WO2009030570A1 - Structured forming fabric and method of making paper - Google Patents
Structured forming fabric and method of making paper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009030570A1 WO2009030570A1 PCT/EP2008/060265 EP2008060265W WO2009030570A1 WO 2009030570 A1 WO2009030570 A1 WO 2009030570A1 EP 2008060265 W EP2008060265 W EP 2008060265W WO 2009030570 A1 WO2009030570 A1 WO 2009030570A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weft
- warp
- yarn
- yarns
- fabric
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 282
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 201000005947 Carney Complex Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002905 orthoesters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
- D21F11/006—Making patterned paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/903—Paper forming member, e.g. fourdrinier, sheet forming member
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to papermaking, and relates more specifically to a structured forming fabrics employed in papermaking.
- the invention also relates to a structured forming fabric having deep pockets.
- a water slurry, or suspension, of cellulosic fibers (known as the paper "stock") is fed onto the top of the upper run of an endless belt of woven wire and/or synthetic material that travels between two or more rolls.
- the belt often referred to as a "forming fabric,” provides a papermaking surface on the upper surface of its upper run which operates as a filter to separate the cellulosic fibers of the paper stock from the aqueous medium, thereby forming a wet paper web.
- the aqueous medium drains through mesh openings of the forming fabric, known as drainage holes, by gravity or vacuum located on the lower surface of the upper run (i.e., the "machine side") of the fabric.
- the paper web After leaving the forming section, the paper web is transferred to a press section of the paper machine, where it is passed through the nips of one or more pairs of pressure rollers covered with another fabric, typically referred to as a "press felt.” Pressure from the rollers removes additional moisture from the web; the moisture removal is often enhanced by the presence of a "batt" layer of the press felt.
- the paper is then transferred to a dryer section for further moisture removal. After drying, the paper is ready for secondary processing and packaging.
- papermaker's fabrics are manufactured as endless belts by one of two basic weaving techniques.
- fabrics are flat woven by a flat weaving process, with their ends being joined to form an endless belt by any one of a number of well-known joining methods, such as dismantling and reweaving the ends together (commonly known as splicing), or sewing on a pin-seamable flap or a special foldback on each end, then reweaving these into pin-seamable loops.
- a number of auto- joining machines are available, which for certain fabrics may be used to automate at least part of the joining process.
- the warp yarns extend in the machine direction and the filling yarns extend in the cross machine direction.
- Effective sheet and fiber support are important considerations in papermaking, especially for the forming section of the papermaking machine, where the wet web is initially formed. Additionally, the forming fabrics should exhibit good stability when they are run at high speeds on the papermaking machines, and preferably are highly permeable to reduce the amount of water retained in the web when it is transferred to the press section of the paper machine.
- tissue and fine paper applications i.e., paper for use in quality printing, carbonizing, cigarettes, electrical condensers, and like
- the papermaking surface comprises a very finely woven or fine wire mesh structure.
- the sheet In a conventional tissue forming machine, the sheet is formed flat. At the press section, 100% of the sheet is pressed and compacted to reach the necessary dryness and the sheet is further dried on a Yankee and hood section. This, however, destroys the sheet quality. The sheet is then creped and wound-up, thereby producing a flat sheet.
- a sheet In an ATMOS system, a sheet is formed on a structured or molding fabric and the sheet is further sandwiched between the structured or molding fabric and a dewatering fabric. The sheet is dewatered through the dewatering fabric and opposite the molding fabric. The dewatering takes place with air flow and mechanical pressure. The mechanical pressure is created by a permeable belt and the direction of air flow is from the permeable belt to the dewatering fabric.
- a big advantage of the ATMOS system is that it utilizes a permeable belt which is highly tensioned, e.g., about 60 kN/m. This belt enhances the contact points and intimacy for maximum vacuum dewatering. Additionally, the belt nip is more than 20 times longer than a conventional press and utilizes air flow through the nip, which is not the case on a conventional press system.
- WO 2005/035867 to LAFOND et al. discloses structured forming fabrics which utilize at least two different diameter yarns to impart bulk into a tissue sheet. This document, however, does not teach to create deep pockets which have a three-dimensional pattern, nor does it teach using the disclosed fabrics on an ATMOS system and/or forming the pillows in the sheet while the sheet is relatively wet and utilizing a hi-tension press nip.
- the above-noted conventional fabrics limit the amount of bulk that can be built into the sheet being formed due to the fact that they have shallow depth pockets compared to the instant invention. Furthermore, the pockets of the conventional fabrics are merely extensions of the contact areas on the warp and weft yarns.
- a structured fabric having a warp and weft structure that is asymmetrical in form.
- the invention provides offset pillows and creates a shape that is to some extent diagonal. This can improve the performance of the system in terms of on-machine drying efficiency.
- a structured fabric that provides increased caliper, bulk, and absorbency in tissue and toweling.
- various weave designs/configurations wherein warp impressions are utilized to provide deep pockets at optimum frequency compared to conventional fabrics.
- Optimum frequency will depend on what is best for the product being made.
- the frequency can be adjusted by varying the mesh and count of the fabric.
- the pockets are deeper than those of conventional fabrics because the have bottoms which are arranged on a plane lower than the contact level which borders the pocket on two sides.
- the floors or bottoms of the pockets can also be formed by a plain weave.
- the weave designs/configurations of the invention can be used on conventional TAD systems, on an ATMOS system, on an E-TAD (i.e., a proprietary process of Georgia-Pacific) system, and/or on Metso systems.
- the forming fabric of the invention is used on an ATMOS system.
- an ATMOS system By dewatehng from the belt press belt of the ATMOS system towards the web, structured fabric and the dewatering belt, contact area at the Yankee is enhanced and a higher dryer efficiency results at the Yankee. This is because the surface of the web which contacts the dewatering belt is the same surface which contacts the Yankee.
- TAD through air drying
- the weave designs/configurations of the invention can utilize shaped yarns, as well as a wide range of meshes, counts, permeabilities, yarn diameters and number of pockets per square inch as will be specified herein.
- a forming fabric for the manufacture of bulky tissue and/or toweling wherein the fabric comprises a plurality of substantially equally sized pockets formed by a warp and weft interchange such that, in the upper plane of the fabric, the pockets are surrounded by warp and weft yarns, and the ratio of the length of the warp floats to the length of the weft floats is greater than about 1 :1 , and is most preferably, greater than about 2:1.
- a forming fabric for the manufacture of bulky tissue and/or toweling wherein the fabric comprises a plurality of substantially equally sized pockets formed by having a minimum of two planes of warp and weft interchange such that in the upper plane of the fabric, the pockets are surrounded by warp and weft yarns, and the ratio of the length of the warp floats to the length of the weft floats is greater than about 1 :1 , and is most preferably, greater than about 2:1.
- a forming fabric for the manufacture of bulky tissue and/or toweling wherein the fabric produces a tissue or towel sheet with an improved elongated surface shape for the pillows on the sheet, while also maintaining a standard pocket size thereby providing improved machine performance.
- a forming fabric for the manufacture of bulky tissue and/or toweling wherein the fabric has deep pockets with ratios of warp top weft floats that are greater than about 1 :1.
- the fabric has a ratio of warp to weft floats of about 5:1.
- the fabric has a ratio of warp to weft floats of about 7:2.
- the fabric utilizes overlapping warps and/or overlapping and staggered warps.
- the invention also provides for a twin wire ATMOS system which utilizes the belt press belt disclosed in US Patent Application No. 11/276,789 filed on March 14, 2006 (Attorney Docket Number P29473).
- the disclosure of this US patent application is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the invention additionally also provides for a twin wire ATMOS system which utilizes the dewatering fabric disclosed in US Patent Application No. 11/380,835 filed April 28, 2006 (Attorney Docket Number P29514).
- the disclosure of this US patent application is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the invention also provides for a dewatering system for dewatering a web wherein the system includes a twin wire former, a belt press, and a structured fabric comprising a paper web facing side and being guided over a support surface and through the belt press.
- the structured fabric runs at a slower speed than a wire of the twin wire former.
- the structured fabric may have a permeability value of between approximately 100 cfm and approximately 1200 cfm, a paper surface contact area of between approximately 5% and approximately 70% when not under pressure and tension, and an open area of between approximately 10% and approximately 90%.
- the structured fabric may comprise one of a single material, a monofilament material, a multifilament material, and two or more different materials.
- the structured fabric may be resistant to at least one of hydrolysis and temperatures which exceed 100 degrees C.
- the structured fabric may be an endless belt that is at least one of pre-seamed and has its ends joined on a machine which utilizes the belt press.
- the web may be at least one of a tissue web, a hygiene web, and a towel web.
- the invention also provides for a method of subjecting a fibrous web to pressing in a paper machine using any of the systems described herein, wherein the method comprises forming the fibrous web in the twin wire former and applying pressure to the structured fabric and the fibrous web in the belt press while the web is arranged on the structured forming fabric.
- a forming fabric for making a bulky web wherein the fabric comprises a machine facing side and a web facing side comprising pockets formed by warp and weft yarns.
- a bottom of the pockets is formed by an exchange of the warp and weft yarns and a contact plane of the web facing side comprises elongated warp knuckles.
- the bulky web may comprise at least one of a tissue web, a hygiene web, and a towel web.
- the pockets may be substantially equally sized pockets.
- the bottom of the pockets can be formed by a plain weave of the warp and weft yarns.
- the elongated warp knuckles may define the upper plane of the pockets.
- the elongated warp knuckles may define a shape of the pockets and the shape can be substantially diamond shaped.
- the elongated warp knuckles may define a shape of the pockets and the shape may be at least one of non square-shaped, defined by overlapping knuckles, and defined by overlapping and staggered knuckles.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats can be greater than 1 : 1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be greater than 2: 1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be 5:1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be 7:2.
- the fabric may comprise a warp mesh of about 61 , a weft count of about 49, a permeability of approximately 545 cfm, a caliper of approximately 0.0374 inches, and a warp modulus of about 5257 kg.
- the fabric may also comprise a warp mesh of about 58, a weft count of about 50, a permeability of approximately 717 cfm, a caliper of approximately 0.0381 inches, and a warp modulus of about 4456 kg.
- the fabric may comprise one of a single material, a monofilament material, a multifilament material, and two or more different materials.
- the fabric may be resistant to at least one of hydrolysis and temperatures which exceed 100 degrees C.
- the fabric may be an endless belt that is at least one of pre-seamed and has its ends joined on a machine which utilizes the belt press.
- the fabric may be structured and arranged to impart a topographical pattern to a web.
- the fabric may utilize a pattern repeat of four warp yarns and eight weft yarns.
- One of the warp yarns of the pattern repeat may float over five weft yarns.
- One of the warp yarns of the pattern repeat may float over weft yarns 1 -5 and another of the warp yarns may float over weft yarns 5-8.
- the fabric may utilize a pattern repeat of four warp yarns and ten weft yarns.
- One of the warp yarns of the pattern repeat may float over seven weft yarns.
- One of the warp yarns of the pattern repeat may float over weft yarns 4-10 and another of the warp yarns may float over weft yarns 1 -5.
- the fabric may utilize a pattern repeat of ten warp yarns and ten weft yarns.
- One of the warp yarns of the pattern repeat may float over seven weft yarns.
- One of the warp yarns of the pattern repeat may float over weft yarns 3-9 and another of the warp yarns may float over weft yarns 1-7.
- the invention also provides for a method of subjecting a web to pressing in a paper machine using the fabric described above, wherein the method comprises forming a web and applying pressure to the fabric and the web.
- the paper machine may comprise one of a TAD system, an ATMOS system, an E-TAD system, and a Metso system.
- the invention also provides for a forming fabric for making a bulky web, wherein the fabric comprises a web facing side comprising pockets formed by warp and weft yarns. A bottom of the pockets is formed by a plain weave of the warp and weft yarns. A contact plane of the web facing side comprises elongated warp knuckles. A ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats is greater than 1 :1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be greater than 2:1.
- the invention also provides for a forming fabric for making a bulky web, wherein the fabric comprises a web facing side comprising pockets formed by warp and weft yarns. A bottom of the pockets is formed by a plain weave of the warp and weft yarns. A contact plane of the web facing side comprises only elongated warp knuckles and/or no weft knuckles and/or elongated weft knuckles. A ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be greater than 1 :1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be greater than 2:1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be 5: 1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be 7:2.
- the invention also provides for a forming fabric for making a bulky web, wherein the fabric comprises a web facing side comprising pockets formed by warp and weft yarns. A bottom of the pockets is formed by a plain weave of the warp and weft yarns and a contact plane of the web facing side comprises elongated warp knuckles. A ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats is greater than 1 :1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be greater than 2:1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be 5: 1.
- a ratio of a length of warp floats to a length of weft floats may be 7:2.
- the invention also provides for a paper making machine fabric comprising a woven fabric having a weave pattern which is regularly repeated over a surface.
- Weft yarns, warp yarns, and recesses or pockets open upwardly to a paper supporting side of the fabric. Zones are spaced over the surface of the fabric.
- One of the warp yarns overlays at least five of the weft yarns in direct sequence.
- Said one warp yarn has an adjacent warp yarn disposed on each side of said one warp yarn.
- a first of said at least five weft yarns extends under said one warp yarn and over the adjacent warp yarns, a second of said five weft yarns extends under the adjacent warp yarns, a third of said five weft yarns extends over the adjacent warp yarns, a fourth of said five weft yarns extends under the adjacent warp yarns, and a fifth of said five weft yarns extends over the adjacent warp yarns.
- the invention also provides for a paper making machine fabric comprising a woven fabric having a weave pattern which is regularly repeated over a surface.
- Weft yarns, warp yarns, and recesses or pockets open upwardly to a paper supporting side of the fabric. Zones are spaced over the surface of the fabric.
- One of the warp yarns overlays at least seven of the weft yarns in direct sequence.
- Said one warp yarn has an adjacent warp yarn disposed on each side of said one warp yarn. At least three of said at least seven weft yarns extends under said one warp yarn and over the adjacent warp yarns.
- the invention also provides for a paper making machine fabric comprising a woven fabric having a weave pattern which is regularly repeated over a surface.
- Weft yarns, warp yarns, and recesses or pockets open upwardly to a paper supporting side of the fabric. Zones are spaced over the surface of the fabric.
- One of the warp yarns overlays at least seven of the weft yarns in direct sequence.
- Said one warp yarn has an adjacent warp yarn disposed on each side of said one warp yarn. At least five of said at least seven weft yarns extends under said one warp yarn and over the adjacent warp yarns.
- the invention also provides for a paper making machine fabric comprising a woven fabric having a weave pattern repeating over a surface.
- a pattern square for the repeating pattern contains four warp yarns and eight weft yarns.
- Warp yarn 1 extends over weft yarns 1-5, under weft yarn 6, over weft yarn 7 and under weft yarn 8.
- Warp yarn 2 extends under weft yarn 1 , over weft yarn 2, under weft yarn 3, over weft yarn 4, under weft yarn 5, over weft yarn 6, under weft yarn 7 and over weft yarn 8.
- Warp yarn 3 extends over weft yarn 1 , under weft yarn 2, over weft yarn 3, under weft yarn 4, and over weft yarns 5-8.
- Warp yarn 4 extends under weft yarn 1 , over weft yarn 2, under weft yarn 3, over weft yarn 4, under weft yarn 5, over weft yarn 6, under weft yarn 7 and over weft yarn 8.
- the invention also provides for a paper making machine fabric comprising a woven fabric having a weave pattern repeating over a surface. A pattern square for the repeating pattern contains four warp yarns and ten weft yarns.
- Warp yarn 1 extends under weft yarn 1 , over weft yarn 2, under weft yarn 3 and over weft yarns 4-10.
- Warp yarn 2 extends over weft yarn 1 , under weft yarns 2-3, over weft yarn 4, under weft yarn 5, over weft yarn 6, under weft yarn 7 and over weft yarn 8.
- Warp yarn 3 extends over weft yarns 1 -5, under weft yarn 6, over weft yarn 7, under weft yarn 8 and over weft yarns 9- 10.
- Warp yarn 4 extends over weft yarn 1 , under weft yarn 2, over weft yarn 3, under weft yarns 4-5, over weft yarn 6, under weft yarns 7-8, over weft yarn 9 and under weft yarn 10.
- the invention also provides for a paper making machine fabric comprising a woven fabric having a weave pattern repeating over a surface.
- a pattern square for the repeating pattern contains ten warp yarns and ten weft yarns.
- Warp yarn 1 extends over weft yarn 1 , under weft yarn 2, over weft yarns 3-9 and under weft yarn 10.
- Warp yarn 2 extends under weft yarn 1 , over weft yarn 2, under weft yarns 3-5, over weft yarn 6, under weft yarns 7-9 and over weft yarn 10.
- Warp yarn 3 extends over weft yarns 1 -3, under weft yarn 4, over weft yarn 5, under weft yarn 6 and over weft yarns 7-10.
- Warp yarn 4 extends under weft yarns 1-3, over weft yarn 4, under weft yarn 5, over weft yarn 6, under weft yarns 7-9 and over weft yarn 10.
- Warp yarn 5 extends over weft yarns 1 -7, under weft yarn 8, over weft yarn 9 and under weft yarn 10.
- Warp yarn 6 extends under weft yarns 1-3, over weft yarn 4, under weft yarns 5-7, over weft yarn 8, under weft yarn 9 and over weft yarn 10.
- Warp yarn 7 extends over weft yarn 1 , under weft yarn 2, over weft yarn 3, under weft yarn 4 and over weft yarns 5-10.
- Warp yarn 8 extends under weft yarn 1 , over weft yarn 2, under weft yarn 3, over weft yarn 4, under weft yarns 5-7, over weft yarn 8 and under weft yarns 9-10.
- Warp yarn 9 extends over weft yarns 1 -5, under weft yarn 6, over weft yarn 7, under weft yarn 8 and over weft yarns 9-10.
- Warp yarn 10 extends under weft yarn 1 , over weft yarn 2, under weft yarns 3-5, over weft yarn 6, under weft yarn 7, over weft yarn 8 and under weft yarns 9-10.
- Fig. 1 shows a weave pattern of a top side or paper facing side of a first non-limiting embodiment of a forming fabric according to the invention
- Fig. 2 shows a weave pattern repeat of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 1.
- the pattern repeat includes four warp threads and eight weft threads.
- the value "X" indicates locations wherein the warp threads pass over weft threads;
- Fig. 3 shows cross-sections of the weave pattern repeat of the forming fabric shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and illustrates how each of the four warp yarns weaves with the eight weft yarns;
- Fig. 4 shows a photograph of a top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric utilizing the weave pattern shown in Fig. 1 ;
- Fig. 5 shows a photograph of a bottom side or machine side of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 4
- Fig. 6 shows a photograph of impressions which are formed in a sheet in contact with the top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric shown in Fig. 4;
- Fig. 7 shows a weave pattern of a top side or paper facing side of a second non- limiting embodiment of a forming fabric according to the invention
- Fig. 8 shows a weave pattern repeat of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 7.
- the pattern repeat includes four warp threads and ten weft threads.
- the value "X" indicates locations wherein the warp threads pass over weft threads;
- Fig. 9 shows cross-sections of the weave pattern repeat of the forming fabric shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and illustrates how each of the four warp yarns weaves with the ten weft yarns;
- Fig. 10 shows a photograph of a top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric utilizing the weave pattern shown in Fig. 7;
- Fig. 11 shows a photograph of a bottom side or machine side of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 10;
- Fig. 12 shows a photograph of impressions which are formed in a sheet in contact with the top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric shown in Fig.
- Fig. 13 shows a weave pattern of a top side or paper facing side of a third non-limiting embodiment of a forming fabric according to the invention
- Fig. 14 shows a weave pattern repeat of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 13.
- the pattern repeat includes ten warp threads and ten weft threads.
- the value "X" indicates locations wherein the warp threads pass over weft threads
- Fig. 15 shows cross-sections of the weave pattern repeat of the forming fabric shown in Figs. 13 and 14, and illustrates how each of the ten warp yarns weaves with the ten weft yarns
- Fig. 16 shows a photograph of a top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric utilizing the weave pattern shown in Fig. 13;
- Fig. 17 shows a photograph of a bottom side or machine side of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 16;
- Fig. 18 shows a photograph of impressions which are formed in a sheet in contact with the top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric shown in Fig.
- the present invention relates to a forming fabric for a paper machine, a former for manufacturing premium tissue and toweling, and also to a former which utilizes the forming fabric and a belt press in a paper machine.
- the present invention relates to a twin wire former for manufacturing premium issue and toweling which utilizes the forming fabric and a belt press in a paper machine.
- the system of the invention is capable of producing premium tissue or toweling with a quality similar to a through-air drying (TAD) but with up to a 40% cost savings.
- TAD through-air drying
- the present invention also relates to a twin wire former ATMOS system which utilizes a structured fabric which has good resistance to pressure and excessive tensile strain forces, and which can withstand wear/hydrolysis effects that are experienced in an ATMOS system.
- the system also includes a permeable belt for use in a high tension extended nip around a rotating roll or a stationary shoe and/or which is used in a papermaking device/process, and a dewatering fabric for the manufacture of premium tissue or towel grades without utilizing a through-air drying (TAD) system.
- TAD through-air drying
- the fabric has key parameters which include permeability, weight, caliper, and certain compressibility.
- FIG. 1 depicts a top pattern view of the top fabric plane or paper side surface of the fabric (i.e., a view of the papermaking surface).
- the numbers 1-4 shown on the bottom of the pattern identify the warp (machine direction) yarns while the right side numbers 1-8 show the weft (cross-direction) yarns.
- symbol X illustrates locations where warp yarns pass over the weft yarns and empty boxes illustrate locations where warp yarns pass under weft yarns.
- the upper layer of the fabric defines a pocket shape between four warp knuckles LWK which is substantially diamond-shaped and non-square, i.e., which has a shape discernable in Fig. 6.
- the parameters of the fabric shown in Fig. 1 can have a mesh (number of warp yarns per inch) of 61 and a count (number of weft yarns per inch) of 49.
- the fabric can have a permeability of about 545 cfm and a caliper of about 0.0374 inches.
- the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 also results in deep pockets with a ratio of warp top weft floats of 5:1.
- the fabric of Fig. 2 shows a single repeat of the fabric that encompasses 4 warp yarns (yarns 1-4 represented vertically in Fig. 1 ) and 8 weft yarns (yarns 1-8 represented horizontally in Fig. 1 ).
- the fabric can be a 20 shed dsp.
- Fig. 3 depicts the paths of the warp yarns 1 -4 as they weave with the weft yarns 1-8. While Figs. 2 and 3 only show a single repeat unit of the fabric, those of skill in the art will appreciate that in commercial applications the repeat unit shown in Figs. 2 and 3 would be repeated many times, in both the warp and weft directions, to form a large fabric suitable for use on a papermaking machine.
- warp yarn 1 floats over weft yarns 1-5, then passes under weft yarn 6, then passes over weft yarn 7, and then passes under weft yarn 8. In the area where the warp yarn 1 weaves with the weft yarns 6-8, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket. Furthermore, the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 1 passes over the five weft yarns 1-5.
- Warp yarn 2 weaves with weft yarns 1 -8, by first passing under weft yarn 1 , then over weft yarn 2, then under weft yarn 3, then over weft yarn 4, then under weft yarn 5, then over weft yarn 6, then under weft yarn 7, then under weft yarn 8. In the area where the warp yarn 2 weaves with the weft yarns 1 -8, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- warp yarn 3 weaves with weft yarns 1 -4, then floats over weft yarns 5-8.
- this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 3 passes over the weft yarns 5-8.
- warp yarn 4 weaves with weft yarns 1 -8, by first passing under weft yarn 1 , then over weft yarn 2, then under weft yarn 3, then over weft yarn 4, then under weft yarn 5, then over weft yarn 6, then under weft yarn 7, then under weft yarn 8. In the area where the warp yarn 4 weaves with the weft yarns 1 -8, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- Fig. 4 shows a photograph of a top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric utilizing the weave pattern shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 shows a photograph of a bottom side or machine side of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 4.
- FIG. 7 depicts a top pattern view of the top fabric plane or paper side surface of the fabric (i.e., a view of the papermaking surface).
- the numbers 1-4 shown on the bottom of the pattern identify the warp (machine direction) yarns while the right side numbers 1-10 show the weft (cross-direction) yarns.
- symbol X illustrates locations where warp yarns pass over the weft yarns and empty boxes illustrate locations where warp yarns pass under weft yarns.
- the area formed between warp yarn 1 and warp yarn 1 of an adjacent repeat, and between weft yarn 5 and weft yarn 9 illustrates the bottom area of a pocket formed by the fabric.
- the upper layer of the fabric utilizes overlapping warps and defines a pocket shape between four warp knuckles LWK which is substantially an offset diamond-shaped and non-square, i.e., which has a shape discernable in Fig. 12.
- the parameters of the fabric shown in Fig. 7 can have a mesh (number of warp yarns per inch) of 58 and a count (number of weft yarns per inch) of 50.
- the fabric can have a permeability of about 717 cfm and a caliper of about 0.0381 inches.
- the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 also results in deep pockets with a ratio of warp top weft floats of 7:2.
- the fabric of Fig. 8 shows a single repeat of the fabric that encompasses 4 warp yarns (yarns 1-4 represented vertically in Fig. 7) and 10 weft yarns (yarns 1-10 represented horizontally in Fig. 7).
- the fabric can be a four shed dsp.
- Fig. 9 depicts the paths of the warp yarns 1-4 as they weave with the weft yarns 1-10. While Figs. 8 and 9 only show a single repeat unit of the fabric, those of skill in the art will appreciate that in commercial applications the repeat unit shown in Figs. 8 and 9 would be repeated many times, in both the warp and weft directions, to form a large fabric suitable for use on a papermaking machine.
- warp yarn 1 weaves with weft yarns 1-3 and then floats over weft yarns 4-10. That is, warp yarn 1 passes under weft yarn 1 , then passes over weft yarn 2, then passes under weft yarn 3, and then floats over weft yarns 4-10. In the area where the warp yarn 1 weaves with the weft yarns 1 -3, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket. Furthermore, the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 1 passes over the seven weft yarns 4-10.
- Warp yarn 2 weaves with weft yarns 1 and 4-8, by first passing over weft yarn 1 , then under weft yarns 2-3, then over weft yarn 4, then under weft yarn 5, then over weft yarn 6, then under weft yarn 7, then over weft yarn 8, then under weft yarns 9-10. In the area where the warp yarn 2 weaves with the weft yarns 4-8, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- warp yarn 3 floats over weft yarns 1 -5, then weaves with weft yarns 6-8. Then, warp yarn 3 passes over weft yarns 9-10. In the area where the warp yarn 3 weaves with the weft yarns 6-8, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket. Furthermore, the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 3 passes over the weft yarns 1-5.
- warp yarn 4 weaves with weft yarns 1 -3, 6 and 9, by first passing over weft yarn 1 , then under weft yarn 2, then over weft yarn 3, then under weft yarns 4-5, then over weft yarn 6, then under weft yarns 7-8, then over weft yarn 9, and then under weft yarn 10.
- this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- Fig. 11 shows a photograph of a bottom side or machine side of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 10
- Fig. 12 shows a photograph of impressions which are formed in a sheet in contact with the top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric shown in Fig. 10.
- FIG. 13 depicts a top pattern view of the top fabric plane or paper side surface of the fabric (i.e., a view of the papermaking surface).
- the numbers 1-10 shown on the bottom of the pattern identify the warp (machine direction) yarns while the right side numbers 1-10 show the weft (cross-direction) yarns.
- symbol X illustrates locations where warp yarns pass over the weft yarns and empty boxes illustrate locations where warp yarns pass under weft yarns.
- the area formed between warp yarn 1 and warp yarn 5, and between weft yarn 5 and weft yarn 7, illustrates the bottom area of a pocket formed by the fabric.
- the upper layer of the fabric utilizes staggered overlapping warps and defines a pocket shape between long warp knuckles LWK and short weft knuckles SWK which has a shape discernable in Fig. 18.
- the parameters of the fabric shown in Fig. 13 can have a mesh (number of warp yarns per inch) of 59 and a count (number of weft yarns per inch) of 48.
- the fabric can have a permeability of about 600 cfm and a caliper of about 0.042 inches.
- the embodiment shown in Fig. 13 also results in deep pockets with a ratio of warp top weft floats of 7:2.
- the fabric of Fig. 14 shows a single repeat of the fabric that encompasses 10 warp yarns (yarns 1-10 represented vertically in Fig. 13) and 10 weft yarns (yarns 1-10 represented horizontally in Fig. 13).
- the fabric can be a ten shed dsp.
- Fig. 15 depicts the paths of the warp yarns 1-10 as they weave with the weft yarns 1-10. While Figs. 14 and 15 only show a single repeat unit of the fabric, those of skill in the art will appreciate that in commercial applications the repeat unit shown in Figs. 14 and 15 would be repeated many times, in both the warp and weft directions, to form a large fabric suitable for use on a papermaking machine.
- warp yarn 1 weaves with weft yarns 1 -2, then floats over weft yarns 3- 9, and weaves with weft yarn 10. That is, warp yarn 1 passes over weft yarn 1 , then passes under weft yarn 2, then floats over weft yarns 3-9, and then weaves with weft yarn 10. In the area where the warp yarn 1 weaves with the weft yarns 1-3, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket. Furthermore, the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 1 passes over the seven weft yarns 3-9.
- Warp yarn 2 weaves with weft yarns 2, 6 and 10, and passes under weft yarns 3-5 and 7-
- warp yarn 3 floats over weft yarns 1 -3 and 7-10, and weaves with weft yarns 4-6. That is, warp yarn 3 passes over weft yarns 1-3, then passes under weft yarn 4, then over weft yarn 5, and then under weft yarn 6. Then, warp yarn 3 floats over weft yarns 7-10. In the area where the warp yarn 3 weaves with the weft yarns 5-6, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 3 passes over, e.g., weft yarns 1-3.
- the short weft knuckles SWK are formed in the areas where, e.g., the warp yarn 3 passes under weft yarn 4.
- Warp yarn 4 passes under weft yarns 1-3 and 7-9 and weaves with weft yarns 4-6 and 10, by first passing under weft yarns 1 -3, then over weft yarn 4, then under weft yarn 5, then over weft yarn 6, then under weft yarns 7-9, and then over weft yarn 10. In the area where the warp yarn 4 weaves with the weft yarns 5-7, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- warp yarn 5 weaves with weft yarns 8-10 after passing over weft yarns 1 -7. That is, warp yarn 5 passes over weft yarns 1 -7, then passes under weft yarn 8, then over weft yarn 9, and then passes under weft yarn 10. In the area where the warp yarn 5 weaves with the weft yarns 9-10, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket. Furthermore, the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 5 passes over the seven weft yarns 1-7. The short weft knuckles SWK are formed in the areas where, e.g., the warp yarn 5 passes under weft yarn 8.
- Warp yarn 6 passes under weft yarns 1-3 and 5-7 and weaves with weft yarns 4 and 8- 10, by first passing under weft yarns 1-3, then over weft yarn 4, then under weft yarns 5- 7, then over weft yarn 8, then under weft yarn9, and then over weft yarn 10. In the area where the warp yarn 6 weaves with, e.g., weft yarns 3-5, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- warp yarn 7 weaves with weft yarns 1-4 before passing over weft yarns 5-10. That is, warp yarn 7 passes over weft yarn 1 , then passes under weft yarn 2, then over weft yarn 3, then under weft yarn 4, and then passes over weft yarns 5-10. In the area where the warp yarn 7 weaves with the weft yarns 3-5, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket. Furthermore, the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 7 passes over the weft yarns 5-10. The short weft knuckles SWK are formed in the areas where, e.g., the warp yarn 7 passes under weft yarn 2.
- Warp yarn 8 weaves with weft yarns 1-4 and 8, and passes under weft yarns 5-7 and 9- 10 by first passing under weft yarn 1 , then over weft yarn 2, then passes under weft yarn 3, then over weft yarn 4, then passes under weft yarns 5-7, then over weft yarn 8, and then under weft yarns 9-10. In the area where the warp yarn 8 weaves with, e.g., weft yarns 3-5, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- warp yarn 9 floats over weft yarns 1 -5 and 9-10, and weaves with weft yarns 6-8. That is, warp yarn 9 passes over weft yarns 1-5, then passes under weft yarn 6, then over weft yarn 7, then under weft yarn 8. Then, warp yarn 9 floats over weft yarns 9-10. In the area where the warp yarn 9 weaves with the weft yarns 7-8, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket. Furthermore, the long warp knuckles LWK are formed in the areas where the warp yarn 9 passes over, e.g., weft yarns 1-5. The short weft knuckles SWK are formed in the areas where, e.g., the warp yarn 9 passes under weft yarn 6.
- Warp yarn 10 weaves with weft yarns 2 and 6-8, and passes under weft yarns 3-5 and 9- 10 by first passing under weft yarn 1 , then over weft yarn 2, then passes under weft yarns 3-5, then over weft yarn 6, then passes under weft yarn 7, then over weft yarn 8, and then under weft yarns 9-10. In the area where the warp yarn 10 weaves with, e.g., weft yarns 2-4, this forms part of the plain weave bottom for a pocket.
- Fig. 16 shows a photograph of a top side or paper facing side of an actual forming fabric utilizing the weave pattern shown in Fig. 13 and Fig. 17 shows a photograph of a bottom side or machine side of the forming fabric shown in Fig. 16.
- the invention also provides for utilizing any of the herein disclosed fabrics on a machine for making a fibrous web, e.g., a tissue, hygiene paper wed, etc., which can be, e.g., a twin wire ATMOS system for processing a fibrous web.
- a machine for making a fibrous web e.g., a tissue, hygiene paper wed, etc.
- a twin wire ATMOS system for processing a fibrous web.
- the ATMOS system can be of the type disclosed in US Patent Application No. 11/735,211 (Attorney docket No. P31927) filed on April 13, 2007, the disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the ATMOS system can include a headbox which feeds a suspension to a twin wire former formed by an outer wire, an inner wire and a forming roll.
- the twin wire former can be of any conventionally known type and can preferably be of the type disclosed in e.g., US Patent Application Publication No. 2006/0085999 (based on US Application No. 11/189,884 filed on July 27, 2005), the disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the web is conveyed by the structured fabric, of the type described above, to and through a pressing arrangement, e.g., formed by a belt press assembly composed of a permeable tension belt and a vacuum roll.
- a dewatering fabric can also pass over the vacuum roll and through the belt press assembly.
- the web can be dewatered in an extended belt press nip, e.g., formed by the belt press assembly and the vacuum roll and may then be carried by the structured belt to a Yankee cylinder and hood arrangement, and can then be transferred to the Yankee using a press roll.
- a steam box and hot air blower arrangement may be arranged within the permeable tension belt and is arranged over a suction zone of the vacuum roll.
- One or more savealls can be utilized to collect moisture collected from the vacuum roll.
- the system can also utilize a number of guide rolls for each of the belts/fabrics, an adjusting roll for the dewatering belt, a number of UhIe boxes, a number of shower units, and an additional suction box or pick-up.
- the structured fabric can preferably be an endless fabric which transports the web to and from the belt press system, from the twin wire former, and to the Yankee cylinder for final drying. After being transferred from the twin wire former, the web lies in the three- dimensional structure of the fabric, and therefore it is not flat but has also a three-dimensional structure, which produces a high bulky web.
- the structured fabric can be a single or multi-layered woven fabric which can withstand the high pressures, heat, moisture concentrations, and which can achieve a high level of water removal and also mold or emboss the paper web required by the Voith ATMOS paper making process.
- the fabric should also have width stability and a suitable high permeability.
- the fabric should also preferably utilize hydrolysis and/or temperature resistant materials.
- the fabric may also preferably be utilized as part of a sandwich structure which includes at least two other belts and/or fabrics. These additional belts include a high tension belt and a dewatering belt.
- the sandwich structure is subjected to pressure and tension over an extended nip formed by a rotating roll or static support surface.
- the extended nip can have an angle of wrap of between approximately 30 degrees and approximately 180 degrees, and is preferably between approximately 50 degrees and approximately 130 degrees.
- the nip length can be between approximately 800 mm and approximately 2500 mm, and is preferably between approximately 1200 mm and approximately 1500 mm.
- the nip can be formed by a rotating suction roll having a diameter that is between approximately 1000 mm and approximately 2500 mm, and is preferably between approximately 1400 mm and approximately 1700 mm.
- the structured fabric imparts a topographical pattern into the paper sheet or web.
- high pressures can be imparted to the fabric via a high tension belt.
- the topography of the sheet pattern can be manipulated by varying the specifications of the fabric, i.e., by regulating parameters such as, yarn diameter, yarn shape, yarn density, and yarn type. Different topographical patterns can be imparted in the sheet by different surface weaves.
- the intensity of the sheet pattern can be varied by altering the pressure imparted by the high tension belt and by varying the specification of the fabric. Other factors which can influence the nature and intensity of the topographical pattern of the sheet include air temperature, air speed, air pressure, belt dwell time in the extended nip, and nip length.
- the single or multi-layered fabric should have a permeability value of between approximately 100 cfm and approximately 1200 cfm, and is preferably between approximately 200 cfm and approximately 900 cfm;
- the fabric which is part of a sandwich structure with two other belts e.g., a high tension belt and a dewatering belt, is subjected to pressure and tension over a rotating or static support surface and at an angle of wrap of between approximately 30 degrees and approximately 180 degrees and preferably between approximately 50 degrees and approximately 130 degrees;
- the fabric should have a paper surface contact area of between approximately 5% and approximately 70% when not under pressure or tension;
- the forming fabric should have an open area of between approximately 10% and approximately 90%.
- the fabric is preferably a woven fabric that can be installed on an ATMOS machine as a pre-joined and/or seamed continuous and/or endless belt.
- the forming fabric can be joined in the ATMOS machine using e.g., a pin-seam arrangement or can otherwise be seamed on the machine.
- the woven single or multi-layered fabric may utilize either hydrolysis and/or heat resistant materials.
- Hydrolysis resistant materials should preferably include a PET monofilament having an intrinsic viscosity value normally associated with dryer and TAD fabrics in the range of between 0.72 IV (Intrinsic Velocity, i.e., a dimensionless number used to correlate the molecular weight of a polymer.
- Heat resistant materials such as PPS can be utilized in the structured fabric.
- Other materials such as PEN, PBT, PEEK and PA can also be used to improve properties of the fabric such as stability, cleanliness and life.
- Both single polymer yarns and copolymer yarns can be used.
- the material for the fabric need not necessarily be made from monofilament and can be a multi-filament, core and sheath, and could also be a non-plastic material, i.e., a metallic material.
- the fabric may not necessarily be made of a single material and can be made of two, three or more different materials.
- the use of shaped yarns, i.e., non-circular yarns can also be utilized to enhance or control the topography or properties of the paper sheet. Shaped yarns can also be utilized to improve or control fabric characteristics or properties such as stability, caliper, surface contact area, surface planahty, permeability and wearability.
- the structured fabric can also be treated and/or coated with an additional polymeric material that is applied by, e.g., deposition.
- the material can be added cross-linked during processing in order to enhance fabric stability, contamination resistance, drainage, wearability, improve heat and/or hydrolysis resistance and in order to reduce fabric surface tension. This aids in sheet release and/or reduce drive loads.
- the treatment/coating can be applied to impart/improve one or several of these properties of the fabric.
- the topographical pattern in the paper web can be changed and manipulated by use of different single and multi-layer weaves. Further enhancement of the pattern can be further attained by adjustments to the specific fabric weave by changes to the yarn diameter, yarn counts, yarn types, yarn shapes, permeability, caliper and the addition of a treatment or coating etc.
- one or more surfaces of the fabric or molding belt can be subjected to sanding and/or abrading in order to enhance surface characteristics.
- the configurations of the individual yarns utilized in the fabrics of the present invention can vary, depending upon the desired properties of the final papermakers' fabric.
- the yarns may be multifilament yarns, monofilament yarns, twisted multifilament or monofilament yarns, spun yarns, or any combination thereof.
- the materials comprising yarns employed in the fabric of the present invention may be those commonly used in papermakers' fabric.
- the yarns may be formed of polypropylene, polyester, nylon, or the like. The skilled artisan should select a yarn material according to the particular application of the final fabric.
- the particular size of the yarns is typically governed by the mesh of the papermaking surface.
- the diameter of the warp and weft yarns can be between about 0.10 and 0.50 mm.
- the diameter of the warp yarns can be about 0.45 mm, is preferably about 0.27 mm, and is most preferably about 0.35 mm.
- the diameter of the weft yarns can be about 0.50 mm, is preferably about 0.35 mm, and is most preferably about 0.42 mm.
- the warp and weft yarns can have diameters of between about 0.13 mm, and 0.17 mm. Fabrics employing these yarn sizes may be implemented with polyester yarns or with a combination of polyester and nylon yarns.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200880112399A CN101849065A (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2008-08-05 | Structured forming fabric and method of making paper |
EP08786875A EP2191063A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2008-08-05 | Structured forming fabric and method of making paper |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/896,843 | 2007-09-06 | ||
US11/896,843 US7879194B2 (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | Structured forming fabric and method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009030570A1 true WO2009030570A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
Family
ID=39870309
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/060265 WO2009030570A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2008-08-05 | Structured forming fabric and method of making paper |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7879194B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2191063A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101849065A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009030570A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012104378A1 (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2012-08-09 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Structured fabric for use in a papermaking machine and the fibrous web produced thereon |
WO2012104373A3 (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2013-03-28 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Structured fabric |
WO2016128445A1 (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-08-18 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Papermaking fabric |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7300543B2 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2007-11-27 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Tissue products having high durability and a deep discontinuous pocket structure |
DE102006062237A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-26 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Machine for producing a fibrous web |
US8002950B2 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-08-23 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Structured fabric for papermaking and method |
CA2673846A1 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-01-24 | Roger Danby | Method of manufacturing industrial textiles by minimizing warp changes |
US20110152164A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-23 | Kenneth Bradley Close | Wet Wipe Having Improved Cleaning Capabilities |
US8480857B2 (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2013-07-09 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Structured fabric for use in a papermaking machine and the fibrous web produced thereon |
US20130309439A1 (en) | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-21 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Fibrous Nonwoven Web with Uniform, Directionally-Oriented Projections and a Process and Apparatus for Making the Same |
DE202014001502U1 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-03-21 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Woven wire with flat warp threads |
CA3177688A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-21 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Soft, absorbent sheets having high absorbency and high caliper, and methods of making soft, absorbent sheets |
US9963831B2 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2018-05-08 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Soft absorbent sheets, structuring fabrics for making soft absorbent sheets, and methods of making soft absorbent sheets |
US10138601B2 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2018-11-27 | Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc | Soft absorbent sheets, structuring fabrics for making soft absorbent sheets, and methods of making soft absorbent sheets |
USD790865S1 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-07-04 | Milliken & Company | Fabric |
CN106863930B (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2019-03-15 | 特大纺织制品(深圳)有限公司 | A kind of knitmesh and its safe back belt |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4239065A (en) * | 1979-03-09 | 1980-12-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Papermachine clothing having a surface comprising a bilaterally staggered array of wicker-basket-like cavities |
US5429686A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-07-04 | Lindsay Wire, Inc. | Apparatus for making soft tissue products |
US5853547A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1998-12-29 | Asten, Inc. | Papermaking fabric, process for producing high bulk products and the products produced thereby |
US20020056536A1 (en) * | 1999-04-20 | 2002-05-16 | Hans-Jurgen Lamb | Paper making machine fabric as well as tissue paper produced thereby |
WO2006113818A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Albany International Corp. | Through-air-drying fabric |
Family Cites Families (69)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3867766A (en) * | 1967-12-22 | 1975-02-25 | Huyck Corp | Dryer fabric for a papermaking machine |
US4314589A (en) * | 1978-10-23 | 1982-02-09 | Jwi Ltd. | Duplex forming fabric |
US4224372A (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-09-23 | Albany International Corp. | Paper machine clothing having controlled internal void volume |
SE430425C (en) * | 1981-06-23 | 1986-09-19 | Nordiskafilt Ab | PREPARATION WIRES FOR PAPER, CELLULOSA OR SIMILAR MACHINES |
DE3146385C2 (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1985-10-31 | Hermann Wangner Gmbh & Co Kg, 7410 Reutlingen | Double-layer fabric as a covering for paper machines |
US4423755A (en) * | 1982-01-22 | 1984-01-03 | Huyck Corporation | Papermakers' fabric |
EP0164434B1 (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1989-05-24 | F. Oberdorfer GmbH & Co. KG Industriegewebe-Technik | Papermachine cloth |
DE3600530A1 (en) * | 1986-01-10 | 1987-07-16 | Wangner Gmbh Co Kg Hermann | USE OF A PAPER MACHINE TREATMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TISSUE PAPER OR POROESE FLEECE AND THEREFORE SUITABLE PAPER MACHINE TENSIONING |
DE3938159A1 (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 1991-05-23 | Oberdorfer Fa F | COMPOSITE FABRICS FOR PAPER MACHINE BENCH |
US5151316A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1992-09-29 | Asten Group, Inc. | Multi-layered papermaker's fabric for thru-dryer application |
US5343896A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1994-09-06 | Asten Group, Inc. | Papermakers fabric having stacked machine direction yarns |
US5101866A (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1992-04-07 | Niagara Lockport Industries Inc. | Double layer papermakers fabric having extra support yarns |
US5324248A (en) * | 1992-11-03 | 1994-06-28 | Composite Development Corporation | Composite machine roll and method of manufacture |
US5731059A (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1998-03-24 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Dryer fabric having an abrasion resistant edge |
US5437315A (en) * | 1994-03-09 | 1995-08-01 | Huyck Licensco, Inc. | Multilayer forming fabric |
US5496624A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1996-03-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Multiple layer papermaking belt providing improved fiber support for cellulosic fibrous structures, and cellulosic fibrous structures produced thereby |
US5542455A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-08-06 | Wangner Systems Corp. | Papermaking fabric having diagonal rows of pockets separated by diagonal rows of strips having a co-planar surface |
US5456293A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1995-10-10 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Woven papermaking fabric with diagonally arranged pockets and troughs |
US5520225A (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1996-05-28 | Wangner Systems Corp. | Pocket arrangement in the support surface of a woven papermaking fabric |
US5817213A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1998-10-06 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Paper product formed from embossing fabric |
US5555917A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1996-09-17 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Sixteen harness multi-layer forming fabric |
GB9604602D0 (en) * | 1996-03-04 | 1996-05-01 | Jwi Ltd | Composite papermaking fabric with paired weft binder yarns |
US5694980A (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 1997-12-09 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Woven fabric |
US5713397A (en) * | 1996-08-09 | 1998-02-03 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Multi-layered through air drying fabric |
US5967195A (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 1999-10-19 | Weavexx Corporation | Multi-layer forming fabric with stitching yarn pairs integrated into papermaking surface |
US5945357A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-08-31 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Multi-layer press fabric comprising looped, knit yarns woven in an upper layer of fabric |
GB9811089D0 (en) * | 1998-05-23 | 1998-07-22 | Jwi Ltd | Warp-tied composite forming fabric |
US5988229A (en) * | 1998-08-20 | 1999-11-23 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Papermakers forming fabric with weft dominated paper support surface |
US6237644B1 (en) * | 1998-09-01 | 2001-05-29 | Stewart Lister Hay | Tissue forming fabrics |
US6148869A (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-11-21 | Wangner Systems Corporation | Dual layer papermaking fabric formed in a balanced weave |
DE19859581A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Voith Fabrics Heidenheim Gmbh | Multi-layer paper machine screen for dewatering and sheet formation |
DE19859582A1 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-06-29 | Voith Fabrics Heidenheim Gmbh | Three or multi-layer paper machine screen in the form of a composite fabric |
DE19917832C2 (en) * | 1999-04-20 | 2001-09-13 | Sca Hygiene Prod Gmbh | Paper machine clothing and tissue paper made with it |
GB2351505A (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-01-03 | Jwi Ltd | Two-layer woven fabric for papermaking machines |
US6349749B1 (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2002-02-26 | Geschmay Corp. | Woven fabric |
US6227256B1 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2001-05-08 | Albany International Corp. | Multi-layer papermaking fabric having long weft floats on its support and machine surfaces |
DE10030650C1 (en) | 2000-06-29 | 2002-05-29 | Kufferath Andreas Gmbh | papermaker |
US6379506B1 (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2002-04-30 | Weavexx Corporation | Auto-joinable triple layer papermaker's forming fabric |
JP3956341B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2007-08-08 | 日本フイルコン株式会社 | Industrial multilayer fabric |
US6763855B2 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2004-07-20 | Albany International Corp. | Through-air-drying base fabric |
US6834684B2 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2004-12-28 | Albany International Corp. | Paired warp triple layer forming fabrics with optimum sheet building characteristics |
US7048012B2 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2006-05-23 | Albany International Corp. | Paired warp triple layer forming fabrics with optimum sheet building characteristics |
US7059357B2 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2006-06-13 | Weavexx Corporation | Warp-stitched multilayer papermaker's fabrics |
US6896009B2 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2005-05-24 | Weavexx Corporation | Machine direction yarn stitched triple layer papermaker's forming fabrics |
US7059359B2 (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2006-06-13 | Voith Fabrics | Warp bound composite papermaking fabric |
US6926043B2 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2005-08-09 | Voith Fabrics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Forming fabrics |
US7415993B2 (en) * | 2003-06-10 | 2008-08-26 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Fabrics with multi-segment, paired, interchanging yarns |
US7300554B2 (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2007-11-27 | Albany International Corp. | Textured surface of a tissue forming fabric to generate bulk, cross directional tensile, absorbency, and softness in a sheet of paper |
US6978809B2 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-12-27 | Voith Fabrics | Composite papermaking fabric |
US7007722B2 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2006-03-07 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Forming fabric |
US7387706B2 (en) | 2004-01-30 | 2008-06-17 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process of material web formation on a structured fabric in a paper machine |
MXPA06007885A (en) | 2004-01-30 | 2007-01-19 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Press section and permeable belt in a paper machine. |
US7585395B2 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2009-09-08 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Structured forming fabric |
ATE461300T1 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2010-04-15 | Voith Patent Gmbh | ABRASION-RESISTANT MONOFILAMENT FOR INDUSTRIAL FABRIC |
DE102004035522A1 (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2006-03-16 | Voith Fabrics Patent Gmbh | Paper machine clothing |
DE102004035519A1 (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2006-02-09 | Voith Fabrics Patent Gmbh | Paper machine clothing |
US20060048840A1 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-09 | Scott Quigley | Compound forming fabric with additional bottom yarns |
DE102004044570A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-30 | Voith Fabrics Patent Gmbh | Machine for producing a fibrous web |
DE102004044572A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-30 | Voith Fabrics Patent Gmbh | Paper machine clothing |
US7510631B2 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2009-03-31 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Advanced dewatering system |
US7473336B2 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2009-01-06 | Albany International Corp. | Multiaxial fabrics |
US20060278294A1 (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-14 | Voith Fabrics Patent Gmbh | Hybrid warp exchange triple layer forming fabric |
US7431802B2 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2008-10-07 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Compound paper making fabric |
US7503350B2 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2009-03-17 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Compound forming fabric with additional bottom yarns |
US7527709B2 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2009-05-05 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | High tension permeable belt for an ATMOS system and press section of paper machine using the permeable belt |
EP1845187A3 (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2013-03-06 | Voith Patent GmbH | Twin wire former for an atmos system |
US7524403B2 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2009-04-28 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Forming fabric and/or tissue molding belt and/or molding belt for use on an ATMOS system |
US7550061B2 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2009-06-23 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Dewatering tissue press fabric for an ATMOS system and press section of a paper machine using the dewatering fabric |
US7644738B2 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2010-01-12 | Albany International Corp. | Through air drying fabric |
-
2007
- 2007-09-06 US US11/896,843 patent/US7879194B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-08-05 CN CN200880112399A patent/CN101849065A/en active Pending
- 2008-08-05 EP EP08786875A patent/EP2191063A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-08-05 WO PCT/EP2008/060265 patent/WO2009030570A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4239065A (en) * | 1979-03-09 | 1980-12-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Papermachine clothing having a surface comprising a bilaterally staggered array of wicker-basket-like cavities |
US5429686A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-07-04 | Lindsay Wire, Inc. | Apparatus for making soft tissue products |
US5853547A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1998-12-29 | Asten, Inc. | Papermaking fabric, process for producing high bulk products and the products produced thereby |
US20020056536A1 (en) * | 1999-04-20 | 2002-05-16 | Hans-Jurgen Lamb | Paper making machine fabric as well as tissue paper produced thereby |
WO2006113818A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Albany International Corp. | Through-air-drying fabric |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012104378A1 (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2012-08-09 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Structured fabric for use in a papermaking machine and the fibrous web produced thereon |
WO2012104373A3 (en) * | 2011-02-02 | 2013-03-28 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Structured fabric |
WO2016128445A1 (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-08-18 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Papermaking fabric |
US10633792B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2020-04-28 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Papermaking fabric |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090065167A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
US7879194B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 |
EP2191063A1 (en) | 2010-06-02 |
CN101849065A (en) | 2010-09-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7879194B2 (en) | Structured forming fabric and method | |
US7879195B2 (en) | Structured forming fabric and method | |
US7879193B2 (en) | Structured forming fabric and method | |
US9879376B2 (en) | Structured forming fabric for a papermaking machine, and papermaking machine | |
US8328990B2 (en) | Structured forming fabric, papermaking machine and method | |
US7744726B2 (en) | Twin wire for an ATMOS system | |
US8038847B2 (en) | Structured forming fabric, papermaking machine and method | |
US7993493B2 (en) | Structured forming fabric, papermaking machine and method | |
US8002950B2 (en) | Structured fabric for papermaking and method | |
EP2307610B1 (en) | Structured forming fabric | |
WO2012013773A1 (en) | Structured fabric | |
US20100193149A1 (en) | Structured forming fabric, papermaking machine and method | |
US20100186921A1 (en) | Structured forming fabric, papermaking machine and method |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200880112399.5 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 08786875 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2008786875 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01E Ref document number: PI0815444 Country of ref document: BR Free format text: IDENTIFIQUE E COMPROVE QUE O SIGNATARIO DA PETICAO NO 018100007423 DE 04/03/2010 TEM PODERES PARA ATUAR EM NOME DO DEPOSITANTE, UMA VEZ QUE BASEADO NO ARTIGO 216 DA LEI 9.279/1996 DE 14/05/1996 (LPI) "OS ATOS PREVISTOS NESTA LEI SERAO PRATICADOS PELAS PARTES OU POR SEUS PROCURADORES, DEVIDAMENTE QUALIFICADOS.". |
|
ENPW | Started to enter national phase and was withdrawn or failed for other reasons |
Ref document number: PI0815444 Country of ref document: BR Free format text: PEDIDO RETIRADO EM RELACAO AO BRASIL POR NAO ATENDER AS DETERMINACOES REFERENTES A ENTRADA DO PEDIDO NA FASE NACIONAL E POR NAO CUMPRIMENTO DA EXIGENCIA FORMULADA NA RPI NO 2323 DE 14/07/2015. |