related to wavelength,
波长为入1下 Wavelength is under 1
a,为 -1.6〜- 2.5,  a, -1.6 ~-2.5,
a3为 2.6~3.85 a 3 is 2.6 ~ 3.85
波长为入2下 Wavelength is 2 times
a2为 -2.5〜- 3.6，a 2 is -2.5 ~-3.6,
4为 0.6~1.6  4 is 0.6 ~ 1.6
为了得到评定肌肉血氧代谢的动态参数， 受试者按每级 50W做 负荷递增运动， 记录每级负荷下运动过程的 ABV的值， 同步记录每 级负荷下心率 HR;  In order to obtain the dynamic parameters of assessing muscle blood oxygen metabolism, the subjects performed load-increasing exercise at 50W per level, recorded the ABV value of the exercise process under each level of load, and simultaneously recorded the heart rate HR under each level of load;
最后， 计算出每级负荷 ABV 的改变量 ABVj ，计算出每级负荷 Finally, calculate the change amount ABVj of each stage load ABVj, and calculate the load of each stage
AHR的改变量 ΔΗ ，以及计算出代表组织血氧代谢能力的参数 oxy;
Figure imgf000018_0003
The amount of change in AHR Δoxy, and the parameter oxy representing the oxygen metabolism capacity of the tissue is calculated;
Figure imgf000018_0003
j表示运动负荷的级数  j represents the level of exercise load
下面， 参考图 5， 6和 7， 说明根据本发明的检测装置。 图 5显示 了根据本发明的检测装置的电路框图。图 6显示根据本发明的光电检 测器的外观视图。 图 7是显示根据的本发明的检测装置的外观图。 如图 5所示， 装置由光电检测器 11、 前置放大电路 16、 A/D转换 器 18、 嵌入式微控制器 12， 外部 SRAM 15、 液晶显示器 14和触摸屏 13组成系统。 优选地， 微控制器 12采用 AT89C52 , 采用的光电检测 器 0PUS16为硅光电池， 液晶显示器 14分辨率为 320*240， 以及一个 1024*1024的触摸屏。根据本发明的检测装置含有三个光源 1， 2和 3、 单个光电检测器 4、以及经三路发光的二极管驱动电路 11与各光源 1、 2和 3相连的微控制器 12; 其中， 微处理器 12又依次经过相互连接 的 A/D转换器 19、采样保持电路 18、前置放大器 17和光电检测器 1 输出端相连。 Hereinafter, a detection device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7. Fig. 5 shows a circuit block diagram of a detection device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 shows an external view of a photodetector according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is an external view showing a detection device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the device is composed of a photodetector 11, a preamplifier circuit 16, an A / D converter 18, an embedded microcontroller 12, an external SRAM 15, a liquid crystal display 14, and a touch screen 13. Preferably, the microcontroller 12 uses AT89C52, the photo detector OPUS16 used is a silicon photocell, the liquid crystal display 14 has a resolution of 320 * 240, and a 1024 * 1024 touch screen. The detection device according to the present invention includes three light sources 1, 2 and 3, a single photodetector 4, and a microcontroller 12 connected to each of the light sources 1, 2 and 3 via a three-way light emitting diode driving circuit 11; wherein, micro The processor 12 is connected in turn through the A / D converter 19, the sample-and-hold circuit 18, the preamplifier 17, and the photodetector 1 output terminal connected to each other.
如图 6所示， 三个光源 1， 2和 3分布在与光电检测器 4不同的 距离， 并且与光电检测器 4成线性排列。本发明根据在不同位置上测 到的多个光密度值，并经过对其进行给出的经验公式进行代数运算得 到局部区域的组织氧饱和度。  As shown in FIG. 6, the three light sources 1, 2 and 3 are distributed at different distances from the photodetector 4 and are linearly arranged with the photodetector 4. The present invention obtains tissue oxygen saturation in a local area based on a plurality of optical density values measured at different positions and performs algebraic operations on the empirical formulas given to them.
如图 7所示，探头 8将插头 9连至仪器 10上， 13为液晶触摸屏， 12为复位按钮。  As shown in Figure 7, the probe 8 connects the plug 9 to the instrument 10, 13 is the LCD touch screen, and 12 is the reset button.
在优选实施例中， 光源用 3个 LED与 1个 OPUS在不同的距离上 (成一条线， LED分别）， 3个 LED分别与光电检测器 OPUS 4相距 20腿、 30 匪、 40腿。 由光电检测器 OPUS 4检测光强变化。 硅光电池 OPUS 连至前置放大器 TLC27L4, 微控制器 AT89C52控制采样保持器 LF398 工作并启动 A/D TLC2543转换， 对转换结果读取并记录采样值。 微控 制器驱动光源 LS发光，并将由 OPUS检测值的 A/D转换值保存到存储 芯片 6264,上述优点： 通道的一致性很好， 使数据有可比性。  In a preferred embodiment, the light source uses 3 LEDs and 1 OPUS at different distances (in a line, and the LEDs are separate), and the 3 LEDs are 20 legs, 30 bands, and 40 legs from the photodetector OPUS 4, respectively. The photodetector OPUS 4 detects changes in light intensity. The silicon photocell OPUS is connected to the preamplifier TLC27L4, and the microcontroller AT89C52 controls the sample-and-hold LF398 to work and start the A / D TLC2543 conversion. The conversion result is read and recorded. The micro-controller drives the light source LS to emit light, and saves the A / D conversion value detected by OPUS to the memory chip 6264. The above advantages: The consistency of the channel is very good, making the data comparable.
本发明中装置中的探头中有 3个 LED。 在整个组织中， 由于生物 组织的吸收有一定的特征，只有选择合适的波长，才能较好地计算出 局部组织氧饱和度和血氧浓度改变。不同组织的检测中波长选择有些 不同， 肌肉血氧检测 700/880nm， 头部的 780nm/840 nm， 我们使用的 是 700/880、 780nm/840 nm组件 LED。 为了对生物组织不产生任何伤 害， LED的光功率应小于 10ml There are three LEDs in the probe in the device of the present invention. In the whole tissue, because the absorption of biological tissue has certain characteristics, only by selecting an appropriate wavelength can the local tissue oxygen saturation and blood oxygen concentration change be better calculated. In different tissues, the wavelength selection is slightly different. The muscle blood oxygen detection is 700 / 880nm and the head is 780nm / 840 nm. We use 700/880 and 780nm / 840 nm component LEDs. In order not to cause any damage to biological tissues Damage, LED light power should be less than 10ml
通过上述对本发明方法和结构之说明， 系统信号流程可归纳为： ( 1 )微控制器向 LS驱动单元发出控制信号， 3个 LED顺序发光（2) 光经组织 （图 2中的 5ΊΊ、 6Τ2、 7Τ3) 从检测部位出射 （3 ) OPUS检 测光强连至前置放大器（4) 1路采样保持器对信号采样保持， A/D转 换器进行转换， 由微控制器控制将转换结果读入 SRAM保存。 （5) 由 微控制器中计算并显示局部组织氧饱和度 rS02。  Through the above description of the method and structure of the present invention, the system signal flow can be summarized as: (1) the microcontroller sends a control signal to the LS drive unit, 3 LEDs emit light in sequence; (2) the light is organized (5ΊΊ, 6Τ2 in Figure 2) 7T3) Emitted from the detection site (3) OPUS detection light intensity is connected to the preamplifier (4) 1 sample-and-hold sample and hold the signal, the A / D converter performs conversion, and the conversion result is read by the microcontroller Saved in SRAM. (5) The local tissue oxygen saturation rS02 is calculated and displayed by the microcontroller.
在微控制器中计算 3个距离上的 0D值，利用公式，解算出 rS02。 图 8A是显示利用本发明检测方法检测的正常婴儿的 rS02结果的 曲线图；图 8B是显示利用本发明检测方法检测的患儿 rS02结果的曲 线图；图 8C是显示利用本发明检测方法测试血液模型 rS02结果的曲 线图；图 8D是利用现有技术中的检测方法测试血液模型 rS02结果的 曲线图。  Calculate the 0D value at three distances in the microcontroller, and use the formula to calculate rS02. FIG. 8A is a graph showing rS02 results of a normal baby detected by the detection method of the present invention; FIG. 8B is a graph showing rS02 results of a child detected by the detection method of the present invention; A graph of the rS02 results of the model; FIG. 8D is a graph of the results of testing the rS02 of the blood model using the detection methods in the prior art.
利用本发明测试正常婴儿和患脑病的婴儿在安静状态下， 组织氧 饱和度的基础值；血液模型中的有外层组织时利用本发明检测的血氧 饱和度变化值和公开号 US005632273A 使用的方法的对比， US005632273A使用的方法在检测范围有限， 为 18%- 98%， 如图 8A-8B 所示。 '  Use the present invention to test the basic value of tissue oxygen saturation in normal infants and infants with encephalopathy in a quiet state; the blood oxygen saturation change value detected by the present invention when there is an outer layer tissue in a blood model and used in publication No. Comparison of methods. The method used in US005632273A has a limited detection range, ranging from 18% to 98%, as shown in Figures 8A-8B. '
利用本发明测试正常婴儿和患脑病的婴儿在安静状态下吸氧过 程， 组织氧饱和度和变化过程。 经过 Aspin-Welch检验正常与患儿差 异显著（P <0.005)。计算出安静状态下正常婴儿的头局部（测试部位 为前额） 的血红蛋白为 89 ii mol/L， 结果如图 9A-9B所示.  The invention is used to test the oxygen inhalation process, tissue oxygen saturation and change process of normal infants and infants with encephalopathy in a quiet state. After Aspin-Welch test, the difference between normal and children was significant (P <0.005). Calculate the hemoglobin of the normal baby's head (the test site is the forehead) in the quiet state is 89 ii mol / L, and the results are shown in Figures 9A-9B.
检测了递增负荷运动下的血氧参数，获得综合血氧参数 oxy。 所施 加负荷通过功率自行车的设定装置设置， 采用 0-50 W-100W的递增 负荷， 结果如图 10所示。  The blood oxygen parameters under increasing load exercise were detected to obtain the comprehensive blood oxygen parameter oxy. The applied load is set by the setting device of the power bicycle, and an incremental load of 0-50 W-100W is used, and the result is shown in FIG. 10.
可领域技术人员可以理解， 可发明也可以采用三个以上的光源， 一获得更高精度。 尽管结合目前被认为是最实用的和优选的实施例描述了本发明， 但是， 应该理解的是： 本发明并不局限所公开的实施例， 相反， 本发 明企图覆盖包括在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种修改和等效 设置。 It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention can also use more than three light sources, and one can obtain higher accuracy. Although the present invention has been described in connection with what is currently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather, the present invention is intended to cover the embodiments included in the appended claims. Various modifications and equivalent settings within the spirit and scope.

Claims

权 利 要 求 Rights request
1、 一种用于检测人体局部组织血氧饱和度的方法， 该方法包括 以下步骤：  1. A method for detecting blood oxygen saturation in a local tissue of a human body, the method comprising the following steps:
使位于人体局部组织上不同位置处的至少三个光源依次发光； 利用位于人体局部组织上的一个光电检测器，分别检测从所述至 少三个光源发出的光经人体局部组织漫射后的光强值； 以及  Causing at least three light sources located at different positions on the human body tissue to sequentially emit light; using a photodetector located on the human body tissue to detect light emitted from the at least three light sources after being diffused by the human body tissue Strong value; and
对所述光强值进行处理， 以获得人体局部组织的血氧饱和度。  The light intensity value is processed to obtain a blood oxygen saturation level of a local tissue of a human body.
2、 根据权利要求 1的方法， 其中， 所述至少三个光源与所述光 电检测器处于同一直线上，并且所述光电检测器位于所述至少三个光 源的同一侧。 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least three light sources are on the same straight line as the photodetector, and the photodetectors are located on the same side of the at least three light sources.
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 所述至少三个光源分别 发出红光和近红外光。 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least three light sources emit red light and near-infrared light, respectively.
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 所述至少三个光源依次 在小于 0. 5ms的时间间隔内顺序发光。 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least three light sources sequentially emit light sequentially within a time interval of less than 0.5 ms.
5、 根据权利要求 1-4任意一个的方法， 其中， 光源是发光二极 管。 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the light source is a light emitting diode.
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 在处理所述光强值步骤 中， 根据检测的光强值， 使用下列公式计算光密度值 ODk: 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, in the step of processing the light intensity value, based on the detected light intensity value, the optical density value OD k is calculated using the following formula :
ODk=log , 其中， k=l、 2、 3、 …表示不同的光源； OD k = log, Where k = l, 2, 3,… represents different light sources;
Ikr为不同光源发出的光经人体局部组织漫射后由光电检测器检测 到的强度值， I kr is the intensity value detected by the photodetector after the light emitted from different light sources is diffused by the local tissue of the human body.
Ik为不同光源发射的光的强度值。 I k is the intensity value of light emitted by different light sources.
7、根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其中， 光源为三个光源， 每个光 源分别发出两种不同波长的光， 并且还包括步骤： 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the light sources are three light sources, and each light source emits light of two different wavelengths, respectively, further comprising the step of:
将同一检测周期内相对于不同光源检测的光密度值相减： 即 ΑΟΌ^ = OD"j _ OD j， Subtract the optical density values detected by different light sources in the same detection cycle: ΑΟΌ ^ = OD " j _ OD j ,
ΔΟϋ^ = ΟΌ3 λ' - ODjj , ΔΟϋ ^ = ΟΌ 3 λ '-ODj j ,
其中， j= 2分别表示不同的波长的下标， 即 、 λ2分别表示不 同波长： Among them, j = 2 respectively represents the subscripts of different wavelengths, that is, λ 2 represents different wavelengths:
AOD^表示第 2个光源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的密度值与第 1个光 源发出的其波长为 λ』的光的密度值之差；  AOD ^ represents the difference between the density value of light with a wavelength of λ ″ · emitted by the second light source and the density value of light with a wavelength of λ ″ emitted by the first light source;
AOD^表示第 3个光源发出的其波长为 的光的密度值与第 2个光 源发出的其波长为 λ』的光的密度值之差； 以及  AOD ^ represents the difference between the density value of light having a wavelength of and emitted by the third light source and the density value of light having a wavelength of λ ′ emitted by the second light source; and
通过下列公式计算待测人体局部组织的血氧饱和度 rS02 :
Figure imgf000023_0001
其中： A、 B B2和 C为待定常数， 其取值分别为 C: 0.16-0.25； Βι : -1.66—2.5； B2: -0.13〜- 0.25 ; A: 1.8~2·7。 The blood oxygen saturation rS0 2 of the human body tissue to be measured is calculated by the following formula :
Figure imgf000023_0001
Among them: A, BB 2 and C are undetermined constants, and their values are C: 0.16-0.25; Β ι: -1.66—2.5; B 2 : -0.13 ~-0.25; A: 1.8 ~ 2 · 7.
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 将相邻光源的中心距设 置在 5mm-10匪之间， 以及将所述光电检测器与各光源的中心距设置 在 30- 50讓之间。 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the center distance between adjacent light sources is set between 5 mm and 10 mm, and the center distance between the photodetector and each light source is set between 30 and 50 mm. .
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 在外层组织为脂肪层的 情况下，在检测肌肉血氧参数而脂肪厚度大于 15mm时，将光电检测 器与光源的中心距设置为至少 50mm， 否则至少 40mm。 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in a case where the outer tissue is a fat layer, when detecting the blood oxygen parameter of the muscle and the fat thickness is greater than 15 mm, the center distance between the photodetector and the light source is set to at least 50 mm, Otherwise at least 40mm.
10、一种用于检测人体局部组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白的 方法， 该方法包括以下步骤： 10. A method for detecting oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in a local tissue of a human body, the method comprising the following steps:
在待测人体不吸氧并且处于安静状态时，利用权利要求 1的方法， 检测人体局部组织血氧饱和度 rSO2(t0); When the human body to be measured does not inhale oxygen and is in a quiet state, the method of claim 1 is used to detect the blood oxygen saturation rSO 2 (t 0 ) in the local tissue of the human body ;
在待测人体吸氧一段时间后， 利用权利要求 1的方法， 检测人体 局部组织血氧饱和度 rS02(ti); After a period of inhalation of oxygen in the human body to be measured, the method of claim 1 is used to detect the blood oxygen saturation rS0 2 (ti) in the local tissue of the human body ;
, 在待测人体吸氧一段时间后停止供氧， 再经一段时间后， 利用 ί又 利要求 1的方法， 检测人体局部组织血氧饱和度； 以及  Stopping the oxygen supply of the human body to be tested after a period of oxygen inhalation, and after a period of time, using the method of claim 1 to detect the blood oxygen saturation of the local tissue; and
处理在上述步骤得到的结果， 以获得人体局部组织氧合血红蛋白 和还原血红蛋白的浓度。  The results obtained in the above steps are processed to obtain the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in the local tissue of the human body.
11、根据权利要求 10所述的方法， 其中， 在检测人体局部组织血 氧饱和度中， 使用下列公式计算光密度值 ODk:： 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, in detecting the blood oxygen saturation of the human local tissue, the following formula is used to calculate the optical density value OD k :
ODk=log^ , 其中， k=l、 2、 3、 ...表示多个不同光源； OD k = log ^, where k = l, 2, 3, ... represent multiple different light sources;
Ikr为不同位置的光源发出的光经待侧人体局部组织漫射之后由光 电检测器检测到的漫射光的光强度值， I kr is the light intensity value of the diffused light detected by the photodetector after the light emitted by the light sources at different positions is diffused by the local human tissue.
Ik为多个光源发射的发射光的光强度值； I k is a light intensity value of the emitted light emitted by multiple light sources;
12、根据权利要求 11所述的方法， 其中， 在检测人体局部组织血 氧饱和度中，光源为三个光源，每个光源分别发出两种不同波长的光， 并且还包括步骤： 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, in detecting the blood oxygen saturation of the local tissue of the human body, the light sources are three light sources, and each light source emits light of two different wavelengths, respectively. It also includes steps:
将同一检测周期内相对于不同光源检测的光密度值相减： 即 Subtract the optical density values detected by different light sources in the same detection cycle:
ΑΟΌ^ = ΟΌλ 2 ! - OD j， ΑΟΌ ^ = ΟΌ λ 2 ! -OD j ,
ΔΟϋ^' = OD ' - OD '，  ΔΟϋ ^ '= OD'-OD ',
其中， j=l， 2, 分别表示不同的波长的下标， 即 、 2分别表示 不同波长： Among them, j = 1, 2, respectively represent subscripts of different wavelengths, that is, 2 respectively represent different wavelengths:
表示第 2个光源发出的其波长为 λ』的光的密度值与第 1个光 源发出的其波长为 λ」·的光的密度值之差；  Represents the difference between the density value of light with a wavelength of λ ″ emitted by the second light source and the density value of light with a wavelength of λ ″ · emitted by the first light source;
AOD^表示第 3个光源发出的其波长为 λ』的光的密度值与第 2个光 源发出的其波长为 λ」的光的密度值之差； 以及  AOD ^ represents the difference between the density value of light having a wavelength λ ″ emitted by the third light source and the density value of light having a wavelength λ ″ emitted by the second light source; and
通过下列公式计算出待测人体局部组织的血氧饱和度 rS02:
Figure imgf000025_0001
其中： A、 B2和 C为待定常数， 其取值分别为 C: 0.16-0.25； Β, : -1.66〜- 2.5 ; Β2: -0.13-0.25； Α: 1.8〜2·7。 The blood oxygen saturation rS0 of the human body tissue to be measured is calculated by the following formula 2:
Figure imgf000025_0001
Among them: A, B 2 and C are undetermined constants, and their values are C: 0.16-0.25; Β,: -1.66 ~-2.5; Β 2 : -0.13-0.25; Α: 1.8 ~ 2 · 7.
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的方法， 还包括步骤： 13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising the steps:
计算血氧状态随时间变化过程中，两个相邻采样间隔的光密度值 OD 之差： Calculate the difference between the optical density values OD of two adjacent sampling intervals during the change of blood oxygen state over time:
Figure imgf000025_0002
Figure imgf000025_0002
其中， OD^和 OD^分别为波长为 时， 在 t时刻及其后的 t+1时刻 的光密度值之差； Where OD ^ and OD ^ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is;
利用下式计算血氧状态随时间变化过程中， 两个相邻采样时刻 下，合氧血红蛋白的浓度变化 A Hb02、还原血红蛋白浓度变化 A Hb 和血量变化 A BV:  The following formula is used to calculate the change in blood oxygen state over time. At two adjacent sampling times, the change in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin A Hb02, the change in the concentration of reduced hemoglobin A Hb, and the change in blood volume A BV:
AHb0 = ΛΟΌ^ - α,ΔΟϋ AHb =α3ΔΟϋ}' -α4ΔΟϋ}2 AHb0 = ΛΟΌ ^-α, ΔΟϋ AHb = α 3 ΔΟϋ} '-α 4 ΔΟϋ} 2
ABV=AHb02+AHb  ABV = AHb02 + AHb
其中 αι-α4为待定常数， 并与波长有关的， Where αι -α 4 are undetermined constants and are wavelength dependent,
波长为 下： 0^为-1.6〜- 2.5， α3为 2.6~3.85 The wavelength is below: 0 ^ is -1.6 ~-2.5, α 3 is 2.6 ~ 3.85
波长为 λ2下： α2为 -2.5~-3.6， α4¾ 0.6-1.6； 以及 At a wavelength of λ 2 : α 2 is -2.5 ~ -3.6, α 4 ¾ 0.6-1.6; and
利用下列公式得出人体局部组织氧合血红蛋白 HbO2(t(和还原血 红蛋白的浓度 Hb(to): Use the following formula to obtain the human body tissue oxygenated hemoglobin HbO 2 (t (and the reduced hemoglobin concentration Hb (to) :
■S02M= [ 響 S02 M = [ring
[Hb02(t0)] + [Hb(to)] [Hb0 2 (t 0 )] + [Hb (to)]
[HbO2(t0) + AHbQ2] [HbO 2 (t 0 ) + AHbQ 2 ]
rS02(t^.  rS02 (t ^.
[HbO2(t0) + AHb02] + [Hb(t0) + AHb]
Figure imgf000026_0001
[HbO 2 (t 0 ) + AHb0 2 ] + [Hb (t 0 ) + AHb]
Figure imgf000026_0001
Hb(ti)] = [Hb(tQ) + AHb] Hb (t i )] = [Hb (t Q ) + AHb]
14、一种用于检测肌肉组织氧代谢能力的方法，该方法包括以下 步骤： 14. A method for detecting the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue, the method comprising the following steps:
在检测对象在功率自行车上静止一段时间后，检测心率 HR并且 检测血量变化 ABV;  After the test subject is stationary on the power bicycle for a period of time, the heart rate HR is detected and the blood volume change ABV is detected;
使检测对象做负荷递增运动， 利用权利要求 10 的方法， 检测肌 肉组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白；  Make the test subject perform load increasing exercise, and use the method of claim 10 to detect oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin of muscle tissue;
根据上述肌肉组织氧合血红蛋白和还原血红蛋白检测结果， 计算 每级负荷下运动过程的血量变化值 ABVj, 同时检测每级负荷下心率 HR; 以及  Calculate the blood volume change value ABVj during exercise at each load based on the above-mentioned test results of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin in the muscle tissue, and measure the heart rate HR at each load; and
计算出每级负荷下的心率变化 ΔΗ ， 按下式得到作为评定肌肉 组织氧代谢能力的参数 oxy; ABV, Calculate the heart rate change ΔΗ under each load, and use the following formula to obtain the parameter oxy as the oxygen metabolism capacity of muscle tissue; ABV,
oxy =  oxy =
鍵; j表示运动负荷的级数  Key; j represents the series of exercise load
15、根据权利要求 14的方法， 其中， 检测血量变化的步骤包括: 检测外层组织的厚度； 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the step of detecting a change in blood volume comprises: detecting a thickness of the outer tissue;
根据检测的外层组织的厚度， 选择多个光源之一；  Select one of a plurality of light sources according to the thickness of the detected outer tissue;
检测从选择的光源发射的光经过待侧人体局部组织漫射之后光 强值；  Detecting the light intensity value of the light emitted from the selected light source after diffused by the local human tissue;
利用检测的光强值， 计算选择的光源与光电检测器的中心距离下 的光密度值；  Use the detected light intensity value to calculate the optical density value at the center distance between the selected light source and the photodetector;
检测血氧状态随时间变化过程中，两个相邻采样间隔的光密度值 Οϋλί之差 Δ ODjXi
Figure imgf000027_0001
The difference between the optical density values of two adjacent sampling intervals Ο 血 λί during the change of blood oxygen state with time Δ ODj Xi
Figure imgf000027_0001
其中， OD^和 OD^分别为波长为 时， 在 t时刻及其后的 t+1时刻 的光密度值之差； 以及 Where OD ^ and OD ^ are respectively the difference in optical density values at time t and time t + 1 after the wavelength is; and
利用下列公式， 在血氧状态随时间变化过程中， 两个相邻采样 时刻下， 计算合氧血红蛋白的浓度变化 A Hb02、 还原血红蛋白浓度 变化 A Hb和血量变化 A BV,  Using the following formula, during the change of blood oxygen state with time, at two adjacent sampling moments, calculate the change in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration A Hb02, change in reduced hemoglobin concentration A Hb, and blood volume change A BV,
△Hb02 = α,ΔΟϋ}1 - 2ΑΟΌ 2 △ Hb0 2 = α, ΔΟϋ} 1 - 2 ΑΟΌ 2
AHb = a3AOD}' - 4AOD}2 AHb = a 3 AOD} ' -4 AOD} 2
△ BV= A Hb02+ A Hb  △ BV = A Hb02 + A Hb
其中 ai-a4为待定常数， 并与波长有关的， Where ai -a 4 is the undetermined constant and is related to the wavelength,
波长为 下: (^为-1.6~-2.5， a3为 2.6~3.85 The wavelength is below: (^ is -1.6 ~ -2.5, a 3 is 2.6 ~ 3.85
波长为 λ 2下： α2为 -2.5〜- 3.6， α4为 0.6~1.6。 At a wavelength of λ 2 : α 2 is -2.5 to -3.6, and α 4 is 0.6 to 1.6.
16、根据权利要求 15所述的方法，其中，使用下述公式计算 ODk: ，16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the OD k is calculated using the following formula : ,
Figure imgf000028_0001
2， 3， 表示多个不同光源；
Figure imgf000028_0001
2, 3, indicating multiple different light sources;
Ikr为不同的光源发出的光经过局部待侧组织散射之后由光电检测 器检测到的散射光的光强度值， I kr is the light intensity value of the scattered light detected by the photodetector after the light emitted by different light sources is scattered by the local tissue on the side,
Ik为多个光源发射的发射光的光强度值。 I k is a light intensity value of emitted light emitted by a plurality of light sources.
17、 根据权利要求 15的方法， 其中， 用超声波方法检测外层组 织的厚度。 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the thickness of the outer layer tissue is detected by an ultrasonic method.
18、 根据权利要求 14的方法， 其中， 每级负荷为 50W。 18. The method according to claim 14, wherein the load of each stage is 50W.
19、 一种人体组织血氧代谢参数检测装置， 包括： 19. A device for detecting blood oxygen metabolism parameters of human tissue, comprising:
多个光源；  Multiple light sources
光电检测器， 用于检测来自所述多个光源的光经待测人体局部组 织漫射后的强度值；  A photoelectric detector, configured to detect the intensity values of light from the plurality of light sources after diffused by the local tissue of the human body to be measured;
微控制器， 处理所述光强度值， 以获得人体血氧代谢参数； 以及 其中， 微控制器经多路驱动电路与光源相连， 以驱动光源发光； 微处理器又依次经过相互连接的 A/D转换器、 采样保持电路、 前置 放大器与所述光电检测器输出端相连。  A microcontroller that processes the light intensity value to obtain a blood oxygen metabolism parameter of the human body; and wherein the microcontroller is connected to the light source via a plurality of driving circuits to drive the light source to emit light; A D converter, a sample-and-hold circuit, and a preamplifier are connected to the output end of the photodetector.
20、 根据权利要求 19的装置， 其中， 多路驱动电路为发光的二 极管。 20. The device according to claim 19, wherein the multiplex driving circuit is a light emitting diode.
21、 根据权利要求 19的装置， 其中， 所述多个光源与光电检测 器处于同一直线上， 并且所述光电检测器位于所述多个光源的同一 21. The device according to claim 19, wherein the plurality of light sources and a photodetector are on the same straight line, and the photodetectors are located on the same line of the plurality of light sources
22、 根据权利要求 19的装置， 其中， 所述多个光源是发光二极 22. The device according to claim 19, wherein the plurality of light sources are light emitting diodes
PCT/CN2004/001301 2003-11-14 2004-11-15 An apparatus of and method for measuring the parameter of the blood oxygen metabolism in human tissue WO2005099564A1 (en)

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CN 200310113534 CN1223843C (en) 2003-11-14 2003-11-14 Method for detecting newborn baby partial tissue oxygen saturation under oxygen absorption stimulation
CN200310113534.7 2003-11-14
CN 200310115396 CN1223858C (en) 2003-11-21 2003-11-21 Near infrared tissue non-destructive testing method for blood transportation parameter of skeletal muscle metabolism
CN200310115396.6 2003-11-21

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