WO2006019977B1 - Impact excavation system and method - Google Patents
Impact excavation system and methodInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006019977B1 WO2006019977B1 PCT/US2005/025092 US2005025092W WO2006019977B1 WO 2006019977 B1 WO2006019977 B1 WO 2006019977B1 US 2005025092 W US2005025092 W US 2005025092W WO 2006019977 B1 WO2006019977 B1 WO 2006019977B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solid material
- material impactors
- fluid
- weight
- substantial portion
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
Abstract
A method and system for excavating a subterranean formation using a fluid comprising pumping the fluid through at least one nozzle such that a velocity of the fluid when exiting the nozzle is greater than a velocity of the fluid entering the nozzle. A plurality of solid material impactors are introduced into the fluid and circulated with the fluid through the nozzle. A substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately 0.100 inches. The fluid is pumped at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the nozzle. The substantial portion by weight of solid material impactors exit the nozzle and contact the formation.
Claims
AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 05 May 2006 (05.05.06)
1. A method of excavating a subterranean formation using a circulation fluid comprising: pumping the fluid through at least one nozzle such that a velocity of the fluid when exiting said at least one nozzle is greater than a velocity of the fluid entering said at least one nozzle; introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid to circulate said solid material impactors with said fluid through said nozzle, a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors having a mean diameter of less than 0.100 inches; pumping the fluid at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting said at least one nozzle; and contacting the formation with said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising moving said nozzle.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising rotating said nozzle.
4. The method of claim 2 further comprising moving said nozzle vertically.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second when exiting said nozzle.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second when exiting said nozzle.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 750 feet per second when exiting said nozzle.
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8. The method of claim 1 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 350 feet per second and as great as 500 feet per second when exiting said nozzle.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot.
10. The method of claim 1 circulating a majority by weight of said solid material impactors through a plurality of said nozzles.
11. The method of claim 1 further comprising introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute.
12. The method of claim 1 further comprising altering the structural properties of the formation by contacting the formation with said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors to create a structurally altered zone in the formation.
13. The method of claim 12 further comprising altering the structural properties of the formation by forming at least one fracture into the formation.
14. The method of claim 12 further comprising altering the structural properties of the formation by forming a compressive zone in the formation.
15. The method of claim 1 further comprising creating at least one excavation in the formation by contacting the formation with said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors.
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16. The method of claim 1 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors is substantially spherical.
17. The method of claim 1 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors is substantially rounded.
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19. The method of claim 1 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors are of a substantially uniform mean diameter.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors are of a substantially non-uniform mean diameter.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors are of a non-uniform shape.
22. The method of claim 1 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
23. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining at least one or more excavation parameters from a group consisting of (a) a rate of penetration into the formation, (b) a depth of penetration into the formation, (c) a formation excavation factor, (d) the number of solid material impactors introduced into the fluid per unit of time, (e) rate of rotation, (f) the selected circulation rate, (g) the selected pump pressure, and (h) the wellbore fluid dynamics.
24. The method of claim 23 further comprising: monitoring one or more excavation parameters; and altering at least one of the monitored one or more excavation parameters as a function of the monitored one or more excavation parameters.
25. The method of claim 24 further comprising adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to the monitored one or more excavation parameters.
26. The method of claim 24 further comprising: monitoring one or more excavation parameters; and selecting a diameter range of said solid material impactors as a function of at least one of the one or more monitored excavation parameters.
27. The method of claim 1 further comprising: pumping fluid through a dual-discharge nozzle comprising an axial nozzle for generating an axial fluid jet substantially aligned with and coaxial with a jet axis and a
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radially outer nozzle for generating a radially outer fluid jet substantially encircling the jet axis; directing a majority by weight of said solid material impactors into said axial fluid jet; and flowing said axial fluid jet when exiting said axial nozzle at a different velocity than said radially outer fluid jet when exiting said radially outer nozzle.
28. The method of claim 1 further comprising flowing the fluid through said at least one nozzle in a drill bit.
29. The method of claim 1 further comprising substantially separating said plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface to salvage the fluid for recirculation into at least one of the well and another well.
30. A system for excavating a wellbore in a subterranean formation using a fluid circulated into the wellbore through a pipe string, the system comprising: at least one nozzle attached to the pipe string, the fluid circulating through said at least one nozzle such that a velocity of the fluid when exiting said at least one nozzle is greater than a velocity of the fluid when exiting said at least one nozzle; a plurality of solid material impactors introduced into the fluid and circulated through said at least one nozzle, a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors having a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately less than 0.100 inches; the fluid being pumped at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting said at least one nozzle; and a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors contacting the formation.
31. The system of claim 30 further comprising a solid material impactor introducer to introduce said plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid and into the pipe string before circulating said plurality of solid material impactors and the fluid through said at least one nozzle.
32. The system of claim 30 further comprising a separator located at the surface to
substantially separate said plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface of the wellbore to salvage the fluid for recirculation into one of the well and another well.
33. The system of claim 30 further comprising an impactor source vessel for holding at least some of said plurality of solid material impactors before introduction into said impactor introducer.
34. The system of claim 30 further comprising a pump pressurizing the fluid before introduction of said plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid.
35. The system of claim 30 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second when exiting said nozzle.
36. The system of claim 30 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second when exiting said nozzle.
37. The system for claim 30 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 750 feet per second when exiting said nozzle.
38. The system of claim 30 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 350 feet per second and as great as 500 feet per second when exiting said nozzle.
39. The system of claim 30 wherein a substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot.
40. The system of claim 30 wherein a majority by weight of said solid material impactors are circulated through a plurality of said nozzles.
41. The system of claim 30 further comprising introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute.
42. The system of claim 30 further comprising a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors altering the structural properties of the formation by contacting the
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formation to create a structurally altered zone in the formation.
43. The system of claim 42 wherein said structurally altered zone comprises at least one fracture into the formation.
44. The system of claim 42 wherein said structurally altered zone comprises a compressive zone in the formation.
45. The system of claim 30 further comprising a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors creating at least one excavation in the formation by contacting the formation.
46. The system of claim 30 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors is substantially spherical.
47. The system of claim 30 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped.
48. The system of claim 30 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors is substantially rounded.
49. The system of claim 30 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors are of a substantially uniform mean diameter.
50. The system of claim 30 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors are of a substantially non-uniform mean diameter.
51. The system of claim 30 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors are of a non-uniform shape.
52. The system of claim 30 wherein said substantial portion by weight of said solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
53. The system of claim 30 further comprising a drill bit attached to the pipe string, the at least one nozzle being at least partially located in said drill bit.
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54. The system of claim 30 further comprising a dual discharge nozzle comprising: an axial nozzle for generating an axial fluid jet substantially aligned with and coaxial with a jet axis; a radially outer nozzle for generating a radially outer fluid jet substantially encircling the jet axis; and a majority by weight of said solid material impactors being directed into said axial fluid jet.
55. The method of claim 54 wherein said axial fluid jet when exiting said axial nozzle and said radially outer fluid jet when exiting said radially outer nozzle have different velocities.
56. A system for excavating a subterranean formation using a circulation fluid, comprising: means for pumping the fluid through at least one nozzle such that a velocity of the fluid when exiting the at least one nozzle is greater than a velocity of the fluid entering the at least one nozzle; means for introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid to circulate the solid material impactors with the fluid through the nozzle, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors having a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately 0.100 inches; means for pumping the fluid at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle; and means for contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors.
57. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for moving the nozzle.
58. The system of claim 57, further comprising: means for rotating the nozzle.
59. The system of claim 57, further comprising: means for moving the nozzle vertically.
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60. The system of claim 56, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second when exiting the nozzle.
61. The system of claim 56, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second when exiting the nozzle.
62. The system of claim 56, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 750 feet per second when exiting the nozzle.
63. The system of claim 56, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 350 feet per second and as great as 500 feet per second when exiting the nozzle.
64. The system of claim 56, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot.
65. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for circulating a majority by weight of the solid material impactors through a plurality of the nozzles.
66. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute.
67. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for altering the structural properties of the formation by contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors to create a structurally altered zone in the formation.
68. The system of claim 67, further comprising: means for altering the structural properties of the formation by forming at least one fracture into the formation.
69. The system of claim 67, further comprising:
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means for altering the structural properties of the formation by forming a compressive zone in the formation.
70. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for creating at least one excavation in the formation by contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors.
71. The system of claim 56, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially spherical.
72. The system of claim 56, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped.
73. The system of claim 56, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially rounded.
74. The system of claim 56, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a substantially uniform mean diameter.
75. The system of claim 56, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a substantially non-uniform mean diameter.
76. The system of claim 56, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a non-uniform shape.
77. The system of claim 56, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
78. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for determining at least one or more excavation parameters from a group consisting of (a) a rate of penetration into the formation, (b) a depth of penetration into the formation, (c) a formation excavation factor, (d) the number of solid material impactors introduced into the fluid per unit of time, (e) rate of rotation, (f) the selected circulation rate, (g) the selected pump pressure, and (h) the wellbore fluid dynamics.
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79. The system of claim 78, further comprising: means for monitoring one or more excavation parameters; and means for altering at least one of the monitored one or more excavation parameters as a function of the monitored one or more excavation parameters.
80. The system of claim 79, further comprising: means for adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to the monitored one or more excavation parameters.
81. The system of claim 79, further comprising: means for monitoring one or more excavation parameters; and means for selecting a diameter range of the solid material impactors as a function of at least one of the one or more monitored excavation parameters.
82. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for pumping fluid through a dual-discharge nozzle comprising an axial nozzle for generating an axial fluid jet substantially aligned with and coaxial with a jet axis and a radially outer nozzle for generating a radially outer fluid jet substantially encircling the jet axis; means for directing a majority by weight of the solid material impactors into the axial fluid jet; and means for flowing the axial fluid jet when exiting the axial nozzle at a different velocity than the radially outer fluid jet when exiting the radially outer nozzle.
83. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for flowing the fluid through the at least one nozzle in a drill bit.
84. The system of claim 56, further comprising: means for substantially separating the plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface to salvage the fluid for recirculation into at least one of the well and another well.
85. A method of excavating a subterranean formation using a circulation fluid, comprising:
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pumping the fluid through at least one nozzle such that a velocity of the fluid when exiting the at least one nozzle is greater than a velocity of the fluid entering the at least one nozzle; introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid to circulate the solid material impactors with the fluid through the nozzle, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors having a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately 0.100 inches; pumping the fluid at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately
0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle; contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors; moving at least one of the nozzles vertically; rotating at least one of the nozzles; circulating a majority by weight of the solid material impactors through a plurality of the nozzles; introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute; altering the structural properties of the formation by contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors to create a structurally altered zone in the formation; altering the structural properties of the formation by forming at least one fracture into the formation; altering the structural properties of the formation by forming a compressive zone in the formation; creating at least one excavation in the formation by contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors; determining at least one or more excavation parameters from a group consisting of
(a) a rate of penetration into the formation, (b) a depth of penetration into the formation, (c) a formation excavation factor, (d) the number of solid material impactors introduced into the fluid per unit of time, (e) rate of rotation, (f) the selected circulation rate, (g) the selected pump pressure, and (h) the wellbore fluid dynamics; monitoring one or more excavation parameters; adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to the monitored one or more excavation parameters;
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selecting a diameter range of the solid materia! impactors as a function of at least one of the one or more monitored excavation parameters; pumping fluid through a dual-discharge nozzle comprising an axial nozzle for generating an axial fluid jet substantially aligned with and coaxial with a jet axis and a radially outer nozzle for generating a radially outer fluid jet substantially encircling the jet axis; directing a majority by weight of the solid material impactors into the axial fluid jet; flowing the axial fluid jet when exiting the axial nozzle at a different velocity than the radially outer fluid jet when exiting the radially outer nozzle; flowing the fluid through the at least one nozzle in a drill bit; and substantially separating the plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface to salvage the fluid for recirculation into at least one of the well and another well; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second when exiting the nozzle; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially spherical; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a nonuniform shape; and wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
86. A system for excavating a wellbore in a subterranean formation using a fluid circulated into the wellbore through a pipe string, the system comprising: at least one nozzle attached to the pipe string, the fluid circulating through the at least one nozzle such that a velocity of the fluid when exiting the at least one nozzle is greater than a velocity of the fluid entering the at least one nozzle; a solid material impactor introducer to introduce a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid and into the pipe string before circulating the plurality of solid material impactors and the fluid through the at least one nozzle;
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a separator located at the surface to substantially separate the plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface of the wellbore to salvage the fluid for recirculation into one of the well and another well; an impactor source vessel for holding at least some of the plurality of solid material impactors before introduction into the impactor introducer; a pump pressurizing the fluid before introduction of the plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid; a drill bit attached to the pipe string, the at least one nozzle being at least partially located in the drill bit; at least one of the nozzles comprising a dual discharge nozzle comprising: an axial nozzle for generating an axial fluid jet substantially aligned with and coaxial with a jet axis; a radially outer nozzle for generating a radially outer fluid jet substantially encircling the jet axis; and a majority by weight of the solid material impactors being directed into the axial fluid jet; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second when exiting the nozzle; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot; wherein a majority by weight of the solid material impactors are circulated through a plurality of the nozzles; introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute; a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors altering the structural properties of the formation by contacting the formation to create a structurally altered zone in the formation; wherein the structurally altered zone comprises at least one fracture into the formation; wherein the structurally altered zone comprises a compressive zone in the formation; a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors creating at least one excavation in the formation by contacting the formation; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially spherical; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped;
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wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially metallic; and wherein the axial fluid jet when exiting the axial nozzle and the radially outer fluid jet when exiting the radially outer nozzle have different velocities.
A system for excavating a subterranean formation using a circulation fluid, comprising: means for pumping the fluid through at least one nozzle such that a velocity of the fluid when exiting the at least one nozzle is greater than a velocity of the fluid entering the at least one nozzle; means for introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid to circulate the solid material impactors with the fluid through the nozzle, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors having a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately 0.100 inches; means for pumping the fluid at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle; means for contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors; means for moving at least one of the nozzles vertically; means for rotating at least one of the nozzles; means for circulating a majority by weight of the solid material impactors through a plurality of the nozzles; means for introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute; means for altering the structural properties of the formation by contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors to create a structurally altered zone in the formation; means for altering the structural properties of the formation by forming at least one fracture into the formation; means for altering the structural properties of the formation by forming a compressive zone in the formation; means for creating at least one excavation in the formation by contacting the formation with the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors; means for determining at least one or more excavation parameters from a group consisting of (a) a rate of penetration into the formation, (b) a depth of
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penetration into the formation, (c) a formation excavation factor, (d) the number of solid material impactors introduced into the fluid per unit of time,
(e) rate of rotation, (f) the selected circulation rate, (g) the selected pump pressure, and (h) the wellbore fluid dynamics; means for monitoring one or more excavation parameters; means for adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to the monitored one or more excavation parameters; means for selecting a diameter range of the solid material impactors as a function of at least one of the one or more monitored excavation parameters; means for pumping fluid through a dual-discharge nozzle comprising an axial nozzle for generating an axial fluid jet substantially aligned with and coaxial with a jet axis and a radially outer nozzle for generating a radially outer fluid jet substantially encircling the jet axis; means for directing a majority by weight of the solid material impactors into the axial fluid jet; means for flowing the axial fluid jet when exiting the axial nozzle at a different velocity than the radially outer fluid jet when exiting the radially outer nozzle; means for flowing the fluid through the at least one nozzle in a drill bit; and means for substantially separating the plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface to salvage the fluid for recirculation into at least one of the well and another well; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second when exiting the nozzle; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially spherical; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a nonuniform shape; and wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
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88. A method of providing a circulation fluid for use in drilling a bore through a subterranean formation, comprising: introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid to circulate the solid material impactors with the fluid, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors having a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately 0.100 inches; and pumping the fluid at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately 0.075 Ft Lbs.
89. The method of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second.
90. The method of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second.
91. The method of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 750 feet per second.
92. The method of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 350 feet per second and as great as 500 feet per second.
93. The method of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot.
94. The method of claim 88, further comprising: introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute.
95. The method of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially spherical.
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96. The method of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped.
97. The method of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially rounded.
98. The method of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a substantially uniform mean diameter.
99. The method of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a substantially non-uniform mean diameter.
100. The method of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a non-uniform shape.
101. The method of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
102. The method of claim 88, further comprising: adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation.
103. The method of claim 88, further comprising: selecting a diameter range of the solid material impactors as a function of at least one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation.
104. The method of claim 88, further comprising: substantially separating the plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface to salvage the fluid for recirculation into at least one of the bore and another bore.
105. A system for providing a circulation fluid for use in drilling a bore through a subterranean formation, comprising:
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means for introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid to circulate the solid material impactors with the fluid, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors having a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately 0.100 inches; and means for pumping the fluid at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately 0.075 Ft Lbs.
106. The system of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second.
107. The system of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second.
108. The system of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 750 feet per second.
109. The system of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 350 feet per second and as great as 500 feet per second.
110. The system of claim 88, wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot.
111. The system of claim 88, further comprising: means for introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute.
112. The system of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially spherical.
113. The system of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped.
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114. The system of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially rounded.
115. The system of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a substantially uniform mean diameter.
116. The system of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a substantially non-uniform mean diameter.
117. The system of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are of a non-uniform shape.
118. The system of claim 88, wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
119. The system of claim 88, further comprising: means for adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation.
120. The system of claim 88, further comprising: means for selecting a diameter range of the solid material impactors as a function of at least one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation.
121. The system of claim 88, further comprising: means for substantially separating the plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface to salvage the fluid for recirculation into at least one of the bore and another bore.
122. A method of providing a circulation fluid for use in drilling a bore through a subterranean formation, comprising: introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid to circulate the solid material impactors with the fluid, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors having a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately 0.100 inches;
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pumping the fluid at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately
0.075 Ft Lbs; introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute; adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation; adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation; selecting a diameter range of the solid material impactors as a function of at least one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation; and substantially separating the plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface to salvage the fluid for recirculation into at least one of the bore and another bore; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially spherical; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped; and wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
123. A system for providing a circulation fluid for use in drilling a bore through a subterranean formation, comprising: means for introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid to circulate the solid material impactors with the fluid, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors having a mean diameter of equal to or less than approximately 0.100 inches; means for pumping the fluid at a pressure level and a flow rate level sufficient to satisfy an impactor mass-velocity relationship wherein a substantial portion by
64
weight of the solid material impactors has a minimum kinetic energy of approximately 0.075 Ft Lbs; means for introducing at least 1000 solid material impactors into the fluid per minute; means for adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation; means for adjusting a rate of solid material impactor introduction into the fluid in response to one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation; means for selecting a diameter range of the solid material impactors as a function of at least one or more excavation parameters determined during the drilling of the bore through a subterranean formation; and means for substantially separating the plurality of solid material impactors from the fluid at the surface to salvage the fluid for recirculation into at least one of the bore and another bore; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a velocity of at least 100 feet per second and as great as 1200 feet per second; wherein a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors have a density of at least 470 pounds per cubic foot; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially spherical; wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially crystalline shaped; and wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is substantially metallic.
124. The method of claim 1 wherein a majority by weight of said solid material impactors comprise a mean diameter of less than 0.100 inches.
125. The system of claim 30 wherein a majority by weight of said solid material impactors comprise a mean diameter of less than 0.100 inches.
126. A method of excavating a subterranean formation, comprising: pumping a fluid through at least one nozzle; introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors comprising a mean diameter of less than 0.100
65
inches; and circulating the solid material impactors with the fluid through the at least one nozzle so that each solid material impactor in the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors comprises a mean kinetic energy of at least 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle.
127. The method of claim 126 wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is a majority by weight of the solid material impactors.
128. A method of excavating a subterranean formation, comprising: providing a drill bit; locating at least one nozzle in the drill bit; pumping a fluid through the at least one nozzle; introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid, a majority by weight of the solid material impactors comprising a mean diameter of less than 0.100 inches; circulating the solid material impactors with the fluid through the at least one nozzle so that each solid material impactor in the majority by weight of the solid material impactors comprises a mean kinetic energy of at least 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle; and separating one or more of the solid material impactors from the fluid after circulating the solid material impactors with the fluid through the at least one nozzle.
129. A system of excavating a subterranean formation, comprising: means for pumping a fluid through at least one nozzle; means for introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors comprising a mean diameter of less than 0.100 inches; and means for circulating the solid material impactors with the fluid through the at least one nozzle so that each solid material impactor in the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors comprises a mean kinetic energy of at least 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle.
130. The system of claim 129 wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is a majority by weight of the solid material impactors.
131. A system of excavating a subterranean formation, comprising:
66
means for providing a drill bit; means for locating at least one nozzle in the drill bit; means for pumping a fluid through the at least one nozzle; means for introducing a plurality of solid material impactors into the fluid, a majority by weight of the solid material impactors comprising a mean diameter of less than 0.100 inches; means for circulating the solid material impactors with the fluid through the at least one nozzle so that each solid material impactor in the majority by weight of the solid material impactors comprises a mean kinetic energy of at least 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle; and means for separating one or more of the solid material impactors from the fluid after circulating the solid material impactors with the fluid through the at least one nozzle.
132. An apparatus for excavating a subterranean formation, comprising: at least one nozzle; at least one pump fluidicly coupled to the at least one nozzle; and a plurality of solid material impactors adapted to be introduced into the fluid and circulated with the fluid through the at least one nozzle, a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors comprising a mean diameter of less than 0.100 inches; wherein the at least one nozzle, the at least one pump and the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors are configured so that each solid material impactor in the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors comprises a kinetic energy of at least 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle.
133. The system of claim 132 wherein the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors is a majority by weight of the solid material impactors.
134. A system for excavating a subterranean formation, comprising: a drill bit; at least one nozzle at least partially located in the drill bit; at least one pump fluidicly coupled to the at least one nozzle; a plurality of solid material impactors adapted to be introduced into the fluid and circulated with the fluid through the at least one nozzle so that a substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors contacts the formation, each solid material impactor in the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors comprising a mean diameter of less than 0.100 inches;
67
a solid material impactor introducer for introducing the solid material impactors into the fluid; an impactor source vessel for holding at least a portion of the solid material impactors before introducing the solid material impactors into the fluid; a separator for separating one or more of the solid material impactors from the fluid after circulating the solid material impactors with the fluid through the at least one nozzle; wherein the at least one nozzle, the at least one pump and the majority by weight of the solid material impactors are configured so that each solid material impactor in the substantial portion by weight of the solid material impactors comprises a kinetic energy of at least 0.075 Ft Lbs when exiting the at least one nozzle.
68
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05771403A EP1787007A2 (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2005-07-15 | Impact excavation system and method |
| NO20070997A NO20070997L (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2007-02-21 | Household extraction system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/897,196 | 2004-07-22 | ||
| US10/897,196 US7503407B2 (en) | 2003-04-16 | 2004-07-22 | Impact excavation system and method |
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| WO2006019977A2 WO2006019977A2 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| WO2006019977A3 WO2006019977A3 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
| WO2006019977B1 true WO2006019977B1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2005/025092 WO2006019977A2 (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2005-07-15 | Impact excavation system and method |
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| US (2) | US7503407B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1787007A2 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20070997L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006019977A2 (en) |
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2004
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2005
- 2005-07-15 EP EP05771403A patent/EP1787007A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-07-15 WO PCT/US2005/025092 patent/WO2006019977A2/en active Application Filing
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2007
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-
2009
- 2009-01-30 US US12/363,119 patent/US8113300B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2006019977A2 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
| US20090223718A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
| US7503407B2 (en) | 2009-03-17 |
| EP1787007A2 (en) | 2007-05-23 |
| US20060016622A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
| NO20070997L (en) | 2007-04-20 |
| US8113300B2 (en) | 2012-02-14 |
| WO2006019977A3 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
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