WO2009072991A2 - Integration of fuel cells, hydrogen reformer, fuel processor, absorption chiller, heat recovery steam generator and internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Integration of fuel cells, hydrogen reformer, fuel processor, absorption chiller, heat recovery steam generator and internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009072991A2
WO2009072991A2 PCT/SG2008/000469 SG2008000469W WO2009072991A2 WO 2009072991 A2 WO2009072991 A2 WO 2009072991A2 SG 2008000469 W SG2008000469 W SG 2008000469W WO 2009072991 A2 WO2009072991 A2 WO 2009072991A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
internal combustion
combustion engines
fuel cells
steam generator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SG2008/000469
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009072991A3 (en
Inventor
Sri Mohana Lingham P.V.Lingham
Paramsothy Vaithialingham
Original Assignee
Agni Inc Pte. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agni Inc Pte. Ltd. filed Critical Agni Inc Pte. Ltd.
Publication of WO2009072991A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009072991A2/en
Publication of WO2009072991A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009072991A3/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
    • C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
    • C01B3/58—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids including a catalytic reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
    • C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0833—Heating by indirect heat exchange with hot fluids, other than combustion gases, product gases or non-combustive exothermic reaction product gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0872—Methods of cooling
    • C01B2203/0888—Methods of cooling by evaporation of a fluid
    • C01B2203/0894—Generation of steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1288—Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
    • C01B2203/84—Energy production
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

To improve the efficiency of energy conversion and electrical power generation, by the integrated use of internal combustion engines and fuel cells. Recovery of waste heat from internal combustion engines to aid in the purification and reformation thereafter of hydrogen, which is then used in fuel cells to produce energy. Recovery of other waste energy in the integrated fuel cell engine to produce chilled water for space cooling and steam or hot water for either process or heating application.

Description

π. DESCRIPTION
2.1 TITLE OF INVENTION: Integration of Fuel Cells, Hydrogen Reformer, Fuel Processor, Absorption Chiller, Heat Recovery Steam Generator and Internal Combustion Engines
2.2 DESCRIPTION
2.2.1 Introduction:
2.2.1.1 In the heat recovery phase, waste heat is used to heat up the fuel processor, where impurities are catalytically removed. Additional waste heat is used to heat up supplementary gases used in the reforming process, as well as the processes fuel which is then reformed into hydrogen, which is then used to generate power using fuel cells etc. An absorption chiller is used to recover remaining waste heat and convert same into chilled water, where as a heat recovery steam generator is used to generate steam or hot water from the final remaining waste heat.
2.2.1.2 The system as a whole is known as an Integrated Fuel Cell Engine. The internal combustion engine generated some of the power produced the system, as well as heat. Unlike the conventional practice of rejecting the heat produced by the internal combustion engine, in this invention, the heat is used to purify (fuel processing) and to reform hydrogen, which is then used in fuel cells etc. to produce more electrical energy. The total electrical energy for the same fuel is more than that achievable via conventional internal combustion engine technology, as well as fuel reformer plus fuel cell combination. Further, additional waste heat is recovered by conversion into steam (in the heat recovery steam generator) and into chilled water (chiller) for space cooling.
2.2.1.3 The heat recovered from any or all of the various sources described above may be used to heat up the fuel for catalytically or otherwise remove impurities present in the fuel, or heat up the fuel directly for reforming, or alternatively heat up agents involved in the reforming process, such as steam etc.
2.2.1.4 The invention may be used with any heat source, such as gas turbines, steam turbines, diesel engines, gasoline engines, gas (natural, bio or liquid petroleum gas) engines, solar or solar thermal etc. Any heat source derived from the combustion process or otherwise.

Claims

πi CLAIMS
3.1 Heat recovered from the internal combustion engine is used to preheat the fuel to the first stage, known as fuel processing where in the presence of catalyst, impurities in the fuel are removed. Thereafter, by recovering more waste heat from the internal combustion engines, the purified fuel is further heated before being reformed into hydrogen. The hydrogen is then used in the fuel cell to produce electrical energy. Remaining waste heat is converted into chilled water in a chiller and steam or hot water is generated in the heat recovery steam generator.
PCT/SG2008/000469 2007-12-07 2008-12-05 Integration of fuel cells, hydrogen reformer, fuel processor, absorption chiller, heat recovery steam generator and internal combustion engines WO2009072991A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SG2007185267 2007-12-07
SG200718526-7A SG152955A1 (en) 2007-12-07 2007-12-07 Integration of fuel cells, hydrogen reformer, fuel processor, absorption chiller, heat recovery steam generator and internal combustion engines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009072991A2 true WO2009072991A2 (en) 2009-06-11
WO2009072991A3 WO2009072991A3 (en) 2010-04-29

Family

ID=40718400

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SG2008/000469 WO2009072991A2 (en) 2007-12-07 2008-12-05 Integration of fuel cells, hydrogen reformer, fuel processor, absorption chiller, heat recovery steam generator and internal combustion engines

Country Status (2)

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SG (1) SG152955A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009072991A2 (en)

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4131086A (en) * 1974-07-20 1978-12-26 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel reforming apparatus for use with internal combustion engine
JP2003097356A (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-04-03 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Reformed gas engine, and hybrid car having the reformed gas engine
JP2003120440A (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-04-23 Yanmar Co Ltd Gas engine
JP2003293867A (en) * 2002-04-01 2003-10-15 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel reforming gas engine
US6655130B1 (en) * 2000-10-30 2003-12-02 Delphi Technologies, Inc. System and controls for near zero cold start tailpipe emissions in internal combustion engines
JP2004017701A (en) * 2002-06-12 2004-01-22 Babcock Hitachi Kk Hydrogen station and reformer
JP2004018343A (en) * 2002-06-19 2004-01-22 Hitachi Ltd Method for generating electric power and hydrogen together from hydrocarbon fuel, its plant and its exhaust heat recovery-type reformer
US6810658B2 (en) * 2002-03-08 2004-11-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag Exhaust-gas purification installation and exhaust-gas purification method for purifying an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine
EP1522697A2 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-04-13 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for rapid exhaust catalyst light off
FR2861220A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-04-22 Renault Sa Fuel cell assembly controlling system for vehicle, has two check valves diverting exhaust gas of engine from outlet of catalyst towards heat exchangers that respectively heat reformer and cell stack of fuel cell
DE102004025965A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-12-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Flue gas purification equipment for use in motor vehicle, has exhaust gas catalytic converters in flue gas pipeline of internal combustion engine, and two reactant preheated layers heating reactant on two temperature levels
JP2006183573A (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-13 Toyota Motor Corp Exhaust emission control system
JP2007035483A (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-08 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell unit
JP2007239690A (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-20 Toyota Motor Corp Internal combustion engine
FR2900196A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-10-26 Renault Sas Exhaust gas treating installation controlling method for e.g. oil engine of motor vehicle, involves controlling reformer with reformate setting rate based on space coefficient and calculated reformate rate

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3620239B2 (en) * 1997-09-18 2005-02-16 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Oxygen removing device in natural gas reformer and gas engine equipped with the device

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4131086A (en) * 1974-07-20 1978-12-26 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel reforming apparatus for use with internal combustion engine
US6655130B1 (en) * 2000-10-30 2003-12-02 Delphi Technologies, Inc. System and controls for near zero cold start tailpipe emissions in internal combustion engines
JP2003097356A (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-04-03 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Reformed gas engine, and hybrid car having the reformed gas engine
JP2003120440A (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-04-23 Yanmar Co Ltd Gas engine
US6810658B2 (en) * 2002-03-08 2004-11-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag Exhaust-gas purification installation and exhaust-gas purification method for purifying an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine
JP2003293867A (en) * 2002-04-01 2003-10-15 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel reforming gas engine
JP2004017701A (en) * 2002-06-12 2004-01-22 Babcock Hitachi Kk Hydrogen station and reformer
JP2004018343A (en) * 2002-06-19 2004-01-22 Hitachi Ltd Method for generating electric power and hydrogen together from hydrocarbon fuel, its plant and its exhaust heat recovery-type reformer
EP1522697A2 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-04-13 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for rapid exhaust catalyst light off
FR2861220A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-04-22 Renault Sa Fuel cell assembly controlling system for vehicle, has two check valves diverting exhaust gas of engine from outlet of catalyst towards heat exchangers that respectively heat reformer and cell stack of fuel cell
DE102004025965A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-12-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Flue gas purification equipment for use in motor vehicle, has exhaust gas catalytic converters in flue gas pipeline of internal combustion engine, and two reactant preheated layers heating reactant on two temperature levels
JP2006183573A (en) * 2004-12-27 2006-07-13 Toyota Motor Corp Exhaust emission control system
JP2007035483A (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-02-08 Honda Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell unit
JP2007239690A (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-20 Toyota Motor Corp Internal combustion engine
FR2900196A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-10-26 Renault Sas Exhaust gas treating installation controlling method for e.g. oil engine of motor vehicle, involves controlling reformer with reformate setting rate based on space coefficient and calculated reformate rate

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SG152955A1 (en) 2009-06-29
WO2009072991A3 (en) 2010-04-29

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