WO2009010315A1 - Covering glass for a solar module - Google Patents

Covering glass for a solar module Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009010315A1
WO2009010315A1 PCT/EP2008/053851 EP2008053851W WO2009010315A1 WO 2009010315 A1 WO2009010315 A1 WO 2009010315A1 EP 2008053851 W EP2008053851 W EP 2008053851W WO 2009010315 A1 WO2009010315 A1 WO 2009010315A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rare earth
glass
weight
earth ions
cover glass
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/053851
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Scheffler
Erdmut Schnabel
Original Assignee
Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus filed Critical Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus
Publication of WO2009010315A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009010315A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/095—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing rare earths

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cover glass for a solar module.
  • the aim of the invention is to increase the conversion rate of sunlight into electrical energy (increase the efficiency of solar cells) by converting unused IR radiation into visible light (so-called up-conversion process). Along with this, a reduction in the working temperature of solar cells by avoiding the heating with IR radiation and thereby a further increase in the efficiency should be achievable.
  • the invention is based on a solar module with cover glass.
  • the cover glass contains from 0.001 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 5% by weight, of rare earth ions of the oxidation state +2, +3 or +4, preferably of the oxidation state +3.
  • the rare earth ion-doped glass undergoes the upconversion process of the type described above; It can therefore be converted IR light into visible light.
  • the maximum content of rare earth ions in the glass depends on the specific glass composition and is limited by the solubility of the rare earth ions in the glass. In glasses with high SiO 2 content, the solubility of rare earth ions is lower than in glasses containing a variety of oxide glass additions.
  • the highest possible proportion of dissolved rare earth ions in the glass is preferred, in particular a proportion of the rare earth ions which is in the range from 80 to 100% of the maximum soluble fraction of the rare earth ions on the glass. Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus
  • the cover glass contains 65-75 wt.% SiO 2 0-3 wt.% Al 2 O 3 5-25 wt.% Na 2 O 0-20 wt.% K 2 O 0-5 wt.% MgO 0-15 Wt.% CaO 0-20 wt.% B 2 O 3 0-10 wt.% PbO 0-5 wt.% TiO 2 and 0-2 wt.% As 2 O 3 .
  • the percentages remaining on 100% by weight of the glass occupy the oxides of the rare earth ions.
  • the rare earth ion is Er 3+ .
  • Cover glasses of the stated embodiment can be produced by the common methods of glass technology.
  • the cover glass has the following functions: it protects the individual / interconnected solar cells from the weather, provides mechanical protection / mechanical reinforcement, couples solar radiation into the solar cell, reduces the reflection of the incident solar radiation.
  • Novel is that one or more rare earth ions (e.g., a combination of two and three different rare earth ions) are part of the glass.
  • the rare earth ions take over the task of the part of the sunlight, which is not converted by the solar cell into electrical energy, preferably in the wavelength range of 900 nm to 2500 nm, in particular 1000 nm to 2500 nm, by a multi-stage process of photon uptake in light visible wavelength turn.
  • rare earth ions are meant here the ions of the elements of atomic numbers 21, 39 and 57 to 71 (in particular Sc 3+ , Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Pm 3+ , Sm 3 + , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ and Lu 3+ ).
  • Preferred combinations include Er 3 VYb 3+ , Er 3 VDy 3+ , Yb 3 VTb 3+ , Yb 3 VTm 3+ and Y 3 VHo 3+ . Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus
  • the o.g. Glasses can be made by the usual laboratory and large-scale processes.
  • the rare earth ions can be added as SE oxides, SE sulphates, SE carbonates, SE phosphates to the glass batch before the melting process.
  • planar glasses are used as coverslips for commercially available solar cells and solar modules, for example for photovoltaic solar cells based on c-Si, GaAs, a-Si, CdTe or CuInSe 2 .

Abstract

The invention relates to a covering glass for a solar module. The invention provides that the covering glass contains 0.001 - 20 wt.-% of rare earth ions of the oxidation level +2, +3, or +4.

Description

Deckglas für ein Solarmodul Cover glass for a solar module
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Deckglas für ein Solarmodul.The invention relates to a cover glass for a solar module.
Hintergrund der Erfindung und Stand der TechnikBackground of the invention and prior art
Ziel der Erfindung ist eine Erhöhung der Umwandlungsrate von Sonnenlicht in elektrische Energie (Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades von Solarzellen) durch Umwandlung von nicht genutzter IR-Strahlung in sichtbares Licht (sogenannter up-conversion-Prozess). Einhergehend damit sollte auch eine Verringerung der Arbeitstemperatur von Solarzellen durch Vermeidung des Aufheizens mit IR-Strahlung und dadurch eine weitere Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades erreichbar sein.The aim of the invention is to increase the conversion rate of sunlight into electrical energy (increase the efficiency of solar cells) by converting unused IR radiation into visible light (so-called up-conversion process). Along with this, a reduction in the working temperature of solar cells by avoiding the heating with IR radiation and thereby a further increase in the efficiency should be achievable.
Im Stand der Technik werden Beschichtungen (sogenannte up-conversion devices) auf der Rückseite von Solarzellen beschrieben, die IR-Licht umwandeln sollen. Nachteile dieser Beschichtungen liegen darin, dass ein neues Design für derartige Solarzellen und neuartige Prozesse zur Herstellung der Solarzelle entwickelt werden müssen.In the prior art coatings (so-called up-conversion devices) are described on the back of solar cells, which are to convert IR light. Disadvantages of these coatings are that a new design for such solar cells and novel processes for the production of the solar cell must be developed.
Zusammenfassung der ErfindungSummary of the invention
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Solarmodul mit Deckglas. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass das Deckglas 0,001 - 20 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 0,001 - 5 Gew.%, Seltenerdionen der Oxidationsstufe +2, +3 oder +4, vorzugsweise der Oxidationsstufe +3, enthält. Ersten Versuchen zufolge findet im mit Seltenerdionen dotierten Glas der up-Conversion-Prozess der oben beschriebenen Art statt; es kann also IR-Licht in sichtbares Licht umgewandelt werden. Der maximale Gehalt an Seltenerdionen im Glas hängt von der konkreten Glaszusammensetzung ab und ist durch die Löslichkeit der Seltenerdionen im Glas beschränkt. In Gläsern mit hohem Siθ2-Anteil ist die Löslichkeit von Seltenerdionen geringer als in Gläsern, die eine Vielzahl oxidischer Glaszusätze enthalten. Generell ist ein möglichst hoher Anteil gelöster Seltenerdionen in dem Glas bevorzugt, insbesondere ein Anteil der Seltenerdionen, der im Bereich von 80 bis 100 % des maximal löslichen Anteils der Seltenerdionen am Glas liegt. Brandenburgische Technische Universität CottbusThe invention is based on a solar module with cover glass. According to the invention, it is provided that the cover glass contains from 0.001 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 5% by weight, of rare earth ions of the oxidation state +2, +3 or +4, preferably of the oxidation state +3. According to first experiments, the rare earth ion-doped glass undergoes the upconversion process of the type described above; It can therefore be converted IR light into visible light. The maximum content of rare earth ions in the glass depends on the specific glass composition and is limited by the solubility of the rare earth ions in the glass. In glasses with high SiO 2 content, the solubility of rare earth ions is lower than in glasses containing a variety of oxide glass additions. In general, the highest possible proportion of dissolved rare earth ions in the glass is preferred, in particular a proportion of the rare earth ions which is in the range from 80 to 100% of the maximum soluble fraction of the rare earth ions on the glass. Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus
Vorzugsweise enthält das Deckglas 65 - 75 Gew.% SiO2 0 - 3 Gew.% AI2O3 5 - 25 Gew.% Na2O 0 - 20 Gew.% K2O 0 - 5 Gew.% MgO 0 - 15 Gew.% CaO 0 - 20 Gew.% B2O3 0 - 10 Gew.% PbO 0 - 5 Gew.% TiO2 und 0 - 2 Gew.% As2O3.Preferably, the cover glass contains 65-75 wt.% SiO 2 0-3 wt.% Al 2 O 3 5-25 wt.% Na 2 O 0-20 wt.% K 2 O 0-5 wt.% MgO 0-15 Wt.% CaO 0-20 wt.% B 2 O 3 0-10 wt.% PbO 0-5 wt.% TiO 2 and 0-2 wt.% As 2 O 3 .
Die auf 100 Gew.% verbleibenden Anteile am Glas nehmen die Oxide der Seltenerdionen ein.The percentages remaining on 100% by weight of the glass occupy the oxides of the rare earth ions.
Weiterhin ist bevorzugt, wenn das Seltenerdion Er3+ ist.It is further preferred if the rare earth ion is Er 3+ .
Deckgläser der genannten Ausführung lassen sich nach den gängigen Verfahren der Glastechnik herstellen. Das Deckglas hat dabei die folgenden Funktionen: es schützt die einzelnen/verschalteten Solarzellen vor Witterungseinflüssen, bietet mechanischen Schutz/mechanische Verstärkung, koppelt Solarstrahlung in die Solarzelle ein, vermindert die Reflexion der auftreffenden Solarstrahlung.Cover glasses of the stated embodiment can be produced by the common methods of glass technology. The cover glass has the following functions: it protects the individual / interconnected solar cells from the weather, provides mechanical protection / mechanical reinforcement, couples solar radiation into the solar cell, reduces the reflection of the incident solar radiation.
Neuartig ist, dass ein oder mehrere Seltenerdionen (z.B. eine Kombination von zwei und drei verschiedenen Seltenerdionen) Bestandteil des Glases sind. Die Seltenerdionen übernehmen die Aufgabe, den Teil des Sonnenlichtes, der nicht von der Solarzelle in elektrische Energie umgewandelt wird, vorzugsweise im Wellenlängenbereich von 900 nm bis 2500 nm, insbesondere 1000 nm bis 2500 nm, durch einen mehrstufigen Prozess der Photonenaufnahme in Licht sichtbarer Wellenlänge zu verwandeln.Novel is that one or more rare earth ions (e.g., a combination of two and three different rare earth ions) are part of the glass. The rare earth ions take over the task of the part of the sunlight, which is not converted by the solar cell into electrical energy, preferably in the wavelength range of 900 nm to 2500 nm, in particular 1000 nm to 2500 nm, by a multi-stage process of photon uptake in light visible wavelength turn.
Unter Seltenerdionen werden hier die Ionen der Elemente der Ordnungszahlen 21 , 39 und 57 bis 71 verstanden (insbesondere Sc3+, Y3+, La3+, Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Pm3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+ und Lu3+). Bevorzugt sind Y3+, Ho3+, Tm3+, Yb3+. Bevorzugte Kombinationen umfassen Er3VYb3+, Er3VDy3+, Yb3VTb3+, Yb3VTm3+ und Y3VHo3+. Brandenburgische Technische Universität CottbusBy rare earth ions are meant here the ions of the elements of atomic numbers 21, 39 and 57 to 71 (in particular Sc 3+ , Y 3+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Pm 3+ , Sm 3 + , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ , Ho 3+ , Er 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ and Lu 3+ ). Preferred are Y 3+ , Ho 3+ , Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ . Preferred combinations include Er 3 VYb 3+ , Er 3 VDy 3+ , Yb 3 VTb 3+ , Yb 3 VTm 3+ and Y 3 VHo 3+ . Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus
Die o.g. Gläser können nach den üblichen Labor- und großtechnischen Verfahren hergestellt werden.The o.g. Glasses can be made by the usual laboratory and large-scale processes.
Die Seltenerdionen (SE) können als SE-Oxide, SE-Sulfate, SE-Karbonate, SE- Phosphate dem Glasgemenge vor dem Schmelzprozess zugegeben werden.The rare earth ions (SE) can be added as SE oxides, SE sulphates, SE carbonates, SE phosphates to the glass batch before the melting process.
Die erhaltenen, planaren Gläser werden als Deckgläser für handelsübliche Solarzellen und Solarmodule verwendet, zum Beispiel für photovoltaische Solarzellen auf Basis von c-Si, GaAs, a-Si, CdTe oder CuInSe2.The resulting planar glasses are used as coverslips for commercially available solar cells and solar modules, for example for photovoltaic solar cells based on c-Si, GaAs, a-Si, CdTe or CuInSe 2 .
Beispiele für GlaszusammensetzungenExamples of glass compositions
(Schmelzbedingungen: Heizrate = 10K/min; Tmax = 15000C; Haltezeit = 2h):(Melting conditions: heating rate = 10K / min, T max = 1500 ° C, holding time = 2h):
Beispiel 1example 1
Edukte der Herstellung Glaskomponente Gew.%Educts of the preparation Glass component Wt.%
SiO2 SiO2 67.4SiO 2 SiO 2 67.4
Na2CO3 Na2O 20.1Na 2 CO 3 Na 2 O 20.1
CaCO3 CaO 8.5CaCO 3 CaO 8.5
4MgCO3 x Mg(OH)2 x 5H2O MgO 3.54MgCO 3 x Mg (OH) 2 x 5H 2 O 3.5 MgO
Er2O3 Er2O3 0.5He 2 O 3 He 2 O 3 0.5
Total 100.0Total 100.0
Beispiel 2Example 2
Edukte der Herstellung Glaskomponente Gew.%Educts of the preparation Glass component Wt.%
SiO2 SiO2 67.6SiO 2 SiO 2 67.6
Na2CO3 Na2O 20.2Na 2 CO 3 Na 2 O 20.2
CaCO3 CaO 8.6CaCO 3 CaO 8.6
4MgCO3 x Mg(OH)2 x 5H2O MgO 3.54MgCO 3 x Mg (OH) 2 x 5H 2 O 3.5 MgO
Er2O3 Er2O3 0.1He 2 O 3 He 2 O 3 0.1
Total 100.0 Brandenburgische Technische Universität CottbusTotal 100.0 Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus
Beispiel 3Example 3
Edukte der Herstellung Glaskomponente Gew.%Educts of the preparation Glass component Wt.%
SiO2 SiO2 67.65SiO 2 SiO 2 67.65
Na2CO3 Na2O 20.2Na 2 CO 3 Na 2 O 20.2
CaCO3 CaO 8.6CaCO 3 CaO 8.6
4MgCO3 x Mg(OH)2 x 5H2O MgO 3.54MgCO 3 x Mg (OH) 2 x 5H 2 O 3.5 MgO
Er2O3 Er2O3 0.05He 2 O 3 He 2 O 3 0.05
Total 100.0Total 100.0
Beispiel 4Example 4
Edukte der Herstellung Glaskomponente Gew.%Educts of the preparation Glass component Wt.%
SiO2 SiO2 67.69SiO 2 SiO 2 67.69
Na2CO3 Na2O 20.2Na 2 CO 3 Na 2 O 20.2
CaCO3 CaO 8.6CaCO 3 CaO 8.6
4MgCO3 x Mg(OH)2 x 5H2O MgO 3.54MgCO 3 x Mg (OH) 2 x 5H 2 O 3.5 MgO
Er2O3 Er2O3 0.01He 2 O 3 He 2 O 3 0.01
Total 100.0 Total 100.0

Claims

Brandenburgische Technische Universität CottbusPatentansprüche Brandenburg University of Technology CottbusPatent claims
1. Deckglas für ein Solarmodul, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Deckglas 0,001 - 20 Gew.% Seltenerdionen der Oxidationsstufe +2, +3 oder +4 enthält.1. cover glass for a solar module, characterized in that the cover glass contains 0.001 to 20 wt.% Of rare earth ions of the oxidation state +2, +3 or +4.
2. Deckglas nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Deckglas 0,001 - 5 Gew.% Seltenerdionen der Oxidationsstufe +3 enthält.2. cover glass according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover glass contains 0.001 - 5 wt.% Of rare earth ions of the oxidation state +3.
3. Deckglas nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem das Deckglas ferner 65 - 75 Gew.% SiO2 3. cover glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cover glass further 65-75 wt.% SiO 2
0 - 3 Gew.% AI2O3 5 - 25 Gew.% Na2O 0 - 20 Gew.% K2O 0 - 5 Gew.% MgO 0 - 15 Gew.% CaO 0 - 20 Gew.% B2O3 0 - 10 Gew.% PbO 0 - 5 Gew.% TiO2 0 - 2 Gew.% As2O3 enthält.0-3% by weight Al 2 O 3 5-25% by weight Na 2 O 0-20% by weight K 2 O 0-5% by weight MgO 0-15% by weight CaO 0-20% by weight B 2 O 3 0-10 wt% PbO 0-5 wt% TiO 2 0-2 wt% As 2 O 3 .
4. Deckglas nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Seltenerdion Er3+ ist.A coverslip according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rare earth ion is Er 3+ .
5. Deckglas nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem das Deckglas eine Kombination ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Er3VYb3+, Er3VDy3+, Yb3VTb3+, Yb3VTm3+ und Y3VHo3+ enthält.A coverslip according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the coverslip is a combination selected from the group consisting of Er 3 VYb 3+ , Er 3 VDy 3+ , Yb 3 VTb 3+ , Yb 3 VTm 3+ and Y 3 VHo 3+ contains.
6. Deckglas nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem ein Anteil der Seltenerdionen an der Zusammensetzung des Glases im Bereich von 80 bis 100 % des maximal löslichen Anteils der Seltenerdionen im Glas liegt.A coverslip according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a proportion of the rare earth ions in the composition of the glass is in the range of 80 to 100% of the maximum soluble portion of the rare earth ions in the glass.
7. Verwendung eines Glases, das 0,001 - 20 Gew.% Seltenerdionen der Oxidationsstufe +2, +3 oder +4 enthält, als Deckglas für Solarmodule. 7. Use of a glass which contains 0.001-20% by weight of rare earth ions of the oxidation state +2, +3 or +4, as cover glass for solar modules.
PCT/EP2008/053851 2007-07-18 2008-03-31 Covering glass for a solar module WO2009010315A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102007034263.4 2007-07-18
DE102007034263 2007-07-18

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110019123A1 (en) * 2009-03-02 2011-01-27 Christopher Prest Techniques for Strengthening Glass Covers for Portable Electronic Devices

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US20030114290A1 (en) * 2001-09-26 2003-06-19 Landa Ksenia A. Grey glass composition including erbium ,holmium, and/or yttrium
US20040116271A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Thomsen Scott V. Grey glass composition
US20040180775A1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2004-09-16 Guardian Industries Corp. Clear glass composition
WO2005082799A2 (en) * 2004-02-25 2005-09-09 Guardian Industries Corp. Clear glass composition
US20070161492A1 (en) * 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Smith Dennis G Colored glass compositions

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030114290A1 (en) * 2001-09-26 2003-06-19 Landa Ksenia A. Grey glass composition including erbium ,holmium, and/or yttrium
US20040180775A1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2004-09-16 Guardian Industries Corp. Clear glass composition
US20040116271A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Thomsen Scott V. Grey glass composition
WO2005082799A2 (en) * 2004-02-25 2005-09-09 Guardian Industries Corp. Clear glass composition
US20070161492A1 (en) * 2006-01-12 2007-07-12 Smith Dennis G Colored glass compositions

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110019123A1 (en) * 2009-03-02 2011-01-27 Christopher Prest Techniques for Strengthening Glass Covers for Portable Electronic Devices
US8937689B2 (en) * 2009-03-02 2015-01-20 Apple Inc. Techniques for strengthening glass covers for portable electronic devices
US20150116919A1 (en) * 2009-03-02 2015-04-30 Apple Inc. Techniques for Strengthening Glass Covers for Portable Electronic Devices
US10185113B2 (en) * 2009-03-02 2019-01-22 Apple Inc. Techniques for strengthening glass covers for portable electronic devices

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