WO2009106025A2

WO2009106025A2 - Combustion accelerator for engines and burner

Info

Publication number: WO2009106025A2
Application number: PCT/DE2009/000040
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian Koch
Original assignee: Christian Koch
Priority date: 2008-01-16
Filing date: 2009-01-14
Publication date: 2009-09-03
Also published as: DE102008004499A1; CA2725397C; KR20100113077A; MX2010007862A; RU2010132083A; EP2080891A3; EP2080891A2; JP2011514463A; CN101918697A; WO2009106025A3; US20110027730A1; CA2725397A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the catalytic acceleration of combustion processes of fuels and heating oils, comprising structurally stable tin-containing elements in a flow vessel for the production of organic tin compounds in the form of a flow vessel having an alloy structure or pads in a fuel filter container or another container, which due to the composition and ignition thereof during the appearance of the light result in ignition or a flame having an extremely fast ignition distribution, therefore avoiding soot and lowering the nitrogen oxide concentrations.

Description

Patent application

Combustion accelerator for engines and burners

The patent application describes a flow reactor for producing combustion accelerator substances in the fuels of internal combustion engines. It is described as a method and as a device.

The object of the invention is to improve combustion in internal combustion engines with the aim of pollutant reduction of the exhaust gases and consumption reduction. The basic idea is that it is possible to significantly improve the characteristics of the engines if it becomes possible to make combustion more uniform and faster.

In the patent application PA 198 29 175.2 and in the patent application DE 19944 227 A1 Zündkeimvorrichtungen are described from the metal alloys tin, copper and silver. Disadvantage of these devices is the structure and the support of the materials, which does not guarantee a necessary long life and effectiveness. This is because the structures contain no solution activators such as platinum.

Likewise, the possibilities of adapting the reactor to the service intervals are not taken into account, which also makes the application considerably more difficult. Devices for protecting the structure are also deficient in the present patent applications and not to be used for technical purposes. Likewise, no solutions are shown, which allows installation in modern compact engines that fill the entire engine compartment.

It has been surprisingly found that the metal alloys as solution activators either platinum or the mixed crystal LanthanCerKobaltit must contain and the metal alloy must be incorporated in a dimensionally stable wickerwork in a reactor body, held by a spring-loaded filter basket on the output side and by the installation space to the respective power the system must be adapted. This is the only way to ensure that the effect of the device is maintained over a mileage of approximately 600,000 km.

Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that the same effect is achieved in a system of much smaller design and adapted to the service intervals of the engines and burners, when the ICR material on the output side of the fuel filter in the form of pads, which are modeled on the coffee machines are constructed, are introduced as sealing rings with a structure according to the invention. This also solves the problem if there is no room in the engine compartment for the installation of the device, since the pads are an integral part of the ever existing fuel filter and do not require additional space.

The effects of the device according to the invention causes the combustion does not run unevenly faster and thus too high combustion peaks and thus nitrogen oxides are generated, but that the combustion is completely distributed in the combustion chamber in an extremely fast-running process. This makes it possible to complete the combustion faster without the combustion peaks and thus to further increase the nitrogen oxides. This is due to the fact that the tin organics which form upon addition reaction of the fuel or fuel on the alloy surface are photosensitive. If inflammation occurs, they will cause inflammation at all points in the area, thus accelerating combustion evenly.

The aim of the development work, which led to success by a surprising finding or invention, is the minimization of the time until complete detection of the entire combustion mixture in the flame. This task results from the current combustion engine processes, in which the flame starts at a few or a point and the flame spread takes a relatively long time.

Due to this slow initiation of the combustion of the current engines and the then strong acceleration of the combustion process, the time for the combustion of the entire mixture is so far extended despite the end high combustion end speed that the flame strikes the piston only at an oblique position of the crankshaft. This is heard in the diesel engines by the knocking, as the piston is pressed at the impact of the flame on the piston by the pressure surge on the wall. This is not prevented by the speed-dependent pre-injection or pre-ignition.

It would be much better for the engines if the flame at the start would momentarily capture the entire combustion chamber and then burn at the same time. This would also avoid that the flame builds a flame front when they spread, which then impinges on the piston and thus emits a pressure pulse, which is heard in the diesel engine and is referred to as nailing the diesel engine.

Since in an internal combustion engine not infinitely many ignition points can be mechanically installed, the development involves the installation of infinitely many ignition points by chemical means. For this purpose, chemical additives of all imaginable organic compounds were tested for this property.

Surprisingly, few chemical fuel compounds have been found that are actually so sensitive to light that they shorten the propagation of the flame by light ignition to an almost arbitrarily short time. Thus, the ignition delay of the diesel engines would be so shortened that are available for the afterburning of the resulting coke particles more time and higher temperatures.

In the gasoline engines, these chemical fuel compounds could completely eliminate superfatting of the mixtures in the acceleration phase, since the superfatting only has the task of forming additional ignition nuclei, which avoid the "acceleration hole" during high acceleration.

Furthermore, it was investigated to what extent these substances are still catalytically stabilizing, pollutant suppressing and incinerating in terms of completely low-emission combustion even after the ignition distribution. Thus, only those substances were sought, which are both ignition distributing by the formation of ignition nuclei, as well as acting catalytically stabilizing in the combustion process.

Surprisingly, photosensitive organometallic compounds have been found which all have these properties. However, their production is expensive and would burden the combustion improvement by a high cost factor. This refers to the production of such organometallic compounds as a liquid and the metering of these substances to the fuels in the combustion process.

This dosage is necessary because the organometallic compounds can not be mixed into the fuel in the tank. In the case of these additives are converted by the pollution in the diesel or gasoline filter by ion exchange into ineffective compounds, so that this way was not successful.

For this reason, concentration studies were also conducted on the concentration at which these substances have their full development on the process and at which concentrations these effects are no longer sufficient. It was found that the effectiveness of these substances decreases only when the concentrations fall below a value of less than 10 micrograms / liter.

Surprisingly, this gave rise to the possibility, during the passage of the fuels through a structure of a metal alloy, of producing concentrations above this concentration.

Finally, manufacturing costs, life and operating costs were studied to make the effect positively proportionate to the cost. It has been found that the production costs and the effectiveness of the organometallic compounds, arranged directly in the supply line to the injection pump, are substantially lower than the costs of central production in chemical plants.

This is the inventive result lies in the fact that these substances are not produced in a chemical process of a plant, but that this reactor is designed as part of the internal combustion engine system. This lowers costs to a small fraction of the costs that would be incurred by centralized manufacturing. These reactors have been designed to maintain their consistent effect over 600,000 km of internal combustion engine operation.

The invention is called ICR to characterize the inventive content, the ignition nuclei, the ignition core, ie the primer reactor, igriition core reactor. The inventive method will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. Between the fuel filter 1 and the injection pump 2, an ICR reactor 5 is interposed via lines 3 and 4. The fuel from the fuel filter 1 thus passes via the line 3 into the ICR reactor 5, where it accumulates via the surface reaction with the metal alloy with organometallic compounds and passes via the line 4 into the injection pump 2.

In the ICR reactor 5, the metal alloy is arranged in the form of a wicker 6. The wickerwork has the same gap spacing between all fibers 7. The wickerwork is designed so that the structure does not lose its structure and collapse even after 80% material removal. The inventive device is shown in FIG. With 11 of the fuel filter is called. In between are the input line of the inventive device, called ICR, 13, the output line to the motor 14 of the housing of the ICR 15 and the alloy structure 16. The reference numeral 17 designates the removal of the elements of the alloy structure from each other.

The structure is dimensioned in the mass that it is maintained at a flow temperature of 40 - 5O ⁰ C with a total flow of 100,000 liters, the structure. This corresponds to a concentration of 1 mg Sn, ie 1000 μg Sn / liter, a weight loss or material consumption of 100 g / reactor. The life of the reactor is 100,000 liters and a flow through the reactor of 10 1/100 km 10,000 hours. At an average speed of 60 km, that's 600,000 km.

The further inventive development relates to the achievement of such a concentration of organotin in the fuel. Pure tin balls have a much too low surface area and lead to a surface compacting, so that the effect is much too small and increasingly smaller. Therefore, a solution had to be found which prevents both the compaction of beds and increases the reactivity of the reaction partner tin.

The substances, lead, cadmium and mercury specified for increasing the reactivity in the US patents are not permitted under the Pollutant Regulation. The reaction-promoting properties had to be redeveloped. This is inventively succeeded in that the reaction-promoting properties of new alloying elements, which are not harmful to the environment, were found.

Thus, it has been found that the smallest amounts of solution activators, which are catalytically active substances to which the platinum, palladium and the lanthanum cobaltite equivalent to it, react with the substances copper, silver and the tin in the alloy in the braided structure to the reaction rate, the organometallic compounds. Generate concentrations of 1 mg / liter of fuel.

This happens without additional heating in the pure flow. According to the invention, the composition ranges of the alloy are in the following ranges, tin 90-97%, copper 6-9%, silver 0.1-1%, platinum metals such as platinum and palladium 0.001-0.01% and lanthanum cobaltite 0.01-2 %.

According to the invention, the braiding structure is produced by introducing the alloy in the form of pads, as used in the coffee machines, on the discharge side of the gasoline or diesel filter. These pads are produced according to the invention in a similar manner, as is done in the Kaffeeautomatenpads, with the difference that the cover braids not made of cellulose, but of tinned wire cloth or plastic fabric and the intervening liner not coffee but of alloy chips, a long thin to a wire wrapped in a shaped body or porous supports of metal or ceramic structures immersed in the alloy according to the invention. These pads can be attached in the form of a sealing ring in the filter on the output side. It is possible to set the number of pads and their contents so that the amount of alloy introduced in the consumption of the filter change time is adjusted. Thus, the amount is reduced so that the amount of introduced alloy is largely used up in the filter change period.

FIG. 3 shows this embodiment as a method. With 21 of the fuel filter and 22 of the internal combustion engine is designated. At 23, the ped with his mutual tissue and the intermediate alloy structures is designated. Figure 4 shows the inventive device. Indicated at 31 is the fuel filter body and at 32 the combustion engine. 33 denotes the pad body, which is arranged as a sealing ring inside and outside and as a fabric with alloying elements therebetween, which are shaped in the form of a long wire, open-cell alloy foam, coated structures or structural elements, such as pins or rings.

Thus, the basic principle is taken into account that the ICR is adapted to the service interval of the engine and no special additional installations in the engine are required, which is difficult and time-consuming in the construction of the space conditions of individual engines

Surprisingly, it has now been found that the full effect of the reaction between this alloy content and the fuel flowing through is made possible by a special activation and filling process of the ICR reactor. This happens in the following stages in the production of the ICR reactor. The ingredients of the pads or chips produced from the alloy tin, copper, silver, platinum metals or its substitute LanthanCerKobaltit are rinsed, reduced and pickled in concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.

The active alloy then passes into an alcohol bath with propanol or butanol and then into a bath of gasoline or diesel. Thereafter, the active alloy is inserted into the reactor metal housing or processed as Päd. The reactor metal housing is welded by a special welding process while cooling the zone of the wickerwork and then filled with a mixture of gasoline or diesel.

From the alcohol bath to the turbidity substances are added, containing organically dissolved, alcoholic tin. Thereafter, the ICR is airtight sealed by a tight fitting with washer. In the case of the pads, the passivation is different. The pads are passivated by a gasoline or diesel soluble wax layer so that inactivation until ingestion is prevented. Thus, although the problem of combustion acceleration in new engines is solved, but not in running engines.

These have in the engine compartment, in particular on the exhaust fouling, which are burned off by the catalytic substances. However, this takes a relatively long time at the concentrations of 1 mg / liter of fuel, depending on the engine's pollution. It is therefore an object of the invention to abbreviate this cleaning process and to enable the engine after installation of the device as quickly as possible to achieve in the purified state, the possible combustion acceleration and thus combustion improvement.

The ICR reactors filled in this way are stored for at least 2 months before delivery, forming an initial liquid which intensively cleans the cylinder contents when the engines are started after the installation of the ICR reactor. For this purpose, the ICR reactors are accompanied by installation instructions, which stipulate that the outlet is first connected to the injection nozzle via a hose line, and then the inlet is first connected to the filter.

The necessity of installing the ICR reactor only after the fuel filter or at its exit is conditional to prevent the reaction of the tin organics with the zinc deposits of the filters to the inactive zinc organics. This is made possible by a special structure of the ICR reactor according to the invention.

In the reactor is located downstream of the reaction braid in the flow direction of a filter basket, which is designed with a specially designed for impact lying in the direction of flow spring for the shocks in the vehicle.

In the case of education as Päd this is designed so that the vehicle shocks are caught in the interior of the pad in their area and stability of the outer layers without that there is a destruction.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that the installation position of the ICR reactor tube changes the concentration of the ignition nuclei and thus the doping concentration of the fuel. The steeper the installation position, the higher the concentration and thus the effectiveness. Thus, the same ICR reactor can be used for different engine sizes.

The greater the motor power, the greater the slope of the installation position is selected. Accordingly, the service life of the metal mesh contained decreases accordingly, d. H. the ICR reactor then needs to be replaced sooner. A direct vertical mounting position must be avoided in order to prevent the impact on the metal mesh to act too strongly.

In a specific embodiment, the invention will be explained in more detail.

A round metal block consisting of 95% tin, 4.5% copper, 0.49% silver and 0.01% LanthanCerKobaltit is formed in a special lathe to pyramidal turnings. There are 10 pyramids with a diameter of 58 mm and a chip thickness of 10 mm, one pyramid each with 38 mm and 18 mm inside and rings with 58 mm and different inner diameter for the outer side produced.

The spin-pile pyramids are placed in a drum with 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 10 minutes, whereby the liquor is kept in motion by an agitator. Subsequently, the Spanpyramiden are inserted for one hour in a barrel of propanol. From this barrel, the respective shaped pieces in the form of pyramids and rings are introduced into a tube of 60 mm diameter. One end of the tube is welded and has a screen basket holder with a diameter of 59 mm and a tested metal spring with a diameter of 55 mm.

After introduction of the fittings, this tube is cooled welded. The pipe end with the spring is the output, the other end of the input. Both ends are provided with fuel fittings. After completion of these operations, the pipe is closed on the input side with a tight-fitting screw with washer, filled with a mixture of fuel and prepared tin-containing butanol 95% of the contents, and sealed with a tight-fitting screw with washer.

The product thus produced is provided with labels which characterize the product, the assembly and the function and packaged in a packaging with instructions, hoses screwing and bracket.

Another application example describes the structure and use of the ICR system in the form of pads. A fuel filter with the supply of fuel through the lid in a tube to the bottom of the filter has a filter layer over it.

At the upper end of the fuel filter, the ICR insert is clamped in the form of a pad as a sealing ring between the externally threaded filter head and the internally threaded filter body. The pedestrian has an internal bore for the feed tube of the fuel filter.

In the form can also clamp several pads in the filter, the filling thereby once upwards and once downwardly projects to the thicker layer of the pad in the middle opposite the filter ring outside is compensated. The size of the flow area of the pad ensures that the pressure loss of the pad does not significantly hinder the fuel flow. When using more than 2 pads, the seal must be made in the thickness of the pad, which requires an extended thread of the filter head of the fuel filter.

In a particular embodiment, the embodiment will be described as Päd. In a Golf Diesel with a diesel filter according to Figure 3 2 pads are inserted with a plastic braid. The pads have a diameter of 100 mm and an inner diameter of 14 mm, which is pushed over the supply tube with 14 mm. The outer surface is welded to a seal with a thickness of 5 mm and coated with sealant. The alloy insert between the plastic braids consists of a wire with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a length resulting in a total mass of 10 g. That is about 20 m. Designations for the figure 1

1. Fuel filter

2nd injection pump

3. Line to the ICR from the fuel filter

4. Line from the ICR to the single point pump

5. ICR reactor

6. Metal alloy braiding Gap spacing between the structure of the metal alloy

Designations for FIG. 2

11. Fuel filter body

12. injection pump of the internal combustion engine or burner

13. Line from the filter to the ICR reactor body

14. Line from the ICR reactor body to the injection pump of the engine or burner

15. Reactor body with internal metal alloy braid

16. Metal alloy mesh

Gap distance between the metal alloy mesh

Designations for FIG. 3

21. Filter for holding the pad

22. Motor or burner

23. Päd on the filter body or other housing one or more layers than

Gasket for service change (30,000 to 50,000 km)

Designations for FIG. 4

31. Filter body with screw thread for receiving the pad between the

Filter body and head as a seal

32. Motor or burner

33. Pad body with intervening ICR substance from the inventive

alloy

Claims

Claims 1

A method of combustion acceleration of internal combustion engines, turbines and burners by chemical reaction with the fuel or fuel in an alloy structure, characterized in that the tin-containing alloy is transformed into dimensionally stable structures, activated in reducing solutions and filled in a flow tank with fuel or fuel oil.

Claim 2

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tin-containing alloy contains the metals tin, copper, silver and the activators platinum metals or LanthanCerKobaltit.

Claim 3

A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ICR material is introduced in the form of a pad in the fuel filter head as a sealing ring in one or more layers and is changed periodically.

Claim V

Apparatus for carrying out the method, characterized in that the receptacle for the metal alloy has a filter basket with behind it bumper spring.