WO2005099922A1 - Device and method for the in-situ removal of pollution from water tables - Google Patents

Device and method for the in-situ removal of pollution from water tables

Info

Publication number
WO2005099922A1
WO2005099922A1 PCT/FR2005/000624 FR2005000624W WO2005099922A1 WO 2005099922 A1 WO2005099922 A1 WO 2005099922A1 FR 2005000624 W FR2005000624 W FR 2005000624W WO 2005099922 A1 WO2005099922 A1 WO 2005099922A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
filtration system
tube
depollution
groundwater
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2005/000624
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Martin
René Pascal
Michel Chevalier
Original Assignee
Novad
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novad filed Critical Novad
Publication of WO2005099922A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005099922A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/002—Reclamation of contaminated soil involving in-situ ground water treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general technical field of devices and methods for depollution in particular of soils and drainage water from the ground, and polluted in particular by hydrocarbons.
  • Other types of pollution can advantageously be treated according to the invention, for example liquids draining heavy metals.
  • the device and the method in accordance with the invention apply particularly but not exclusively to groundwater tables, underground water tables, more or less diffuse water pockets, residual water tables or water tables created by injection into underground environments. It is often necessary to clean up groundwater located below or in the vicinity of land polluted in particular by hydrocarbons, such as Benzene, PAH, COHV, and other heavy metals.
  • hydrocarbons such as Benzene, PAH, COHV, and other heavy metals.
  • the remediation of groundwater can be relatively complex and costly to carry out with the processes and technology existing to date.
  • the drainage methods used consist in pumping water, in boreholes arranged in the aquifer, then collecting this drained water, loaded with hydrocarbons or other pollution, towards a fixed treatment station.
  • These methods require heavy surface installations comprising a device for collecting water, via, for example, conduits in gutters, over often long distances, then a fixed treatment plant. This requires the construction of a room containing the technical treatment facility.
  • the aim of the present invention is to depollute "in situ" groundwater by extracting from it hydrocarbons and other polluting elements which are brought there by drainage through the ground.
  • the object of the present invention therefore relates to a depollution process and a depollution device capable of implementing said process in an extremely simple, reliable and inexpensive manner.
  • the aims assigned to the present invention are achieved by means of a method for cleaning up groundwater containing heavy metals, hydrocarbons and / or other pollutants, consisting in: using a drainage column extending at least from the surface up to a submerged level of groundwater, pass the water through a filtration system inserted in the drainage column, establish a closed circuit circulation of groundwater going appreciably from the surface towards the level submerged in the drainage column and from the submerged level towards the surface outside said column by draining the pollutants in the underground medium towards the column of drainage.
  • the process according to the invention has the enormous advantage of being implemented locally, directly on the polluted site.
  • the polluted groundwater absorbed by the soil is then gradually decontaminated on the site, without any additional installation.
  • Groundwater rises outside the drainage column through the soil to the surface.
  • the soils can be composed of different layers, sedimentation, solid or semi-solid, incorporating if necessary layers or pockets of water.
  • the depollution process in accordance with the invention thus makes it possible to carry out progressive leaching of the soil or ground layers.
  • the purified water is recovered and reinjected into the underground environment and thus diffuses into the soil.
  • Another advantage of the process according to the invention lies in the possibility of carrying out several similar boreholes on the same site, constituting a hydraulic confinement barrier, thus increasing the efficiency of the depollution process.
  • the method consists in causing a movement of self-powered forced circulation, being created with the installation of the drainage column.
  • the implementation of the method does not require significant technical means or installations, significantly reducing the costs of installation, operation and maintenance.
  • the method consists in using a submerged pump promoting circulation. groundwater, integrated in particular in the lower part of the filtration system. The pump thus promotes, by creating a closed loop circulation in the soil, a drainage effect of the polluting elements towards the upper part of the sheet, where said polluting elements are sucked towards the filtration system.
  • the method consists in using solar energy to supply the pump electrically.
  • the method can then be implemented independently, in particular in the event of distancing from a traditional electrical supply.
  • the depth is chosen in the vicinity of which the reinjection of the filtered water, and if necessary treated water, into the underground environment. So he is possible to optimize the water circulation paths to clean up, and locally increase the drainage of pollutants to the filtration system.
  • a pollution control device comprising: a drainage column in the form of a drilling tube extending from the ground surface to a level submerged in an underground medium consisting of earth and / or other materials and groundwater present in more or less diffuse layers, - intake orifices provided in the drill pipe substantially around the surface of the groundwater, a filtration system inserted in the drilling tube and through which the underground water to be cleaned circulates, a circulation pump causing the movement of forced circulation, in closed circuit, of the underground water, and expulsion orifices provided in the submerged lower part of the drilling tube, reinjecting filtered water in the underground environment.
  • the device comprises a hatch for access to the drilling tube at the level of the ground surface.
  • the elements inserted into the drill pipe are therefore easily accessible.
  • the filtration system has an inlet opening, collecting the water entering the drilling tube, and an outlet opening leading to a discharge tube whose diameter is less than the diameter of the drilling tube and extending to the bottom of the drill pipe. We can then use a given diameter corresponding to a desired pumping rate.
  • the diameter of the inlet opening is greater than the diameter of the outlet opening.
  • the pollution control device comprises a lifting means connected to the filtration system and capable of modifying the positioning of the subassembly comprising the filtration system and the delivery tube. The filtration system is thus easily accessible, in particular for replacing the loaded adsorbent filter elements. A pollution control device is thus obtained, the filtration system and the delivery tube of which are movable in the borehole.
  • the pollution control device comprises at least one guide member integral with the delivery pipe> e and resting on the internal wall of the drill pipe.
  • the displacement, in particular of the delivery tube is thus facilitated.
  • the delivery tube consists of an assembly of modular tubes.
  • the drill pipe can thus adapt to various depths, depending on the thickness and / or the location of the layer or layers to be cleaned up.
  • the lifting member is connected to the filtration system with a cable passing through the access hatch.
  • the submerged circulation pump is positioned in the filtration system in the vicinity of the outlet opening or downstream of the filtration system, discharging the filtered and decontaminated water into the discharge tube.
  • the circulation pump is for example connected to an electrical supply via an electrical cable passing through the filtration system.
  • the filtration system comprises an assembly of at least two modular filtration elements. It is thus possible to modify the dimensions of the filtration system and adapt the filtration properties to the nature and / or the severity of the pollution encountered. It is for example possible to combine two modular filtration elements having different filtration properties.
  • the filtration system contains at least one type of adsorbent material through which the water to be decontaminated circulates.
  • the pollution control device comprises a float moving in the drilling tube with the upper level of the water table and cooperating with the intake orifices so as to limit the aspiration of water into the drill pipe, at the top of said sheet and on its surface.
  • the depollution device comprises control means, controlling the operation of the pump according to information from a means of detecting the level of the water table in the underground environment in the vicinity or in the drill pipe.
  • the pump flow can thus be adapted according to the hydrogeological data.
  • a vacuum operation of the pump is also avoided in the event of insufficient or insufficient water in the soil.
  • the means for detecting the level of the sheet advantageously comprises a float.
  • FIG. 2 is another embodiment of a pollution control device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a filtration system of a pollution control device according to the invention.
  • the pollution control device according to the invention and represented for example in FIG. 1 or in FIG. 2 comprises a drilling tube (1) extending from the surface (2) of the ground (3) to a submerged level in an underground layer (4).
  • the drilling is thus carried out in the ground (3) so as to lead, for example, to a water table or a pocket of water or underground sedimentation layers.
  • the drilling tube (1) is for example a PVC tube known as such.
  • the upper end flush with the ground surface is open.
  • Intake orifices (5) are arranged in the drill pipe (1) substantially around the surface of the underground water (4).
  • the upper part (6) is generally covered with a layer of hydrocarbons (7).
  • This layer of hydrocarbons (7) can therefore easily be admitted into the drilling tube (1) via the intake orifices (5).
  • These can be provided at different depths or at adjustable depths, so as to allow the suction of a polluted surface layer and dissolved pollutants contained in the water.
  • Expulsion orifices (8) are also provided in the lower part (9) of the drilling tube (1) so as to allow water circulation underground by circulation between the intake orifices (5) and the expulsion orifices (8). The groundwater is then expelled through the expulsion orifices (8) to form a closed circulation circuit going up outside the drilling tube (1) towards the surface (6).
  • the pollution control device also comprises a filtration system (10) inserted into the drilling tube (1) and through which the groundwater circulates.
  • the circulation of groundwater inside and outside the drill pipe (1) is shown by the arrows in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the drill pipe (1) comprises for example an access hatch (11 ) at the level of the surface (2) of the ground (3).
  • This access hatch (11) allows at any time to access the interior of the drilling tube and to intervene for example on the filtration system (10).
  • the access hatch (11) can comprise a cartridge for filtering odors and gases.
  • the filtration system (10) has for example an inlet opening
  • the filtration system (10) comprises for example a removable filter cartridge containing an adsorption product.
  • the cartridge is replaced at a frequency defined according to the degree of pollution. This periodicity, defined according to the nature and the degree of pollution, can be controlled by any known means and in particular taking a sample brought to the surface.
  • the discharge tube (14) extends to the lower part (9) of the drilling tube and discharges the filtered groundwater directly in the vicinity of the expulsion orifices (8). The discharge tube (14) thus allows the filtered water to be reinjected into the ground or into the lower part of the water table.
  • the filtration system (10) thus advantageously has a diameter of the inlet opening (12) greater than the diameter of the outlet opening (13).
  • the pollution control device according to the invention also comprises a non-return member (15) positioned in the vicinity of the lower end (9) of the delivery tubes (14), thus closing off the annular space delimited between the discharge (14) and the drill pipe.
  • the non-return member (15) is therefore located above the expulsion orifices (8).
  • the non-return device (15) prevents thus filtered and purified water rises in the drilling tube (1), and promotes their diffusion in the soil.
  • the pollution control device also comprises a lifting means (16) connected to the filtration system (10) and capable of modifying the positioning of the subassembly comprising the filtration system (10) and the delivery tube ( 14).
  • the filtration system (10) can thus adapt its position to the groundwater level.
  • the lifting means (16) also allows for maintenance purposes to intervene on the filtration system (10) by removing it from the drill pipe (1).
  • the pollution control device comprises at least one guide member (17) integral with the delivery tube (14) resting on an internal wall (1a) of the drilling tube (1).
  • the guide member comprises for example guide shoes mounted on fittings (18) and sliding on the internal wall (1a). A displacement in height of the filtration system associated with the delivery tube (14) is thus facilitated, in particular in the event of great depth.
  • the delivery tube (14) may consist of an assembly of modular tubes.
  • the assemblies are carried out by means of a connector (18) known as such.
  • a connection (18) is also provided between the delivery tube (14) and the filtration system (10).
  • the lifting member (16) is connected to the filtration system (10) with a cable passing through an opening (1 1 a) formed in the access hatch (11).
  • the delivery tube is for example adjustable in depth thanks to its design in the form of modular sleeves. This allows, in addition to the reinjection of depolluted water in the lower part of the borehole, to adapt the reinjection depth, according to the extent of the pollution defined during a hydro-geological study.
  • the pollution control device also includes a submerged circulation pump (19), positioned downstream of the filtration system (10) or preferably in the filtration system (10) near the outlet opening (13), thus driving back the filtered water in the delivery tube (14).
  • This integrated circulation pump (19) allows the forced circulation of water between the filtration system and the depolluted soil, which extends around the drilling tube (1).
  • the circulation pump (19) is for example connected to an electrical supply via an electrical cable (20) passing through the filtration system (10).
  • the latter is advantageously provided with a through passage (21).
  • the circulation pump (19) is for example supplied with current via a generator running on solar energy or by a 12 V or 220 V supply.
  • the filtration system (10) comprises a compartment located under the filtration means and in which the circulation pump (19) is arranged. Corresponding openings (13a) are provided downstream of the filtration means so as to allow the circulating pump (19) to be supplied with filtered water.
  • the device comprises a suction system with float (22).
  • the skimming-type suction system with float (22) makes it possible to follow the variations in the surface level of the waters and to optimize the collection of hydrocarbons in the upper part of the groundwater and in particular of a surface layer (7) of said groundwater.
  • the depollution device comprises control means controlling the operation of the pump e (19), as a function of information coming from a means of detecting the level of the water table in the underground medium, at near the drill pipe (1).
  • Information is transmitted for example by wire or by means of an electromagnetic type signal.
  • the detection means comprise for example the float (22). The latter is associated with electronic means known as such.
  • FIG. 3 represents an exemplary embodiment of the filtration system
  • the latter comprises an assembly of three modular filtration elements (10a).
  • the assembly is carried out with the through passage (21) serving as support, incorporating for example a means of mblage or fixing.
  • Each modular filtration element has an external wall (10b), allowing the water to penetrate into an annular internal volume (10e), extending around the central passage (21) and containing a filtration material.
  • Each tubular filtration element (10a) contains at least one type of adsorbent material. It is thus possible to produce a filtration system (10) associated with the pump (19), comprising an upper modular filtration element (10a) and at least one lower modular filtration element (10a), respectively designed to treat pollutants by surface of a water table and pollutants dissolved in said water table.
  • the modular design of the filtration system (10) also has the advantage of being able to be adapted in particular to the nature of the pollutants and their concentration in groundwater.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for removing pollution from ground water containing heavy metals, hydrocarbons and/or other pollutants. The method consists of: using a drainage column extending at least from the surface to a level submerged in the ground water; passing the water through a filtration system (10) inserted into the drainage column; establishing a closed-circuit circulation of the ground water going essentially from the surface toward the submerged level in the drainage column and from the submerged level toward the surface and outside said column while draining the pollutants in the underground environment toward the drainage column.

Description

Dispositif et procédé de dépollution in situ de nappes souterraines Device and method for in situ remediation of groundwater
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique général des dispositifs et procédés de dépollution en particulier de sols et d'eaux de drainage issues du sol, et pollués notamment par des hydrocarbures. D'autres types de pollutions peuvent avantageusement être traitées selon l'invention, par exemple des liquides drainant des métaux lourds. Le dispositif et le procédé conformes à l'invention s'appliquent particulièrement mais non exclusivement à des nappes phréatiques, nappes souterraines, poches d'eau plus ou moins diffuses, nappes résiduelles ou nappes créées par injection dans des milieux souterrains. Il est souvent nécessaire de procéder à une dépollution d'eaux souterraines localisées en dessous ou au voisinage de terrains pollués notamment par des hydrocarbures, tels que Benzène, HAP, COHV, et autres métaux lourds. On peut citer à titre d'exemple diverses industries, raffineries ou stations services pouvant générer ce type de pollution. La dépollution d'eaux souterraines peut s'avérer relativement complexe et coûteuse à réaliser avec les procédés et la technologie existant à ce jour. D'une façon générale, les procédés de drainage utilisés consistent à pomper l'eau, dans des forages aménagés dans la nappe, puis de collecter cette eau drainée, chargée d'hydrocarbures ou autres pollutions, vers une station fixe de traitement. Ces procédés nécessitent des installations de surface lourdes comportant un dispositif de collecte des eaux, via, par exemple, des canalisations en caniveau, sur des distances souvent importantes, puis une centrale fixe de traitement. Celle-ci nécessite la construction d'un local contenant l'installation technique de traitement. Le but de la présente invention vise à dépolluer "in situ" des eaux souterraines en extrayant de celles-ci des hydrocarbures et autres éléments polluants qui y sont apportés par drainage à travers le sol. L'objet de la présente invention concerne donc un procédé de dépollution et un dispositif de dépollution susceptible de mettre en oeuvre de façon extrêmement simple, fiable et peu coûteuse ledit procédé. Les buts assignés à la présente invention sont atteints à l'aide d'un procédé de dépollution des eaux souterraines contenant des métaux lourds, hydrocarbures et/ou autres polluants, consistant à : utiliser une colonne de drainage s'étendant au moins de la surface jusqu'à un niveau immergé des eaux souterraines, faire passer les eaux dans un système de filtration inséré dans la colonne de drainage, établir une circulation en circuit fermé des eaux souterraines allant sensiblement de la surface vers le niveau immergé dans la colonne de drainage et du niveau immergé vers la surface à l'extérieur de ladite colonne en drainant les produits polluants dans le milieu souterrain vers la colonne de drainage. Le procédé conforme à l'invention présente l'énorme avantage d'être mis en œuvre localement, directement sur le site pollué. Les eaux polluées souterraines et absorbées par le sol sont alors dépolluées progressivement sur le site, et ce sans installation annexe. Les eaux souterraines remontent à l'extérieur de la colonne de drainage à travers les sols vers la surface. Les sols peuvent être composés de différentes couches, de sédimentation, solide ou semi-solide, incorporant le cas échéant des nappes ou poches d'eau. Le procédé de dépollution conforme à l'invention permet ainsi de réaliser un lessivage progressif des couches de sols ou de terrains. L'eau épurée est récupérée et réinjectée dans le milieu souterrain et se diffuse ainsi dans le sol. Un autre avantage du procédé conforme à l'invention réside dans la possibilité d'effectuer plusieurs forages similaires sur un même site, constituant une barrière hydraulique de confinement, augmentant ainsi l'efficacité du procédé de dépollution. Selon un exemple de mise en œuvre, le procédé consiste à provoquer un mouvement de circulation forcée auto-alimentée, se créant avec la mise en place de la colonne de drainage. La mise en œuvre du procédé ne nécessite pas des moyens ou installations techniques importants, réduisant sensiblement les coûts d'installation, de fonctionnement et d'entretien Selon un autre exemple de mise en œuvre, le procédé consiste à utiliser une pompe immergée favorisant la circulation des eaux souterraines, intégrée notamment dans la partie inférieure du système de filtration. La pompe favorise ainsi en créant une circulation en boucle fermée dans les sols, un effet de drainage des éléments polluants vers la partie haute de la nappe, où lesdits éléments polluants sont aspirés vers le système de filtration. Selon un exemple encore de mise en œuvre, le procédé consiste à utiliser l'énergie solaire pour alimenter électriquement la pompe. Le procédé peut alors être mis en oeuvre de façon autonome, notamment en cas d'éloignement d'une alimentation électrique traditionnelle. Selon un exemple de mise en œuvre du procédé conforme à l'invention, on choisit la profondeur au voisinage de laquelle est effectuée la réinjection des eaux filtrées , et le cas échéant traitées, dans le milieu souterrain. Il est alors possible d'optimiser les trajets de circulations d'eaux à dépolluer, et d'augmenter localement le drainage d'éléments polluants vers le système de filtration. Les buts assignés à la présente invention sont également atteints à l'aide d'un dispositif de dépollution comportant : une colonne de drainage sous forme de tube de forage s'étendant de la surface du sol jusqu'à un niveau immergé dans un milieu souterrain constitué de terre et/ou autres matières et d'eaux souterraines présentes en nappes plus ou moins diffuses, - des orifices d'admissi on ménagés dans le tube de forage sensiblement autour de la surface des eaux souterraines, un système de filtration inséré dans le tube de forage et à travers lequel circulent les eaux souterraines à dépolluer, une pompe de circulation provoquant le mouvement de circulation forcée, en circuit fermé, des eaux souterraines, et des orifices d'expulsion ménagés en partie basse immergée du tube de forage, réinjectant les eaux filtrées dans le milieu souterrain.The present invention relates to the general technical field of devices and methods for depollution in particular of soils and drainage water from the ground, and polluted in particular by hydrocarbons. Other types of pollution can advantageously be treated according to the invention, for example liquids draining heavy metals. The device and the method in accordance with the invention apply particularly but not exclusively to groundwater tables, underground water tables, more or less diffuse water pockets, residual water tables or water tables created by injection into underground environments. It is often necessary to clean up groundwater located below or in the vicinity of land polluted in particular by hydrocarbons, such as Benzene, PAH, COHV, and other heavy metals. We can cite as an example various industries, refineries or service stations that can generate this type of pollution. The remediation of groundwater can be relatively complex and costly to carry out with the processes and technology existing to date. In general, the drainage methods used consist in pumping water, in boreholes arranged in the aquifer, then collecting this drained water, loaded with hydrocarbons or other pollution, towards a fixed treatment station. These methods require heavy surface installations comprising a device for collecting water, via, for example, conduits in gutters, over often long distances, then a fixed treatment plant. This requires the construction of a room containing the technical treatment facility. The aim of the present invention is to depollute "in situ" groundwater by extracting from it hydrocarbons and other polluting elements which are brought there by drainage through the ground. The object of the present invention therefore relates to a depollution process and a depollution device capable of implementing said process in an extremely simple, reliable and inexpensive manner. The aims assigned to the present invention are achieved by means of a method for cleaning up groundwater containing heavy metals, hydrocarbons and / or other pollutants, consisting in: using a drainage column extending at least from the surface up to a submerged level of groundwater, pass the water through a filtration system inserted in the drainage column, establish a closed circuit circulation of groundwater going appreciably from the surface towards the level submerged in the drainage column and from the submerged level towards the surface outside said column by draining the pollutants in the underground medium towards the column of drainage. The process according to the invention has the enormous advantage of being implemented locally, directly on the polluted site. The polluted groundwater absorbed by the soil is then gradually decontaminated on the site, without any additional installation. Groundwater rises outside the drainage column through the soil to the surface. The soils can be composed of different layers, sedimentation, solid or semi-solid, incorporating if necessary layers or pockets of water. The depollution process in accordance with the invention thus makes it possible to carry out progressive leaching of the soil or ground layers. The purified water is recovered and reinjected into the underground environment and thus diffuses into the soil. Another advantage of the process according to the invention lies in the possibility of carrying out several similar boreholes on the same site, constituting a hydraulic confinement barrier, thus increasing the efficiency of the depollution process. According to an example of implementation, the method consists in causing a movement of self-powered forced circulation, being created with the installation of the drainage column. The implementation of the method does not require significant technical means or installations, significantly reducing the costs of installation, operation and maintenance. According to another example of implementation, the method consists in using a submerged pump promoting circulation. groundwater, integrated in particular in the lower part of the filtration system. The pump thus promotes, by creating a closed loop circulation in the soil, a drainage effect of the polluting elements towards the upper part of the sheet, where said polluting elements are sucked towards the filtration system. According to another example of implementation, the method consists in using solar energy to supply the pump electrically. The method can then be implemented independently, in particular in the event of distancing from a traditional electrical supply. According to an example of implementation of the method according to the invention, the depth is chosen in the vicinity of which the reinjection of the filtered water, and if necessary treated water, into the underground environment. So he is possible to optimize the water circulation paths to clean up, and locally increase the drainage of pollutants to the filtration system. The objects assigned to the present invention are also achieved by means of a pollution control device comprising: a drainage column in the form of a drilling tube extending from the ground surface to a level submerged in an underground medium consisting of earth and / or other materials and groundwater present in more or less diffuse layers, - intake orifices provided in the drill pipe substantially around the surface of the groundwater, a filtration system inserted in the drilling tube and through which the underground water to be cleaned circulates, a circulation pump causing the movement of forced circulation, in closed circuit, of the underground water, and expulsion orifices provided in the submerged lower part of the drilling tube, reinjecting filtered water in the underground environment.
Un avantage du dispositif conforme à l'invention réside dans l'élimination de toute infrastructure de surface , de type station d'épuration. Les coûts, notamment en énergie électrique, en sont donc favorablement affectés. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif comporte une trappe d'accès au tube de forage au niveau de la surface du sol. Les éléments insérés dans le tube de forage sont donc facilement accessibles. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le système de filtration présente une ouverture d'entrée, collectant les eaux pénétrant dans le tube de forage, et une ouverture de sortie débouchant sur un tube de refoulement dont le diamètre est inférieur au diamètre du tube de forage et s'étendant jusqu'en partie basse du tube de forage. On peut alors utiliser un diamètre donné correspondant à un débit de pompage souhaité. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le diamètre de l'ouverture d'entrée est supérieur au diamètre de l'ouverture de sortie. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de dépollution comp3rte in organe anti-retour positionné au voisinage de l'extrémité basse du tube de refoulement, au-dessus des orifices d'expulsion, obturant l'espace annulaire délimité entre le tube de refoulement et le tube de forage, empêchant des remontées d'eaux dans le tube de forage. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de dépollution comporte un moyen de levage raccordé au système de filtration et susceptible de modifier le positionnement du sous-ensemble comprenant le système de filtration et le tube de refoulement. Le système de filtration est ainsi facilement accessible, notamment pour le remplacement des éléments de filtres adsorbants chargés. On obtient ainsi un dispositif de dépollution dont le système de filtration et le tube de refoulement sont mobiles dans le tu be de forage. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de dépollution comporte au moins un organe de guidage solidaire du tub>e de refoulement et s'appuyant sur la paroi interne du tube de forage. Le déplacement, notamment du tube de refoulement est ainsi facilité. Selon un autre exemple de réalisation, le tube de refoulement est constitué d'un assemblage de tubes modulaires. Le tube de forage peut ainsi s'adapter a diverses profondeurs, dépendant de l'épaisseur et/ou de la localisation de la ou des couches à dépolluer. Selon un exemple de réalisation, l'organe de levage est raccordé au système de filtration avec un câble traversant la trappe d'accès. Selon un exemple de réalisation, la pompe de circulation immergée est positionnée dans le système de filtration au voisinage de l'ouverture de sortie ou en aval du système de filtration, refoulant les eaux filtrées et dépolluées dans le tube de refoulement. La pompe de circulation est par exemple reliée à une alimentation électrique via un câble électrique traversant le système de filtration. Selon un exemple de réalisation du dispositif de dépollution, le système de filtration comporte un assemblage d'au moins deux éléments de filtration modulaires. On peut ainsi modifier les dimensions du système de filtration et adapter les propriétés de filtration à la nature et/ou à la gravité de la pollution rencontrée. On peut par exemple associer deux éléments de filtration modulaires présentant des propriétés de filtration différentes. A titre d'exemple, le système de filtration contient au moins un type de matériau adsorbant à travers lequel circulent I es eaux à dépolluer. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de dépollution comporte un flotteur se déplaçant dans le tube de forage avec le niveau supérieur de la nappe d'eaux et coopérant avec les orifices d'admission de manière à limiter l'aspiration d'eaux dans le tube de forage, à la partie supérieure de ladite nappe et à sa surface. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de dépollution conforme à l'invention comporte des moyens d'asservissement, pilotant le fonctionnement de la pompe en fonction d'informations issues d'un moyen de détection du niveau de la nappe dans le milieu souterrain au voisinage ou dans le tube de forage. Le débit de la pompe peut ainsi être adapté en fonction des données hydrogéologiques. On évite également un fonctionnement à vide de la pompe en cas de manque ou d'insuffisance d'eaux dans le sol. Le moyen de détection du niveau de la nappe comporte avantageusement un flotteur. Ce dernier permet également, de par son déplacement, d'informer la pompe de l'ampleur du cône de rabattement crée dans la nappe autour de la colonne de drainage. La pompe peut alors moduler son débit et tenir compte de la perméabilité de la nappe. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront également de la description détaillée figurant ci-après en ré-férence aux dessins annexés, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, dans lesquels : - la figure 1 schématise le fonctionnement d'un exemple de réalisation du dispositif de dépollution conforme à l'invention,An advantage of the device according to the invention lies in the elimination of any surface infrastructure, of the treatment plant type. Costs, particularly in electrical energy, are therefore favorably affected. According to an exemplary embodiment, the device comprises a hatch for access to the drilling tube at the level of the ground surface. The elements inserted into the drill pipe are therefore easily accessible. According to an exemplary embodiment, the filtration system has an inlet opening, collecting the water entering the drilling tube, and an outlet opening leading to a discharge tube whose diameter is less than the diameter of the drilling tube and extending to the bottom of the drill pipe. We can then use a given diameter corresponding to a desired pumping rate. According to an exemplary embodiment, the diameter of the inlet opening is greater than the diameter of the outlet opening. According to an exemplary embodiment, the depollution device comp3rte in a non-return member positioned in the vicinity of the lower end of the delivery tube, above the expulsion orifices, closing off the annular space delimited between the delivery tube and the drill pipe, preventing water from rising into the drill pipe. According to an exemplary embodiment, the pollution control device comprises a lifting means connected to the filtration system and capable of modifying the positioning of the subassembly comprising the filtration system and the delivery tube. The filtration system is thus easily accessible, in particular for replacing the loaded adsorbent filter elements. A pollution control device is thus obtained, the filtration system and the delivery tube of which are movable in the borehole. According to an exemplary embodiment, the pollution control device comprises at least one guide member integral with the delivery pipe> e and resting on the internal wall of the drill pipe. The displacement, in particular of the delivery tube is thus facilitated. According to another exemplary embodiment, the delivery tube consists of an assembly of modular tubes. The drill pipe can thus adapt to various depths, depending on the thickness and / or the location of the layer or layers to be cleaned up. According to an exemplary embodiment, the lifting member is connected to the filtration system with a cable passing through the access hatch. According to an exemplary embodiment, the submerged circulation pump is positioned in the filtration system in the vicinity of the outlet opening or downstream of the filtration system, discharging the filtered and decontaminated water into the discharge tube. The circulation pump is for example connected to an electrical supply via an electrical cable passing through the filtration system. According to an exemplary embodiment of the pollution control device, the filtration system comprises an assembly of at least two modular filtration elements. It is thus possible to modify the dimensions of the filtration system and adapt the filtration properties to the nature and / or the severity of the pollution encountered. It is for example possible to combine two modular filtration elements having different filtration properties. For example, the filtration system contains at least one type of adsorbent material through which the water to be decontaminated circulates. According to an exemplary embodiment, the pollution control device comprises a float moving in the drilling tube with the upper level of the water table and cooperating with the intake orifices so as to limit the aspiration of water into the drill pipe, at the top of said sheet and on its surface. According to an exemplary embodiment, the depollution device according to the invention comprises control means, controlling the operation of the pump according to information from a means of detecting the level of the water table in the underground environment in the vicinity or in the drill pipe. The pump flow can thus be adapted according to the hydrogeological data. A vacuum operation of the pump is also avoided in the event of insufficient or insufficient water in the soil. The means for detecting the level of the sheet advantageously comprises a float. The latter also makes it possible, by virtue of its displacement, to inform the pump of the extent of the drawdown cone created in the sheet around the drainage column. The pump can then modulate its flow and take into account the permeability of the sheet. Other characteristics and advantages will also emerge from the detailed description given below with reference to the appended drawings, by way of nonlimiting examples, in which: - Figure 1 shows schematically the operation of an embodiment of the device depollution according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est un autre exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif de dépollution conforme à l'invention,FIG. 2 is another embodiment of a pollution control device according to the invention,
- la figure 3 représente un exemple de réalisation d'un système de filtration d'un dispositif de dépollution conforme à l'invention. Le dispositif de dépollution conforme à l'invention et représenté par exemple à la figure 1 ou à la figure 2 comporte un tube de forage (1 ) s'étendant de la surface (2) du sol (3) jusqu'à un niveau immergé dans une couche souterraine (4). Le forage est ainsi effectué dans le sol (3) de manière à déboucher par exemple dans une nappe phréatique ou une poche d'eau ou des couches de sédimentation souterraines . Le tube de forage (1) est par exemple un tube en PVC connu en tant que tel. L'extrémité supérieure affleurant avec la surface du sol est ouverte. Des orifices d'admission (5) sont mé nagés dans le tube de forage (1 ) sensiblement autour de la surface des eaux: souterraines (4). La partie supérieure (6) est en général recouverte d'une couche d'hydrocarbures (7). Cette couche d'hydrocarbures (7) peut donc aisément être admise dans le tube de forage (1) via les orifices d'admission (5). Ces derniers peuvent être prévus à différentes profonde urs ou à des profondeurs réglables, de manière à permettre l'aspiration d'une couche polluée superficielle et d'éléments polluants dissous contenus dans les eaux. Des orifices d'expulsion (8) sont également ménagés en partie basse (9) du tube de forage (1 ) de manière à permettre une circulation des eaux souterraines par circulation entre les orifices d'admission (5) et les orifices d'expulsion (8). Les eaux souterraines sont alors expulsées par les orifices d'expulsion (8) pour réaliser un circuit fermé de circulation remontant à l'extérieur du tube de forage (1) vers la surface (6). En remontant, par diffusion, à l'extérieur du tube de forage (1) vers la la partie supérieure (6), les eaux souterraines se chargent progressivement de polluants du type hydrocarbures et les ramènent ainsi à la surface. Elles favorisent ainsi leur remontée à la surface. Le dispositif de dépollution conforme à l'invention comporte également un système de filtration (10) inséré dans le tube de forage (1) et à travers lequel circulent les eaux souterraines. La circulation des eaux souterraines à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur du tube de forage (1) est matérialisée par les flèches sur les figures 1 et 2. Le tube de forage (1 ) comporte par exemple une trappe d'accès (11 ) au niveau de la surface (2) du sol (3). Cette trappe d'accès (11 ) permet à tout moment d'accéder à l'intérieur du tube de forage et d'intervenir par exemple sur le système de filtration (10). La trappe d'accès (11 ) peut comporter u ne cartouche de filtration des odeurs et gaz. Le système de filtration (10) présente par exemple une ouverture d'entrée- Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a filtration system of a pollution control device according to the invention. The pollution control device according to the invention and represented for example in FIG. 1 or in FIG. 2 comprises a drilling tube (1) extending from the surface (2) of the ground (3) to a submerged level in an underground layer (4). The drilling is thus carried out in the ground (3) so as to lead, for example, to a water table or a pocket of water or underground sedimentation layers. The drilling tube (1) is for example a PVC tube known as such. The upper end flush with the ground surface is open. Intake orifices (5) are arranged in the drill pipe (1) substantially around the surface of the underground water (4). The upper part (6) is generally covered with a layer of hydrocarbons (7). This layer of hydrocarbons (7) can therefore easily be admitted into the drilling tube (1) via the intake orifices (5). These can be provided at different depths or at adjustable depths, so as to allow the suction of a polluted surface layer and dissolved pollutants contained in the water. Expulsion orifices (8) are also provided in the lower part (9) of the drilling tube (1) so as to allow water circulation underground by circulation between the intake orifices (5) and the expulsion orifices (8). The groundwater is then expelled through the expulsion orifices (8) to form a closed circulation circuit going up outside the drilling tube (1) towards the surface (6). Going up, by diffusion, outside the drilling tube (1) towards the upper part (6), the groundwater gradually takes charge of pollutants of the hydrocarbon type and thus brings them back to the surface. They thus promote their ascent to the surface. The pollution control device according to the invention also comprises a filtration system (10) inserted into the drilling tube (1) and through which the groundwater circulates. The circulation of groundwater inside and outside the drill pipe (1) is shown by the arrows in Figures 1 and 2. The drill pipe (1) comprises for example an access hatch (11 ) at the level of the surface (2) of the ground (3). This access hatch (11) allows at any time to access the interior of the drilling tube and to intervene for example on the filtration system (10). The access hatch (11) can comprise a cartridge for filtering odors and gases. The filtration system (10) has for example an inlet opening
(12) collectant les eaux pénétrant par les orifices d'accès (5) dans le tube de forage (1 ) et une ouverture de sortie (13) débouchant sur un tube de refoulement (14) dont le diamètre est inférieur au diamètre du tube de forage (1 ). Le système de filtration (10) comporte par exemple une cartouche filtrante amovible contenant un produit d'adsorption. La cartouche est remplacée selon une périodicité définie en fonction du degré de pollution. Cette périodicité, définie selon la nature et le degré de pollution, peut être contrôlée par tous moyens connus et notamment une prise d'échantillon ramené en surface. Le tube de refoulement (14) s'étend jusqu'en partie basse (9) du tube de forage et refoule les eaux souterraines filtrées directement au voisinage des orifices d'expulsion (8). Le tube de refoulement (14) permet ainsi de réinjecter l'eau filtrée dans le sol ou dans la partie basse de la nappe d'eau. Le système de filtration (10) présente ainsi avantageusement un diamètre de l'ouverture d'entrée (12) supérieur au diamètre de l'ouverture de sortie (13). Le dispositif de dépollution conforme à l'invention comporte également un organe anti-retour (15) positionné au voisinag e de l'extrémité basse (9) des tubes de refoulement (14), obturant ainsi l'espace annulaire délimité entre le tube de refoulement (14) et le tube de forage. L'organe anti-retour (15) se situe donc au-dessus des orifices d'expulsion (8). L'organe anti-retour (15) empêche ainsi des remontées d'eaux filtrées et épurées dans le tube de forage (1 ), et favorise leur diffusion dans le sol. Le dispositif de dépollution conforme à l'invention comporte également un moyen de levage (16) raccordé au système de filtration (10) et susceptible de modifier le positionnement du sous-ensemble comprenant le système de filtration (10) et le tube de refoulement (14). Le système de filtration (10) peut ainsi adapter sa position au niveau des eaux souterraines. Le moyen de levage (16) permet également à des fins d'entretien d'intervenir sur le système de filtration (10) en le retirant du tube de forage (1). Avantageusement, le dispositif de dépollution comporte au moins un organe de guidage (17) solidaire du tube de refoulement (14) s'appuyant sur une paroi interne (1a) du tube de forage (1). L'organe de guidage comporte par exemple des patins de guidage montés sur des raccords (18) et glissant sur la paroi interne (1 a). Un déplacement en hauteur du système de filtration associé au tube de refoulement (14) est ainsi facilité, notamment en cas de grande profondeur. A titre d'exemple, le tube de refoulement (14) peut être constitué d'un assemblage de tubes modulaires. Les assemblages sont effectués par l'intermédiaire d'un raccord (18) connu en tant que tel. Un tel raccord (18) est également prévu entre le tube de refoulement (14) et le système de filtration (10). Avantageusement, l'organe de levage (16) est raccordé au système de filtration (10) avec un câble traversant une ouverture (1 1 a) ménagée dans la trappe d'accès (11 ). Le tube de refoulement est par exemple réglable en profondeur grâce à sa conception sous forme de manchons modulaires. Cela permet, outre la réinjection d'eau dépolluée dans la partie basse du forage, d'adapter la profondeur de réinjection, en fonction de l'étendue de la pollution définie au cours d'une étude hydro-géologique. Le dispositif de dépollution comporte également une pompe de circulation (19) immergée, positionnée en aval du système de filtration (10) ou de préférence dans le système de filtration (10) au voisinage de l'ouverture de sortie (13), refoulant ainsi les eaux filtrées dans le tube de refoulement (14). Cette pompe de circulation (19) intégrée permet la circulation forcée des eaux entre le système de filtration et le sol dépollué, lequel s'étend autour du tube de forage (1). La pompe de circulation (19) est par exemple reliée à une alimentation électrique via un câble électrique (20) traversant le système de filtration (10). Ce dernier est avantageusement pourvu d'un passage traversant (21). La pompe de circulation (19) est par exemple alimentée en courant via un générateur fonctionnant à l'énergie solaire ou par une alimentation de 12 V ou 220 V. Selon un exemple de réalisation conforme à l'invention, le système de filtration (10) comporte un compartiment situé sous les moyens de filtration et dans lequel est agencée la pompe de circulation (19). Des ouvertures correspondantes (13a) sont prévues en aval des moyens de filtration de manière à permettre d'alimenter en eau filtrée la pompe de circulation (19). Selon un exemple de filtration conforme à l'invention et représenté à la figure 2, le dispositif comporte un système d'aspiration avec flotteur (22). Le système d'aspiration de type écrémage avec flotteur (22), par exemple en matériau alvéolaire, permet de suivre les variations du niveau de surface des eaux et d'optimiser la collecte des hydrocarbures dans la partie supérieure des eaux souterraines et notamment d'une couche superficielle (7) desdites eaux souterraines. Le procédé conforme à l'invention est donc basé sur un pompage de l'eau en partie supérieure de la nappe et en surface et sur son remplacement simultané par l'eau filtrée, créant ainsi un mouvement de drainage à travers les couches du sol. Selon un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de dépollution comporte des moyens d'asservissement pilotant le fonctionnement de la pomp e (19), en fonction d'informations issues d'un moyen de détection du niveau de la nappe dans le milieu souterrain, au voisinage du tube de forage (1). La transmission d'information se fait par exemple par voie filaire ou par l'intermédiaire d'un signal du type électromagnétique. Les moyens de détection comportent par exemple le flotteur (22). Ce dernier est associé à des moyens électroniques connus en tant que tels. La figure 3 représente un exemple de réalisation du système de filtration(12) collecting the water entering through the access orifices (5) in the drilling tube (1) and an outlet opening (13) opening onto a discharge tube (14) whose diameter is less than the diameter of the tube drilling (1). The filtration system (10) comprises for example a removable filter cartridge containing an adsorption product. The cartridge is replaced at a frequency defined according to the degree of pollution. This periodicity, defined according to the nature and the degree of pollution, can be controlled by any known means and in particular taking a sample brought to the surface. The discharge tube (14) extends to the lower part (9) of the drilling tube and discharges the filtered groundwater directly in the vicinity of the expulsion orifices (8). The discharge tube (14) thus allows the filtered water to be reinjected into the ground or into the lower part of the water table. The filtration system (10) thus advantageously has a diameter of the inlet opening (12) greater than the diameter of the outlet opening (13). The pollution control device according to the invention also comprises a non-return member (15) positioned in the vicinity of the lower end (9) of the delivery tubes (14), thus closing off the annular space delimited between the discharge (14) and the drill pipe. The non-return member (15) is therefore located above the expulsion orifices (8). The non-return device (15) prevents thus filtered and purified water rises in the drilling tube (1), and promotes their diffusion in the soil. The pollution control device according to the invention also comprises a lifting means (16) connected to the filtration system (10) and capable of modifying the positioning of the subassembly comprising the filtration system (10) and the delivery tube ( 14). The filtration system (10) can thus adapt its position to the groundwater level. The lifting means (16) also allows for maintenance purposes to intervene on the filtration system (10) by removing it from the drill pipe (1). Advantageously, the pollution control device comprises at least one guide member (17) integral with the delivery tube (14) resting on an internal wall (1a) of the drilling tube (1). The guide member comprises for example guide shoes mounted on fittings (18) and sliding on the internal wall (1a). A displacement in height of the filtration system associated with the delivery tube (14) is thus facilitated, in particular in the event of great depth. By way of example, the delivery tube (14) may consist of an assembly of modular tubes. The assemblies are carried out by means of a connector (18) known as such. Such a connection (18) is also provided between the delivery tube (14) and the filtration system (10). Advantageously, the lifting member (16) is connected to the filtration system (10) with a cable passing through an opening (1 1 a) formed in the access hatch (11). The delivery tube is for example adjustable in depth thanks to its design in the form of modular sleeves. This allows, in addition to the reinjection of depolluted water in the lower part of the borehole, to adapt the reinjection depth, according to the extent of the pollution defined during a hydro-geological study. The pollution control device also includes a submerged circulation pump (19), positioned downstream of the filtration system (10) or preferably in the filtration system (10) near the outlet opening (13), thus driving back the filtered water in the delivery tube (14). This integrated circulation pump (19) allows the forced circulation of water between the filtration system and the depolluted soil, which extends around the drilling tube (1). The circulation pump (19) is for example connected to an electrical supply via an electrical cable (20) passing through the filtration system (10). The latter is advantageously provided with a through passage (21). The circulation pump (19) is for example supplied with current via a generator running on solar energy or by a 12 V or 220 V supply. According to an exemplary embodiment according to the invention, the filtration system (10) comprises a compartment located under the filtration means and in which the circulation pump (19) is arranged. Corresponding openings (13a) are provided downstream of the filtration means so as to allow the circulating pump (19) to be supplied with filtered water. According to an example of filtration according to the invention and shown in Figure 2, the device comprises a suction system with float (22). The skimming-type suction system with float (22), for example made of cellular material, makes it possible to follow the variations in the surface level of the waters and to optimize the collection of hydrocarbons in the upper part of the groundwater and in particular of a surface layer (7) of said groundwater. The process according to the invention is therefore based on pumping the water from the upper part of the water table and at the surface and its simultaneous replacement by filtered water, thus creating a drainage movement through the layers of the soil. According to an exemplary embodiment, the depollution device comprises control means controlling the operation of the pump e (19), as a function of information coming from a means of detecting the level of the water table in the underground medium, at near the drill pipe (1). Information is transmitted for example by wire or by means of an electromagnetic type signal. The detection means comprise for example the float (22). The latter is associated with electronic means known as such. FIG. 3 represents an exemplary embodiment of the filtration system
(10). Ce dernier comporte un assemblage de trois éléments de filtration modulaires (10a). L'assemblage est réalisé avec le passage traversant (21 ) servant de support, en incorporant par exemple un moyen d'asse mblage ou de fixation. Chaque élément de filtration modulaire comporte une paroi externe (10b), laissant pénétrer les eaux dans un volume interne annulaire (10e), s'étendant autour du passage central (21) et contenant un matériau de filtration. Chaque élément de filtration tubulaire (10a) contient au moins un type de matériau adsorbant. On peut ainsi réaliser un système de filtration (10) associé à la pompe (19), comportant un élément modulaire de filtration (10a) supérieur et au moins un élément modulaire de filtration (10a) inférieu r, conçus respectivement pour traiter des polluants en surface d'une nappe d'eau et des polluants dissous dans ladite nappe d'eau. La conception modulaire du système de filtration (10) présente également l'avantage de pouvoir être adaptée notamment à la nature des polluants et à leur concentration dans les eaux souterraines. (10). The latter comprises an assembly of three modular filtration elements (10a). The assembly is carried out with the through passage (21) serving as support, incorporating for example a means of mblage or fixing. Each modular filtration element has an external wall (10b), allowing the water to penetrate into an annular internal volume (10e), extending around the central passage (21) and containing a filtration material. Each tubular filtration element (10a) contains at least one type of adsorbent material. It is thus possible to produce a filtration system (10) associated with the pump (19), comprising an upper modular filtration element (10a) and at least one lower modular filtration element (10a), respectively designed to treat pollutants by surface of a water table and pollutants dissolved in said water table. The modular design of the filtration system (10) also has the advantage of being able to be adapted in particular to the nature of the pollutants and their concentration in groundwater.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de dépollution d'eaux souterraines contenant des métaux lourds, hydrocarbures et/ou autres polluants, consistant à : - utiliser une colonne de drainage s'étendant au moins de la surface jusqu'à un niveau immergé des eaux souterraines, - faire passer les eaux dans un système de filtration (10) inséré dans la colonne de drainage, - établir une circulation en circuit fermé des eaux souterraines allant sensiblement de la surface vers le niveau immergé dans la colonne de drainage et du niveau immergé vers la surface à l'extérieur de ladite colonne en drainant les produits polluants dans le milieu souterrain ve rs la colonne de drainage.1. Process for the depollution of groundwater containing heavy metals, hydrocarbons and / or other pollutants, consisting in: - using a drainage column extending at least from the surface to a submerged level of groundwater, - doing pass the water through a filtration system (10) inserted in the drainage column, - establish a closed circuit circulation of the groundwater going substantially from the surface to the level submerged in the drainage column and from the level submerged to the surface to the outside of said column by draining pollutants into the underground environment towards the drainage column.
2. Procédé de dépollution selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser une pompe (19) immergée en aval du système de filtration (10), générant la circulation des eaux souterraines.2. depollution method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in using a pump (19) immersed downstream of the filtration system (10), generating the circulation of groundwater.
3. Procédé de dépollution, selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à asservir le fonctionnement de la pompe (19) en fonction du niveau de la nappe d'eaux souterraines, au voisinage du tube de forage. 3. depollution method, according to claim 2, characterized in that it consists in slaving the operation of the pump (19) as a function of the level of the groundwater table, in the vicinity of the drilling tube.
4. Procédé de dépollution selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à utiliser l'énergie solaire pour alimenter électriquement la pompe (19).4. depollution method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it consists in using solar energy to electrically supply the pump (19).
5. Procédé de dépollution selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à choisir le niveau ou la profondeu r au voisinage de laquelle est effectuée la réinjection des eaux filtrées et/ou traitées dans le milieu souterrain.5. depollution method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it consists in choosing the level or the depth in the vicinity of which is carried out the reinjection of the filtered and / or treated water in the underground medium .
6. Dispositif de dépollution pour dépolluer des sols, terrains et/ou des eaux souterraines, comportant : - une colonne de drainage sous forme de tube de forage (1) s'étendant de la surface du sol jusqu'à un niveau immergé dans un milieu souterrain constitué de terre et/ou autres matières, et d'eaux souterraines présentes en nappes souterraines plus ou moins diffuses, - des orifices d'admission (5) ménagés dans le tube de forage (1 ) sensiblement autour de la surface des eaux souterraines à traiter, - un système de filtration (10) et de dépollution inséré dans le tube de forage (1) et à travers lequel circulent les eaux souterraines à dépolluer, et - une pompe (19) de circulation immergée, provoquant le mouvement de circulation forcée, en circuit fermé des eaux souterraines, - et des orifices d'expulsion (8) ménagés en partie basse (9) immergée du tube de forage (1), réinjectant les eaux filtrées dans le milieu souterrain. 6. Depollution device for depolluting soil, land and / or groundwater, comprising: - a drainage column in the form of a drilling tube (1) extending from the ground surface to a level immersed in a underground environment made up of earth and / or other matter, and underground water present in more or less diffuse underground aquifers, - intake orifices (5) formed in the drill pipe (1) substantially around the surface of the water underground water to be treated, - a filtration (10) and pollution control system inserted into the drilling tube (1) and through which the underground water to be decontaminated circulates, and - a submerged circulation pump (19), causing the forced circulation movement, in a closed circuit of groundwater, - and expulsion orifices (8) formed in the lower part (9) immersed in the drilling tube (1), reinjecting the filtered water into the underground environment.
7. Dispositif de dépollution selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le système de filtration (10) présente une ouverture d'entrée (12), collecta-nt les eaux souterraines pénétrant dans le tube de forage (1) par les orifices d'admission (5), et une ouverture de sortie (13) débouchant sur un tube de refoulement (14) dont le diamètre est inférieur au diamètre du tube de forage (1 ) et s'étendant jusqu'en partie basse du tube de forage (1 ).7. pollution control device according to claim 6, characterized in that the filtration system (10) has an inlet opening (12), collect-nt groundwater entering the drilling tube (1) through the orifices d inlet (5), and an outlet opening (13) opening onto a delivery tube (14) whose diameter is less than the diameter of the drilling tube (1) and extending to the lower part of the drilling tube (1).
8. Dispositif de dépollution selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre de l'ouverture d'entrée (12) est supérieur au diamètre de l'ouverture de sortie (13).8. depollution device according to claim 7, characterized in that the diameter of the inlet opening (12) is greater than the diameter of the outlet opening (13).
9. Dispositif de dépollution selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe anti-retour (15) positionné au voisinage de l'extrémité basse (9) du tube de refoulement (14), obturant l'espace annulaire délimité entre le tube de refoulement (14) et le tube de forage (1), empêchant des remontées d'eaux dans le tube de forage (1).9. depollution device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises a non-return member (15) positioned in the vicinity of the lower end (9) of the delivery tube (14), closing off the space annular delimited between the delivery tube (14) and the drilling tube (1), preventing water from rising in the drilling tube (1).
10. Dispositif de dépollution selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à S, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moyen de levage(16) raccordé au système de filtration (10) et susceptible de modifier le positionnement du sous-ensemble comprenant le système de filtration (10) et le tube de refoulement (14).10. pollution control device according to any one of claims 7 to S, characterized in that it comprises a lifting means (16) connected to the filtration system (10) and capable of modifying the positioning of the subassembly comprising the filtration system (10) and the delivery tube (14).
1 1 . Dispositif de dépollution selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un organe de guidage (17) solidaire du tube de refoulement (14) et s'appuyant sur la paroi interne du tube de forage (1).1 1. Pollution control device according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises at least one guide member (17) integral with the delivery tube (14) and bearing on the internal wall of the drilling tube (1).
12. Dispositif de dépollution selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 1 "1 , caractérisé en ce que le tube de refoulement (14) est constitué d'un assemblage de tubes modulaires. 12. Pollution control device according to any one of claims 7 to 1 " 1, characterized in that the delivery tube (14) consists of an assembly of modular tubes.
13. Dispositif de dépollution selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la pompe (19) de circulation immergée est positionnée dans le tube de forage (1) au voisinage de l'ouverture de sortie (13), ou en aval du système de filtration (10), refoulant les eaux filtrées et dépolluées dans le tube de refoulement (14). 13. depollution device according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the submerged circulation pump (19) is positioned in the drilling tube (1) in the vicinity of the outlet opening (13), or downstream of the filtration system (10), discharging the filtered and depolluted water into the discharge tube (14).
14. Dispositif de dépollution selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un flotteur (22), se déplaçant dans le tube de forage (1) et coopérant avec les orifices d'admission (5) de manière à limiter l'aspiration d'eaux dans le tube de forage (1)à la partie supérieure de la nappe et à sa surface.14. depollution device according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that it comprises a float (22), moving in the drilling tube (1) and cooperating with the intake orifices (5) in a way to limit the suction of water in the drilling tube (1) at the top of the water table and on its surface.
15. Dispositif de dépollution selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 1 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens d'asservissement, pilotant le fonctionnement de la pompe (19) en fonction d'informations issues d'un moyen de détection du niveau de la nappe dans le milieu souterrain, au voisinage ou dans le tube de forage (1).15. depollution device according to any one of claims 6 to 1 4, characterized in that it comprises control means, controlling the operation of the pump (19) according to information from a means of detection of the level of the water table in the underground environment, in the vicinity or in the drill pipe (1).
16. Dispositif de dépollution selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de détection du niveau de la nappe comporte un flotteur (22). 16. depollution device according to claim 15, characterized in that the means for detecting the level of the sheet comprises a float (22).
17. Dispositif de dépollution selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 1 6, caractérisé en ce que le système de filtration (10) contient au moins un ty pe de matériau adsorbant, à travers lequel circulent les eaux à dépolluer.17. Pollution control device according to any one of claims 6 to 1 6, characterized in that the filtration system (10) contains at least one type of adsorbent material, through which the water to be polluted circulates.
18. Dispositif de dépollution selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 1 7, caractérisé en ce que le système de filtration (10) comporte un assemblage d'au moins deux éléments de filtration modulaires (10a). 18. pollution control device according to any one of claims 6 to 1 7, characterized in that the filtration system (10) comprises an assembly of at least two modular filtration elements (10a).
PCT/FR2005/000624 2004-03-15 2005-03-15 Device and method for the in-situ removal of pollution from water tables WO2005099922A1 (en)

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FR0402645A FR2867465B1 (en) 2004-03-15 2004-03-15 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR IN SITU DEPOLLUTION OF UNDERGROUND NAPPLES
FR0402645 2004-03-15

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CN109909286B (en) * 2019-03-19 2020-11-13 泰顺县王日飞家庭农场 Agricultural soil prosthetic devices

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EP0418570A1 (en) * 1989-09-16 1991-03-27 IEG Industrie-Engineering GmbH Device for the purification of polluted ground water
EP0571812A1 (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-01 IEG Industrie-Engineering GmbH Device for removing volatile contaminants from ground water
US5302286A (en) * 1992-03-17 1994-04-12 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method and apparatus for in situ groundwater remediation
DE4421026A1 (en) * 1994-06-16 1994-11-03 Zueblin Ag Process for removing light liquid phases
US5509479A (en) * 1994-09-08 1996-04-23 Emmons; Phillips C. Subterranean remediation pump and process for use

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4497370A (en) * 1982-08-12 1985-02-05 Breslin Michael K Apparatus and method for recovery of liquid hydrocarbons from ground water
EP0418570A1 (en) * 1989-09-16 1991-03-27 IEG Industrie-Engineering GmbH Device for the purification of polluted ground water
US5302286A (en) * 1992-03-17 1994-04-12 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Method and apparatus for in situ groundwater remediation
EP0571812A1 (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-12-01 IEG Industrie-Engineering GmbH Device for removing volatile contaminants from ground water
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FR2867465A1 (en) 2005-09-16

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