WO2008022611A2 - Fuel cell system comprising a reformer and another device for supplying reformate, and method for the operation of such a fuel cell system - Google Patents

Fuel cell system comprising a reformer and another device for supplying reformate, and method for the operation of such a fuel cell system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008022611A2
WO2008022611A2 PCT/DE2007/001224 DE2007001224W WO2008022611A2 WO 2008022611 A2 WO2008022611 A2 WO 2008022611A2 DE 2007001224 W DE2007001224 W DE 2007001224W WO 2008022611 A2 WO2008022611 A2 WO 2008022611A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
reformate
reformer
cell system
cell stack
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2007/001224
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008022611A3 (en
Inventor
Matthias Boltze
Michael Rozumek
Stefan Käding
Manfred Pfalzgraf
Andreas Engl
Beate Bleeker
Michael Süßl
Markus Bedenbecker
Original Assignee
Enerday Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enerday Gmbh filed Critical Enerday Gmbh
Publication of WO2008022611A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008022611A2/en
Publication of WO2008022611A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008022611A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/36—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/141—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in parallel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel cell system with a reformer for supplying reformate to a fuel cell stack.
  • Fuel cell systems are used to generate electricity and heat from hydrocarbons, such as diesel or gasoline.
  • a reformer is usually used, to which fuel and air are supplied.
  • the reformer supplies as starting material the desired hydrogen-rich reformate, which is then processed in the fuel cell stack with further reaction with air.
  • the depleted in the fuel cell stack reformate can then be fed to an afterburner, in which, with further use of air, the residual energy is converted into heat; this heat can then be returned to the system.
  • the object of the invention is to design a fuel cell system and a method for operating a fuel cell system in such a way that increased power requirements can be met without delay and without the need for a high-performance battery.
  • the invention is based on the generic fuel cell system in that at least one further device for supplying reformate to the fuel cell stack is provided.
  • the additional amount of gas required for the provision of the increased power can thus be made available in a very short time, without this having to be accomplished solely by the previously operated reformer.
  • the reformer and the further device are connected to the same reformate feed of the fuel cell stack.
  • the reformer is thus too. the further device connected in parallel, so that these components occupy circuit-technically equivalent positions.
  • the further device comprises a further reformer.
  • a further reformer for example, is maintained at the same temperature level during continuous operation as the primary reformer. If there is a higher performance requirement, the other reformer would immediately be available to provide additional reformat in parallel with the primary reformer.
  • the reformers are designed for different operating points.
  • the additional reformer which in itself is used for satisfying higher load requirements, can thus bring the additional advantage that it can optionally be used for the primary reformer, namely when it is optimized for a different operating point than the primary reformer.
  • the system can thus either use one or the other reformer or, if the power requirement is very high, both reformers.
  • the device comprises a reformate memory.
  • a reformate memory Such a memory can be charged during normal operation of the fuel cell system, that is filled with reformate. If the power requirement is increased, this reformate can then be taken out of the store, which discharges the store.
  • the reformate memory is connected via a switchable valve with the same common reflection. is connected to the format Zubuch the fuel cell stack as the reformer and that in the common Reformatzuive- tion a pressure increasing valve is provided, which allows a filling of the Reformat acidss to a pressure that exceeds the pressure between pressure increasing valve and fuel cell stack.
  • the pressure increasing valve in the common reformate supply provides a throttling action toward the fuel cell stack in the activated state.
  • the Reformat1:00 can be filled with a gas pressure, the gas pressure in the direction
  • the invention is based on the generic method characterized in that at an increased power requirement reformate is supplied to the fuel cell stack by a further device.
  • reformate is supplied to the fuel cell stack by a further device.
  • the further device comprises a further reformer which is activated with increased power requirement. It can also be provided that the device comprises a reformate memory which is charged at a low power requirement and is discharged at an increased power requirement.
  • the invention is developed in a particularly advantageous manner by the fact that for loading the Reformat boatss a pressure increase valve in the Reformat1:00 and the reformer common ReformatZu Unit is activated, so that a filling of the Reformat acidss is allowed to a pressure that exceeds the pressure between the pressure increase valve and fuel cell stack, in that a shut-off valve, which is provided in a line connecting the common reformate feed with the reformate store, is closed to terminate the loading of the reformate store, and in that the shut-off valve is opened in the deactivated state of the pressure increase valve to discharge the reformate store.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention.
  • like reference characters designate like or similar components.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention.
  • the fuel cell system has a reformer 10, which is supplied by means of a fuel pump 32 and a blower 34 with fuel or air.
  • reformate 12 is produced, which is supplied to a fuel cell stack 14 via a format feed 28.
  • the fuel cell stack 14 is further supplied by a Katoden Kunststoffgebläse 36 cathode air.
  • the fuel cell stack 14 leaves depleted reformate 38, which is oxidized using afterburner air, which is introduced into a reheater 42 by a blower 40 in addition to the depleted reformate 38.
  • the afterburner 42 exits exhaust 44, which contains low levels of CO and NO and is thus low in undesirable emissions.
  • a further reformer 16 is arranged parallel to the primary reformer 10, which is also supplied via a fuel pump 18 and an air blower 20.
  • the always tempered reformer 16 is switched on, so as to meet the increased power requirements without delay.
  • the reformers 10, 16 are designed differently with regard to their operating point. For example, either one reformer or the other reformer can be used, or with high performance requirements, both reformers can be operated in parallel. the.
  • the reformers are designed for operation with different fuels. On this basis, a system capable of operating with different fuels is available, and in the event that different fuels are available, the demands for increased power demand can be fulfilled without delay.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention.
  • a reformate memory 22 is connected in parallel to the primary reformer 10.
  • the reformate storage 22 is filled with the reformate 10 generated in the reformer, that is brought to a certain pressure level.
  • a pressure increasing valve 26 is activated, which is arranged in the reformer 10 common to the reformer 10 and the reformate accumulator 22.
  • the reformate reservoir 22 can be filled to a pressure level which, with the pressure-increasing valve deactivated, is sufficient to allow reformate to flow over from the format memory 22 into the fuel cell stack 14.
  • a valve 24 is closed which is arranged in a line 30 connecting the common reformate feed 28 to the reformate reservoir 22. If reformate 22 is to be reformed, this valve 24 is opened and reformate can flow into the fuel cell stack when pressure-increasing valve 26 is deactivated and corresponding pressure conditions are reached.

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell system comprising a reformer (10) for supplying reformate (12) to a fuel cell stack (14). According to the invention, at least one additional device (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) is provided for supplying reformate (12) to the fuel cell stack (14). The invention further relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system.

Description

Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines BrennstoffZeilensystemsFuel cell system and method of operating a fuel cell system
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Brennstoffzellensystem mit einem Reformer zum Liefern von Reformat an einen Brennstoffzel- lenstapel.The invention relates to a fuel cell system with a reformer for supplying reformate to a fuel cell stack.
BrennstoffZeilensysteme dienen der Erzeugung von Elektrizität und Wärme aus Kohlenwasserstoffen, beispielsweise aus Diesel oder Benzin. Um das für den Betrieb eines Brennstoffzellenstapels erforderliche wasserstoffreiche Gas zur Verfügung zu stellen, wird üblicherweise ein Reformer ein- gesetzt, dem Brennstoff und Luft zugeführt werden. Der Reformer liefert als Ausgangsprodukt das erwünschte Wasserstoffreiche Reformat, das dann im Brennstoffzellenstapel unter weiterer Umsetzung mit Luft verarbeitet wird. Das im Brennstoffzellenstapel abgereicherte Reformat kann dann noch einem Nachbrenner zugeführt werden, in dem unter weiterem Einsatz von Luft die Restenergie in Wärme umgesetzt wird; diese Wärme kann dann in das System zurückgeführt werden.Fuel cell systems are used to generate electricity and heat from hydrocarbons, such as diesel or gasoline. In order to provide the hydrogen-rich gas required for the operation of a fuel cell stack, a reformer is usually used, to which fuel and air are supplied. The reformer supplies as starting material the desired hydrogen-rich reformate, which is then processed in the fuel cell stack with further reaction with air. The depleted in the fuel cell stack reformate can then be fed to an afterburner, in which, with further use of air, the residual energy is converted into heat; this heat can then be returned to the system.
Im kontinuierlichen Betrieb des Brennstoffzellensystems liefert dies eine bestimmte Leistung. Wird die Leistungsanforderung geändert, so müssen die dem Brennstoffzellenstapel zur Verfügung gestellten Gasmengen geändert werden. Insbesondere muss der Reformatvolumenstrom erhöht werden. Um dies zu erreichen, müssen letztlich das den Reformer mit Luft versorgende Gebläse und die den Reformer mit Brennstoff versorgende Brennstoffpumpe ihren Durchsatz erhöhen. Diese Vorgänge benötigen an sich bereits eine gewisse Zeit. Weiterhin wird Zeit dafür benötigt, um den Reformer an einem neuen Betriebspunkt zu stabilisieren. Ferner werden Verzögerungen durch die Wärmekapazität der beteiligten Komponenten zu erwarten sein. Um diese Verzögerung im Falle eines erhöhten Leistungsbedarfs zu puffern, könnte eineIn continuous operation of the fuel cell system this provides a certain performance. If the power demand is changed, the gas levels provided to the fuel cell stack must be changed. In particular, the reformate volume flow must be increased. In order to achieve this, ultimately the blower supplying air to the reformer and the fuel pump supplying the reformer must increase their throughput. These processes already require a certain amount of time. Furthermore, time is needed to stabilize the reformer at a new operating point. Furthermore, delays due to the heat capacity of the components involved will be expected. To buffer this delay in case of an increased power demand, a
Batterie zum Einsatz kommen. Dies hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass eine kostenintensive und schwere Komponente zusätzlich in das System eingebracht werden muss.Battery used. However, this has the disadvantage that a costly and heavy component must be additionally introduced into the system.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Brennstoff- zellensystem und ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines BrennstoffZellensystems in der Weise auszulegen, dass erhöhte Leistungsanforderungen ohne Verzögerung und ohne die Notwendigkeit einer leistungsstarken Batterie erfüllt werden können.The object of the invention is to design a fuel cell system and a method for operating a fuel cell system in such a way that increased power requirements can be met without delay and without the need for a high-performance battery.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of the independent claims.
Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung baut auf dem gattungsgemäßen Brennstoffzellensystem dadurch auf, dass mindestens eine weitere Ein- richtung zum Liefern von Reformat an den Brennstoffzellen- stapel vorgesehen ist. Die für die Bereitstellung der erhöhten Leistung erforderliche zusätzliche Gasmenge kann somit in kürzester Zeit zur Verfügung gestellt werden, ohne dass dies alleine durch den zuvor betriebenen Reformer be- werkstelligt werden müsste.The invention is based on the generic fuel cell system in that at least one further device for supplying reformate to the fuel cell stack is provided. The additional amount of gas required for the provision of the increased power can thus be made available in a very short time, without this having to be accomplished solely by the previously operated reformer.
Zu diesem Zweck ist vorgesehen, dass der Reformer und die weitere Einrichtung mit derselben Reformatzuführung des Brennstoffzellenstapels verbunden sind. Der Reformer ist somit zu. der weiteren Einrichtung parallel geschaltet, so dass diese Komponenten schaltungstechnisch äquivalente Positionen einnehmen.For this purpose, it is provided that the reformer and the further device are connected to the same reformate feed of the fuel cell stack. The reformer is thus too. the further device connected in parallel, so that these components occupy circuit-technically equivalent positions.
Nützlicher Weise kann vorgesehen sein, dass die weitere Einrichtung einen weiteren Reformer umfasst. Ein solcher weiterer Reformer wird beispielsweise während des kontinuierlichen Betriebes auf demselben Temperaturniveau gehalten, wie der primäre Reformer. Kommt es zu einer höheren Leistungsanforderung, stünde der weitere Reformer sofort zur Verfügung, um zusätzliches Reformat parallel zu dem primären Reformer zu liefern.Usefully, it can be provided that the further device comprises a further reformer. Such another reformer, for example, is maintained at the same temperature level during continuous operation as the primary reformer. If there is a higher performance requirement, the other reformer would immediately be available to provide additional reformat in parallel with the primary reformer.
Es kann zusätzlich vorgesehen sein, dass die Reformer für unterschiedliche Betriebspunkte ausgelegt sind. Der weitere Reformer, der an sich für die Befriedigung höherer Lastanforderungen eingesetzt wird, kann somit den zusätzlichen Vorteil bringen, dass dieser wahlweise zum primären Reformer zum Einsatz kommen kann, nämlich dann, wenn dieser für einen anderen Betriebspunkt als der primäre Reformer optimiert ist. Das System kann somit wahlweise den einen oder den anderen Reformer oder bei sehr hohem Leistungsbedarf beide Reformer verwenden.It may additionally be provided that the reformers are designed for different operating points. The additional reformer, which in itself is used for satisfying higher load requirements, can thus bring the additional advantage that it can optionally be used for the primary reformer, namely when it is optimized for a different operating point than the primary reformer. The system can thus either use one or the other reformer or, if the power requirement is very high, both reformers.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Einrichtung einen Reformatspeicher umfasst. Ein solcher Speicher kann während des Normalbetriebs des Brennstoffzellensystems geladen, das heißt mit Reformat befüllt werden. Bei erhöhter Leistungsanforderung kann die- ses Reformat dem Speicher dann wieder entnommen werden, wodurch der Speicher entladen wird.According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the device comprises a reformate memory. Such a memory can be charged during normal operation of the fuel cell system, that is filled with reformate. If the power requirement is increased, this reformate can then be taken out of the store, which discharges the store.
Nützlicherweise ist vorgesehen, dass der Reformatspeicher über ein schaltbares Ventil mit derselben gemeinsamen Re- formatZuführung des Brennstoffzellenstapels verbunden ist wie der Reformer und dass in der gemeinsamen Reformatzufüh- rung ein Druckerhöhungsventil vorgesehen ist, das eine Befüllung des Reformatspeichers auf einen Druck erlaubt, der den Druck zwischen Druckerhöhungsventil und Brennstoffzel- lenstapel übersteigt. Das Druckerhöhungsventil in der gemeinsamen ReformatZuführung stellt im aktivierten Zustand eine Drosselwirkung in Richtung des Brennstoffzellenstapels zur Verfügung. Somit lässt sich der Reformatspeicher mit einem Gasdruck befüllen, der den Gasdruck in RichtungUsefully, it is provided that the reformate memory is connected via a switchable valve with the same common reflection. is connected to the format Zufuhr the fuel cell stack as the reformer and that in the common Reformatzufüh- tion a pressure increasing valve is provided, which allows a filling of the Reformatspeichers to a pressure that exceeds the pressure between pressure increasing valve and fuel cell stack. The pressure increasing valve in the common reformate supply provides a throttling action toward the fuel cell stack in the activated state. Thus, the Reformatspeicher can be filled with a gas pressure, the gas pressure in the direction
Brennstoffzellenstapel übersteigt. Wird das Druckerhöhungs- ventil deaktiviert, so entfällt die Drosselwirkung. Reformat kann somit aus dem Reformatspeicher in Richtung Brennstoffzellenstapel zur Erfüllung der erhöhten Leistungsan- forderungen überströmen. Nützlicherweise ist zu diesem Zweck in dem zu dem Reformatspeicher führenden Leitungs- zweig ein schaltbares Ventil vorgesehen, das bei deaktiviertem Druckerhöhungsventil das Abströmen von Reformat aus dem Reformatspeicher unterbinden oder zulassen kann.Fuel cell stack exceeds. If the pressure increase valve is deactivated, the throttling effect is eliminated. Reformate can thus flow from the Reformatspeicher towards fuel cell stack to meet the increased Leistungsan- requirements. Usefully, a switchable valve is provided for this purpose in the leading to the reformate storage line branch, which can prevent or allow the outflow of reformate from the Reformatspeicher with deactivated pressure-increasing valve.
Die Erfindung baut auf dem gattungsgemäßen Verfahren dadurch auf, dass bei erhöhtem Leistungsbedarf Reformat an den Brennstoffzellenstapel durch eine weitere Einrichtung geliefert wird. Auf diese Weise werden die Vorteile und Be- Sonderheiten des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffzellensystems auch im Rahmen eines Verfahrens umgesetzt. Dies gilt auch für die nachfolgend angegebenen besonders bevorzugten Aus- führungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The invention is based on the generic method characterized in that at an increased power requirement reformate is supplied to the fuel cell stack by a further device. In this way, the advantages and special features of the fuel cell system according to the invention are also implemented in the context of a method. This also applies to the particularly preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention specified below.
Dieses ist in nützlicher Weise dadurch weitergebildet, dass die weitere Einrichtung einen weiteren Reformer umfasst, der bei erhöhtem Leistungsbedarf aktiviert wird. Ebenfalls kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Einrichtung einen Reformatspeicher umfasst, der bei niedrigem Leistungsbedarf geladen wird und bei erhöhtem Leistungsbedarf entladen wird.This is usefully further developed in that the further device comprises a further reformer which is activated with increased power requirement. It can also be provided that the device comprises a reformate memory which is charged at a low power requirement and is discharged at an increased power requirement.
Die Erfindung ist in besonders vorteilhafter Weise dadurch weitergebildet, dass zum Laden des Reformatspeichers ein Druckerhöhungsventil in einer dem Reformatspeicher und dem Reformer gemeinsamen ReformatZuführung aktiviert wird, so dass eine Befüllung des Reformatspeichers auf einen Druck ermöglicht wird, der den Druck zwischen Druckerhöhungsventil und Brennstoffzellenstapel übersteigt, dass zum Beenden des Ladens des Reformatspeichers ein Absperrventil geschlossen wird, das in einer die gemeinsame Reformatzufüh- rung mit dem Reformatspeicher verbindenden Leitung vorgesehen ist, und dass zum Entladen des Reformatspeichers das Absperrventil im deaktivierten Zustand des Druckerhöhungs- ventils geöffnet wird.The invention is developed in a particularly advantageous manner by the fact that for loading the Reformatspeichers a pressure increase valve in the Reformatspeicher and the reformer common ReformatZuführung is activated, so that a filling of the Reformatspeichers is allowed to a pressure that exceeds the pressure between the pressure increase valve and fuel cell stack, in that a shut-off valve, which is provided in a line connecting the common reformate feed with the reformate store, is closed to terminate the loading of the reformate store, and in that the shut-off valve is opened in the deactivated state of the pressure increase valve to discharge the reformate store.
Die Erfindung wird nun mit Bezug auf die begleitendenThe invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings
Zeichnungen anhand besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsformen beispielhaft erläutert.Drawings exemplified with reference to particularly preferred embodiments.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffzellensystems undFigure 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention and
Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoff- zellensystems . Bei der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Zeichnungen bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche oder vergleichbare Komponenten.Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention. In the following description of the drawings, like reference characters designate like or similar components.
Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffzellen- systems. Das Brennstoffzellensystem weist einen Reformer 10 auf, der mittels einer Brennstoffpumpe 32 und einem Gebläse 34 mit Brennstoff beziehungsweise Luft versorgt wird. In dem Reformer 10 wird Reformat 12 erzeugt, das über eine Re- formatZuführung 28 einem BrennstoffZellenstapel 14 zugeführt wird. Dem Brennstoffzellenstapel 14 wird weiterhin durch ein Katodenluftgebläse 36 Katodenluft zugeführt. Den Brennstoffzellenstapel 14 verlässt abgereichertes Reformat 38, das unter Einsatz von Nachbrennerluft , die neben dem abgereicherten Reformat 38 durch ein Gebläse 40 in einen Nachbrenner 42 eingebracht wird, oxidiert wird. Den Nachbrenner 42 verlässt Abgas 44, das geringe Anteile an CO und NO enthält und somit arm an unerwünschten Emissionen ist.FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention. The fuel cell system has a reformer 10, which is supplied by means of a fuel pump 32 and a blower 34 with fuel or air. In the reformer 10, reformate 12 is produced, which is supplied to a fuel cell stack 14 via a format feed 28. The fuel cell stack 14 is further supplied by a Katodenluftgebläse 36 cathode air. The fuel cell stack 14 leaves depleted reformate 38, which is oxidized using afterburner air, which is introduced into a reheater 42 by a blower 40 in addition to the depleted reformate 38. The afterburner 42 exits exhaust 44, which contains low levels of CO and NO and is thus low in undesirable emissions.
Zur Erfüllung eines erhöhten Leistungsbedarfs des Brennstoffzellensystems ist insbesondere eine erhöhte Reformat- zuführung zum Brennstoffzellenstapel 14 erforderlich. Zu diesem Zweck ist parallel zu dem primären Reformer 10 ein weiterer Reformer 16 angeordnet, der ebenfalls über eine Brennstoffpumpe 18 und ein Luftgebläse 20 versorgt wird. Bei erhöhtem Leistungsbedarf wird der stets temperierte Reformer 16 zugeschaltet, um so den erhöhten Leistungsanforderungen verzögerungsfrei gerecht zu werden. Nützlicherwei- se kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Reformer 10, 16 im Hinblick auf ihren Betriebspunkt unterschiedlich ausgelegt sind. So können wahlweise entweder der eine Reformer oder der andere Reformer verwendet werden oder bei hohen Leistungsanforderungen beide Reformer parallel betrieben wer- den. Ebenso kann zusätzlich oder alternativ vorgesehen sein, dass die Reformer für einen Betrieb mit unterschiedlichen Brennstoffen ausgelegt sind. Auf dieser Grundlage steht ein System zur Verfügung, das in der Lage ist, mit verschiedenen Brennstoffen zu arbeiten, wobei in dem Fall, dass verschiedene Brennstoffe zur Verfügung stehen, die Anforderungen an einen erhöhten Leistungsbedarf verzögerungs- frei erfüllt werden können.To fulfill an increased power requirement of the fuel cell system, in particular an increased supply of reformate to the fuel cell stack 14 is required. For this purpose, a further reformer 16 is arranged parallel to the primary reformer 10, which is also supplied via a fuel pump 18 and an air blower 20. With increased power requirements, the always tempered reformer 16 is switched on, so as to meet the increased power requirements without delay. It may be useful to provide that the reformers 10, 16 are designed differently with regard to their operating point. For example, either one reformer or the other reformer can be used, or with high performance requirements, both reformers can be operated in parallel. the. Likewise, it may additionally or alternatively be provided that the reformers are designed for operation with different fuels. On this basis, a system capable of operating with different fuels is available, and in the event that different fuels are available, the demands for increased power demand can be fulfilled without delay.
Figur 2 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffzellen- systems. Gemäß dieser Ausführungsform ist zu dem primären Reformer 10 ein Reformatspeicher 22 parallel geschaltet. Im Normalbetrieb wird der Reformatspeicher 22 mit dem im Re- former 10 erzeugten Reformat befüllt, das heißt auf ein gewisses Druckniveau gebracht. Zu diesem Zweck wird ein Druckerhöhungsventil 26 aktiviert, das in der dem Reformer 10 und dem Reformatspeicher 22 gemeinsamen Reformatzufüh- rung 28 angeordnet ist. Hierdurch kann der Reformatspeicher 22 auf ein Druckniveau gefüllt werden, das bei deaktiviertem Druckerhöhungsventil dazu ausreicht, Reformat vom Re- formatspeicher 22 in den Brennstoffzellenstapel 14 überströmen zu lassen. Ist der Reformatspeicher 22 befüllt, so wird ein Ventil 24 geschlossen, das in einer die gemeinsame Reformatzuführung 28 mit dem Reformatspeicher 22 verbindenden Leitung 30 angeordnet ist. Soll dem Reformatspeicher 22 Reformat entnommen werden, so wird dieses Ventil 24 geöffnet, und Reformat kann bei deaktiviertem Druckerhöhungsven- til 26 und entsprechenden Druckverhältnissen in den Brenn- stoffzellenstapel überströmen.FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the invention. According to this embodiment, a reformate memory 22 is connected in parallel to the primary reformer 10. In normal operation, the reformate storage 22 is filled with the reformate 10 generated in the reformer, that is brought to a certain pressure level. For this purpose, a pressure increasing valve 26 is activated, which is arranged in the reformer 10 common to the reformer 10 and the reformate accumulator 22. As a result, the reformate reservoir 22 can be filled to a pressure level which, with the pressure-increasing valve deactivated, is sufficient to allow reformate to flow over from the format memory 22 into the fuel cell stack 14. If the reformate reservoir 22 is filled, then a valve 24 is closed which is arranged in a line 30 connecting the common reformate feed 28 to the reformate reservoir 22. If reformate 22 is to be reformed, this valve 24 is opened and reformate can flow into the fuel cell stack when pressure-increasing valve 26 is deactivated and corresponding pressure conditions are reached.
Die in der vorstehenden Beschreibung, in den Zeichnungen sowie in den Ansprüchen offenbarten Merkmale der Erfindung können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung wesentlich sein. Bezugszeichenliste:The features of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description, in the drawings and in the claims may be essential both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
10 Reformer10 reformers
12 Reformat12 Reformat
14 Brennstoffzellenstapel14 fuel cell stacks
16 Reformer16 reformers
18 Brennstoffpumpe18 fuel pump
20 Luftgebläse20 air blowers
22 ReformatSpeicher22 Reformat storage
24 Absperrventil24 shut-off valve
26 Druckerhöhungsventil26 pressure increase valve
28 ReformatZuführung28 Reformat feed
30 Leitung30 line
32 Brennstoffpumpe32 fuel pump
34 Gebläse34 blowers
36 Katodenluftgebläse36 cathode air blower
38 Reformat38 Reformat
40 Gebläse40 blowers
42 Nachbrenner42 afterburner
44 Abgas 44 exhaust gas

Claims

ANSPRÜCHE
1. Brennstoffzellensystem mit einem Reformer (10) zum Liefern von Reformat (12) an einen Brennstoffzellenstapel (14) , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine weitere Einrichtung (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) zum Liefern von Reformat (12) an den Brennstoffzellenstapel (14) vorgesehen ist.A fuel cell system comprising a reformer (10) for supplying reformate (12) to a fuel cell stack (14), characterized in that at least one further means (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) for supplying reformate (12 ) is provided to the fuel cell stack (14).
2. Brennstoffzellensystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reformer (10) und die weitere Einrichtung (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) mit derselben Reformatzu- führung (28) des Brennstoffzellenstapels verbunden sind.2. Fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that the reformer (10) and the further device (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) with the same Reformatzu- leadership (28) of the fuel cell stack are connected.
3. Brennstoffzellensystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weitere Einrichtung einen weiteren Reformer (16) umfasst.3. Fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the further device comprises a further reformer (16).
4. Brennstoffzellensystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reformer (10, 16) für unterschiedliche Betriebspunkte ausgelegt sind.4. Fuel cell system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reformer (10, 16) are designed for different operating points.
5. Brennstoffzellensystem nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung einen Reformatspeieher (22) umfasst.5. Fuel cell system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises a Reformatspeieher (22).
6. Brennstoffzellensystem nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reformatspeicher (22) über ein schaltbares Ventil (24) mit derselben gemeinsamen Reformat- zuführung (28) des Brennstoffzellenstapels (14) verbunden ist wie der Reformer (10) und dass in der gemeinsamen Re- formatzuführung (28) ein Druckerhöhungsventil (26) vorgesehen ist, das eine Befüllung des Reformatspeichers auf einen Druck erlaubt, der den Druck zwischen Druckerhöhungsventil und BrennstoffZellenstapel übersteigt.6. Fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that the Reformatspeicher (22) via a switchable valve (24) with the same common Reformat- supply (28) of the fuel cell stack (14) is connected as the reformer (10) and that in the common Re-formatzuführung (28) a pressure increasing valve (26) is provided, which is a filling of the Reformatspeichers on a Pressure allowed that exceeds the pressure between pressure boost valve and fuel cell stack.
7. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems mit einem Reformer (10) zum Liefern von Reformat (12) an einen Brennstoffzellenstapel (14), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei erhöhtem Leistungsbedarf Reformat (12) an den Brennstoffzellenstapel durch eine weitere Einrichtung (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26) geliefert wird.7. A method for operating a fuel cell system with a reformer (10) for supplying reformate (12) to a fuel cell stack (14), characterized in that at increased power demand reformate (12) to the fuel cell stack by a further means (16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26).
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weitere Einrichtung einen weiteren Reformer (16) umfasst, der bei erhöhtem Leistungsbedarf aktiviert wird.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the further device comprises a further reformer (16) which is activated at an increased power requirement.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung einen ReformatSpeicher (22) umfasst, der bei niedrigem Leistungsbedarf geladen wird und bei erhöhtem Leistungsbedarf entladen wird.9. The method of claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the device comprises a reformate memory (22) which is charged at low power consumption and is discharged at increased power consumption.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet,10. The method according to claim 9, characterized
dass zum Laden des Reformatspeichers (22) ein Drucker- höhungsventil (26) in einer dem ReformatSpeicher und dem Reformer (10) gemeinsamen ReformatZuführung (28) aktiviert wird, so dass eine Befüllung des Reformatspeichers auf einen Druck ermöglicht wird, der den Druck zwischen Druckerhöhungsventil und Brennstoffzellenstapel (14) übersteigt,in that a pressure increase valve (26) in a reformate feed (28) common to the reformate store and the reformer (10) is activated to charge the reformate store (22), so that a filling of the reformate store to a pressure which allows the pressure to be increased between the pressure increase valve and fuel cell stack (14) exceeds,
- dass zum Beenden des Ladens des Reformatspeichers (22) ein Absperrventil (24) geschlossen wird, das in einer die gemeinsame ReformatZuführung (28) mit dem Refor- matspeicher verbindenden Leitung (30) vorgesehen ist, und dass zum Entladen des Reformatspeichers (22) das Absperrventil (24) im deaktivierten Zustand des Druckerhöhungsventils (26) geöffnet wird. that a shut-off valve (24) which is provided in a line (30) which connects the common reformate feed (28) to the reformate store is closed to terminate the loading of the reformate store (22), and in that, in order to discharge the reformate reservoir (22), the shut-off valve (24) is opened in the deactivated state of the pressure-increasing valve (26).
PCT/DE2007/001224 2006-08-23 2007-07-10 Fuel cell system comprising a reformer and another device for supplying reformate, and method for the operation of such a fuel cell system WO2008022611A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006039527.1 2006-08-23
DE102006039527A DE102006039527A1 (en) 2006-08-23 2006-08-23 Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel cell system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008022611A2 true WO2008022611A2 (en) 2008-02-28
WO2008022611A3 WO2008022611A3 (en) 2008-04-17

Family

ID=38670857

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2007/001224 WO2008022611A2 (en) 2006-08-23 2007-07-10 Fuel cell system comprising a reformer and another device for supplying reformate, and method for the operation of such a fuel cell system

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102006039527A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008022611A2 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1193218A1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2002-04-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Hydrogen generator and process for generating hydrogen for supplying a fuel cell
DE10139608A1 (en) * 2001-08-11 2003-02-27 Ballard Power Systems Fuel cell system with a gas generating system and a fuel cell system
US20030134166A1 (en) * 2002-01-11 2003-07-17 Skala Glenn W. Dynamic fuel processor mechanization and control
FR2879026A1 (en) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-09 Renault Sas ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING SYSTEM HOSTED ON A MOTOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH A FUEL CELL AND ASSOCIATED METHOD
US20060147768A1 (en) * 2002-12-24 2006-07-06 Fabien Boudjemaa System for reformation of fuel for supply to a fuel cell on a motor vehicle and method for operation thereof

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10039797B4 (en) * 2000-08-16 2010-12-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel cell system with a reformer unit and their use
DE10044786A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2002-04-04 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel cell system
JP2006040597A (en) * 2004-07-23 2006-02-09 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Gas supply system, energy supply system and gas supply method
DE102004063151A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-07-06 Webasto Ag Reformer for a fuel cell

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1193218A1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2002-04-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Hydrogen generator and process for generating hydrogen for supplying a fuel cell
DE10139608A1 (en) * 2001-08-11 2003-02-27 Ballard Power Systems Fuel cell system with a gas generating system and a fuel cell system
US20030134166A1 (en) * 2002-01-11 2003-07-17 Skala Glenn W. Dynamic fuel processor mechanization and control
US20060147768A1 (en) * 2002-12-24 2006-07-06 Fabien Boudjemaa System for reformation of fuel for supply to a fuel cell on a motor vehicle and method for operation thereof
FR2879026A1 (en) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-09 Renault Sas ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING SYSTEM HOSTED ON A MOTOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH A FUEL CELL AND ASSOCIATED METHOD

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008022611A3 (en) 2008-04-17
DE102006039527A1 (en) 2008-02-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE102015003028A1 (en) Cooling arrangement for cooling a fuel cell
DE10154637B4 (en) Fuel delivery unit and its use for providing a hydrogen-containing fuel
DE10105895A1 (en) Hydrogen delivery facility
DE102007028297A1 (en) Apparatus and method for supplying a fuel cell with oxidant
DE102010052797A1 (en) Fuel cell vehicle, has electric drive motor attached at electrical traction motor and compressor unit, and electrical traction motor converting mechanical brake energy into electrical power in generator operation and feeding drive motor
DE102018214710A1 (en) Fuel cell device, method for operating a fuel cell device and motor vehicle with a fuel cell device
DE10307856A1 (en) fuel cell plant
WO2002019789A2 (en) Fuel cell device and method for operating a fuel cell device
EP2521210B1 (en) Method for operating a reformer fuel cell assembly
DE102015001352A1 (en) The fuel cell system
DE10039797B4 (en) Fuel cell system with a reformer unit and their use
EP4111088A1 (en) Device for supplying fuel and vehicle comprising a device of this type
DE202020005927U1 (en) Energy supply system, vehicle and fueling device
DE10336058B3 (en) Supply pressure provision device e.g. for pneumatic control for electrified rail vehicle current take-off, has main air system containing compressor and auxiliary air system with pressurized gas flask
WO2008022611A2 (en) Fuel cell system comprising a reformer and another device for supplying reformate, and method for the operation of such a fuel cell system
DE112007001372T5 (en) The fuel cell system
DE10350550A1 (en) Vehicle with an internal combustion engine and a fuel cell system
DE10242804A1 (en) Storage and metering system for hydrogen fuel for combustion engine and/or fuel cell system, e.g. in automobile, with simultaneous expansion and heating of hydrogen supplied from high pressure storage tank
DE102017011715A1 (en) Process for the regeneration of a fuel cell
DE10219429B4 (en) Motor vehicle with a drive device and with a resource memory
DE10008823B4 (en) Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel cell system
DE102008002698A1 (en) Electrical and/or mechanical energy producing device i.e. gas cell system, has compressor arranged upstream to reactor, and storage provided between compressor and reactor for intermediate storage of compressed gaseous initial substance
DE102014018307A1 (en) Device for increasing the electrical insulation resistance
EP1642062B1 (en) Storage system for cryogenic media
EP2548248A1 (en) Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel cell system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: RU