WO2006024226A1 - Dispositif et procede de realisation d'un contact bout-a-bout avec une plate-forme d'echange avance - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede de realisation d'un contact bout-a-bout avec une plate-forme d'echange avance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006024226A1
WO2006024226A1 PCT/CN2005/001346 CN2005001346W WO2006024226A1 WO 2006024226 A1 WO2006024226 A1 WO 2006024226A1 CN 2005001346 W CN2005001346 W CN 2005001346W WO 2006024226 A1 WO2006024226 A1 WO 2006024226A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
packet
module
advanced switching
frame
payload
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PCT/CN2005/001346
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xiaoyan Hang
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to DE602005013486T priority Critical patent/DE602005013486D1/de
Priority to EP05781835A priority patent/EP1708430B1/en
Publication of WO2006024226A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006024226A1/zh
Priority to US11/505,954 priority patent/US7961757B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/60Software-defined switches
    • H04L49/602Multilayer or multiprotocol switching, e.g. IP switching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/10Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
    • H04L49/102Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction using shared medium, e.g. bus or ring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/35Switches specially adapted for specific applications
    • H04L49/356Switches specially adapted for specific applications for storage area networks
    • H04L49/357Fibre channel switches
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/907Synchronous optical network, SONET

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a service platform docking technology in network communication, in particular to a synchronous digital sequence (SDH, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) or Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) network and an Advanced Switching (AS) platform. Docked protocol interface (PI, Protocol Interface) device and method thereof.
  • SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
  • SONET Synchronous Optical Network
  • AS Advanced Switching
  • AS is an advanced cross-structure.
  • PCI-E bus structure PCI-Express
  • ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
  • SDH/SONET SDH/SONET
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the processing of the data service and the SDH/SONE service is to complete the service scheduling in different cross planes, and the AS uses the unified packet switching technology to put various services in the same switching plane.
  • Conduct a unified exchange at present, the AS core (AS CORE) has been released.
  • AS CORE AS can be connected to 128 kinds of PIs. Each type of service has a corresponding PI.
  • PCI-Express is a serial differential bus structure. The current rate is 2.5Gbps.
  • PIx, Ply, PIz and Plr in the figure are the protocol processing interfaces corresponding to different services.
  • PIx corresponds to ATM service
  • Ply corresponds to SDH/S0NET service
  • PIz corresponds to Ethernet.
  • GE Gigabit Ethernet
  • Plr corresponds to Ethernet Fast Ethernet (FE) service, where x, y, z, r are positive integers less than 128.
  • SDH/SONET, ATM, GE, and FE networks pass their respective PI and AS The cross structures are connected and exchanged.
  • the first main object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for interfacing with an advanced switching platform for interfacing SDH/SONET networks with an AS platform, so that SDH/SONET services can be exchanged through the AS platform. deal with.
  • a first line side interface processing module configured to receive a synchronous digital sequence/synchronous optical network network frame and perform frame scheduling and descrambling processing
  • a de-frame processing module configured to de-frame the signal output by the first line-side interface processing module, and extract a payload
  • a packaging module configured to output the payload of the demapping processing module into a high-level exchange package according to a packet format of the advanced switching platform
  • a first advanced switching interface processing module configured to send the advanced switching package output by the packaging module to a switching fabric of the advanced switching platform
  • the device In the direction of transmission from an advanced switching platform to a synchronous digital sequence/synchronous optical network, the device includes:
  • a second advanced switching interface processing module configured to receive an advanced switching package sent by the advanced switching platform
  • An unpacking module configured to enter an advanced exchange packet received by the second advanced switching interface processing module Line unpacking processing, extracting the payload in the advanced exchange package;
  • mapping module configured to map the payload into a synchronous digital sequence/synchronous optical network network frame
  • the second line side interface processing module is configured to perform scrambling processing on the synchronous digital sequence/synchronous optical network network frame output by the mapping module, and send the data to the synchronous digital sequence/synchronous optical network network.
  • the device is further provided with a cross module between the deframe processing module and the packaging module for time division cross processing;
  • a cross module is further disposed between the packaging module and the first advanced switching interface processing module for packet switching processing.
  • a cross module is further disposed between the unpacking module and the mapping module, and is used for time division cross processing
  • a cross module is further disposed between the unpacking module and the second advanced switching interface processing module for packet switching processing.
  • the first line side interface processing module and the second line side interface processing module of the device are integrated together;
  • the first advanced switching interface processing module and the second advanced switching interface processing module are integrated together.
  • Another main object of the present invention is to provide a method for interfacing with an advanced switching platform, which is used for interfacing between an SDH/SONET network and an AS platform, so as to implement SDH/SONET services to exchange services through the AS platform.
  • a method for interfacing with an advanced switching platform, in a transmission direction of a synchronous digital sequence/synchronous optical network to an advanced switching platform includes:
  • the extracted payload is packaged into an advanced exchange package according to the packet format of the advanced switching platform, and sent to the advanced switching platform;
  • the method includes:
  • the synchronized digital sequence/synchronous optical network network frame is scrambled and sent to the synchronous digital sequence/synchronous optical network network.
  • the packaging process is: converting each complete low-order service signal into a high-level exchange packet;
  • each low-order service signal into multiple parts and make each part into a high-level exchange package
  • the packaging process is: splitting a high-order service into multiple parts, and each part is formed into an advanced exchange package.
  • the method of splitting each low-order or high-order traffic signal into multiple parts by the method is to split the traffic signal by column average.
  • the method further includes: pre-scheduling the service packet size, the allowed delay, the packet utilization, the maximum length allowed by the advanced switching packet, and one of the maximum packet lengths that the physical chip can actually support.
  • the item or multiple determines the number of packages for each service signal.
  • the step B and C of the method further includes: performing time division cross processing on the payload by time slot; Or before performing the packet processing after the packet processing in step C, the method further includes: performing packet switching processing on the obtained advanced switching packet.
  • the step of performing the unpacking after receiving the advanced switching packet in the method step D further includes: performing packet switching processing on the received advanced switching packet;
  • step D Or further comprising, between step D and step E, performing time division cross processing on the payload after the unpacking process.
  • the method further inserts useful overhead bytes as needed during the packaging process described in step C.
  • the present invention provides a complete interworking scheme between the SDH/SONET network and the AS platform, so that the SDH/SONET service can easily exchange and transmit services of any granularity in the AS platform.
  • the present invention further adds a partial data crossover function to the PI, so that the present invention can also perform time division crossing of the first level packet in the PI, and reduce the buffer space for the intermediate level cross (ie, AS exchange). The need to greatly increase the achievability of the physical chip and reduce the complexity and difficulty of the AS implementation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a network structure based on AS
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a PI in an uplink direction according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a PI in a downlink direction according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of processing logic of a PI according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cross process according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an uplink structure of a PI that increases crossover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a downlink structure of a PI that increases crossover according to an embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a PI device and method for interfacing between an SDH/SONET network and an AS platform system, so that the SDH/SONET service can smoothly enter the AS platform system for processing.
  • the PI device of the present invention can be applied to the upstream direction from the SDH/SONET network to the AS platform, and the downstream direction from the AS platform to the SDH/SONET network.
  • the uplink processing unit is configured to send the SDH/SONET service to the AS platform system for exchange processing, and the downlink portion of the PI processing device is configured to exchange the processed AS package through the AS platform system.
  • the mapping process is framed and transmitted to the SDH/SONET network for transmission.
  • FIG. 2 The structure of the PI device used for uplink processing is shown in Figure 2, including:
  • the line side interface processing module 201 provides an interface for the SDH/SONET service to enter the PI device, and mainly performs a framing and descrambling function for the service signal, and cooperates with the frame alignment and the B1 check, and also performs processing. Frame detection function, etc. are available.
  • the de-frame processing module 202 is configured to perform de-frame processing on the data frame after descrambling the interface processing module 201, obtain an overhead in the frame, interpret the pointer, and extract a payload in the frame.
  • the processing of the overhead includes processing the segment overhead and the channel overhead; the pointer interpretation and the payload extraction include: for the high-order service, by interpreting the pointers H1, H2, and H3 to find a high-order service such as VC4.
  • For low-order services by processing the higher-order path overhead, the positions of VI, V2, V3, and V4 are known by H4, and then V5 bytes are located by VI and V2. In this way, the payload of the low-order service can be extracted into the corresponding data RAM for the next step of packet processing.
  • the packetizing module 203 performs packet processing on the payload of the SDH/SONET frame obtained by the de-frame processing according to the format of the AS packet, and adds corresponding overhead as needed.
  • the extracted payloads such as STS-1, STS-3(C)/VC4, etc. are in the format allowed by the AS package. And the length is marked as an AS packet.
  • the extracted payloads such as VT1.5/VC11, VT2/VC12, VT3, VT6/VC2 particles, etc. are packaged into AS packets according to the format and length allowed by the AS package.
  • the AS interface processing module 204 provides an output interface from the PI device to the AS platform system, and converts the AS package outputted by the packaging module into a format required by the AS platform system, and then sends the AS packet into the AS cross structure to facilitate the AS package. Packet switching processing is performed in the AS cross structure.
  • the AS interface module also performs functions such as serial and level shifting. For example, for a 2.5 Gbps signal of an SDH/SONET service, after PI packet processing, in order to meet the packet requirements and service transmission integrity requirements of the AS platform system, additional overhead is required, and therefore, the signal processed by the PI is processed. The rate is greater than 2.5 Gbps, so since the current PCI-E rate is 2.5 Gbps, serial-to-parallel conversion is required in the AS interface module, so that it can be sent to the cross structure of the AS.
  • FIG. 3 The structure of the PI device used for downlink processing is shown in Figure 3, including:
  • the AS interface processing module 301 converts the AS packet from the AS cross structure into a format required for the unpacking module to be sent to the unpacking module for processing.
  • the specific processing is the reverse process of the upstream processing.
  • the unpacking module 302 unpacks the AS package and obtains the overhead and payload. Specifically, after the AS package is unpacked, the extracted overhead is stored in the corresponding random access memory (RAM) for storage, and the extracted payload is stored in the corresponding RAM for further mapping into SDH. Used in the /SONET frame format.
  • RAM random access memory
  • the mapping module 303 remaps the payload output by the unpacking module 302 into an SDH/SONET frame and inserts a corresponding overhead.
  • the line side interface processing module 304 performs a scrambling code, a B1 check, and the like on the data frame output by the mapping module 303, and then transmits the data frame to the SDH/SONET network for transmission.
  • the services in the uplink direction and the downlink direction are separated by two PI devices.
  • the uplink and downlink PI devices can also be combined, and the structure thereof is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the difference from the device of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is that: on the line side, the uplink and downlink service signals are uniformly processed by a line side interface processing module 401, and the module 401 has the above-mentioned uplink and downlink line side interface processing modules 201 and 304.
  • the uplink and downlink service signals are uniformly processed by an AS interface processing module 402, which has the functions of the above-mentioned uplink and downlink AS interface processing modules 204 and 301.
  • the other modules and their functions are the same as the PI devices of Figs. 2 and 3 described above.
  • the method for implementing the SDH/SONET network to interface with the AS platform includes the following steps:
  • the AS interface processing module sends the AS packet received by the AS cross-connection structure to the unpacked module, and the unpacking module unpacks the AS packet to obtain the overhead and payload. Then, the mapping processing module remaps the payload obtained by the unpacking module and the corresponding overhead information into a data frame, and inserts the overhead information, and the process of unpacking and mapping into the data frame is essentially de-framing and packaging. The inverse process of the processing process; Finally, the data frame obtained by the mapping processing module is scrambled by the interface processing module, processed by B1, and then transmitted to the SDH/SONET network for transmission.
  • the core process of the above method is a packing and unpacking process.
  • the packing strategy of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.
  • all or part of the payload can be directly encapsulated in an AS packet according to the extracted payload size; for the overhead processing in the packaging process, according to the definition of AS-CORE, the AS packet has been fixed. 8 bytes overhead, because the length of the packet in the AS is variable, when the packet is encapsulated, in addition to the fixed overhead of the AS packet, some useful overhead bytes can be added or inserted as needed to ensure that the signal is transmitted. Integrity and the need to meet the functionality. Because of the number of overhead bytes, it only affects the actual utilization and bandwidth of the packet, and the packing method is the same, so in the following description, other overhead bytes are temporarily not considered.
  • An SDH/SONET 2.5Gbps rate signal contains several service signals and can be divided into low-order service signals and high-order service signals.
  • the low-order service signal contains 1344 VT1.5 signals or 1008 VC12 signals, etc., so if you want to schedule VT1.5 signals or VC12 low-order services, you must at least make 1344 or 1008 AS packets.
  • For high-order service signals there are 48 STS - 1 signals or 16 VC4s, etc., so at least 48 or 16 packets are required for STS - 1 signals or VC4 signals. Due to the limitation of the maximum length of the AS packet (2176 bytes), it is important to make a suitable packet in the PI. The following describes the packet processing methods for low-order services and high-order services.
  • the present invention preferably adopts two schemes, that is, each particle of the low-order service is grouped into one AS package, or one particle of the low-order service is divided into a plurality of AS packets.
  • VC 12 will be used as an example to describe the packaging methods for low-level service signals:
  • Solution 1 Make each particle of the low-level business into an AS package:
  • the disadvantage is that for the PI device, it is almost impossible to complete the packet processing of the first packet after the completion of one frame reception, resulting in a longer packet delay time, and at least 'requires 2 frames of buffer space. One frame is used to buffer the data, and one frame is used to buffer the data.
  • the first packet of the first 1008 VC12 is followed.
  • Serial or parallel mode is sent to the virtual channel (VC, Virtual Channel) on the AS cross structure, and then the second packet of each VC12 is sent to the AS platform interface, and so on, until the ninth packet of each VC12 Send it in.
  • the AS cross-exchange process it can be sent to the latter PI for unpacking, framing, etc., and then transmitted to the SDH/SONET network.
  • mapping one VC12 into two packets which is reduced by nearly half compared to the storage space of one packet, and the time is saved by nearly half, and the utilization rate of the packet is 69.2%. If mapped to 3, 4, 5 packages, etc. are also possible.
  • the specific packaging processing method is the same as the above-mentioned 9 packets, except that the required storage space and the corresponding delay time are reduced correspondingly.
  • the selection of the mapping into 9 packets in the above embodiment takes into account that 4 columns of each VC12 in each row in the SDH frame can be grouped into one packet, which is easy to understand and relatively easy to implement.
  • VC4 is used as an example to describe the packaging processing of high-order services:
  • the above packages can enter the AS cross structure for exchange. Specifically, the number of packets can be determined according to actual needs or the actual packet length that the physical chip can support and the utilization rate of the packet.
  • one VC4 signal is divided into 2 packets in one row of the SDH frame, and each packet has a size of 143 bytes.
  • the specific method of packetization is similar to the processing scheme of the second low-order service described above, but for high-order services, the payload extraction performed before packing does not need to locate the low-order service, because the location of the payload is first passed. After the pointer finds the high order and then finds the low order, it only needs to extract the VC4 payload, which is much more convenient to handle than the low-level business.
  • the unpacking process is the reverse process of each of the above packaging processes, which is exactly the opposite of the packaging process, and will not be described here.
  • the storage of part of the service, and the time division or packet switching processing function may be further added in the PI.
  • different services can be stored and exchanged in different PIs, and each service can be shared by several different PIs to reduce the storage space requirement of the AS.
  • the corresponding cross-module can be added in the uplink and downlink sections of the PI device to complete the above-mentioned storage, and time-division cross-over or packet-switching processing functions.
  • firstly pack/unpack and then cross When hardware is implemented, in the uplink direction, the crossover module is set after the packaging module; in the downstream direction, the crossover module is set. After unpacking the module. Or first pack and then unpack/unpack.
  • the intersecting particles are packets; on the contrary, if they are firstly cross-packed, the intersecting particles are time slots, such as: VC12 of low-order services, VC4 of high-order service particles, and the like.
  • the intersecting particles are packets; on the contrary, if the packets are first unpacked, the intersecting particles are time slots.
  • the specific crossover method is performed according to the rules defined in AS-CORE.
  • the process of crossover on the AS platform based on the above scheme is shown in Figure 6.
  • the STM-n/OC-n service signal of SDH/SONET completes the processing of the first time slot or the packet through the uplink PI device. After the intersection of the intermediate AS cross structure, the first time slot or packet is completed in the downlink direction. Cross.
  • This scheme is similar to the current time-space-time division (TST) cross-structure, but the difference is that all-packet switching or partial packet switching is implemented.
  • a cross-module 701 is added between the de-frame processing module 202 and the packetizing module 203.
  • the payload of the SDH/SONET frame outputted by the de-frame processing module 202 is time-divisionally intersected by the time slot in the cross-module, and then output to the packing module 203. Packing processing.

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Description

实现与高级交换平台对接的装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及网络通信中的业务平台对接技术, 特别是指一种实现同 步数字序列 ( SDH , Synchronous Digital Hierarchy ) 或同步光网络 ( SONET, Synchronous Optical Network )网络与高级交换( AS, Advanced Switching )平台对接的协议接口( PI, Protocol Interface )装置及其方法。 发明背景
AS是一种先进的交叉结构,它与传统的交换方式最大的区别是利用 了 PCI - E总线结构(PCI - Express )作为平台, 使得所有种类的业务通 过不同 PI的处理后, 在 AS的交叉结构中统一起来完成交换, 比如: 以 太网、 异步传输模式(ATM )、 SDH/SONET, 网际协议(IP )等业务的 统一处理, 比较适合于多业务平台下的业务处理。
目前在 SDH/SONET多业务平台系统中, 对数据业务和 SDH/SONE 业务的处理是在不同的交叉平面中完成业务的调度, 而 AS利用统一包 交换技术,将各种业务在同一交换平面中进行统一交换。 目前 AS核( AS CORE )部分已经发布, 在 AS CORE中定义了 AS可以连接 128种 PI, 各类型业务都有一个与其对应的 PI; PCI - Express是一种串行差分总线 结构, 目前速率为 2.5Gbps。
基于 AS的网络结构参见图 1所示, 图中的 PIx、 Ply, PIz和 Plr为 不同业务对应的协议处理接口, PIx对应着 ATM 业务, Ply 对应着 SDH/S0NET业务, PIz对应着以太网的千兆以太网 (GE )业务, Plr对 应着以太网的快速以太网 (FE )业务, 其中 x、 y、 z、 r为小于 128的正 整数。 SDH/SONET、 ATM、 GE和 FE网络通过各自对应的 PI与 AS的 交叉结构相连, 进行交换处理。
然而, AS 技术是一种全新的技术, 虽然有较好应用前景, 但对于 SDH/SONET对应的 PI 的具体的实现方式目前尚未提供相应的技术方 案。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的第一个主要目的在于提供一种实现与高级交换 平台对接的装置, 用于 SDH/SONET 网络与 AS 平台的对接, 以便于 SDH/SONET业务通过 AS平台进行业务的交换处理。
基于上述目的本发明的一种实现与高级交换平台对接的装置, 在从 同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络到高级交换平台的传输方向, 该装置包 括:
第一线路侧接口处理模块, 用于接收同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络 帧并进行定帧、 解扰处理;
解帧处理模块, 用于对第一线路侧接口处理模块输出的信号进行解 帧, 提取净荷;
打包模块, 用于对解帧处理模块输出所述净荷按照高级交换平台的 包格式打包成为高级交换包;
第一高级交换接口处理模块, 用于将打包模块输出的高级交换包发 送至高级交换平台的交换结构中;
在从高级交换平台到同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络的传输方向, 该 装置包括:
第二高级交换接口处理模块, 用于接收高级交换平台发送来的高级 交换包;
解包模块, 用于对第二高级交换接口处理模块接收的高级交换包进 行解包处理, 提取高级交换包中的净荷;
映射模块, 用于将所述净荷映射成同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络 帧;
第二线路侧接口处理模块, 用于对映射模块输出的同步数字序列 / 同步光纤网网络帧进行加扰处理,发送到同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络 中。
该装置在所述的解帧处理模块与打包模块之间进一步设置有交叉模 块, 用于时分交叉处理;
或者在所述打包模块与第一高级交换接口处理模块之间进一步设置 有交叉模块, 用于包交换处理。
该装置所述的解包模块与映射模块之间进一步设置有交叉模块, 用 于时分交叉处理;
或者在所述解包模块与第二高级交换接口处理模块之间进一步设置 有交叉模块, 用于包交换处理。
该装置所述第一线路侧接口处理模块和第二线路侧接口处理模块为 集成在一起的整体;
所述第一高级交换接口处理模块和第二高级交换接口处理模块为集 成在一起的整体。
本发明的另一个主要目的在于提供一种实现与高级交换平台对接的 方法, 用于 SDH/SONET网络与 AS平台的对接, 以实现 SDH/SONET 业务通过 AS平台进行业务的交换处理。
基于该目的本发明的一种实现与高级交换平台对接的方法, 在同步 数字序列 /同步光纤网网络向高级交换平台的传输方向, 该方法包括:
A、 接收同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络帧并进行定帧、 解扰;
B、 对解扰后的帧进行解帧处理, 提取帧中的净荷; C、 将提取的净荷按照所述高级交换平台的包格式打包成为高级交 换包, 发送至高级交换平台;
在高级交换平台向同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络的传输方向,该方 法包括:
D、 接收高级交换平台交换处理后的高级交换包进行解包处理, 提 取高级交换包中的净荷;
E、 将所述的净荷映射成为同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络帧;
F、 将所述的同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络帧进行加扰处理后发送 至同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络。
该方法中如果所述同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络帧净荷中为低阶 业务信号, 所述打包过程为: 将每个完整的低阶业务信号打成一个高级 交换包;
或者将每个低阶业务信号拆分成多个部分, 将每个部分打成一个高 级交换包;
如果所述同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络帧净荷中为高阶业务信号, 所述打包过程为: 将一个高阶业务拆分成多个部分, 每个部分打成一个 高级交换包。
该方法所述将每个低阶或高阶业务信号拆分成多个部分的过程为将 业务信号按列平均拆分。
该方法所述业务信号打包前进一步包括: 预先根据交叉调度业务颗 粒的大小、 允许的延时、 数据包利用率、 高级交换包允许的最大长度以 及物理芯片实际能够支持的最大包长度中的一项或多项确定每个业务 信号的打包个数。
该方法所述步骤 B和 C之间进一步包括:对净荷按时隙进行时分交 叉处理; 或者在步骤 C所述打包处理后进行发送前进一步包括: 对得到的高 级交换包进行包交换处理。
该方法步骤 D所述收到高级交换包后进行解包间进一步包括: 对收 到的高级交换包进行包交换处理;
或者在步骤 D和步骤 E之间进一步包括:对解包处理后的净荷按时 隙进行时分交叉处理。
该方法在步骤 C所述打包过程中进一步根据需要插入有用的开销字 节
由上述方案可以看出, 本发明提供了一套完整的 SDH/SONET网络 与 AS平台的互通方案, 使得 SDH/SONET业务能够很容易地在 AS平 台中实现任意颗粒大小的业务的交换、 传输。 而且, 本发明进一步还在 所述的 PI中增加了部分的数据交叉功能, 使得本发明还可以在 PI中进 行一级包的时分交叉, 减少了对中间级交叉(即 AS交换)緩存空间的 需要, 大大增加了物理芯片的可实现性, 降低了 AS实现的复杂程度及 难度。 附图简要说明
图 1为基于 AS的网络结构示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例上行方向的 PI结构示意图;
图 3为本发明实施例下行方向的 PI结构示意图; 图 5为本发明所述的 PI的处理逻辑示意图;
图 6为本发明较佳实施例的交叉过程示意图;
图 7为本发明实施例中增加交叉的 PI上行结构示意图;
图 8为本发明实施例中增加交叉的 PI下行结构示意图。 实施本发明的方式
本发明的核心是提供一种 SDH/SONET网络与 AS平台系统间对接 的 PI装置和方法,使得 SDH/SONET业务能够顺利进入 AS平台系统中 进行处理。
本发明的 PI装置可分为应用于从 SDH/SONET网络到 AS平台的上 行方向, 和从 AS平台到 SDH/SONET网络的下行方向两部分。 所述的 上行部分的 PI处理装置用于将 SDH/SONET业务处理后送入 AS平台系 统中进行交换处理, 所述的下行部分的 PI处理装置用于将经过 AS平台 系统交换处理后的 AS包映射处理成帧后传送至 SDH/SONET网络上进 行传输。
用于上行方向处理的 PI装置结构参见图 2所示, 包括:
线路侧接口处理模块 201 , 提供 SDH/SONET业务进入所述的 PI装 置的接口, 主要完成对业务信号的定帧、 解扰功能, 与之配合还进行帧 对齐、 B1校验等处理, 同时还可提供帧检测功能等。
解帧处理模块 202, 用于对接口处理模块 201解扰处理后数据帧进 行解帧处理, 获取帧中的开销、 指针解释, 并提取帧中的净荷。 其中, 所述对开销的处理包括对段开销和通道开销的处理; 所述的指针解释和 净荷提取包括: 对于高阶业务, 通过解释指针 Hl、 H2和 H3从而找到 高阶业务如 VC4的第一个字节 J1 ; 对于低阶业务, 通过处理高阶通道 开销, 由 H4得知 VI、 V2、 V3和 V4的位置, 再由 VI和 V2定位到 V5字节。 这样就可以将低阶业务的净荷提取到相应的数据 RAM中, 以 便下一步进行打包处理。
打包模块 203, 将解帧处理获得的 SDH/SONET帧的净荷按照 AS 包的格式进行打包处理, 同时根据需要加入相应的开销。对于高阶业务, 将提取的净荷如 STS - 1、 STS - 3 ( C ) /VC4等按照 AS 包允许的格式 及长度打成 AS 的包, 对于低阶业务, 将提取的净荷如 VT1.5/VC11、 VT2/VC12, VT3、 VT6/VC2颗粒等按照 AS 包允许的格式及长度打成 AS的包。
AS接口处理模块 204, 提供从 PI装置到 AS平台系统的输出接口, 将打包模块输出的 AS包转换为 AS平台系统所需的格式后, 再送入 AS 交叉结构中, 以便于所述的 AS包在 AS交叉结构中进行包交换处理。 AS接口模块还完成串并、电平转换等功能。例如:对于一个 SDH/SONET 业务的 2.5Gbps信号, 在经过 PI打包处理后, 为了满足 AS平台系统的 包要求和业务传输完整性的要求, 需要额外增加一些开销, 因此, 经过 PI处理后的信号速率要大于 2.5Gbps, 这样由于目前 PCI - E的速率为 2.5Gbps, 因此在 AS接口模块中需要串并转换, 这样才能送入 AS的交 叉结构中。
用于下行方向处理的 PI装置结构参见图 3所示, 包括:
AS接口处理模块 301, 将来自 AS交叉结构的 AS包转换为解包模 块所需的格式送入解包模块进行处理。 具体的处理过程为上行方向处理 过程的逆过程。
解包模块 302, 将 AS的包解开, 获取其中的开销和净荷。 具体为将 AS 的包解开后, 将提取的开销存入相应的随机存储器 (RAM ) 中进行 保存, 以便读取; 同时将提取出来的净荷存入相应的 RAM中, 以便进 一步映射成 SDH/SONET帧格式时使用。
映射模块 303 ,将解包模块 302输出的净荷重新映射成 SDH/SONET 帧, 并插入相应的开销。
线路侧接口处理模块 304, 对映射模块 303输出的数据帧进行加扰 码、 B1校验等处理后发送到 SDH/SONET网络中进行传输。
上述实施例中,上行方向和下行方向的业务通过两个 PI装置分开处 理, 另外也可以将上下行的 PI装置结合在一起, 其结构参见图 4所示。 与图 2和图 3的装置相比不同的是: 在线路侧, 上下行业务信号由一个 线路侧接口处理模块 401统一处理, 该模块 401同时具有上述上下行的 线路侧接口处理模块 201和 304的功能; 同样, 在 AS侧, 上下行业务 信号由一个 AS接口处理模块 402进行统一处理, 该模块 402同时具有 上述上下行的 AS接口处理模块 204和 301的功能。 其它模块及其功能 均与上述图 2和图 3的 PI装置相同。
基于上面所述的 PI装置, 本发明实现 SDH/SONET网络与 AS平台 对接的方法, 包括以下步骤:
在上行方向:
通过线路侧接口处理模块接收 SDH/SONET网络的业务, 并进行解 扰处理后发送给解帧处理模块; 由解帧处理模块完成提取净荷的处理, 以及开销、 指针的处理; 之后, 将提取的净荷按照 AS包的格式进行打 包处理, 获得相应的 AS包, 最后将所述的 AS包转换成 AS平台需要的 格式发送给 AS交叉结构进行交换处理。
在下行方向:
AS接口处理模块将从 AS交叉结构接收的 AS包经过处理后得到解 包模块可以识别的数据包格式送入解包模块, 解包模块将 AS包进行解 包处理, 获取其中的开销和净荷; 然后, 由映射处理模块将解包模块获 得的净荷及相应的开销信息重新映射成数据帧, 并插入开销信息, 所述 的解包并映射成数据帧的处理过程实质就是解帧并打包的处理过程的 逆过程; 最后, 通过接口处理模块将映射处理模块获得的数据帧进行加 扰码、 B1处理后发送到 SDH/SONET网络中进行传输。
上述方法的核心过程是打包和解包过程, 下面对本发明较佳实施例 的打包策略进行详细描述。 在打包处理过程中, 根据提取出来的净荷大小可以将全部或部分净 荷直接封装在一个 AS 包中; 对于打包过程中的开销处理, 根据 AS - CORE的定义, AS包中已有固定的 8 bytes开销, 由于 AS中包的长度 是可变化的, 因此在封装包时, 除了 AS包的固定开销外, 还可以根据 需要增加或插入一些有用的开销字节, 用于确保信号在传输过程中的完 整性和满足功能的需要。 由于开销字节的多少, 只会影响包的实际利用 率和带宽, 而打包的方法是一样的, 因此在下面的叙述中暂先不考虑其 它的开销字节。
一个 SDH/SONET的 2.5Gbps速率信号包含若干个业务信号, 并可 分为低阶业务信号和高阶业务信号。 低阶业务信号包含 1344 个 VT1.5 信号或 1008个 VC12信号等,这样若要进行 VT1.5信号或 VC12低阶业 务的调度, 则至少要打成 1344个或 1008个 AS包。对于高阶业务信号, 包含 48个 STS - 1信号或 16个 VC4等, 因此对于 STS - 1信号或 VC4 信号至少要打成 48个或 16个包。由于受 AS包的最大长度(2176 bytes ) 的限制, 因此在 PI中怎样打成合适的包是比较重要的, 下面对低阶业务 和高阶业务的打包处理方法分别进行说明。
对于低阶业务的打包处理, 本发明优选采用两种方案, 即将低阶业 务的每个颗粒打成一个 AS包,或者将低阶业务的一个颗粒打成多个 AS 包。 下面将就两种针对低阶业务信号的打包方式以 VC 12为例分别进行 说明:
方案一、 将低阶业务的每个颗粒打成一个 AS包:
直接按照每个 VC12的大小打成一个包,这样一帧需要打成 1008个 包, 并经过 AS接口处理后, 再将数据包流送入 AS平台系统中的交叉 部分。
这种打包方式的优点是包的利用率比较高, 为 [36/ ( 8 + 36 ) ] χ 100% = 81.82%; 缺点是对于 PI装置来说, 几乎是要等到一帧接收完成后才 能够完成第一个包的打包处理, 导致打包延迟时间比较长, 而且至少'还 需要有 2帧的緩存空间, 一帧用于收数据的緩存, 一帧用于发数据的緩 存。
方案二、 将一个低阶业务颗粒打成若干个 AS包:
如果需要通过牺牲包的可利用率来减少由于打包及存储等所带来的 延迟, 则可以将一个 VC12映射成若干个小包, 参见图 5所示。 这样在 PI中由于打包、 緩存等所带来的延迟时间理论上就要少的多, 但包的利 用率下降了很多,每个包的净荷只有 36/n bytes, 包利用率的计算参见如 下公式:
{(36/η)/[(36/η)+8]} χ 100%, 其中 η为大于 1的正整数, 代表包的个 数。
下面以将一个 VC12包打成 9个 AS包为例进 4亍说明:
将 SDH/SONET帧的一行的每个 VC12的 4列封装成一个包, 这样 一个 VC12就需要打成 9个包。此时, 包的利用率为: {(36/9)/[(36/9)+8]} X 100% = (4/12) X 100% = 33.33%。
参见图 5所示, 打包处理后的 SDH/SONET的帧在 PI中以 2.5Gbps 串行速率进入 AS交叉结构的入口 (ingress )时, 首先, 将前面 1008个 VC12 的各自的第一个包按照串行或并行方式送到 AS 交叉结构上的虚 通道( VC, Virtual Channel )上, 接着再将各 VC12的第 2个包送往 AS 平台接口上, 依次类推, 直到各 VC12的第 9个包送入为止。 在 AS交 叉进行交换处理后可送到后级 PI 中进行解包、 组帧等处理, 再上 SDH/SONET网络进行传输。
当然, 也可以将一个 VC12映射成 2个包, 相比打成一个包存储空 间减少近一半, 时间约节省近一半, 包的利用率为 69.2 %。 若映射成 3、 4、 5个包等也都是可以的, 具体的打包处理方法与上述打 9个包相同, 只是需要的存储空间和对应的延迟时间都比原来要相应地减少。 上述实 施例中选择映射成 9个包是考虑到 SDH帧中每行中的每个 VC12的 4 列可以打成一个包, 容易理解, 也比较容易实现。
对于高阶业务,下面以 VC4为例对高阶业务的打包处理方式进行说 明:
由于一个 2.5G信号中含 16个 VC4,—个 VC4的包的大小为 8 + 270 X 9 = 2438byte, 而 AS包的最大包为 2176byte, 因此, 至少需要将一个 VC4打成 2个或 2个以上个包才能进入 AS交叉结构中进行交换。 具体 可以根据实际需要或实际物理芯片能够支持的包长及包的利用率来决 定打成包的数量。
这样, 包的利用率 = (2430/n) / (8 + 2430/n), 其中 n为大于 1的整 数, 代表包的个数。
这样,若打成 2个 AS包,每个 AS包的大小为 8 + 2430/2 = 1223 bytes, 利用率为: 99.3%;
若打成 3个 AS包, 每个 AS包的大小为 8 + 2430/3 = 818 bytes, 利 用率为: 99.02%; 打成 9个 AS包, 每个 AS包的大小为 8 + 2430/9 = 278 bytes, 利用 率为: 97.12%; 若打成 18个 AS包, 每个 AS包的大小为 8 + 2430/18 = 143 bytes, 利用率为: 94.4%; 依次类推。 对于高级业务而言, 由于受到 AS 交叉结构中实际能够调度的包的 大小限制, 因此只有将一个 VC4拆成多个包。 例如: 若打成 18个包, 则一个 VC4信号在 SDH帧中的一行打成 2个包, 每个包的大小为 143 bytes。 打包的具体方法类似与上述第二种低阶业务的处理方案, 但对于 高阶业务来说, 打包前进行的净荷提取就不需要定位到低阶业务了, 因 为净荷的定位是先通过指针找到高阶后再找到低阶, 只要提取到 VC4 净荷就可以了, 处理起来比低阶业务要方便得多。
总之, 不论是低阶业务还是高阶业务在确定所打包的数量时, 需要 综合考虑交叉调度业务颗粒的大小、 允许的延时、 数据包利用率、 AS 包允许的最大长度以及物理芯片实际能够支持的最大包长度等因素。
解包过程是上述各打包过程的逆过程, 与打包过程刚好相反, 这里 不再赘述。
上述各实施例中, 由于在 PI装置中只负责打包, 而不负责交换, 因 此所有的包都要求在 AS中完成全部的交叉, 来使得任意输入端的任意 一个时隙通过 AS平台的交叉结构进行交换处理后, 均能够到达任意输 出端的任意一个时隙的位置。 这样就要求 AS的交叉中要有足够的存储 空间, 而且要求交换的信号速率越高, 数量越多, 所需要的存储空间将 会非常庞大。 这一要求对于 AS物理芯片, 在硬件上实现很困难。
为此,本发明较佳的实施例中还可在 PI中进一步增加对部分业务的 存储、 以及时分交叉或包交换处理功能。 这样不同业务可以在不同的 PI 中做存储和交换, 各业务可以是由几个不同的 PI共同承担, 以减少对 AS的存储空间的需求。 实现时, 可在 PI装置的上行和下行部分分别增 加相应的交叉模块,以完成上述存储、以及时分交叉或包交换处理功能。
具体又可分为两种方式: 先打包 /解包后再交叉, 硬件实现时, 在上 行方向, 将交叉模块设置在打包模块之后; 下行方向, 将交叉模块设置 在解包模块之后。 或者先交叉后再打包 /解包, 硬件实现时, 上行方向, 将交叉模块设置在打包模块之前; 下行方向, 将交叉模块设置在解包模 块之前。 上行方向, 若是先打包后交叉, 则交叉的颗粒是包; 相反, 若 先交叉后打包, 则交叉的颗粒是时隙, 如: 低阶业务的 VC12、 高阶业 务颗粒的 VC4等。下行方向,若是先交叉后再解包,则交叉的颗粒是包; 相反, 若先解包再交叉, 交叉的颗粒是时隙。 具体的交叉方法按照 AS - CORE中定义的规则进行。
基于上述方案的在 AS 平台上进行交叉的过程, 参见图 6 所示。 SDH/SONET的 STM-n/OC-n业务信号经过上行的 PI装置先完成一级时 隙或包的交叉处理, 经过中间 AS交叉结构的交叉后, 在下行方向再完 成一级时隙或包的交叉。 这种方案类似于目前的时分 -空分 -时分 ( TST ) 交叉结构, 但不同的是实现的是全包交换或部分包交换。
上行方向, 以采取先交叉后打包方案的 PI装置为例, 其结构参见图 7所示。在解帧处理模块 202和打包模块 203之间加入一个交叉模块 701 , 这样经解帧处理模块 202输出的 SDH/SONET帧的净荷在交叉模块中按 时隙进行时分交叉后, 输出至打包模块 203进行打包处理。
下行方向, 以采取先解包后打包方案的 PI装置为例, 其结构参见图 8所示。 在解包模块 302和映射模块 303之间加入一个交叉模块 801, 这样经解包模块 302输出的净荷按时隙进行时分交叉后, 输入至映射模 块 303进行处理。 进入 AS结构中, 可实现所有业务的调度。 这样 SDH/SONET业务就完 全可以进入 AS这个统一交换平台进行业务交换了。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种实现与高级交换平台对接的装置, 应用于同步数字序列 /同 步光纤网网络与高级交换平台的对接, 其特征在于,
在从同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络到高级交换平台的传输方向, 该 装置包括:
第一线路侧接口处理模块, 用于接收同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络 帧并进行定帧、 解扰处理;
解帧处理模块, 用于对第一线路侧接口处理模块输出的信号进行解 帧, 提取净荷;
打包模块, 用于对解帧处理模块输出所述净荷按照高级交换平台的 包格式打包成为高级交换包;
第一高级交换接口处理模块, 用于将打包模块输出的高级交换包发 送至高级交换平台的交换结构中;
在从高级交换平台到同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络的传输方向, 该 装置包括:
第二高级交换接口处理模块, 用于接收高级交换平台发送来的高级 交换包;
解包模块, 用于对第二高级交换接口处理模块接收的高级交换包进 行解包处理, 提取高级交换包中的净荷;
映射模块, 用于将所述净荷映射成同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络 帧;
第二线路侧接口处理模块, 用于对映射模块输出的同步数字序列 / 同步光纤网网络帧进行加扰处理,发送到同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络 中。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的装置, 其特征在于, 在所述的解帧处理模 块与打包模块之间进一步设置有交叉模块, 用于时分交叉处理;
或者在所述打包模块与第一高级交换接口处理模块之间进一步设置 有交叉模块, 用于包交换处理。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述的解包模块与映 射模块之间进一步设置有交叉模块, 用于时分交叉处理;
或者在所述解包模块与第二高级交换接口处理模块之间进一步设置 有交叉模块, 用于包交换处理。
4、 根据权利要求 1至 3任意一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 一线路侧接口处理模块和第二线路侧接口处理模块为集成在一起的整 体;
所述第一高级交换接口处理模块和第二高级交换接口处理模块为集 成在一起的整体。
5、 一种实现与高级交换平台对接的方法, 应用于同步数字序列 /同 步光纤网网络与高级交换平台的对接, 其特征在于,
在同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络向高级交换平台的传输方向, 该方 法包括:
A、 接收同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络帧并进行定帧、 解扰;
B、 对解扰后的帧进行解帧处理, 提取帧中的净荷;
C、 将提取的净荷按照所述高级交换平台的包格式打包成为高级交 换包, 发送至高级交换平台; 法包括:
D、 接收高级交换平台交换处理后的高级交换包进行解包处理, 提 取高级交换包中的净荷; F、 将所述的同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络帧进行加扰处理后发送 至同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 如果所述同步数字序 列 /同步光纤网网络帧净荷中为低阶业务信号, 所述打包过程为: 将每个 完整的低阶业务信号打成一个高级交换包;
或者将每个低阶业务信号拆分成多个部分, 将每个部分打成一个高 级交换包;
如果所述同步数字序列 /同步光纤网网络帧净荷中为高阶业务信号, 所述打包过程为: 将一个高阶业务拆分成多个部分, 每个部分打成一个 高级交换包。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述将每个低阶或高 阶业务信号拆分成多个部分的过程为将业务信号按列平均拆分。
8、 根据权利要求 6或 7任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述业 务信号打包前进一步包括: 预先根据交叉调度业务颗粒的大小、 允许的 延时、 数据包利用率、 高级交换包允许的最大长度以及物理芯片实际能 够支持的最大包长度中的一项或多项确定每个业务信号的打包个数。
9、 根据权利要求 5至 7任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步 骤 B和 C之间进一步包括: 对净荷按时隙进行时分交叉处理;
或者在步骤 C所述打包处理后进行发送前进一步包括: 对得到的高 级交换包进行包交换处理。
10、 根据权利要求 5至 7任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 D所述收到高级交换包后进行解包间进一步包括: 对收到的高级交换包 进行包交换处理;
或者在步骤 D和步骤 E之间进一步包括:对解包处理后的净荷按时 隙进 4于时分交叉处理。
11、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 步骤 C所述打包过 程中进一步根据需要插入有用的开销字节。
PCT/CN2005/001346 2004-08-29 2005-08-29 Dispositif et procede de realisation d'un contact bout-a-bout avec une plate-forme d'echange avance WO2006024226A1 (fr)

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