WO2005119586A1 - Security document - Google Patents

Security document Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005119586A1
WO2005119586A1 PCT/EP2005/005955 EP2005005955W WO2005119586A1 WO 2005119586 A1 WO2005119586 A1 WO 2005119586A1 EP 2005005955 W EP2005005955 W EP 2005005955W WO 2005119586 A1 WO2005119586 A1 WO 2005119586A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transponder
security document
state
substrate
communication
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/005955
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joergen Brosow
Original Assignee
Joergen Brosow
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Joergen Brosow filed Critical Joergen Brosow
Publication of WO2005119586A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005119586A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/073—Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory
    • G06K19/07309—Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers
    • G06K19/07345—Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers by activating or deactivating at least a part of the circuit on the record carrier, e.g. ON/OFF switches
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/005—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings the record carrier comprising an arrangement to facilitate insertion into a holding device, e.g. an arrangement that makes the record carrier fit into an etui or a casing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/02—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine
    • G06K19/025—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine the material being flexible or adapted for folding, e.g. paper or paper-like materials used in luggage labels, identification tags, forms or identification documents carrying RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security document with a transponder that can be electrodynamically coupled to an external communication device for contactless communication of data.
  • Such security documents are, in particular, identity cards, passports, access authorization badges or also chip cards, which have become generally known under the term "smart cards".
  • passports are usually issued in the form of small, multi-page booklets.
  • a security paper such as that in, The international application PCT / EP99 / 05390 of the inventor of the present application, which is disclosed as WO 00/07151, and to the disclosure content of which is expressly incorporated by reference both connected to the paper, in particular embedded in the paper pulp.
  • the antenna pattern is used for the electrodynamic coupling to the external communication device, which can be a reader for data stored in the circuit chip or a reader / writer with which not only data can be read from the transponder, but also data can be written into the transponder.
  • the transponder is usually embedded in a plastic substrate.
  • the electrodynamic coupling can be capacitive or inductive in particular.
  • the element of the transponder serving for the contact-free electrodynamic coupling has the form of a dipole antenna.
  • the element of the transponder serving for the contact-free electrodynamic coupling has the form of a dipole antenna.
  • the second case it is in the form of a loop, which can have one or more turns.
  • Such security documents allow personal identification with a high degree of counterfeit security because the technology required for producing the security document with the transponder places very high production requirements that counterfeiters cannot meet.
  • there are almost obvious data protection problems since it cannot be prevented that the data of the security documents carried by people are illegally read at any point.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a security document of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is protected against undesired communication.
  • this object is achieved in that the security document can be changed between an active state in which the ability to communicate is established and a passive state in which the ability to communicate is suppressed.
  • the invention takes advantage of the fact that the legally compliant control of such security documents is only provided at legal control points with the cooperation of the holder of the security document. There is therefore an opportunity for the bearer of the security document to influence it, which, if suitably trained, can be used to produce the active state only for the purposes of legal control, while the ability of the security document to communicate is suppressed. This can be done in particular by temporarily shielding the electrodynamic coupling or temporarily inoperative of an element of the transponder serving the electrodynamic coupling.
  • the transformation of the security document between its communicative, active state and its passive state suppressed with regard to its communication ability is designed in such a way that it takes place as naturally and automatically as possible when the carrier presents the security document for control and then takes it back.
  • a particularly expedient embodiment consists in that the security document has a substrate which is divided into two foldable pages along a fold line and the transponder is arranged on the substrate over the fold line in such a way that it assumes a first form in the folded state in which its communication ability is suppressed is and takes on a second form in the unfolded state, in which its communication ability is established.
  • the embodiment is particularly suitable for passports, which is in the form of a small booklet with a book cover and some pages embedded therein.
  • the substrate is made of paper with the fold line on the spine.
  • the transponder integrated into the book cover for example, across the folding line assumes its unfolded state when the passport is opened for inspection.
  • the passport Before and after the check, the passport is kept in a closed state by its holder, as a result of which the transponder assumes its folded state.
  • an element of the transponder serving for electromagnetic coupling can be deformed in such a way that the coupling is sufficiently suppressed.
  • other components of the transponder could also be short-circuited or disabled in the folded state, so that there is no communication capability.
  • a particularly expedient embodiment of this embodiment consists in that the transponder has a dipole antenna serving for its electrodynamic coupling, one dipole arm on one side and the other dipole arm on the other side.
  • the dipole arms extend orthogonally to the fold line.
  • the two dipole arms extend in the unfolded state of the security document essentially in opposite directions and are therefore effective as an electrodynamic dipole.
  • they point in the same direction in the folded state of the security document, as a result of which the electrodynamic coupling is sufficiently suppressed.
  • the transponder is arranged on one side and the other side is provided with a shield which prevents electromagnetic coupling and which covers at least one element of the transponder serving for electromagnetic coupling in the folded state.
  • the shield can be a thin metal foil or a metallization, which in the example of a passport is arranged in or on a cover page, while the transponder is arranged in or on the other cover page.
  • the shield covers the transponder and thereby suppresses the electrodynamic coupling.
  • the transponder is released by the shielding and thus receives its communication ability.
  • the security document has a substrate provided with the transponder and a sleeve shielding the electromagnetic coupling, into which the substrate is received in the passive state and from which the substrate is removed in the active state.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for chip cards in which the transponder is arranged in a known manner in a card-shaped plastic substrate.
  • the shielding sheath can consist entirely or partially of a metal foil, be provided with such or have corresponding metallizations on a non-metallic surface. The metal suppresses the electrodynamic coupling sufficiently.
  • the owner takes the chip card out of this sleeve and thereby provides the communication cation ability. Otherwise, the chip card remains in the case, which suppresses the ability to communicate.
  • Fig. 1 (a) to (d) a first embodiment
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a passport as a security document, which is designed in the form of a small booklet.
  • Fig. 1 (d) in which this booklet is shown in a partially opened form, an outer cover 1 with two outer pages 2, 2 'and a number of inner pages 3 integrated therein can be seen.
  • the outer pages 2, 2 'and the inner pages 3 are bound together at the back 4 of the booklet.
  • the material thickness of the outer sides 2, 2 ' is somewhat larger than that of the inner sides 3. All sides can consist, for example, of paper, cardboard, plastic or paper-like composite materials.
  • FIG. 1 (c) shows a part of the outer cover 1 with the two outer pages 2, 2 'in the region of the back 4 in the fully opened state, the book block formed by the inner pages 3 being omitted for clarification. In this fully opened state, the two outer sides 2, 2 'extend in one and the same plane.
  • This illustration also shows a transponder which has an electronic circuit chip 5 and, as an element serving for electrodynamic coupling, a dipole antenna with two dipolar arms 6, 6 '.
  • the dipole arm 6 is arranged on the inner surface of the outer side 2 and the dipole arm 6 * on the inner surface of the outer side 2 ′ of the outer envelope 1.
  • the two dipolar arms extend orthogonally to the fold line of the booklet determined by the back 4.
  • the circuit chip 5 is arranged in the area of the back 4 between the two dipolar arms 6, 6 'and is electrically connected to them.
  • the dipole arms 6, 6 'and the circuit chip 5 can be formed on a one-piece polymer strip, which in 1 (c) is connected to the outer sides 2, 2 '.
  • a thin material layer 7, for example made of paper or plastic, is arranged on the inner surfaces of the outer sides 2, 2 'and the dipolar arms 6, 6 1 arranged thereon.
  • 1 (b) shows the transition from the fully unfolded state shown in FIG. 1 (c) to the folded state shown in FIG. 1 (a), with FIG. 1 (b) regarding the opening state roughly as shown in FIG 1 (d) corresponds.
  • the dipole antenna is effective and enables the electrodynamic coupling to an external communication device which, in accordance with the well-known transponder technology, both transmits electrical operating energy for the transponder and also establishes the communication connection.
  • an external communication device which, in accordance with the well-known transponder technology, both transmits electrical operating energy for the transponder and also establishes the communication connection.
  • personal data stored in the circuit chip 5 can be transmitted to the external communication device and evaluated there.
  • the dipole antenna is ineffective, so that the passport cannot be addressed by the external communication device.
  • FIG. 2 corresponds completely to the embodiment of FIG. 1 in terms of book form.
  • the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 are therefore used for corresponding parts, reference being made to the explanations given with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the transponder 8 in the second exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 the structure of which can be of any design and in which, in particular, the element used for the electrodynamic coupling does not necessarily have to be a dipole antenna, but rather, for example, an inductive loop can be arranged alone within the outer side 2 of the outer envelope 1. This is only symbolically represented by hatching in FIG. 2.
  • the other outer side 2 ' is covered on its inner surface with a metal foil 9. Instead of this metal foil 9 Any other metallization that is attached to or incorporated into the outer side 2 ′ can also be considered.
  • the metal foil 9 covers the transponder 8 and thereby shields it sufficiently against the electrodynamic coupling with the external communication device. This suppresses his ability to communicate.
  • the metal foil 9 is removed from the transponder 8 by opening the passport. This eliminates the shielding and damping, as a result of which the transponder 8 gains its ability to communicate with the external communication device.

Abstract

The invention relates to a security document (1) comprising a transponder (8). In order to secure said document against unwanted reading accesses, the document is embodied in such a way that it can be switched between an active state wherein the communication is established, and a passive state wherein the communication is suppressed.

Description

Sicherheitsdokument The security document
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Sicherheitsdokument mit einem Transponder, der mit einem externen Kommunikationsgerät zur berührungsfreien Kommunikation von Daten elektrodynamisch koppelbar ist.The invention relates to a security document with a transponder that can be electrodynamically coupled to an external communication device for contactless communication of data.
Bei derartigen Sicherheitsdokumenten handelt es sich insbesondere um Personalausweise, Reisepässe, Zutrittsberechtigungsausweise oder auch Chipkarten, die allgemein unter dem Begriff „Smartcards" bekanntgeworden sind. Beispielsweise werden Reisepässe zumeist in der Form kleiner mehrseitiger Büchlein ausgegeben. Hierfür eignet sich insbesondere ein Sicherheitspapier wie es beispielsweise in der als WO 00/07151 offengelegten internationalen Anmeldung PCT/EP99/05390 des Erfinders der vorliegenden Anmeldung beschrieben ist und auf deren Offenbarungsgehalt ausdrücklich Bezug genommen wird. Dabei besteht der Transponder aus einem Schaltkreischip und einem Antennenmuster, die beide mit dem Papier verbunden, insbesondere in die Papiermasse eingebettet sind. Über das Antennenmuster erfolgt die elektrodynamische Kopplung mit dem externen Kommunikationsgerät, das ein Lesegerät für in dem Schaltkreischip gespeicherte Daten oder ein Lese-/Schreibgerät sein kann, mit dem nicht nur Daten aus dem Transponder ausgelesen werden, sondern auch Daten in den Transponder eingeschrieben werden. Im Falle von Chipkarten ist der Transponder in der Regel in ein Substrat aus Kunststoff eingebettet.Such security documents are, in particular, identity cards, passports, access authorization badges or also chip cards, which have become generally known under the term "smart cards". For example, passports are usually issued in the form of small, multi-page booklets. A security paper such as that in, The international application PCT / EP99 / 05390 of the inventor of the present application, which is disclosed as WO 00/07151, and to the disclosure content of which is expressly incorporated by reference both connected to the paper, in particular embedded in the paper pulp. The antenna pattern is used for the electrodynamic coupling to the external communication device, which can be a reader for data stored in the circuit chip or a reader / writer with which not only data can be read from the transponder, but also data can be written into the transponder. In the case of chip cards, the transponder is usually embedded in a plastic substrate.
Die Transpondertechnik oder RF-ID-Technik ist dem Fachmann bekannt und wird deshalb hier nicht weiter dargestellt. Es wird lediglich daran erinnert, daß die elektrodynamische Kopplung insbesondere kapazitiver Art oder induktiver Art sein kann. Im erstgenannten Fall hat beispielsweise das der berührungsfreien elektrodynamischen Kopplung dienende Element des Transponders die Form einer Dipolantenne. Im zweitgenannten Fall hat es die Form einer Schleife, die eine oder mehrere Windungen aufweisen kann.The transponder technology or RF-ID technology is known to the person skilled in the art and is therefore not further shown here. It is only remembered that the electrodynamic coupling can be capacitive or inductive in particular. In the former case, for example, the element of the transponder serving for the contact-free electrodynamic coupling has the form of a dipole antenna. In the second case it is in the form of a loop, which can have one or more turns.
Derartige Sicherheitsdokumente erlauben die Personenidentifikation mit einem hohen Grad von Fälschungssicherheit, weil die für die Herstellung des Sicherheitsdokuments mit dem Transponder erforderliche Technologie sehr hohe Produktionsanforderungen stellt, die von Fälschern nicht erfüllt werden können. Sie bergen jedoch ein anderes Sicherheitsrisiko, das darin besteht, daß sie mit geeigneten Kommunikationsgeräten aus Entfernungen von bis zu zehn Metern gelesen werden können. Dadurch wäre es beispielsweise möglich, daß terroristische Täter aus einem Abstand Personen, die ein solches Sicherheitsdokument bei sich tragen, selbst in Personenansammlungen für verbrecherische Zwecke, beispielsweise Anschläge, identifizieren. Im übrigen stellen sich fast unübersehbare Probleme des Datenschutzes, da nicht verhindert werden kann, daß die Daten der von Personen mitgeführten Sicherheitsdokumente an beliebigen Stellen rechtswidrig ausgelesen werden.Such security documents allow personal identification with a high degree of counterfeit security because the technology required for producing the security document with the transponder places very high production requirements that counterfeiters cannot meet. However, they pose another security risk, which is that they can be read with suitable communication devices from distances of up to ten meters. This would, for example, enable terrorist perpetrators to identify people carrying such a security document from a distance, even in groups of people for criminal purposes, such as attacks. For the rest, there are almost obvious data protection problems, since it cannot be prevented that the data of the security documents carried by people are illegally read at any point.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Sicherheitsdokument der eingangs genannten Art derart auszubilden, daß es gegen unerwünschte Kommunikation geschützt ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a security document of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is protected against undesired communication.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß das Sicherheitsdokument zwischen einem aktiven Zustand, in dem die Kommunikationsfähigkeit hergestellt ist und einem passiven Zustand, in dem die Kommunikationsfähigkeit unterdrückt ist, wandelbar ist. Die Erfindung macht sich den Umstand zunutze, daß die gesetzeskonforme Kontrolle derartiger Sicherheitsdokumente nur an legalen Kontrollstellen unter Mitwirkung des Trägers des Sicherheitsdokuments vorgesehen ist. Damit besteht für den Träger des Sicherheitsdokuments eine Einflußmöglichkeit, die bei geeigneter Ausbildung desselben dazu verwendet werden kann, den aktiven Zustand nur für die Zwecke der legalen Kontrolle herzustellen, während im übrigen die Kommunikationsfähigkeit des Sicherheitsdokuments unterdrückt wird. Dies kann insbesondere durch temporäre Abschirmung der elektrodynamischen Kopplung oder temporäre Funktionsunfähigkeit eines der elektrodynamischen Kopplung dienenden Elementes des Transponders geschehen. Die Wandlung des Sicherheitsdokuments zwischen seinem kommunikationsfähigen, aktiven Zustand und seinem hinsichtlich der Kommunikationsfähigkeit unterdrückten passiven Zustand wird dabei derart gestaltet, daß sie sich möglichst natürlich und selbsttätig vollzieht, wenn der Träger das Sicherheitsdokument zur Kontrolle vorlegt und anschließend wieder an sich nimmt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the security document can be changed between an active state in which the ability to communicate is established and a passive state in which the ability to communicate is suppressed. The invention takes advantage of the fact that the legally compliant control of such security documents is only provided at legal control points with the cooperation of the holder of the security document. There is therefore an opportunity for the bearer of the security document to influence it, which, if suitably trained, can be used to produce the active state only for the purposes of legal control, while the ability of the security document to communicate is suppressed. This can be done in particular by temporarily shielding the electrodynamic coupling or temporarily inoperative of an element of the transponder serving the electrodynamic coupling. The transformation of the security document between its communicative, active state and its passive state suppressed with regard to its communication ability is designed in such a way that it takes place as naturally and automatically as possible when the carrier presents the security document for control and then takes it back.
Eine besonders zweckmäßige Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß das Sicherheitsdokument ein längs einer Faltlinie in zwei zusammenfaltbare Seiten unterteiltes Substrat aufweist und der Transponder an dem Substrat über die Faltlinie hinweg derart angeordnet ist, daß er in gefaltetem Zustand eine erste Form einnimmt, in der seine Kommunikationsfähigkeit unterdrückt ist und im entfalteten Zustand eine zweite Form einnimmt, in der seine Kommunikationsfähigkeit hergestellt ist. Die Ausführungsform ist insbesondere für Reisepässe geeignet, die in der Form eines kleinen Büchleins mit einem Buchumschlag und einigen darin eingebundenen Seiten besteht. In diesem Fall besteht das Substrat aus Papier, wobei die Faltlinie am Buchrücken liegt. Der beispielsweise in den Buchumschlag über die Faltlinie hinweg integrierte Transponder nimmt dabei seinen entfalteten Zustand an, wenn der Reisepaß zur Kontrolle geöffnet wird. Vor und nach der Kontrolle wird der Reisepaß von seinem Träger in geschlossenem Zustand verwahrt, wodurch der Transponder seinen gefalteten Zustand einnimmt. In diesem Zustand kann beispielsweise ein zur elektromagnetischen Kopplung dienendes Element des Transponders derart deformiert sein, daß die Kopplung ausreichend unterdrückt ist. Alternativ könnten auch andere Bestandteile des Transponders im gefalteten Zustand kurzgeschlossen oder außer Kraft gesetzt sein, so daß keine Kommunikationsfähigkeit besteht. Eine besonders zweckmäßige Ausgestaltung dieser Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß der Transponder eine seiner elektrodynamischen Kopplung dienende Dipolantenne , aufweist, deren einer Dipolarm auf der einen Seite und deren anderer Dipolarm auf der anderen Seite angeordnet ist. Insbesondere ist dabei in weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung vorgesehen, daß sich die Dipolarme orthogonal zur Faltlinie erstrecken. Bei dieser Ausbildung erstrecken sich die beiden Dipolarme im entfalteten Zustand des Sicherheitsdokuments im wesentlichen in zueinander entgegengesetzten Richtungen und sind dadurch als elektrodynamischer Dipol wirksam. Dagegen weisen sie im gefalteten Zustand des Sicherheitsdokuments in dieselbe Richtung, wodurch die elektrodynamische Kopplung ausreichend stark unterdrückt ist.A particularly expedient embodiment consists in that the security document has a substrate which is divided into two foldable pages along a fold line and the transponder is arranged on the substrate over the fold line in such a way that it assumes a first form in the folded state in which its communication ability is suppressed is and takes on a second form in the unfolded state, in which its communication ability is established. The embodiment is particularly suitable for passports, which is in the form of a small booklet with a book cover and some pages embedded therein. In this case, the substrate is made of paper with the fold line on the spine. The transponder integrated into the book cover, for example, across the folding line assumes its unfolded state when the passport is opened for inspection. Before and after the check, the passport is kept in a closed state by its holder, as a result of which the transponder assumes its folded state. In this state, for example, an element of the transponder serving for electromagnetic coupling can be deformed in such a way that the coupling is sufficiently suppressed. Alternatively, other components of the transponder could also be short-circuited or disabled in the folded state, so that there is no communication capability. A particularly expedient embodiment of this embodiment consists in that the transponder has a dipole antenna serving for its electrodynamic coupling, one dipole arm on one side and the other dipole arm on the other side. In particular, it is provided in a further advantageous embodiment that the dipole arms extend orthogonally to the fold line. In this embodiment, the two dipole arms extend in the unfolded state of the security document essentially in opposite directions and are therefore effective as an electrodynamic dipole. In contrast, they point in the same direction in the folded state of the security document, as a result of which the electrodynamic coupling is sufficiently suppressed.
Eine andere zweckmäßige Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß der Transponder auf der einen Seite angeordnet und die andere Seite mit einer die elektromagnetische Kopplung hindernden Abschirmung versehen ist, die mindestens ein der elektromagnetischen Kopplung dienendes Element des Transponders in gefaltetem Zustand überdeckt. Die Abschirmung kann eine dünne Metallfolie oder eine Metallisierung sein, die im Beispiel eines Reisepasses in oder an einer Umschlagseite angeordnet ist, während der Transponder in oder an der anderen Umschlagseite angeordnet ist. Im geschlossenen Zustand des Reisepasses überdeckt die Abschirmung den Transponder und unterdrückt dadurch die elektrodynamische Kopplung. Im geöffneten Zustand wird der Transponder von der Abschirmung freigegeben und erhält dadurch seine Kommunikationsfähigkeit.Another expedient embodiment consists in that the transponder is arranged on one side and the other side is provided with a shield which prevents electromagnetic coupling and which covers at least one element of the transponder serving for electromagnetic coupling in the folded state. The shield can be a thin metal foil or a metallization, which in the example of a passport is arranged in or on a cover page, while the transponder is arranged in or on the other cover page. When the passport is closed, the shield covers the transponder and thereby suppresses the electrodynamic coupling. In the open state, the transponder is released by the shielding and thus receives its communication ability.
Weiterhin liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß das Sicherheitsdokument ein mit dem Transponder versehenes Substrat und eine die elektromagnetische Kopplung abschirmende Hülle aufweist, in die das Substrat im passiven Zustand aufgenommen und aus der das Substrat im aktiven Zustand herausgenommen ist. Diese Ausgestaltung ist insbesondere für Chipkarten geeignet, bei denen der Transponder in bekannter Weise in einem kartenförmigen Kunststoffsubstrat angeordnet ist. Die abschirmende Hülle kann ganz oder teilweise aus einer Metallfolie bestehen, mit einer solchen versehen sein oder entsprechende Metallisierungen auf einem nichtmetallischen Untergrund aufweisen. Durch das Metall wird die elektrodynamische Kopplung ausreichend unterdrückt. Zur Vorlage oder Benutzung nimmt der Inhaber die Chipkarte aus dieser Hülle heraus und stellt dadurch die Kommuni- kationsfähigkeit her. Ansonsten bleibt die Chipkarte in der Hülle verwahrt, wodurch die Kommunikationsfähigkeit unterdrückt ist.Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention that the security document has a substrate provided with the transponder and a sleeve shielding the electromagnetic coupling, into which the substrate is received in the passive state and from which the substrate is removed in the active state. This embodiment is particularly suitable for chip cards in which the transponder is arranged in a known manner in a card-shaped plastic substrate. The shielding sheath can consist entirely or partially of a metal foil, be provided with such or have corresponding metallizations on a non-metallic surface. The metal suppresses the electrodynamic coupling sufficiently. For presentation or use, the owner takes the chip card out of this sleeve and thereby provides the communication cation ability. Otherwise, the chip card remains in the case, which suppresses the ability to communicate.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1(a) bis (d) ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel undFig. 1 (a) to (d) a first embodiment and
Fig. 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel.Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment.
Fig. 1 zeigt als Sicherheitsdokument einen Reisepaß, der in Form eines kleinen Büchleins ausgebildet ist. In Fig. 1(d), in der dieses Büchlein in teilweise geöffneter Form dargestellt ist, sind ein äußerer Umschlag 1 mit zwei äußeren Seiten 2, 2' und eine Anzahl darin eingebundener innerer Seiten 3 erkennbar. Die äußeren Seiten 2, 2' und die inneren Seiten 3 sind an dem Rücken 4 des Büchleins zusammengebunden. Dort befindet sich die Faltlinie, längs der die äußeren und inneren Seiten 2, 21, 3 aufgefaltet werden, wenn das Büchlein geöffnet wird. Die Materialstärke der äußeren Seiten 2, 2' ist etwas größer als die der inneren Seiten 3. Alle Seiten können beispielsweise aus Papier, Pappe, Kunststoff oder papierähnlichen Verbundmaterialien bestehen.1 shows a passport as a security document, which is designed in the form of a small booklet. In Fig. 1 (d), in which this booklet is shown in a partially opened form, an outer cover 1 with two outer pages 2, 2 'and a number of inner pages 3 integrated therein can be seen. The outer pages 2, 2 'and the inner pages 3 are bound together at the back 4 of the booklet. There is the fold line along which the outer and inner pages 2, 2 1 , 3 are unfolded when the booklet is opened. The material thickness of the outer sides 2, 2 'is somewhat larger than that of the inner sides 3. All sides can consist, for example, of paper, cardboard, plastic or paper-like composite materials.
In Fig. 1(c) ist ein Teil des äußeren Umschlags 1 mit den beiden äußeren Seiten 2, 2' im Bereich des Rückens 4 im vollständig aufgeschlagenen Zustand dargestellt, wobei zur Verdeutlichung der von den inneren Seiten 3 gebildete Buchblock weggelassen wurde. In diesem vollständig aufgeschlagenen Zustand erstrecken sich die beiden äußeren Seiten 2, 2' in ein und derselben Ebene. Weiter läßt diese Darstellung einen Transponder erkennen, der einen elektronischen Schaltkreischip 5 und als zur elektrodynamischen Kopplung dienendes Element eine Dipolantenne mit zwei Dipolarmen 6, 6' aufweist. Der Dipolarm 6 ist auf der inneren Oberfläche der äußeren Seite 2 und der Dipolarm 6* auf der inneren Oberfläche der äußeren Seite 2' des äußeren Umschlags 1 angeordnet. Die beiden Dipolarme erstrecken sich orthogonal zu der durch den Rücken 4 bestimmten Faltlinie des Büchleins. Der Schaltkreischip 5 ist im Bereich des Rückens 4 zwischen den beiden Dipolarmen 6, 6' angeordnet und mit diesen elektrisch verbunden. Beispielsweise können die Dipolarme 6, 6' und der Schaltkreischip 5 auf einem einstückigen Polymerstreifen ausgebildet sein, der in der in Fig. 1(c) dargestellten Weise mit den äußeren Seiten 2, 2' verbunden wird. Auf den inneren Oberflächen der äußeren Seiten 2, 2' und den darauf angeordneten Dipolarmen 6, 61 ist eine dünne Materialschicht 7, beispielsweise aus Papier oder Kunststoff, angeordnet. In Fig. 1(a) ist der Reisepaß im geschlossenen Zustand dargestellt, in dem die äußeren Seiten 2, 2' und die daran angeordneten Dipolarme 6, 6' sowie auch die inneren Seiten 3 vollständig zusammengefaltet sind, so daß sie sich zueinander parallel erstrecken. Fig. 1(b) zeigt den Übergang von dem in Fig. 1 (c) dargestellten vollständig entfalteten Zustand in den in Fig. 1(a) dargestellten zusammengefalteten Zustand, wobei Fig. 1(b) hinsichtlich des Öffnungszustandes etwa der Darstellung in Fig. 1(d) entspricht.1 (c) shows a part of the outer cover 1 with the two outer pages 2, 2 'in the region of the back 4 in the fully opened state, the book block formed by the inner pages 3 being omitted for clarification. In this fully opened state, the two outer sides 2, 2 'extend in one and the same plane. This illustration also shows a transponder which has an electronic circuit chip 5 and, as an element serving for electrodynamic coupling, a dipole antenna with two dipolar arms 6, 6 '. The dipole arm 6 is arranged on the inner surface of the outer side 2 and the dipole arm 6 * on the inner surface of the outer side 2 ′ of the outer envelope 1. The two dipolar arms extend orthogonally to the fold line of the booklet determined by the back 4. The circuit chip 5 is arranged in the area of the back 4 between the two dipolar arms 6, 6 'and is electrically connected to them. For example, the dipole arms 6, 6 'and the circuit chip 5 can be formed on a one-piece polymer strip, which in 1 (c) is connected to the outer sides 2, 2 '. A thin material layer 7, for example made of paper or plastic, is arranged on the inner surfaces of the outer sides 2, 2 'and the dipolar arms 6, 6 1 arranged thereon. In Fig. 1 (a) the passport is shown in the closed state, in which the outer sides 2, 2 'and the dipole arms 6, 6' arranged thereon and also the inner sides 3 are completely folded up so that they extend parallel to one another , 1 (b) shows the transition from the fully unfolded state shown in FIG. 1 (c) to the folded state shown in FIG. 1 (a), with FIG. 1 (b) regarding the opening state roughly as shown in FIG 1 (d) corresponds.
In dem in Fig. 1(c) dargestellten entfalteten Zustand erstrecken sich die Dipolarme 6, 6' in zueinander entgegengesetzten Richtungen. In diesem Zustand ist die Dipolantenne wirksam und ermöglicht die elektrodynamische Kopplung mit einem externen Kommunikationsgerät, das gemäß der weithin bekannten Transpondertechnologie sowohl elektrische Betriebsenergie für den Transponder überträgt als auch die Kommunikationsverbindung herstellt. Hierdurch können beispielsweise in dem Schaltkreischip 5 gespeicherte Personendaten an das externe Kommunikationsgerät übertragen und dort ausgewertet werden. Dagegen ist in dem in Fig. 1(a) dargestellten zusammengefalteten Zustand des Reisepasses die Dipolantenne unwirksam, so daß der Reisepaß von dem externen Kommunikationsgerät nicht angesprochen werden kann.In the deployed state shown in Fig. 1 (c), the dipole arms 6, 6 'extend in opposite directions to each other. In this state, the dipole antenna is effective and enables the electrodynamic coupling to an external communication device which, in accordance with the well-known transponder technology, both transmits electrical operating energy for the transponder and also establishes the communication connection. In this way, for example, personal data stored in the circuit chip 5 can be transmitted to the external communication device and evaluated there. In contrast, in the folded state of the passport shown in FIG. 1 (a), the dipole antenna is ineffective, so that the passport cannot be addressed by the external communication device.
Das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht hinsichtlich der Buchform vollständig dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 1. Für entsprechende Teile sind daher dieselben Bezugszeichen wie in Fig. 1 verwendet, wobei auf die anhand von Fig. 1 dargelegten Erläuterungen verwiesen wird.The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 corresponds completely to the embodiment of FIG. 1 in terms of book form. The same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 are therefore used for corresponding parts, reference being made to the explanations given with reference to FIG. 1.
Abweichend von dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist in dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 2 der Transponder 8, dessen Aufbau beliebig sein kann und bei dem insbesondere das zur elektrodynamischen Kopplung dienende Element nicht notwendigerweise eine Dipolantenne sein muß, sondern beispielsweise eine induktive Schleife sein kann, allein innerhalb der äußeren Seite 2 des äußeren Umschlags 1 angeordnet. Dies ist in Fig. 2 nur symbolisch durch Schraffur dargestellt. Die andere äußere Seite 2' ist an ihrer inneren Oberfläche mit einer Metallfolie 9 belegt. Statt dieser Metallfolie 9 kommt auch jede andere Metallisierung in Betracht, die an der äußeren Seite 2' angebracht oder in sie eingearbeitet ist.Deviating from the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the transponder 8 in the second exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2, the structure of which can be of any design and in which, in particular, the element used for the electrodynamic coupling does not necessarily have to be a dipole antenna, but rather, for example, an inductive loop can be arranged alone within the outer side 2 of the outer envelope 1. This is only symbolically represented by hatching in FIG. 2. The other outer side 2 'is covered on its inner surface with a metal foil 9. Instead of this metal foil 9 Any other metallization that is attached to or incorporated into the outer side 2 ′ can also be considered.
Wenn das Büchlein vollständig geschlossen ist, überdeckt die Metallfolie 9 den Transponder 8 und schirmt ihn dadurch in ausreichendem Maße gegen die elektrodynamische Kopplung mit dem externen Kommunikationsgerät ab. Seine Kommunikationsfähigkeit wird dadurch unterdrückt. Durch das Öffnen des Reisepasses wird die Metallfolie 9 von dem Transponder 8 entfernt. Dadurch entfällt die Abschirmung und Dämpfung, wodurch der Transponder 8 seine Kommunikationsfähigkeit mit dem externen Kommunikationsgerät gewinnt. When the booklet is completely closed, the metal foil 9 covers the transponder 8 and thereby shields it sufficiently against the electrodynamic coupling with the external communication device. This suppresses his ability to communicate. The metal foil 9 is removed from the transponder 8 by opening the passport. This eliminates the shielding and damping, as a result of which the transponder 8 gains its ability to communicate with the external communication device.
VERZEICHNIS DER BEZUGSZEICHENLIST OF REFERENCES
äußerer Umschlag, 2' äußere Seiten innere Seiten Rücken Schaltkreischip, 6' Dipolarme dünne Materialschicht Transponder Metallfolie outer envelope, 2 'outer sides inner sides back circuit chip, 6' Dipolarme thin material layer transponder metal foil

Claims

ANSPRÜCHE EXPECTATIONS
1. Sicherheitsdokument mit einem Transponder (5, 6, 6'; 8), der mit einem externen Kommunikationsgerät zur berührungsfreien Kommunikation von Daten elektrodynamisch koppelbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Sicherheitsdokument zwischen einem aktiven Zustand, in dem die Kommunikationsfähigkeit hergestellt ist und einem passiven Zustand, in dem die Kommunikationsfähigkeit unterdrückt ist, wandelbar ist.1. Security document with a transponder (5, 6, 6 '; 8) which can be electrodynamically coupled to an external communication device for contactless communication of data, characterized in that the security document between an active state in which the communication capability is established and a passive state in which the ability to communicate is suppressed is changeable.
2. Sicherheitsdokument nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein längs einer Faltlinie (4) in zwei zusammenfaltbare Seiten (2, 2') unterteiltes Substrat aufweist und der Transponder (5, 6, 6') an dem Substrat über die Faltlinie (4) hinweg derart angeordnet ist, daß er in gefaltetem Zustand eine erste Form einnimmt, in der seine Kommunikationsfähigkeit unterdrückt ist und im entfalteten Zustand eine zweite Form einnimmt, in der seine Kommunikationsfähigkeit hergestellt ist.2. Security document according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a along a fold line (4) in two foldable sides (2, 2 ') divided substrate and the transponder (5, 6, 6') on the substrate over the fold line ( 4) is arranged away in such a way that in the folded state it assumes a first form in which its communication ability is suppressed and in the unfolded state it assumes a second form in which its communication ability is established.
3. Sicherheitsdokument nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transponder eine seiner elektrodynamischen Kopplung dienende Dipolantenne aufweist, deren einer Dipolarm (6) auf der einen Seite (2) und deren anderer Dipolarm (6') auf der anderen Seite (21) angeordnet ist.3. Security document according to claim 2, characterized in that the transponder has a dipole antenna serving for its electrodynamic coupling, the one dipole arm (6) on one side (2) and the other dipole arm (6 ') on the other side (2 1 ) is arranged.
4. Sicherheitsdokument nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Dipolarme (6, 6') orthogonal zur Faltlinie (4) erstrecken.4. Security document according to claim 3, characterized in that the dipole arms (6, 6 ') extend orthogonally to the fold line (4).
5. Sicherheitsdokument nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transponder (8) auf der einen Seite (2) angeordnet und die andere Seite (2') mit einer die elektromagnetische Kopplung hindernden Abschirmung (9) versehen ist, die mindestens ein der elektromagnetischen Kopplung dienendes Element des Transponders (8) in gefaltetem Zustand überdeckt.5. Security document according to claim 2, characterized in that the transponder (8) is arranged on one side (2) and the other side (2 ') is provided with an electromagnetic coupling shielding shield (9) which at least one of the electromagnetic Coupling serving element of the transponder (8) covered in the folded state.
6. Sicherheitsdokument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein mit dem Transponder versehenes Substrat und eine die elektromagnetische Kopplung abschirmende Hülle aufweist, in die das Substrat im passiven Zustand aufgenommen und aus der das Substrat im aktiven Zustand herausgenommen ist. 6. Security document according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a substrate provided with the transponder and a shielding shielding the electromagnetic coupling, in which the substrate is received in the passive state and from which the substrate is removed in the active state.
PCT/EP2005/005955 2004-06-03 2005-06-02 Security document WO2005119586A1 (en)

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