WO2008129512A1

WO2008129512A1 - Transepithelial spacing device for tooth implants

Info

Publication number: WO2008129512A1
Application number: PCT/IB2008/051554
Authority: WO
Inventors: Xavier Cami Gorriz; Andres Mur Gomez; Josep Serra Prat
Original assignee: Avinent Implant System, S. L.
Priority date: 2007-04-23
Filing date: 2008-04-23
Publication date: 2008-10-30

Abstract

Transepithelial spacing device for tooth implants which comprises a column (2) whose base (3) is anchored by fastening means (6) to a tooth implant (4), and whose upper zone (5) is anchored by fastening means (10) to a dental prosthesis (6), said upper zone (5) including a supporting surface (5a) substantially perpendicular to axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6) and a contact surface (5b) substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6). It is characterised in that said upper zone (5) includes suitable antirotational means for preventing rotation of the dental prosthesis (6) in relation to the column (2). It permits the carrying out of unitary and multiple dental implant rehabilitations without undesired rotatory movements arising between the spacing device and the dental prosthesis.

Description

TRANSEPITELIAL SEPARATOR DEVICE FOR IMPLANTS

DENTAL

The present invention relates to a transepithelial separator device for dental implants.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The use of transepithelial separator devices is common in those cases where a dental implant placed on a patient has become very subgingival, that is, under the gum. In these cases it is not convenient to attach the dental prosthesis directly on the upper platform of the implant since said prosthesis would be very buried in the gum, being very difficult hygiene and subsequent maintenance of the prosthesis by both the patient and the clinician.

The known transepithelial separating devices therefore have the function of generating a vertical space in the area of the gum located on the previously placed dental implant, in order to save the height of the gum, that is, to raise the prosthetic connection base of so that it is located above the gum. There are patents, such as US patents

5069622 and US 5662474, which describe transepithelial separating devices of this type whose geometry can vary but which in all cases comprises a pillar, whose base is attached to a dental implant, and whose upper area is attached to a dental prosthesis on which it is coupled a dental prosthesis.

The base of the abutment is fixed to the implant platform by means of joining means, such as a screw, so that said abutment emerges from the implant platform in order to overcome the space transepithelial, the height of said abutment can vary depending on the height of the gum, from 0.2 mm to 8 mm.

The upper area of the abutment allows the dental prosthesis to be positioned and therefore has a basically conical geometry with a sufficient supporting surface to seat said dental prosthesis. It also has joining means, such as a screw, to fix the dental prosthesis to this upper area. In addition, said upper area may have a straight or angled shape in order to correct, if necessary, the natural output axis of the implant, and thus guarantee a wide variety of solutions for all cases of dental rehabilitation.

Emergency is understood as the distance and angulation that exists between the support base of the abutment with the implant and the upper fit of the abutment where the dental prosthesis rests. This emergency zone is essential to form the soft tissue, coming into intimate contact with the gum. However, said transepithelial separator devices have the drawback that they are currently designed without any anti-rotational mechanism between them and the prosthesis, which will be fixed by an anchoring system, such as a screw. This can lead to the fact that over time these prostheses may become loose, mainly due to the force of chewing. Therefore, the positioning of the dental prosthesis must always depend on the existence of two fixation points, that is, it is necessary to perform at least a two-piece rehabilitation, and prostheses can be made from a bridge. Consequently, the proper functioning of current devices is limited only to a multiple dental rehabilitation solution. In case of unit rehabilitation, if If you want to use existing devices, it is only possible to guarantee the positioning of the prosthesis thanks to the torque force of the fixing screw. It should be noted that this solution is never permanent since, with the chewing force, both transepithelial separators and such dentures tend to loosen over time, and therefore it is a clear inconvenience for both the professional and the final patient. The main problem, therefore, lies in the impossibility of using this transepithelial separator device for unitary prostheses, since in no way a lasting positioning of the prosthesis is guaranteed continuously over time, and therefore there is a clear risk of rotation of the transepithelial separator assembly and of the dental prosthesis.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the transepithelial separator device of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks of the devices known in the art, providing a device that allows both single and multiple dental implant restorations, without causing unwanted rotational movements between the transepithelial separators and the corresponding dental prostheses, thus allowing their manufacture in cases that should be performed unit prostheses. The transepithelial separator device of the present invention is of the type comprising a pillar, whose base is joined by means of fixation to a dental implant, and whose upper area is connected by means of fixation to a dental prosthesis, and including said zone upper a support surface substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis and a contact surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis, and is characterized by the fact that said upper area includes suitable anti-rotational means to prevent rotation of the dental prosthesis with regarding the pillar. In this way, said separating device allows the fitting, antitouch and reproducible position of the dental prosthesis with respect to the abutment during its preparation and placement. Thanks to said anti-rotational means arranged in the upper area of the abutment, any unwanted rotation of the dental prosthesis is avoided when fixing it to the abutment, and consequently, it is possible to perform unit rehabilitations without the risk of said prosthesis becoming loose over time because of the strength of chewing.

Advantageously, the anti-rotational means define a suitable geometry practiced in said contact surface, capable of fitting with a complementary geometry practiced in the corresponding contact area with the inner part of the dental prosthesis, so that a good support surface is guaranteed between the abutment and the dental prosthesis, as well as a minimum height of the contact surface with said dental prosthesis. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the geometry of said contact surface comprises a cylindrical surface that has a series of curved-concave recesses substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis. However, other geometries, such as a hexagon, an octagon, etc., can also be used, provided that they allow obtaining said anti-rotational effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to facilitate the description of what has been set forth above, some drawings are attached in which, schematically and only by way of non-limiting example, two practical cases of embodiments of the transepithelial separating device of the invention are represented, in which : Figure 1 is a front elevational view of an assembly formed by a transepithelial separator device of straight configuration, according to a first embodiment of the invention, coupled to a dental implant and a dental prosthesis; Figure 2 is a section of the assembly according to line II-II of Figure 1; Figure 3 is an enlarged elevational view of the transepithelial abutment and the corresponding screw for attachment to the implant illustrated in Figure 2; Figure 4 is an enlarged plan view of the transepithelial abutment and said screw illustrated in Figure 2; Figure 5 is a front elevation view of an assembly formed by an angled configuration transepithelial separator device, according to a second embodiment of the invention, coupled to a dental implant and a dental prosthesis; Figure 6 is a side elevation view of the assembly of Figure 5; Figure 7 is a section of the assembly according to line VII-VII of Figure 5; Figure 8 is an enlarged elevational view of the transepithelial abutment illustrated in Figure 7; and Figure 9 is an enlarged plan view of the transepithelial abutment illustrated in Figure 7. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A first embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 4. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the transepithelial separator device 1 comprises a pillar 2, whose base 3 is attached to a dental implant 4, and whose upper zone 5 is connected to a prosthetic aditution 6 for the subsequent preparation of a dental prosthesis (not shown). Hereinafter, reference will be made to the aditamiento and the prosthesis with the same numerical reference 6.

Said upper zone 5 in contact with the prosthetic fitting 6 has a conical geometry, whose function is to facilitate the placement of the dental prosthesis. A range of angles between 30 ° and 50 ° is considered adequate. Likewise, said prosthetic fitting 6 includes a retentive external surface to improve the union of the different elements that will be used during the fabrication of the dental prosthesis.

The base 3 of the pillar 2 must have the possibility of having different heights to overcome the gingival or transepithelial space, since each patient is a particular case. In this way, it is guaranteed that the dental prosthesis once placed does not have the point of attachment of the prosthesis and the subgingival abutment below the gum.

In this embodiment, the abutment 2 is of straight configuration, ie the axis of the abutment 2 and the axis of the implant 4 are aligned. The height range of straight pillars 2 is generally between 0.2 mm and 8 mm.

The connection between the abutment 2 and the implant 4 is carried out by means of a first screw 7, which crosses the abutment 2 and penetrates into an internal thread of the implant 4. The head 8 of said first screw 7 includes a fin perimeter 9 intended to be supported on the upper surface of the pillar 2.

In turn, the head 8 of the first screw 7 includes an internal thread intended to accommodate a second screw 10, which is intended to join the abutment 2 with the dental prosthesis 6.

Said upper area 5 of the pillar 2 comprises a support surface 5a substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis 6 and a contact surface 5b substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis 6.

Said contact surface 5b includes a suitable geometry to prevent the rotation of said dental prosthesis 9 around the pillar 2, in case of loosening the second screw 10 over time due to the force of the chewing. Similarly, the walls of the dental prosthesis 6 in contact with the contact surface 5b have a complementary geometry. In this way, it is possible to optimize said anti-rotational effect, guaranteeing a good support surface 5a between the pillar 2 and the dental prosthesis 6, as well as a minimum height of the contact surface 5b with the dental prosthesis 6. Unlike the devices existing separators, it is tried to achieve the maximum level of emergency taking advantage of all the available height in the base of the pillar 2.

In figures 3 and 4 a preferred embodiment of the anti-rotational geometry of the contact surface 5b, defined in this case by a cylindrical surface having a series of curved-concave recesses 11 substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the prosthesis, is shown. dental 6. It should be noted that others can be used geometries, such as a hexagon, an octagon, etc., provided that they allow obtaining said anti-rotational effect.

A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 5 to 9. Referring to Figures 5 to 7, the transepithelial separator device comprises the same elements according to references 3 to 11 of the first embodiment. The difference is that the abutment 2a presents an angulation, its axis inclined at a certain angle with respect to the axis of the implant 4, in order to correct the natural exit axis of the implant 4 once it has been implanted in the bone .

The range of angled pillar heights 2a is generally between 1 mm and 6 mm. On the other hand, since said axes are not aligned, the second screw 10 is no longer coupled within the head of the first screw 6 as it was in the first embodiment, but is coupled in an internal thread of the pillar 2a. In the case of angled abutments 2a, its conical geometry is emphasized above all in cases of implants placed with a high degree of divergence. To achieve the highest level of versatility when correcting the angulation of the implants placed and providing the system with the possibility of all types of dental rehabilitation, the appropriate range of angles is between 10 ° and 50 °.

A preferred embodiment of the anti-rotational geometry of the contact surface 5b, which is also defined by a cylindrical surface having a series of curved-concave recesses 11 substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the prosthesis, is shown in Figures 8 and 9. dental 6.

Also, other geometries, such as a hexagon, an octagon, etc., can be used, provided that allow to obtain said anti-rotational effect.

In both embodiments, thanks to said anti-rotation geometry of the upper area 5 of the pillar 2, any unwanted rotation of the dental prosthesis 6 is avoided, and consequently, it is possible to perform unit rehabilitations without the risk of said prosthesis becoming loose over time. because of the force of chewing.

Claims

1. Transepithelial separator device (1) comprising a pillar (2), whose base (3) is connected by means of fixation (6) to a dental implant (4), and whose upper area (5) is connected by means of fixing means (10) to a dental prosthesis (6), and said upper area (5) including a support surface (5a) substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6) and a contact surface (5b) substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6), characterized in that said upper area (5) includes suitable anti-rotational means to prevent rotation of the dental prosthesis (6) with respect to the abutment (2).

Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-rotational means define a suitable geometry practiced in said contact surface (5b), capable of fitting with a complementary geometry practiced in the corresponding contact area with the inner part of the dental prosthesis (6), so that a good support surface (5a) between the abutment (2) and the dental prosthesis (6) is guaranteed, as well as a minimum height of the contact surface (5b ) with said dental prosthesis (6).

Device (1), according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the geometry of said contact surface (5b) comprises a cylindrical surface having a series of curved-concave recesses (11) substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the dental prosthesis (6).