WO2009123430A1 - Synthesis of a prepolymer of saponified polyamide resin in emulsion, designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque - Google Patents

Synthesis of a prepolymer of saponified polyamide resin in emulsion, designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009123430A1
WO2009123430A1 PCT/MX2008/000047 MX2008000047W WO2009123430A1 WO 2009123430 A1 WO2009123430 A1 WO 2009123430A1 MX 2008000047 W MX2008000047 W MX 2008000047W WO 2009123430 A1 WO2009123430 A1 WO 2009123430A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transformation
resin
additive
emulsion
thermoplastics
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MX2008/000047
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ma. Leticia Mendoza Ramirez
Juan Manuel Rodriguez Palencia
Garcia Jaime Mena
Juan Manuel MENA GARCÍA
Juan Fernando Uribe Valle
Original Assignee
Mendoza Ramirez Ma Leticia
Juan Manuel Rodriguez Palencia
Garcia Jaime Mena
Mena Garcia Juan Manuel
Juan Fernando Uribe Valle
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Application filed by Mendoza Ramirez Ma Leticia, Juan Manuel Rodriguez Palencia, Garcia Jaime Mena, Mena Garcia Juan Manuel, Juan Fernando Uribe Valle filed Critical Mendoza Ramirez Ma Leticia
Priority to PCT/MX2008/000047 priority Critical patent/WO2009123430A1/en
Publication of WO2009123430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009123430A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
    • C08G69/10—Alpha-amino-carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/04—Preparatory processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2377/04—Polyamides derived from alpha-amino carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L77/04—Polyamides derived from alpha-amino carboxylic acids

Definitions

  • the invention consists of a saponified and lubricated IQ polyamide prepolymer resin that serves as an additive with compatibility for thermoplastics, elastomers and thermofixes in transformation processes with torque and without it fulfilling 5 main functions:
  • While the present invention discloses a resin whose main base in the main structure of the molecular structure is based on glycine and alanite as an active part of the component based on the active points of both the amino acid part and the amine part that
  • the resin disclosed in the present invention is therefore based on generating by the structure itself of the resin developed towards a distribution of stresses with the other components of the same, which results in a better distribution of the parts manufactured with said additive.
  • While the present invention discloses a resin protected by a system of surfactants of the lyophilic grade that allows a constant stability and activity of the same due to the electromagnetic action around the particle Io which allows to have greater interaction with the components of the formulation applied in Each transformation of plastics.
  • the low molecular weight and its surfactant system allows generating stress centers in the transformation of the plastic and elastomers, helping not only in the process but also in the final efforts that the pitzas require in their transformation. 3.-
  • the cited patents disclose a resin that generates hot spot systems for the transformation of the plastic, each of the cited patents focuses on specific plastics, where they have application, which limits their action in the market and are considered of poor performance in the conditions of the process where they are applied.
  • the present invention allows the inclusion in the structure of lubricating agents that are also stabilized by the lyophilic agents and which has the function of regulating the molecular weights and at the same time within the structure regulating the sequence distribution of the active monomers of the glycine and the alanite avoiding the degradation of the resin and regulating the sequence distribution towards the reaction processes themselves, which allows the process conditions to be reduced during their application in the formulations that are being applied towards the transformation of the plastic and improving the fluidity of the polymer and its distribution of the stresses presented in the final pieces that are desired to be obtained.
  • the disclosed synthetic resins Due to its low molecular weight, it has application in different types of thermoplastics and elastomers, observing the same characteristics of temperature abatement and improvement in the fluidity of plastics during its transformation by matching or improving the final properties of the product and increasing the productivity of the process.
  • the disclosed synthetic resins have the disadvantage of the ranges of temperature abatement, interaction in several of the plastics and, consequently, no improvements are observed in the final properties of the manufactured product, likewise, they are limited in their versatility in the uses of different plastics, since their behavior in some can be beautiful, but in others it tends to generate problems instead of benefits.
  • the control of the viscoelastic properties during the transformation of the plastic with the abatement of temperatures helps the thixotropy of the material and therefore the final properties of the products either with or without torque, which generates more interaction with the components of the formulations and therefore tends to make each additive in the formulation act according to the needs for which they were applied and consequently the reduction of costs by reducing them, generating in itself predicting the final properties of the desired product based on Viscbellastic properties depending on the rheology and thixotropy that is generated in the system.
  • the resins of the aforementioned patents only help to have fluidity and avoid their degradation, this generates that the temperatures, speeds and abrasiveness of the machines are not controlled and therefore, tend to decrease the average life of the machines increasing the risk of corrective maintenance.
  • the additive allows to have a longer half-life of the transformation equipment and to play with the process conditions according to the cost / productivity / benefit needs of the products obtained.
  • the additive allows generating preventive maintenance programs by reducing downtime due to corrective maintenance, which generates efficiency in maintenance costs and increased productivity.
  • the average molecular weight is of the order of 240,000 to 400,0000 in weight , while in the present invention the low molecular weight of the order of 60,000 to 80,000 by weight.
  • the application in each one is limited and especially specific such as ACRYLIC, PVC. .
  • thermoplastics such as PS, ABS, PVC, ACRYLIC, TR'S, PEHD, PEIVID, PELD, PELLD, PP EVA, EPDM, among others and in the field of elastomers, NEOPRENE, ISOBUTADIEN,
  • CLORPRENOS CLORPRENOS, NITROPRENOS, among others, in the case of thermofixes
  • thermofixes They have found applications such as POLYAMIDS, POLYURETHANS, POLYACETALS, POLIALDHEIDICS, SILICONES, among others. 4.- In the cited patents they only attack the problem of polymer fluidity and limited mainly to processes with torque, where they do not present evidence in the improvement of the final properties of the product, they only focus on the fluidity of the material and consequently the use of other additives complicating the formulations. They have few cost / benefit advantages where they apply.
  • Emusifying agents only have application in the synthesis of the resin obtained and in some cases they do not exist since they are developed by saponification, this limits their thermodynamic interaction and therefore the versatility thereof; while in the present invention the dejection of the process conditions such as temperature, production speeds as factors of the viselastic properties during the process generating an improvement in rheology, thixotropy and the final properties of the product for processes with or without torque Cost / benefit for productivity and quality in the products where the additive is applied.
  • lipids with emulsifying agents not only control the intrinsic properties of the resin, but also play an important role during the application since they help improve the micellar systems in the viscoelastic properties of the polymer and its components, which intensify its action and they play an important role in the final properties of the product that you want to obtain.
  • the process conditions for the synthesis of polyamide resins maintain dispersions of the order of 3.5 to 5 by weight and are polycondensation reactions; while in the present invention the resin is developed in emulsion Io which implies that the active points thereof can be rearranged and stabilized according to the particle size and molecular weight distribution with diversities of 1.7-2.4 and 2.9-3.1 respectively.
  • the emulsion polymerization process was chosen using as the main raw material amino acids derived from lipids whose main component is glycine, which ensures the biodegradability of the resin and at the same time stabilized with lyophilic agents to stabilize and control the weight molecular and the reactivity of the resin.
  • lubricants were used within the polymerization which, due to its installation characteristic, allows the integration of lubrication necessary for its application during the process of the transformation of plastics into the morphology of the resin, this helps us to generate a better fluidity and morphology in the viscoelasticity of the resin and at the same time, maintain the memory of the physical modules that give the final properties of the products obtained.
  • Figure 1 shows the flow chart on the process of obtaining the resin.
  • Figure 2 shows a table on the vulcanization of elastomers and rubber.
  • Figure 3 shows a table on the phenomena observed in the application in a typical elastomer formula.
  • Figure 4 shows a graph on the percentage, vulcanizing, accelerator and additive vs hardness ratio (50); where improvements in the property of the hardness of the vulcanized pieces are observed.
  • Figure 5 shows a graph on the percentage, vulcanizing, accelerator and additive vs hardness ratio (60); where improvements in the property of the hardness of the vulcanized pieces are observed.
  • Figure 6 shows a graph on the percentage, vulcanizing, accelerator and additive vs hardness ratio (70); where it is observed improvements in the property of the hardness of the vulcanized pieces.
  • Figure 7 shows a graph on the thermodynamic behavior of mixing hardness elastomers (60); where it can be observed in terms of heat generation, hotter using the additive so it is necessary to reduce the temperatures and times of vulcanization.
  • Figure 8 shows a graph on the thermodynamic behavior of mixing hardness elastomers (50); where it can be observed in terms of heat generation, hotter using the additive so it is necessary to reduce the temperatures and times of vulcanization.
  • Figure 9 shows a graph on the thermodynamic behavior of mixing hardness elastomers (70); where it can be observed in terms of heat generation, hotter using the additive so it is necessary to reduce the temperatures and times of vulcanization.
  • Figure 10 shows a table on the injection processes with the additive, which shows the time and the percentage of savings.
  • Figure 11 shows a table on the benefits of the use of the additive, where the parameters, conditions and reduction percentages are observed.
  • Figure 12 shows a table on the extraction processes with the additive, where the process times and the savings percentages are observed.
  • Figure 13 shows a table on rotational molding processes with the additive, where the process times and the savings percentages are observed.
  • Figure 14 shows a graph about the mixing behavior curve in a turbomix vs. time equipment.
  • Figure 15 shows a graph on the mixing behavior curve in a turbomix vs stages equipment.
  • the invention deals with a resin that replaces conventional synthetics and one of the main advantages is being biodegradable, in addition to having greater versatility in its operation, complying with the following characteristics during its application:
  • the structure of the resin is developed on the basis of amino acids derived from natural lipids whose main structure is developed in GLICINE whose main molecular structure is:
  • the resin meets the characteristics according to the process conditions to which the user manufacturer works its thermoplastics.
  • the resin is classified as an additive and is of low molecular weight that helps to reduce the temperature and pressure process conditions by increasing the quality of the pieces obtained with energy savings and increasing the productivity in the transformation of the plastic.
  • the resin is biodegradable, however in low proportions it helps to maintain the stability of the product and reduce its degradation time as an aid to the process of avoiding the contamination of the environment.
  • As a process aid it allows to reduce the process conditions in temperature and pressure and therefore obtain greater productivity with a reduction in costs. It serves as an agent to maintain the uniformity of fillers and pigments helping to give a better distribution of them over the final properties of the product.
  • crosslinking agent As a crosslinking agent to make plastic as an additive for engineering materials due to the design of the resin during its manufacture and depending on the interaction factors, it promotes the key points of crosslinking of the engineering parts according to their uses.
  • a soapy solution is made from the lyophilic agents at a temperature of d3 35-45 0 C avoiding the Kraft phenomenon and having the CMC (micellar critical concentration) of the overall compound of the order of
  • the pH range of the solution is of the order of 6 - 9
  • the conductivity of the order 220 - 450 Ds (microsiemens) which has allowed us to reorient the morphology of the polymer as an additive for the plastics industry at the time of the reaction.
  • a continuous filtering system was used with 40 * 40 beds in stainless steel and nylon mesh - cotton mash 60 - 80 and a pressure of 0 - 7
  • a spray drying system of the adiabatic type with vacuum pressures of the order of 300-500 BAR was used, obtaining particles of the order of 30-70 mash.
  • Continuous motion ball mill was used to decrease the particle size, the system has cooling and is adiabatic design, the pellets were made of glass of the backelite type that allows us to minimize contamination in the product.
  • the material is wrapped in 500 kg items on wooden or plastic pallets and wrapped in polypropylene biorientado plastic and controlling the temperatures of the warehouse between 20 - 30 0 C and a relative humidity of 15 - 25%.
  • the invention consists of a mixed process of emulsion manufacturing of the resin in which lyophilic agents and natural lubricants are used which converts it into a resin
  • the proportion of synthesis of the resin ranges from 40% wt of amino acid-derived monomers, and the pH is controlled in relation to the percentage of CaCO 3 at 600-900 ppm , and the oorcentajes of lyophilic agents according to their CMC IQ is of the order of 2 - 5% wt, the lubricating agents are of the fatty acid type and natural oils as lipids of the order of 6 - 8% wt, the initiators are of the type donor of persulfate and hydrogen peroxide radicals mainly in a proportion of 0.2 - 1.8% wt according to the desired molecular weight of the product and the characteristics of use in the transformation of plastics. 5
  • Said invention is developed as an additive for the transformation of plastics and its functions within the process are the following:
  • Diffusion of mass being a resin that contains material that is polymerized in mass
  • the stabilization phenomena of the particles in colloidal state are a function of the reaction rate constants in the micellar formation and consequently the stabilization of the particles formed without the lubricants entering into reaction with the monomer used and where the polymerization control is given in function of its pH that ranges from 6 - 8 according to molecular weight and the degree of interaction with the polymers where it is applied.
  • Diffusion of energy for the control of the reaction rates where the thermodynamic conditions are fundamental for the control of the morphology of the resin that is intended to be obtained and where a fundamental part of it is presented in the following table:
  • Another part of the invention is the process of drying the resin obtained in the synthesis and where it should not lose the proper conditions for the process itself and we have used and designed the spray equipment which prevents the degradation of the resin and maintains its properties to be used as an additive agent for the transformation of the plastic, the conditions or parameters used for the process were the temperature, pressure and vacuum spray rate to maintain the size and the distribution of particle size suitable for use for the process of transformation of plastics according to their uses and that are presented below the appropriate parameters reason for said invention:
  • the shore-type durameter D is a measurement system from a needle that goes of a specified diameter when applied to a certain pressure on the surface of the piece to be measured, generates a back pressure that reads a spring system with a meter needle based on HOOKE law
  • Liquid lubricants and 0.5-0.6 are added (30-36sec.) 60-66 solids
  • the antioxidants 0.1 - 0 15 (6 -9 sec.) 66-68 ozonizers and anti UV are added
  • the low cost of the process based on the cost / benefit represents the resin in its application to processes f ormation of trans plastics and elastomers, using the invention.

Abstract

The invention relates to the development of an emulsion resin comprising peptides of natural amino acids, such as, inter alia, glycine, alanine, serine and cysteine, which form the main structure of the resin and which are stabilised by natural lyophilic agents, such as casein, lecithin and fatty acids (stearic, oleic, linoleic, etc.), which can be used to stabilise the particles formed in emulsion, and with the additional help of lubrication agents which contribute to limiting the polymer chain and to the morphology of same. The emulsion obtained using a multi-step process is subjected to spray drying and subsequent screening in order to obtain a suitable particle size for use as an additive in the industry involved in the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers, both in processes that involve mechanical force (with torque) and in processes that do not involve any mechanical force (without torque). The resulting resins are biodegradable.

Description

SÍNTESIS DE UN PREPOLIMERO DE RESINA POLIAMIDICA SAPONIFICADA EN EMULSIÓN DISEÑADO COMO ADITIVO PARA LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DE TERMOPLASTICOS Y ELASTOMEROS SYNTHESIS OF A SAPONIFIED POLYAMIDIC RESIN PREPOLIMERO IN EMULSION DESIGNED AS AN ADDITIVE FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF THERMOPLASTICS AND ELASTOMEROS
55
EN PROCESOS CON O SIN TORQUE.IN PROCESSES WITH OR WITHOUT TORQUE.
CAMPO TÉCNICOTECHNICAL FIELD
La invención consiste en una resina de prepolimero de poliamida IQ saponificada y lubricada que funge como aditivo con compatibilidad para termoplásticos, elastómeros y termofijos en procesos de transformación con torque y sin él que cumple 5 funciones principales:The invention consists of a saponified and lubricated IQ polyamide prepolymer resin that serves as an additive with compatibility for thermoplastics, elastomers and thermofixes in transformation processes with torque and without it fulfilling 5 main functions:
• Agente de ayuda de proceso para aumentar el índice de fluidez• Process aid agent to increase the flow rate
• Agente de acoplamiento• Coupling Agent
1 - • Lubricante interno - externo 1 - • Internal - external lubricant
• Agente moderador de expansibidad• Expansion moderating agent
• Agente de reticulación.• Crosslinking agent.
ANTECEDENTESBACKGROUND
20 Actualmente en el mercado existen una gran variedad de resinas sintéticas cuya configuración en sus estructuras químicas son del tipo polimérico, sintético, acrílico, estiren-acrílico, vinil - acrílicos, fluoroetilénicos, entre otros; el cual cada uno cumple funciones principalmente como ayudas de proceso que aumentan Ia fluidez de Ia transformación del plástico; sin embargo, son limitados en ayudar en ?5 otras propiedades de los polímeros en donde intervienen para mejorar Ia calidad del producto. 20 There are currently a wide variety of synthetic resins in the market whose configuration in their chemical structures are of the polymeric, synthetic, acrylic, styrene-acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, fluoroethylene types, among others; which each one performs functions mainly as process aids that increase the fluidity of the plastic transformation; However, they are limited in helping in? 5 other properties of the polymers where they intervene to improve the quality of the product.
El utilizar los aditivos que actualmente se encuentran en el mercado, es requerido utilizar otros aditivos que compensen las propiedades finales del producto, así como, el de las condiciones de Ia máquina en su 30 condiciones termodinámicas que influyen sobre las propiedades viscoelásticas del polímero que se esté procesando, por ende su campo es muy limitado y con el tiempo costoso , ya que en Ia medida de que el empresario se empeñe en utilizar plásticos reciclados, éstos a su vez se verán limitados con consecuencias económicas para el fabricante. 5 Las patentes a continuación citadas: KR930004289B; KR20020058165;To use the additives that are currently on the market, it is required to use other additives that compensate for the final properties of the product, as well as the conditions of the machine in its thermodynamic conditions that influence the viscoelastic properties of the polymer that is is processing, therefore its field It is very limited and expensive, since as long as the entrepreneur insists on using recycled plastics, these in turn will be limited with economic consequences for the manufacturer. 5 The patents listed below: KR930004289B; KR20020058165;
US6576695B1 ; US6743849B2; JP54031457; JP324462 y JP3143955. Los documentos antes citados se refieren a patentes que divulgan principalmente resinas sintéticas, y a continuación se enumeran las características que las hacen diferentes a Ia presente invención: 1.- Las patente* anteriormente citadas divulgan resinas con una estructura a base de amídica sintética que disminuye su actividad debido a Ia cercanía de los centros activos, Io que las hace retardar su acción activa Io que disminuye su acción como agente de ayuda de proceso orientado al polímero en transformación en una parte de orientación sin que obtengan beneficios sustentables hacia las propiedades finales deUS6576695B1; US6743849B2; JP54031457; JP324462 and JP3143955. The aforementioned documents refer to patents that mainly disclose synthetic resins, and the characteristics that make them different from the present invention are listed below: 1.- The aforementioned patents * disclose resins with a synthetic amide based structure that decreases their activity due to the proximity of the active centers, which makes them delay their active action, which decreases their action as a process aid agent oriented to the polymer in transformation in an orientation part without obtaining sustainable benefits towards the final properties of
15 los productos que se elaboran.15 products that are made.
Mientras que Ia presente invención divulga una resina cuya base principal en Ia estructura principal de Ia estructura molecular está basada en Ia glicina y Ia alanita como parte activa del componente en base a los puntos activos tanto de Ia parte amino acida como de Ia parte amina queWhile the present invention discloses a resin whose main base in the main structure of the molecular structure is based on glycine and alanite as an active part of the component based on the active points of both the amino acid part and the amine part that
20 permite reacciorar con los componentes que intervienen en Ia formulación de plásticos con o sin torque.20 allows to react with the components involved in the formulation of plastics with or without torque.
La resina divulgada en Ia presente invención por Io tanto va en función de generar por Ia estructura misma de Ia resina desarrollada hacia una distribución de esfuerzos con los demás componentes de Ia misma Io que origina que haya mejor distribución de las piezas fabricadas con dicho aditivo.The resin disclosed in the present invention is therefore based on generating by the structure itself of the resin developed towards a distribution of stresses with the other components of the same, which results in a better distribution of the parts manufactured with said additive.
2.- Las resinas divulgadas en las patentes citadas tienen una estructura de alto peso molecular con pobre movimiento durante su incorporación en las formulaciones, Io que origina que las piezas no obtengan beneficios de los componentes de sus formulaciones y por ende generan2.- The resins disclosed in the cited patents have a high molecular weight structure with poor movement during their incorporation into the formulations, which results in the pieces not obtaining benefits from the components of their formulations and thus generating
-* una orientación solamente de fluidez durante el proceso pero no intervienen significativamente en las propiedades finales del producto desarrollado.- * an orientation of fluidity only during the process but not they intervene significantly in the final properties of the product developed.
Mientras que Ia presente invención divulga una resina protegida por un sistema de tensoactivos del grado liofílico que permite una estabilidad y actividad constante de las mismas debido a Ia acción electromagnética alrededor de Ia partícula Io que permite tener mayor interacción con los componentes dé Ia formulación aplicada en cada transformación de plásticos.While the present invention discloses a resin protected by a system of surfactants of the lyophilic grade that allows a constant stability and activity of the same due to the electromagnetic action around the particle Io which allows to have greater interaction with the components of the formulation applied in Each transformation of plastics.
El peso molecular bajo y su sistema de tensoactivos permite generar centros de esfuerzos en Ia transformación del plástico y de los elastómeros ayudando no solamente en el proceso sino en los esfuerzos finales que las pitzas requieren en su transformación. 3.- Las patentes citadas divulgan una resina que genera sistemas de focos calientes para Ia transformación del plástico, cada una de las patentes citadas se enfoca en función de plásticos específicos , en donde tienen aplicación, Io que limita su acción en el mercado y son considerados de poco rendimiento en las condiciones del proceso donde se apliquen. En Ia presente invención durante Ia síntesis permite en Ia inclusión en Ia estructura de agentes lubricantes que son también estabilizados por los agentes liofílicos y que tiene su función de regular los pesos moleculares y al mismo tiempo dentro de Ia estructura regular Ia distribución de secuencia de los monómeros activos de Ia glicina y Ia alanita evitando Ia degradación de Ia resina y regulando Ia distribución de secuencia hacia los procesos mismos de reacción, Io que permite el abatimiento de las condiciones de proceso durante su aplicación en las formulaciones que se están aplicando hacia Ia transformación del plástico y mejorando Ia fluidez del polímero y su distribución de los esfuerzos que se presentan en las piezas finales que se desean obtener.The low molecular weight and its surfactant system allows generating stress centers in the transformation of the plastic and elastomers, helping not only in the process but also in the final efforts that the pitzas require in their transformation. 3.- The cited patents disclose a resin that generates hot spot systems for the transformation of the plastic, each of the cited patents focuses on specific plastics, where they have application, which limits their action in the market and are considered of poor performance in the conditions of the process where they are applied. In the present invention, during the synthesis, it allows the inclusion in the structure of lubricating agents that are also stabilized by the lyophilic agents and which has the function of regulating the molecular weights and at the same time within the structure regulating the sequence distribution of the active monomers of the glycine and the alanite avoiding the degradation of the resin and regulating the sequence distribution towards the reaction processes themselves, which allows the process conditions to be reduced during their application in the formulations that are being applied towards the transformation of the plastic and improving the fluidity of the polymer and its distribution of the stresses presented in the final pieces that are desired to be obtained.
Debido a su bajo peso molecular tiene aplicación en diferentes tipos de termoplásticos y elastómeros observando las mismas características de abatimiento de temperaturas y mejora en Ia fluidez de los plásticos durante su transformación igualando o mejorando las propiedades finales del producto y aumentando Ia productividad del proceso. En las patentes citadas las resinas sintéticas divulgadas presentan el inconveniente de los rangos de abatimiento de temperaturas, interacción en varios de los plásticos y por consiguiente no se observan mejoras en las propiedades finales del producto elaborado, así mismo, son limitadas en su versatilidad en los usos de diferentes plásticos, ya que su comportamiento en unos puede ser magnifico, pero en otros tiende a generar problemas en lugar de beneficios.Due to its low molecular weight, it has application in different types of thermoplastics and elastomers, observing the same characteristics of temperature abatement and improvement in the fluidity of plastics during its transformation by matching or improving the final properties of the product and increasing the productivity of the process. In the aforementioned patents, the disclosed synthetic resins have the disadvantage of the ranges of temperature abatement, interaction in several of the plastics and, consequently, no improvements are observed in the final properties of the manufactured product, likewise, they are limited in their versatility in the uses of different plastics, since their behavior in some can be magnificent, but in others it tends to generate problems instead of benefits.
4.- En las patentes que se citan como antecedentes Ia limitación del abatimiento de las temperaturas y el no control de los factores de expansibidad genera Ia distribución de las propiedades viscoelásticas durante su proceso no se distribuyan, ya que pierde por temperaturas y expánsividad su tixotropía en cada una de las patentes, estando supeditado agregar otros aditivos para controlarlos.4.- In the patents that are cited as antecedents the limitation of the abatement of temperatures and the non-control of the expansion factors generates the distribution of the viscoelastic properties during its process are not distributed, since it loses its thixotropy due to temperatures and expansion in each of the patents, being subject to add other additives to control them.
Mientras que en Ia presente invención el abatimiento de las condiciones de temperatura de proceso durante su aplicación genera mayor cantidad de calor Io que Ia resina Ia absorbe para generar mayor distribución sin degradación de los polímeros en proceso y por consiguiente tienden a mejorar Ia fluidez y controlar los fenómenos de expansibidad debido al calor recibido sin obtener degradación del polímero y por consiguiente tener una buena fluidez con aumento de productividad a bajas temperaturas.While in the present invention the depletion of the process temperature conditions during its application generates a greater amount of heat than the resin Ia absorbs to generate greater distribution without degradation of the polymers in process and therefore tend to improve fluidity and control the phenomena of expansibity due to the heat received without obtaining degradation of the polymer and therefore having a good fluidity with increased productivity at low temperatures.
El control de las propiedades viscoelásticas durante Ia transformación del plástico con el abatimiento de las temperaturas ayuda a Ia tixotropía de Ia materia y por ende las propiedades finales de los productos ya sea con torque o sin él, Io que genera que haya mayor interacción con los componentes de las formulaciones y por consiguiente tienda a que cada aditivo que se tenga en Ia formulación actúe de acuerdo a las necesidades por las que se aplicaron y por consiguiente el abatimiento de costos por reducción de los mismos, generando en si predecir las propiedades finales del producto que se desea en función de las propiedades viscbelásticas en función de Ia reología y tixotropía que se genera en el sistema.The control of the viscoelastic properties during the transformation of the plastic with the abatement of temperatures helps the thixotropy of the material and therefore the final properties of the products either with or without torque, which generates more interaction with the components of the formulations and therefore tends to make each additive in the formulation act according to the needs for which they were applied and consequently the reduction of costs by reducing them, generating in itself predicting the final properties of the desired product based on Viscbellastic properties depending on the rheology and thixotropy that is generated in the system.
5.- Las resinas de las patentes citadas solamente ayudan a que haya fluidez y evitar Ia degradación de los mismos, esto genera que no se controle las temperaturas, velocidades y abrasividad de las máquinas y por consiguiente, tiendan a disminuir Ia vida media de las máquinas aumentando el riesgo de mantenimientos correctivos. En Ia presente invención el aditivo permite tener mayor tiempo de vida media de los equipos de transformación y jugar con las condiciones de proceso de acuerdo a las necesidades de costo/productividad/beneficio de los productos obtenidos.5.- The resins of the aforementioned patents only help to have fluidity and avoid their degradation, this generates that the temperatures, speeds and abrasiveness of the machines are not controlled and therefore, tend to decrease the average life of the machines increasing the risk of corrective maintenance. In the present invention, the additive allows to have a longer half-life of the transformation equipment and to play with the process conditions according to the cost / productivity / benefit needs of the products obtained.
El aditivo permite generar programas de mantenimiento preventivo disminuyendo los tiempos muertos por mantenimiento correctivo, Io que genera una eficiencia en costos por mantenimiento y aumento de Ia productividad.The additive allows generating preventive maintenance programs by reducing downtime due to corrective maintenance, which generates efficiency in maintenance costs and increased productivity.
Dentro de Ia presente invención se considera como parte de Ia resolución de un problema técnico las siguientes características en comparación a las patentes señaladas como antecedentes: 1.- En las patentes citadas el peso molecular promedio es del orden de 240,000 a 400,0000 en peso, mientras que en Ia presente invención el peso molecular bajo del orden de 60,000 a 80,000 en peso. 2.- El polímero que va con acrílicos en su estructura Io que genera Ia no biodegradabilidad de Ia misma, mientras que en Ia presente invención Ia resina es biodegradable cuya base fundamental es Ia alanita y Ia glicina. 3.- En las patentes citadas Ia aplicación en cada una es limitada y sobre todo específicas tales como ACRILICAS, PVC. PS. SILICONES, principalmente no hay evidencia de otros plásticos en donde se aplique; mientras que en ia presente invención los factores de interacción con diferentes tipos de termoplásticos tales como PS, ABS, PVC, ACRILICOS, TR'S, PEHD, PEIVID, PELD, PELLD, PP EVA, EPDM, entre otros y en el campo de los elastómeros , NEOPRENOS, ISOBUTADIENOS,Within the present invention, the following characteristics are considered as part of the resolution of a technical problem in comparison to the patents indicated as background: 1.- In the cited patents the average molecular weight is of the order of 240,000 to 400,0000 in weight , while in the present invention the low molecular weight of the order of 60,000 to 80,000 by weight. 2.- The polymer that goes with acrylics in its structure that generates the non-biodegradability of the same, while in the present invention the resin is biodegradable whose fundamental base is alanite and glycine. 3.- In the cited patents the application in each one is limited and especially specific such as ACRYLIC, PVC. . SILICONES, mainly there is no evidence of other plastics where it is applied; while in the present invention the interaction factors with different types of thermoplastics such as PS, ABS, PVC, ACRYLIC, TR'S, PEHD, PEIVID, PELD, PELLD, PP EVA, EPDM, among others and in the field of elastomers, NEOPRENE, ISOBUTADIEN,
CLORPRENOS, NITROPRENOS, entre otros, en el caso de termofijos se han encontrado aplicaciones tales como POLIAMIDAS, POLIURETANOS, POLIACETALES, POLIALDHEIDICAS, SILICONES, entre otros. 4.- En las patentes citadas solamente atacan el problema de Ia fluidez del polímero y limitado principalmente a procesos con torque, en .donde no presentan evidencia en Ia mejora de las propiedades finales del producto, solamente se enfocan hacia Ia fluidez del material y por consiguiente el uso de otros aditivos complicando las formulaciones. Presentan pocas ventajas de costo/beneficio en donde se aplican. Los agentes emUsificantes solo tienen aplicación en Ia síntesis de Ia resina obtenida y en algunos casos no existen ya que están desarrolladas por saponificación, esto limita su interacción termodinámica y por consiguiente Ia versatilidad de las mismas; mientras que en Ia presente invención el abatimiento de las condiciones de proceso tales como Ia temperatura, velocidades de producción como factores de las propiedades viselásticas durante el proceso generando una mejora en Ia reología, tixotropía y las propiedades finales del producto para los procesos con o sin torque. Costo/beneficio por productividad y calidad en los productos donde se aplica el aditivo. El uso de lípidos con agentes de emulsificación no solo controlan las propiedades intrínsecas de Ia resina, sino que juegan un papel importante durante Ia aplicación ya que ayudan a mejorar los sistemas micelares en las propiedades viscoelásticas del polímero y sus componentes Io que intensifican su acción y juegan un papel importante en las propiedades finales del producto que se desea obtener. 5.-En las patentes citadas no se observan mejoras existentes en Ia vida media de las máquinas, solo divulgan Ia fluidez del material más no los beneficios hacia Ia aplicación de los mismos; mientras que en Ia presente invención Ia aflicción dentro de Ia resina en síntesis de agentes lubricantes permite aumentar Ia versatilidad de Ia resina que se traduce en Ia aplicación como un lubricante interno-externo que permite mayor durabilidad y Ia vida media de productividad de las máquinas ya que hay menor esfuerzo y por consiguiente disminución de mantenimientos correctivos.CLORPRENOS, NITROPRENOS, among others, in the case of thermofixes They have found applications such as POLYAMIDS, POLYURETHANS, POLYACETALS, POLIALDHEIDICS, SILICONES, among others. 4.- In the cited patents they only attack the problem of polymer fluidity and limited mainly to processes with torque, where they do not present evidence in the improvement of the final properties of the product, they only focus on the fluidity of the material and consequently the use of other additives complicating the formulations. They have few cost / benefit advantages where they apply. Emusifying agents only have application in the synthesis of the resin obtained and in some cases they do not exist since they are developed by saponification, this limits their thermodynamic interaction and therefore the versatility thereof; while in the present invention the dejection of the process conditions such as temperature, production speeds as factors of the viselastic properties during the process generating an improvement in rheology, thixotropy and the final properties of the product for processes with or without torque Cost / benefit for productivity and quality in the products where the additive is applied. The use of lipids with emulsifying agents not only control the intrinsic properties of the resin, but also play an important role during the application since they help improve the micellar systems in the viscoelastic properties of the polymer and its components, which intensify its action and they play an important role in the final properties of the product that you want to obtain. 5.-In the cited patents there are no improvements in the average life of the machines, they only disclose the fluidity of the material but not the benefits towards the application thereof; while in the present invention the affliction within the resin in synthesis of lubricating agents allows to increase the versatility of the resin that results in the application as an internal-external lubricant that allows greater durability and the average life of productivity of the machines already what's up less effort and consequently reduction of corrective maintenance.
En las patentes señaladas las condiciones de proceso de Ia síntesis de las resinas poliamidicas mantienen dispersidades del orden de 3.5 a 5 en peso y son reacciones de policondensación; mientras que en Ia presente invención Ia resina es desarrollada en emulsión Io que implica que se puede reordenar los puntos activos de Ia misma y estabilizar en función del tamaño de partícula y de Ia distribución del peso molecular con diversidades de 1.7 - 2.4 y 2.9 - 3.1 respectivamente.In the patents indicated, the process conditions for the synthesis of polyamide resins maintain dispersions of the order of 3.5 to 5 by weight and are polycondensation reactions; while in the present invention the resin is developed in emulsion Io which implies that the active points thereof can be rearranged and stabilized according to the particle size and molecular weight distribution with diversities of 1.7-2.4 and 2.9-3.1 respectively.
Es por ello que se decidió desarrollar una tecnología que permita crear una resina que permita ayudar en los procesos de Ia transformación de termoplásticos, hules, elastómeros y termofijos en sus procesos con o sin torque, y que mantenga las propiedades finales del producto deseado, al mismo tiempo ayude en las condiciones del proceso abatiendo las condiciones de temperatura y presión, además de ayudar a Ia velocidad de producción sin que éstas se vean forzadas y se puedan cumplir con os programas de mantenimiento preventivo de acuerdo a las especificaciones de las mismas. Se eligió el proceso de Ia polimerización en emulsión utilizando como materia prima principal aminoácidos derivados de los lípidos cuyo componente principal es Ia glicina, el cual permite garantizar Ia biodegradabilidad de Ia resina y al mismo tiempo se estabilizó con agentes liofílicos para estabilizar y controlar el peso molecular y Ia reactividad de Ia resina. Al mismo tiempo se utilizaron lubricantes dentro de Ia polimerización el cual por su característica de instauración permite integrar en Ia morfología de Ia resina Ia lubricación necesaria para su aplicación durante el proceso de Ia transformación de plásticos, esto nos ayuda a generar una mejor fluidez y morfología en Ia viscoelasticídad de Ia resina y al mismo tiempo, mantener Ia memoria de los módulos físicos que dan las propiedades finales de los productos obtenidos. Las ventajas de Ia presente invención podrán ser aparentes a partir del estudio de Ia siguiente descripción y las figuras que Ia acompañan, con fines exclusivamente ilustrativos y no limitativos.That is why it was decided to develop a technology that allows to create a resin that allows to help in the processes of the transformation of thermoplastics, rubber, elastomers and thermofixes in their processes with or without torque, and that maintains the final properties of the desired product, while At the same time, it helps in the process conditions by lowering the temperature and pressure conditions, in addition to helping the production speed without them being forced and preventive maintenance programs can be fulfilled according to their specifications. The emulsion polymerization process was chosen using as the main raw material amino acids derived from lipids whose main component is glycine, which ensures the biodegradability of the resin and at the same time stabilized with lyophilic agents to stabilize and control the weight molecular and the reactivity of the resin. At the same time, lubricants were used within the polymerization which, due to its installation characteristic, allows the integration of lubrication necessary for its application during the process of the transformation of plastics into the morphology of the resin, this helps us to generate a better fluidity and morphology in the viscoelasticity of the resin and at the same time, maintain the memory of the physical modules that give the final properties of the products obtained. The advantages of the present invention may be apparent from the study of the following description and the accompanying figures, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes only.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURASBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Para una mejor comprensión de Ia invención a continuación se hace una breve descripción de las figuras, utilizando tablas y gráficas de Ia aplicación del aditivo: La figura 1 muestra el diagrama de flujo sobre el proceso de Ia obtención de Ia resina.For a better understanding of the invention, a brief description of the figures is made below, using tables and graphs of the application of the additive: Figure 1 shows the flow chart on the process of obtaining the resin.
La figura 2 muestra una tabla sobre Ia vulcanización de elastómeros y hules.Figure 2 shows a table on the vulcanization of elastomers and rubber.
La figura 3 muestra una tabla sobre los fenómenos observados en Ia aplicación en una fórmula típica de elastómeros.Figure 3 shows a table on the phenomena observed in the application in a typical elastomer formula.
La figura 4 muestra una gráfica sobre Ia relación porcentual, vulcanizante, acelerador y aditivo vs dureza (50); en donde se observan mejoras en Ia propiedad de Ia dureza de las piezas vulcanizadas. La figura 5 muestra una gráfica sobre Ia relación porcentual, vulcanizante, acelerador y aditivo vs dureza (60); en donde se observan mejoras en Ia propiedad de Ia dureza de las piezas vulcanizadas.Figure 4 shows a graph on the percentage, vulcanizing, accelerator and additive vs hardness ratio (50); where improvements in the property of the hardness of the vulcanized pieces are observed. Figure 5 shows a graph on the percentage, vulcanizing, accelerator and additive vs hardness ratio (60); where improvements in the property of the hardness of the vulcanized pieces are observed.
La figura 6 muestra una gráfica sobre Ia relación porcentual, vulcanizante, acelerador y aditivo vs dureza (70); en donde se , observan mejoras en Ia propiedad de Ia dureza de las piezas vulcanizadas. La figura 7 muestra una gráfica sobre el comportamiento termodinámico de mezcla de elastómeros dureza (60); en donde se puede observar en cuanto a Ia generación de calor, más caliente usando el aditivo por Io que es prescindible disminuir las temperaturas y tiempos de vulcanizado. La figura 8 muestra una gráfica sobre el comportamiento termodinámico de mezcla de elastómeros dureza (50); en donde se puede observar en cuanto a Ia generación de calor, más caliente usando el aditivo por Io que es prescindible disminuir las temperaturas y tiempos de vulcanizado. La figura 9 se muestra una gráfica sobre el comportamiento termodinámico de mezcla de elastómeros dureza (70); en donde se puede observar en cuanto a Ia generación de calor, más caliente usando el aditivo por Io que es prescindible disminuir las temperaturas y tiempos de vulcanizado.Figure 6 shows a graph on the percentage, vulcanizing, accelerator and additive vs hardness ratio (70); where it is observed improvements in the property of the hardness of the vulcanized pieces. Figure 7 shows a graph on the thermodynamic behavior of mixing hardness elastomers (60); where it can be observed in terms of heat generation, hotter using the additive so it is necessary to reduce the temperatures and times of vulcanization. Figure 8 shows a graph on the thermodynamic behavior of mixing hardness elastomers (50); where it can be observed in terms of heat generation, hotter using the additive so it is necessary to reduce the temperatures and times of vulcanization. Figure 9 shows a graph on the thermodynamic behavior of mixing hardness elastomers (70); where it can be observed in terms of heat generation, hotter using the additive so it is necessary to reduce the temperatures and times of vulcanization.
La figura 10 mutstra una tabla sobre los procesos de inyección con el aditivo, donde se observa el tiempo y el porcentaje de ahorro. La figura 11 muestra una tabla sobre los beneficios del uso del aditivo, en donde se observan los parámetros, condiciones y porcentajes de reducción.Figure 10 shows a table on the injection processes with the additive, which shows the time and the percentage of savings. Figure 11 shows a table on the benefits of the use of the additive, where the parameters, conditions and reduction percentages are observed.
La figura 12 muestra una tabla sobre los procesos de extracción con el aditivo, en donde se observan los tiempos del proceso y los porcentajes de ahorro.Figure 12 shows a table on the extraction processes with the additive, where the process times and the savings percentages are observed.
La figura 13 muestra una tabla sobre los procesos de rotomoldeo con el aditivo, en donde se observan los tiempos del proceso y los porcentajes de ahorro.Figure 13 shows a table on rotational molding processes with the additive, where the process times and the savings percentages are observed.
La figura 14 muestra una gráfica sobre Ia curva de comportamiento de mezclado en un equipo de turbomix vs tiempo.Figure 14 shows a graph about the mixing behavior curve in a turbomix vs. time equipment.
La figura 15 muestra una gráfica sobre Ia curva de comportamiento de mezclado en un equipo de turbomix vs etapas .Figure 15 shows a graph on the mixing behavior curve in a turbomix vs stages equipment.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓNDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La invención trata de una resina que sustituye a las convencionales sintéticas y que una de las ventajas principales es el ser biodegradable, además de tener mayor versatilidad en su funcionamiento, cumpliendo con las siguientes características durante su aplicación:The invention deals with a resin that replaces conventional synthetics and one of the main advantages is being biodegradable, in addition to having greater versatility in its operation, complying with the following characteristics during its application:
• Agente de ayuda de proceso para aumentar el índice de fluidez• Process aid agent to increase the flow rate
• Agente de acoplamiento mejorando Ia tixotropía del plástico en donde se aplique• Coupling agent improving the thixotropy of the plastic where it is applied
• Lubricante interno - externo, Io que permite una mejor reología del plástico en proceso. I O• Internal - external lubricant, which allows a better rheology of the plastic in process. IO
• Agente moderador de expansibidad, mejorando las propiedades finales del producto donde se aplique y aumentando el rango de los módulos de YOUNG de acuerdo a las condiciones del proceso.• Expansioning moderating agent, improving the final properties of the product where it is applied and increasing the range of YOUNG modules according to the process conditions.
• Agente de reticulación en función de Ia temperatura y presión para los plásticos de ingeniería.• Crosslinking agent depending on the temperature and pressure for engineering plastics.
Sus características principales de calidad de Ia resina se presentan en Ia siguiente tabla:Its main quality characteristics of the resin are presented in the following table:
Figure imgf000012_0001
Figure imgf000013_0001
Figure imgf000012_0001
Figure imgf000013_0001
La estructura de Ia resina está desarrollada en base de aminoácidos derivados de los lípidos naturales cuya estructura principal esta desarrollada en Ia GLICINA cuya estructura molecular principal es:The structure of the resin is developed on the basis of amino acids derived from natural lipids whose main structure is developed in GLICINE whose main molecular structure is:
CH2(NH2)COOHCH 2 (NH 2 ) COOH
Así mismo, una vez obtenida Ia base principal, se obtienen otras proporciones de aminoácidos en Ia proporción siguiente:Likewise, once the main base is obtained, other proportions of amino acids are obtained in the following proportion:
Figure imgf000013_0002
Figure imgf000013_0002
Estos a su vez, son estabilizados por medio de agentes liofílicos del tipo orgánico natural del cual se usaron las siguientes proporciones en base a su naturaleza HLB (balance hidrofobito-liofilico):
Figure imgf000013_0003
Figure imgf000014_0001
These, in turn, are stabilized by means of lyophilic agents of the natural organic type of which the following proportions were used based on their HLB nature (hydrophobic-lyophilic balance):
Figure imgf000013_0003
Figure imgf000014_0001
Estos últimos utilizados como agentes grasos de lubricación principalmente, así como reguladores del peso molecular y de Ia velocidad de reacción en polimerización sustentado bajo los principios de interacción de FLORY - HUGGINS y las teorías clásicas de Ia polimerización en emulsión de EWART - SMITH - GARDON - FITH y controlando Ia actividad de las partículas a partir de las leyes de COULOMB - HUCKEL - POISSONELI, el cual nos permitió generar una resina de bajo peso molecular y que está clasificada como un OLIGOMERO con Ia actividad necesaria par cumplir con las funciones de un agente aditivo para Ia transformación de plásticos. La resina cumple con las características de acuerdo a las condiciones del proceso a las que el fabricante usuario trabaja sus termoplásticos. La resina se clasifica como aditivo y es de bajo peso molecular que ayuda al abatimiento de las condiciones de proceso de temperatura y presión aumentando Ia calidad de las piezas obtenidas con ahorros de energía y aumento de Ia productividad en Ia transformación del plástico. La resina es biodegradable, sin embargo en proporciones bajas ayuda a mantener Ia estabilidad del producto y a reducir su tiempo de degradación como ayuda para el proceso mismo de evitar Ia contaminación del entorno. Como ayuda de proceso permite disminuir las condiciones de proceso en temperatura y presión y por consiguiente obtener mayor productividad con abatimiento de costos. Sirve como agente para mantener la uniformidad de las cargas y pigmentos ayudando a dar una mejor distribución de las mismas sobre las propiedades finales del producto.The latter used as fatty lubrication agents mainly, as well as regulators of molecular weight and the reaction rate in polymerization sustained under the principles of interaction of FLORY - HUGGINS and the classical theories of emulsion polymerization of EWART - SMITH - GARDON - FITH and controlling the activity of the particles from the laws of COULOMB - HUCKEL - POISSONELI, which allowed us to generate a low molecular weight resin and that is classified as an OLIGOMER with the necessary activity to fulfill the functions of an agent additive for the transformation of plastics. The resin meets the characteristics according to the process conditions to which the user manufacturer works its thermoplastics. The resin is classified as an additive and is of low molecular weight that helps to reduce the temperature and pressure process conditions by increasing the quality of the pieces obtained with energy savings and increasing the productivity in the transformation of the plastic. The resin is biodegradable, however in low proportions it helps to maintain the stability of the product and reduce its degradation time as an aid to the process of avoiding the contamination of the environment. As a process aid it allows to reduce the process conditions in temperature and pressure and therefore obtain greater productivity with a reduction in costs. It serves as an agent to maintain the uniformity of fillers and pigments helping to give a better distribution of them over the final properties of the product.
Tiene propiedades de agente de lubricación interno - externo Io que evita Ia degradación del polímero por fricción dando mayor posibilidad de interacción con otros polímeros o con cargas para garantizar una mejor distribución de los esfuerzos físicos y mecánicos y proveer mejor calidad en las propiedades finales del producto.It has properties of internal lubrication agent - external which prevents the degradation of the friction polymer giving greater possibility of interaction with other polymers or with loads to ensure a better distribution of physical and mechanical stresses and provide better quality in the final properties of the product .
Modera el factor de expansibidad del polímero manteniendo las condiciones de estructura y diseño con perdidas en las contracciones mínimas y modificando el modulo de YOUNG de acuerdo a las condiciones del proceso en el cual se este procesando.It moderates the polymer expandability factor maintaining the structure and design conditions with losses in the minimum contractions and modifying the YOUNG module according to the conditions of the process in which it is being processed.
Como agente de reticulación para hacer del plástico como aditivo para materiales de ingeniería debido al diseño de Ia resina durante su fabricación y en función de los factores de interacción promueve los puntos clave de reticulación de las piezas de ingeniería de acuerdo a sus usos.As a crosslinking agent to make plastic as an additive for engineering materials due to the design of the resin during its manufacture and depending on the interaction factors, it promotes the key points of crosslinking of the engineering parts according to their uses.
PROCESO:PROCESS:
El proceso de Ia obtención de Ia resina se obtiene a partir de los siguientes pasos (Figura 1):The process of obtaining the resin is obtained from the following steps (Figure 1):
EXTRACCIÓN:EXTRACTION:
A partir de peptidos se obtienen los aminoácidos correspondientes cuya composición principal es Ia GLICINA, en donde se hace el proceso durante 3 - 4 horas de acuerdo con Ia riqueza del aminoácido que contenga a velocidad controlada de 60 rpm y a rangos de temperatura deFrom peptides the corresponding amino acids are obtained whose main composition is GLICINE, where the process is carried out for 3-4 hours according to the richness of the amino acid containing at a controlled speed of 60 rpm and at temperature ranges of
60 - 7O0C Io que nos permite controlar el proceso y evitar polimerizaciones por condensación no deseadas, el pH de Ia reacción se mantiene entre 4 - 5 y se regula a partir de Ia presencia de cationes de60 - 7O 0 C Io which allows us to control the process and avoid unwanted condensation polymerizations, the pH of the reaction is maintained between 4-5 and is regulated from the presence of cations of
Ca2+, que permite dirigir Ia extracción evitando Ia polimerización. PRE - EMULSION:Ca 2+ , which allows directing the extraction avoiding polymerization. PRE - EMULSION:
Se hace una solución jabonosa a partir de los agentes liofílicos a temperatura de d3 35 - 450C evitando el fenómeno de Kraft y teniendo las CMC (concentración crítica micelar) del compuesto global del orden deA soapy solution is made from the lyophilic agents at a temperature of d3 35-45 0 C avoiding the Kraft phenomenon and having the CMC (micellar critical concentration) of the overall compound of the order of
3.5 -4.7 g/litro y un HLB del orden de 6 - 14 dependiendo de las características de Ia resina para el tipo de plástico donde se usara, el rango del pH de Ia solución es del orden de 6 - 9, Ia conductividad del orden de 220 - 450 Ds (microsiemens) Io que nos ha permitido reorientar al momento de Ia reacción Ia morfología del polímero como aditivo para Ia industria del plástico.3.5 -4.7 g / liter and an HLB of the order of 6 - 14 depending on the characteristics of the resin for the type of plastic where it will be used, the pH range of the solution is of the order of 6 - 9, the conductivity of the order 220 - 450 Ds (microsiemens), which has allowed us to reorient the morphology of the polymer as an additive for the plastics industry at the time of the reaction.
Posteriormente s^ añade el extracto de peptidos obtenidos en agua para mantener un % de sólidos entre 40 - 45% para Ia reacción, se utilizan propelas del tipo turbina con dedos contraídos para asegurar Ia dispersión de Ia pre - emulsión. SÍNTESIS POR EMULSIÓN:Subsequently, the extract of peptides obtained in water is added to maintain a% of solids between 40-45% for the reaction, turbine-type propels with contracted fingers are used to ensure dispersion of the pre-emulsion. EMULSION SYNTHESIS:
Se toma el 20% de Ia pre -emulsión y se mete al reactor rde acero inoxidable 316 con chaueta de calentamiento y media cana de enfriamiento y se le añade el catalizador que se uso del tipo peróxidos (agua oxigenada, peróxido de butilo), persulfatos de amonio, y como regulador de Ia velocidad y promotor de enlaces covalentes el ácido fosforito en una proporción del orden de 0.5% y las cantidades de catalizador del orden 0.5 - 1% de Ia carga total de acuerdo al tamaño del peso molecular en número deseado y de acuerdo a Ia aplicación del proceso de transformación del tipo de plástico en donde se utiliza, así mismo, del grado de fluidez que se requiere para el plástico que va en el orden del 2 - 5 g/10 min. De acuerdo a las condiciones de operación de Ia máquina. : 20% of the pre-emulsion is taken and 316 stainless steel is introduced into the reactor with heating bead and half cooling channel and the catalyst that is used of the peroxide type (hydrogen peroxide, butyl peroxide), persulfates is added of ammonium, and as a regulator of the velocity and promoter of covalent bonds, phosphorite acid in a proportion of the order of 0.5% and the amounts of catalyst of the order 0.5-1% of the total charge according to the size of the molecular weight in desired number and according to the application of the process of transformation of the type of plastic where it is also used, the degree of fluidity that is required for the plastic that goes in the order of 2 - 5 g / 10 min. According to the operating conditions of the machine. :
Las condiciones del proceso fueron las siguientes durante 3 a 4 horas de proceso:The process conditions were as follows during 3 to 4 hours of process:
Figure imgf000016_0001
Figure imgf000017_0001
Figure imgf000016_0001
Figure imgf000017_0001
Así mismo, los rangos de formulaciones empleadas fueron los siguientes:Likewise, the ranges of formulations used were the following:
Figure imgf000017_0002
Figure imgf000017_0002
Dentro de estos rangos de formulación y las condiciones de proceso obtenemos Ia resina poliamidica oligomerica saponificada para usarse como aditivo con las características arriba mencionadas. Se utilizaron reactores de acero inoxidable 316 de 2.5, 6 y 10 toneladas de capacidad con sistema de calentamiento sea por medio de chaqueta con vapor de agua o con media can, el sistema de agitación se usaron tres tipos, propela de dedos contraídos, propela del tipo de turbina con dedos contraídos y propelas de hélice en donde el factor de difusión de masa y energía va en proporción hacia el tiempo de reacción en el reactor.Within these formulation ranges and process conditions we obtain the saponified oligomeric polyamide resin to be used as an additive with the characteristics mentioned above. Reactors of stainless steel 316 of 2.5, 6 and 10 tons of capacity were used with heating system either by means of jacket with water vapor or with half a can, the agitation system used three types, propeller of contracted fingers, propeller of the type of turbine with contracted fingers and propeller of propeller where the mass and energy diffusion factor goes in proportion to time of reaction in the reactor.
FILTRACIÓN:FILTRATION:
Se uso un sistema de filtrado en continuo con camas de 40*40 en acero inoxidable y malla de nylon - algodón mash 60 - 80 y una presión de 0 - 7A continuous filtering system was used with 40 * 40 beds in stainless steel and nylon mesh - cotton mash 60 - 80 and a pressure of 0 - 7
Kg/cm2.Kg / cm 2
SECADO:DRYING:
Se uso un sistema de secado por aspersión del tipo adiabático con presiones de vacío del orden de 300 - 500 BAR, obteniendo partículas del orden de 30 -70 mash.A spray drying system of the adiabatic type with vacuum pressures of the order of 300-500 BAR was used, obtaining particles of the order of 30-70 mash.
MOLIENDA:GRINDING:
Se uso molino de balines en movimiento continuo para disminuir el tamaño de partícula, el sistema tiene enfriamiento y es el diseño en forma adiabática, los balines fueron de vidrio del tipo backelita que nos permite mínimo de contaminación en el producto.Continuous motion ball mill was used to decrease the particle size, the system has cooling and is adiabatic design, the pellets were made of glass of the backelite type that allows us to minimize contamination in the product.
ENVASADO:PACKING:
Se descarga en silos adiabáticos en bolsas de papel reforzado para mantener Ia calidad y aeración necesaria para evitar Ia formación bacteriológica y micológica.It is discharged into adiabatic silos in reinforced paper bags to maintain the quality and aeration necessary to avoid bacteriological and mycological formation.
CRIBADO:SCREENING:
Clasificación de forma de partículas por medio de mallas de diferentes tamaños. ESTIBAMIENTO:Classification of particle shape by means of meshes of different sizes. ESTIBATION:
El material se entiba en partidas de 500 Kg sobre tarimas de madera o plástica y envueltos en plástico biorientado de polipropileno y controlando las temperaturas del almacén entre 20 - 30 0C y una humedad relativa del 15 - 25%.The material is wrapped in 500 kg items on wooden or plastic pallets and wrapped in polypropylene biorientado plastic and controlling the temperatures of the warehouse between 20 - 30 0 C and a relative humidity of 15 - 25%.
En consecuencia hacemos una reseña del procedimiento tanto de Ia resina como su aplicación: 1. La invención consiste en un proceso mixto de fabricación por emulsión de Ia resina en el cual se utilizan agentes liofílicos y lubricantes naturales Io que Io convierte en una resinaConsequently, we review the procedure of both the resin and its application: 1. The invention consists of a mixed process of emulsion manufacturing of the resin in which lyophilic agents and natural lubricants are used which converts it into a resin
5 biodegradable que tiene Ia particularidad de trabajar como aditivo en Ia transformación de plásticos, Ia proporción de síntesis de Ia resina va de 40% wt de monómeros derivados de aminoácidos, y controlado el pH en relación al porcentaje de CaCO3 en 600 - 900 ppm, y los oorcentajes de agentes liofílicos de acuerdo a su CMC IQ va del orden de 2 - 5% wt, los agentes lubricantes son del tipo ácido graso y aceites naturales como lípidos del orden de 6 - 8% wt, los iniciadores son del tipo donador de radicales de persulfato y agua oxigenada principalmente en una proporción del 0.2 - 1.8% wt de acuerdo al peso molecular deseado del producto y de las características de uso en Ia transformación de plásticos. 55 biodegradable that has the particularity of working as an additive in the transformation of plastics, the proportion of synthesis of the resin ranges from 40% wt of amino acid-derived monomers, and the pH is controlled in relation to the percentage of CaCO 3 at 600-900 ppm , and the oorcentajes of lyophilic agents according to their CMC IQ is of the order of 2 - 5% wt, the lubricating agents are of the fatty acid type and natural oils as lipids of the order of 6 - 8% wt, the initiators are of the type donor of persulfate and hydrogen peroxide radicals mainly in a proportion of 0.2 - 1.8% wt according to the desired molecular weight of the product and the characteristics of use in the transformation of plastics. 5
Dicha invención está desarrollada como un aditivo para Ia transformación de plásticos y sus funciones dentro de) proceso son las siguientes:Said invention is developed as an additive for the transformation of plastics and its functions within the process are the following:
• Agente de ayuda de proceso para aumentar el índice de fluidez• Process aid agent to increase the flow rate
• Agente ce acoplamiento 0• Coupling agent 0
• Lubricante interno - externo• Internal - external lubricant
• Agente moderador de expansibidad• Expansion moderating agent
• Agente de reticulación.• Crosslinking agent.
Para Ia cual fue diseñada y que por consecuencia representa una novedad dentro de los aditivos que se están usando en el mercado5 del tipo sintético, mejorando las propiedades de uso de los mismos y sobre todo siendo una resina del tipo biodegradable.For which it was designed and that consequently represents a novelty in the additives that are being used in the market5 of the synthetic type, improving their use properties and especially being a resin of the biodegradable type.
2. El sistema de síntesis de Ia resina por emulsión en Ql cual se sustenta en el sistema de CORE SHELL el cual va en función de las condiciones de proceso y de los fenómenos de difusión de masa,Q energía y momento.2. The synthesis system of the resin by emulsion in Ql which is based on the CORE SHELL system which depends on the process conditions and the phenomena of mass diffusion, Q energy and momentum.
• Difusión de masa: siendo una resina que contiene material que se polimeriza en masa, los fenómenos de estabilización de las partículas en estado coloidal van en función de las constantes de velocidad de reacción en Ia formación micelar y por consiguiente Ia estabilización de las partículas formadas sin que los lubricantes entren en reacción con el monómero utilizado y donde el control de Ia polimerización se da en función de su pH que va de un rango de 6 - 8 de acuerdo al peso molecular y el grado de interacción con los polímeros en donde se aplique. Difusión de energía; para el control de las velocidades de reacción en donde las condiciones termodinámicas son fundamentales para el control de Ia morfología de Ia resina que se pretende obtener y en donde parte fundamental de ello se presenta en Ia siguiente tabla:• Diffusion of mass: being a resin that contains material that is polymerized in mass, the stabilization phenomena of the particles in colloidal state are a function of the reaction rate constants in the micellar formation and consequently the stabilization of the particles formed without the lubricants entering into reaction with the monomer used and where the polymerization control is given in function of its pH that ranges from 6 - 8 according to molecular weight and the degree of interaction with the polymers where it is applied. Diffusion of energy; for the control of the reaction rates where the thermodynamic conditions are fundamental for the control of the morphology of the resin that is intended to be obtained and where a fundamental part of it is presented in the following table:
Figure imgf000020_0001
Figure imgf000020_0001
Difusión de momento; el diseño de las propelas y Ia velocidad de agitación para complementar los fenómenos anteriores y que permite un control tanto en Ia velocidad de Ia reacción como en Ia morfología del polímero dando una distribución de secuencias que va relacionado con las condiciones de aplicación de Ia resina como aditivo en Ia transformación de los plásticos de acuerdo a las condiciones que se aplique, los resultados que se obtuvieron fueron los siguientes:Moment diffusion; the design of the propellers and the speed of agitation to complement the previous phenomena and that allows a control both in the speed of the reaction and in the morphology of the polymer giving a sequence distribution that is related to the conditions of application of the resin as an additive in the transformation of plastics according to the conditions that are applied, the results obtained were the following:
Figure imgf000021_0001
Figure imgf000021_0001
Otra de las partes del Ia invención es el proceso de secado de Ia resina obtenida en Ia síntesis y en donde no debe perder las condiciones adecuadas para el proceso mismo y hemos utilizado y diseñado el equipo de aspersión el cual evita Ia degradación de Ia resina y mantiene sus propiedades para usarse como agente aditivo para Ia transformación del plástico, las condiciones o parámetros utilizados para el proceso fueron Ia temperatura, presión y velocidad de aspersión de vacío para mantener el tamaño y Ia distribución de tamaño de partícula adecuado para usarse para el proceso de transformación de los plásticos de acuerdo a sus usos y que a continuación se presentan los parámetros adecuados motivo de dicha invención:
Figure imgf000022_0001
Another part of the invention is the process of drying the resin obtained in the synthesis and where it should not lose the proper conditions for the process itself and we have used and designed the spray equipment which prevents the degradation of the resin and maintains its properties to be used as an additive agent for the transformation of the plastic, the conditions or parameters used for the process were the temperature, pressure and vacuum spray rate to maintain the size and the distribution of particle size suitable for use for the process of transformation of plastics according to their uses and that are presented below the appropriate parameters reason for said invention:
Figure imgf000022_0001
4. Durante su aplicación las condiciones de interacción con los diferentes termoplásticos (Figuras 10,12,13,14 y 15), elastómeros y termofijos ( Figuras 2,3,4*,5*,6*,7,8 y 9) en los cuales se han realizado pruebas y aprobado por los clientes fueron los siguientes resultados. Los beneficios se pueden observar en Ia Figura 11 para Ia aplicación de Ia resina en cualquier tipo de material.4. During its application the conditions of interaction with the different thermoplastics (Figures 10,12,13,14 and 15), elastomers and thermofixes (Figures 2,3,4 *, 5 *, 6 *, 7,8 and 9) in which tests have been performed and approved by customers were the following results. The benefits can be seen in Figure 11 for the application of the resin in any type of material.
*EI durametro tipo shore D es un sistema de medición a partir de una aguja que va de un diámetro especificado al aplicarse a cierta presión sobre Ia superficie de Ia pieza a medir, genera una contrapresión que da lectura a un sistema de resortes con un medidor de aguja basado en Ia ley de HOOKE* The shore-type durameter D is a measurement system from a needle that goes of a specified diameter when applied to a certain pressure on the surface of the piece to be measured, generates a back pressure that reads a spring system with a meter needle based on HOOKE law
Figure imgf000022_0002
047
Figure imgf000022_0002
047
21twenty-one
Figure imgf000023_0001
Figure imgf000023_0001
Dentro de las propiedades de Ia resina y su aplicación se presenta Io siguiente:Within the properties of the resin and its application, the following is presented:
PROPIEDADESPROPERTIES
PARÁMETRO VALOR QUÍMICASCHEMICAL VALUE PARAMETER
MATERIAL ACTIVO % 17+/-1ACTIVE MATERIAL% 17 +/- 1
EMULSIFICANTESEMULSIFIERS
% 14+/-1 INTERNO/EXTERNOS% 14 +/- 1 INTERNAL / EXTERNAL
CARACTERÍSTICASFEATURES
HUMEDAD 10+/-1 pH (al 2% en soluciónHUMIDITY 10 +/- 1 pH (2% solution
Unidad 5-6 liofilica)Unit 5-6 lyophilic)
CENIZAS % 2 +/--1ASHES% 2 + / - 1
VEHÍCULO REOLOGICO % 6+/-1 P T/MX2008/000047Rheological vehicle% 6 +/- 1 PT / MX2008 / 000047
1010
VEHÍCULO TIXOTROPICO % 10 +/- 1TIXOTROPIC VEHICLE% 10 +/- 1
CARGAS % 35 +/- 1LOADS% 35 +/- 1
GRAVEDAD ESPECIFICA gr/cc 1.183 =/- 0.2 A 250CSPECIFIC GRAVITY gr / cc 1,183 = / - 0.2 A 25 0 C
PROPIEDADES FÍSICASPHYSICAL PROPERTIES
TEMPERATURA DETEMPERATURE OF
80 +/- 2 ABLANDAMIENTO TEMPERATURA DE 180 +/- 5 DEGRADACIÓN80 +/- 2 TEMPERATURE SOFTENING OF 180 +/- 5 DEGRADATION
MELT INDEX g/10 min. 0.23MELT INDEX g / 10 min. 0.23
TEMPERATURA DETEMPERATURE OF
0C 140 +/- 5 RETICULACIÓN 0 C 140 +/- 5 RETICULATION
Y sus aplicaciones:And its applications:
Figure imgf000024_0001
08 000047
Figure imgf000024_0001
08 000047
23
Figure imgf000025_0001
2. 3
Figure imgf000025_0001
Así mismo como ejemplo de aplicación en los mezclados de Ia resina se presentan las siguientes propuestas:Likewise, as an example of application in resin blends, the following proposals are presented:
PROCEDIMIENTO EN UN EQUIPO DE TURBOMIX:PROCEDURE IN A TURBOMIX TEAM:
Figure imgf000025_0002
08/000047
Figure imgf000025_0002
08/000047
2424
Agregar una parte de carga para evitar el - apelmazamiento delAdd a load part to avoid the caking of the
0.5- -0 .7(30 -42 seg.) 55-60 TR durante Ia agitación0.5- -0 .7 (30 -42 sec.) 55-60 TR during agitation
(20% de Ia carga total de Ia formulación)(20% of the total load of the formulation)
Se añaden los lubricantes líquidos y 0.5- 0. 6(30-36seg.) 60-66 sólidosLiquid lubricants and 0.5-0.6 are added (30-36sec.) 60-66 solids
Se añaden los antioxidantes, 0.1 - 0 15 (6 -9 seg.) 66 -68 ozonizantes y anti UVThe antioxidants, 0.1 - 0 15 (6 -9 sec.) 66-68 ozonizers and anti UV are added
Se agregan las cargas - complementarias (80% 0.5- 0 .7 (30-42 seg.) 68-70 restante)Charges are added - complementary (80% 0.5-0.07 (30-42 sec.) 68-70 remaining)
Se Agregrn losThe
0.5- 0 .7 (30-42 seg.) 70-73 pigmentos0.5-0.7 (30-42 sec.) 70-73 pigments
Dejar en estabilización para disipación de 1-1 .5 (60 -90 seg.) 73-75 calorLeave in stabilization for dissipation of 1-1 .5 (60 -90 sec.) 73-75 heat
OBSERVACIONES (figuras 14 y 15):OBSERVATIONS (Figures 14 and 15):
• Se considera que el equipo de mezclado se utiliza el sistema de enfriamiento :• It is considered that the mixing equipment uses the cooling system:
• El cálculo de los tiempos van en función de Ia velocidad del rotor de agitación en el orden de 4000 - 5000 rpm• The calculation of the times depends on the speed of the stirring rotor in the order of 4000 - 5000 rpm
• Se puede considerar las curvas y las etapas de agregar en el mezclador como punto de partida hacia el equipo con que se cuenta y sobre todo en las cantidades que se agregan Dentro de los aspectos de Ia invención en cuanto a Ia resina como ADITIVO de una poliamida en base a cinco puntos fundamentales que consideramos sean de interés hacia el uso en el procesamiento de plástico con y sin torque:• You can consider the curves and the stages of adding in the mixer as a starting point towards the equipment you have and especially in the quantities that are added Within the aspects of the invention regarding the resin as ADDITIVE of a polyamide based on five fundamental points that we consider to be of interest towards the use in the processing of plastic with and without torque:
• CIENTÍFICO:• SCIENTIFIC:
1. En cuanto a Ia síntesis Ia aplicación de las teorías de EWART - SMITH - GARDON - FITH en Ia conformación de las partículas activas para estabilizar Ia emulsión del producto en rangos de su potencial químico traducido en Ia conductividad y el pH principalmente.1. Regarding the synthesis, the application of the theories of EWART - SMITH - GARDON - FITH in the conformation of active particles to stabilize the emulsion of the product in ranges of its chemical potential translated into conductivity and pH mainly.
2. Ia aplicación de las teorías de COULOMB - HUCKEL - POISSONELLI -GIBSS - HELMHOLTZ en Ia conformación de Ia energía requerida en Ia emulsión obtenida y Ia actividad que requiere para su aplicación que se traduce en las propiedades físico - químicas de las partículas que intervendrán en el procesamiento de plásticos.2. The application of the theories of COULOMB - HUCKEL - POISSONELLI -GIBSS - HELMHOLTZ in the conformation of the energy required in the emulsion obtained and the activity that requires for its application that translates into the physical - chemical properties of the particles that will intervene in plastics processing.
3. Ia aplicación de modelos matemáticos sustentados con los parámetros de interacción de FLORY - HUGGINS durante Ia síntesis y Ia aplicación de Ia resina por medio de energías de interacción en Ia formación del oligómero saponificado y su actividad en el procesamiento de plásticos de termoplásticos, hules, elastómeros y termofijos.3. The application of mathematical models supported by the interaction parameters of FLORY - HUGGINS during the synthesis and application of the resin by means of interaction energies in the formation of the saponified oligomer and its activity in the processing of thermoplastic plastics, rubber , elastomers and thermofixes.
• TECNOLÓGICO• TECHNOLOGICAL
1. En base al diseño mismo de Ia resina por emulsión, Ia aplicación y adaptación en cualquier tipo de procesos de transformación de plásticos, en el cual Ia viscoelasticidad durante Ia transformación del plástico es más uniforme, dando una nueva morfología al mismo y dando las propiedades finales físicas y mecánicas con mayor densidad dependerá del grado de actividad de Ia misma de acuerdo al tipo de proceso y plástico donde se aplique. 2. Los fenómenos de difusión de masa, energía y momento de acuerdo a las operaciones unitarias que se tengan en el proceso de Ia resina correspondientes a Ia morfología del1. Based on the design of the emulsion resin itself, the application and adaptation in any type of plastics transformation processes, in which the viscoelasticity during the transformation of the plastic is more uniform, giving a new morphology to it and giving Final physical and mechanical properties with higher density will depend on the degree of activity of the same according to the type of process and plastic where it is applied. 2. The phenomena of diffusion of mass, energy and momentum according to the unit operations that are had in the resin process corresponding to the morphology of the
5 oligomero sinterizado.5 sintered oligomer.
3. La adaptación de Ia tecnología en base al sistema de acoplamiento u operación unitaria que se utilice de acuerdo a las necesidades que se tengan en el proceso con torque o sin él, en donde se aplique. Q • ECONÓMICO3. The adaptation of the technology based on the coupling system or unit operation that is used according to the needs of the process with or without torque, where it is applied. Q • ECONOMIC
1. El bajo costo del proceso en base al costo/beneficio que representa Ia resina en su aplicación en los procesos de transformación de plásticos y elastómeros, utilizando Ia invención.1. The low cost of the process based on the cost / benefit represents the resin in its application to processes f ormation of trans plastics and elastomers, using the invention.
2. El reciclado de plásticos es beneficioso ya que mantiene una nueva memoria de sus propiedades viscoelásticas y por ende Ia reología y morfología del plástico en donde se utilice.2. The recycling of plastics is beneficial since it maintains a new memory of its viscoelastic properties and therefore the rheology and morphology of the plastic where it is used.
• SOCIAL• SOCIAL
1. La creación de puestos de trabajo en forma directa o indirecta durante Ia aplicación de Ia invención. 0 2. La implantación de una cultura de uso y aprovechamiento racional de los recursos naturales que en este caso sería los derivados de Ia industria petroquímica.1. The creation of jobs directly or indirectly during the application of the invention. 0 2. The implementation of a culture of use and rational use of natural resources that in this case would be those derived from the petrochemical industry.
3. El aprovechamiento de los reciclados junto con el material virgen proporciona beneficios por Ia creación de nuevas5 fuentes de trabajo en Ia recolección de desechos plásticos3. The use of recycled materials together with virgin material provides benefits for the creation of new sources of work in the collection of plastic waste
. ECOLÓGICO. ECOLOGICAL
1. El aprovechamiento de los reciclados ahora que el problema del petróleo se esta incrementado con Ia invención que permite racionalizar este recurso.1. The use of recycled products now that the oil problem is increasing with the invention that allows this resource to be rationalized.
2. El uso de los residuos sólidos plásticos sea como materia prima o como refuerzos en el procesamiento de los plásticos vírgenes lo que da Ia apertura con Ia invención hacia el beneficio del entorno.2. The use of solid plastic waste either as raw material or as reinforcements in the processing of plastics virgins what gives the opening with the invention towards the benefit of the environment.
3. Siendo una resina biodegradable, no crea problemas ecológicos ni microbiológicos hacia el ecosistema.3. Being a biodegradable resin, it does not create ecological or microbiological problems towards the ecosystem.
La invención se ha descrito suficientemente como para que una persona con conocimientos medios en Ia materia pueda reproducir y obtener los resultados que mencionamos en Ia presente invención. Sin embargo, cualquier persona hábil en el campo de Ia técnica que compete a Ia presente invención puede ser capaz de hacer modificaciones no descritas en Ia presente solicitud, no obstante si para Ia aplicación de estas modificaciones se requiere de Ia materia reclamada en las siguientes reivindicaciones, deberán ser comprendidas dentro del alcance de Ia presente invención. The invention has been described sufficiently that a person with average knowledge in the field can reproduce and obtain the results mentioned in the present invention. However, any person skilled in the field of the technique that falls within the scope of the present invention may be able to make modifications not described in the present application, however if the matter claimed in the following claims is required for the application of these modifications , must be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONESHabiendo descrito suficientemente Ia invención, se considera como novedad y por Io tanto se reclama como propiedad Io expresado y contenido en las siguientes cláusulas reivindicatorías: CLAIMS Having described the invention sufficiently, it is considered as a novelty and therefore it is claimed as property expressed and contained in the following clauses claims:
1.- Resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñada como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque que se caracteriza porque Ia estructura de Ia resina está desarrollada en base de aminoácidos derivados de los lípidos naturales cuya estructura principal está desarrollada en Ia GLICINA cuya estructura molecular principal es:1.- Saponified polyamide resin in emulsion designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque that is characterized in that the structure of the resin is developed based on amino acids derived from natural lipids whose main structure is developed in Ia GLICINA whose main molecular structure is:
CH2(NH2)COOHCH 2 (NH 2 ) COOH
Así mismo, una vez obtenida Ia base principal, se obtienen otras proporciones de aminoácidos en Ia proporción siguiente:Likewise, once the main base is obtained, other proportions of amino acids are obtained in the following proportion:
Figure imgf000030_0001
Estos a su vez, son estabilizados por medio de agentes liofílico's del tipo orgánico natural del cual se usaron las siguientes proporciones en base a su naturaleza HLB (balance hidrofobito-liofilico):
Figure imgf000030_0001
These in turn are stabilized by lyophilic 's natural organic type agents which were used in the following proportions based on its nature HLB (hidrofobito-lipophilic balance):
Figure imgf000031_0001
Figure imgf000031_0001
2.- Resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñado como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque, tal y como se reivindica en Ia cláusula 1 , en donde Ia resina se caracteriza por ser de bajo peso molecular y está clasificada como un OLIGOMERO con Ia actividad necesaria par cumplir con las funciones de un agente aditivo para Ia transformación de plásticos. La resina cumple con las características de acuerdo a las condiciones del proceso a las que el fabricante usuario trabaja sus termoplásticos.2.- Saponified polyamide resin in emulsion designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque, as claimed in clause 1, where the resin is characterized by being of low molecular weight and is classified as an OLIGOMERO with the necessary activity to fulfill the functions of an additive agent for the transformation of plastics. The resin meets the characteristics according to the process conditions to which the user manufacturer works its thermoplastics.
3.- Resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñado como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque, tal y como se reivindica en Ia cláusula 1, en donde se caracteriza porque ayuda al abatimiento de las condiciones de proceso de temperatura y presión aumentando Ia calidad de las piezas obtenidas con ahorros de energfa y aumento de Ia productividad en Ia transformación del plástico. 3.- Saponified polyamide resin in emulsion designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque, as claimed in clause 1, where it is characterized in that it helps to reduce the temperature process conditions and pressure increasing Ia quality of the parts obtained with energy savings f a and increase the productivity in Ia plastics processing.
4.- Resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñado como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque, tal y como se reivindica en Ia cláusula 1 , en donde se 5 caracteriza porque es biodegradable, y sin embargo en proporciones bajas ayuda a mantener Ia estabilidad del producto y a reducir su tiempo de degradación como ayuda para el proceso mismo de evitar Ia contaminación del entorno. 4.- Saponified polyamide resin in emulsion designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque, as claimed in clause 1, where it is characterized in that it is biodegradable, and yet in low proportions It helps to maintain the stability of the product and reduce its degradation time as an aid to the process of avoiding contamination of the environment.
5.- Resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñado como aditivof) para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque, tal y como se reivindica en Ia cláusula 1 , en donde se caracteriza porque permite disminuir las condiciones de proceso en temperatura y presión y por consiguiente obtener mayor productividad con abatimiento de costos.5.- Saponified polyamide resin in emulsion designed as additive f) for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque, as claimed in clause 1, where it is characterized because it allows to reduce the process conditions in temperature and pressure and therefore obtain greater productivity with lower costs.
6.- Resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñado como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque, tal y como se reivindica en Ia cláusula 1 , en donde se caracteriza porque sirve como agente para mantener Ia uniformidad de las cargas y pigmentos ayudando a dar una mejor distribución de las mismas sobre las propiedades finales del producto. 6.- Saponified polyamide resin in emulsion designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque, as claimed in clause 1, where it is characterized in that it serves as an agent to maintain the uniformity of loads and pigments helping to give a better distribution of them over the final properties of the product.
7. - Resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñado como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque, tal y como se reivindica en Ia cláusula 1 ,- en donde se caracteriza porque tiene propiedades de agente de lubricación interno - externo Io que evita Ia degradación del polímero por fricción dando mayor posibilidad de interacción con otros polímeros o con cargas para garantizar una mejor distribución de los esfuerzos físicos y mecánicos y proveer mejor calidad en las propiedades finales del producto. 7. - Saponified polyamide resin in emulsion designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque, as claimed in clause 1, - where it is characterized in that it has properties of internal - external lubricating agent This avoids the degradation of the polymer by friction, giving greater possibility of interaction with other polymers or with loads to guarantee a better distribution of physical and mechanical stresses and provide better quality in the final properties of the product.
8.- Resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñado como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque, tal y como se reivindica en Ia cláusula 1 , donde se caracteriza porque modera el factor de expansibidad del polímero manteniendo las condiciones de estructura y diseño con perdidas en las contracciones mínimas y modificando el modulo de YOUNG de acuerdo a las condiciones del proceso en el cual se este procesando. 8.- Saponified emulsion polyamide resin designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque, as claimed in clause 1, where it is characterized in that it moderates the polymer's expandability factor while maintaining the conditions of structure and design with losses in minimum contractions and modifying the YOUNG module according to the conditions of the process in which it is being processed.
9. -Proceso para obtener resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión 5 diseñada como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque que consta de las siguientes etapas:9. -Process to obtain saponified polyamide resin in emulsion 5 designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque consisting of the following stages:
EXTRACCIÓN:EXTRACTION:
A partir de peptidos se obtienen los aminoácidos correspondientes cuya 10 composición principal es Ia GLICINA, en donde se hace el proceso durante 3 - 4 horas de acuerdo con Ia riqueza del aminoácido que contenga a velocidad controlada de 60 rpm y a rangos de temperatura de 60 - 70 0C Io que nos permite controlar el proceso y evitar polimerizaciones por condensación no deseadas, el pH de Ia reacción se mantiene entre 4 - 5 y se regula a partir de Ia presencia de cationes de Ca2+, que permite dirigir Ia extracción evitando Ia polimerización. PRE - EMULSIÓN:From peptides the corresponding amino acids are obtained whose main composition is GLICINE, where the process is carried out for 3-4 hours according to the richness of the amino acid containing at a controlled speed of 60 rpm and temperature ranges of 60- 70 0 C Io that allows us to control the process and avoid unwanted condensation polymerizations, the pH of the reaction is maintained between 4-5 and is regulated from the presence of Ca 2+ cations, which allows the extraction to be directed avoiding The polymerization. PRE - EMULSION:
Se hace una solución jabonosa a partir de los agentes liofílicos a temperatura de d3 35 - 450C evitando el fenómeno de Kraft y teniendo lasA soapy solution is made from the lyophilic agents at a temperature of d3 35-45 0 C avoiding the Kraft phenomenon and having the
CMC (concentración crítica micelar) del compuesto global del orden de0CMC (micellar critical concentration) of the global compound of the order of 0
3.5 - 4.7 g/litro y un HLB del orden de 6 - 14 dependiendo de las características de Ia resina para el tipo de plástico donde se usara, el rango del pH de Ia solución es del orden de 6 - 9, Ia conductividad del orden de 220 - 450 Ds (microsiemens) Io que nos ha permitido reorientar al momento de Ia reacción Ia morfología del polímero como aditivo para Ia5 industria del plástico. Posteriormente se añade el extracto de peptidos obtenidos en agua para mantener un % de sólidos entre 40 - 45% para Ia reacción, se utilizan propelas del tipo turbina con dedos contraídos para asegurar Ia dispersión de Ia pre - emulsión. SÍNTESIS POR EMULSIÓN: Q Se toma el 20% de Ia pre -emulsión y se mete al reactor ,de acero inoxidable 316 con chaueta de calentamiento y media cana de enfriamiento y se Ie añade el catalizador que se uso del tipo peróxidos (agua oxigenada, peróxido de butilo), persulfatos de amonio, y como regulador de Ia velocidad y promotor de enlaces covalentes el ácido fosforito en una proporción del orden de 0.5% y las cantidades de catalizador del orden 0.5 - 1% de Ia carga total de acuerdo al tamaño del peso molecular en número deseado y de acuerdo a Ia aplicación del proceso de transformación del tipo de plástico en donde se utiliza, así mismo, del grado de fluidez que se requiere para el plástico que va en el orden del 2 - 5 g/10 min. De acuerdo a las condiciones de operación de Ia máquina.3.5 - 4.7 g / liter and an HLB of the order of 6 - 14 depending on the characteristics of the resin for the type of plastic where it will be used, the pH range of the solution is of the order of 6 - 9, the conductivity of the order 220 - 450 Ds (microsiemens), which has allowed us to reorient the morphology of the polymer as an additive for the plastic industry at the time of the reaction. Subsequently, the extract of peptides obtained in water is added to maintain a% of solids between 40-45% for the reaction, turbine-type propels with contracted fingers are used to ensure dispersion of the pre-emulsion. EMULSION SYNTHESIS: Q 20% of the pre-emulsion is taken and placed in the reactor, made of 316 stainless steel with a heating rod and half a cooling channel and the catalyst that is used of the peroxide type is added (hydrogen peroxide, butyl peroxide), ammonium persulfates, and as a regulator of the speed and promoter of covalent bonds, phosphorite acid in a proportion of the order of 0.5% and the amounts of catalyst of the order 0.5 - 1% of the total load according to the size of the molecular weight in desired number and according to the application of the transformation process of the type of plastic where it is also used, the degree of fluidity that is required for the plastic that goes in the order of 2 - 5 g / 10 min. According to the operating conditions of the machine.
Las condiciones del proceso fueron las siguientes durante 3 a 4 horas de proceso;The conditions of the process were the following during 3 to 4 hours of process;
Figure imgf000034_0001
Figure imgf000034_0001
Así mismo, los rangos de formulaciones empleadas fueron los siguientes:Likewise, the ranges of formulations used were the following:
Figure imgf000034_0002
Figure imgf000035_0001
Figure imgf000034_0002
Figure imgf000035_0001
Dentro de estos rangos de formulación y las condiciones de proceso obtenemos Ia resina poliamidica oligomérica saponificada para usarse como aditivo con las características arriba mencionadas.Within these formulation ranges and process conditions we obtain the saponified oligomeric polyamide resin to be used as an additive with the characteristics mentioned above.
Se utilizaron reactores de acero inoxidable 316 de 2.5, 6 y 10 toneladas de capacidad con sistema de calentamiento sea por medio de chaqueta con vapor de agua o con media can, el sistema de agitación se usaron tres tipos, propela de dedos contraídos, propela del tipo de turbina con dedos contraídos y propelas de hélice en donde el factor de difusión de masa y energía va en proporción hacia el tiempo de reacción en el reactor.Reactors of stainless steel 316 of 2.5, 6 and 10 tons of capacity were used with heating system either by means of jacket with water vapor or with half can, the agitation system was used three types, propeller of contracted fingers, propeller of the type of turbine with contracted fingers and propeller propellers where the mass and energy diffusion factor goes in proportion to the reaction time in the reactor.
FILTRACIÓN:FILTRATION:
Se uso un sistema de filtrado en continuo con camas de 40*40 en acero inoxidable y malla de nylon - algodón mash 60 - 80 y una presión de 0 - 7A continuous filtering system was used with 40 * 40 beds in stainless steel and nylon mesh - cotton mash 60 - 80 and a pressure of 0 - 7
Kg/cm2.Kg / cm 2
SECADO:DRYING:
Se uso un sistema de secado por aspersión del tipo adiabático con presiones de vacío del orden de 300 - 500 BAR, obteniendo partículas del orden de 30 -70 mash.A spray drying system of the adiabatic type with vacuum pressures of the order of 300-500 BAR was used, obtaining particles of the order of 30-70 mash.
MOLIENDA:GRINDING:
Se usó molino, de balines en movimiento continuo para disminuir el tamaño de partícula, el sistema tiene enfriamiento y es el diseño en forma adiabática, los balines fueron de vidrio del tipo backelita que nos permite mínimo de contaminación en el producto.Mill was used, of pellets in continuous movement to reduce the particle size, the system has cooling and is the adiabatic design, the pellets were made of glass of the backelite type that allows us to minimize contamination in the product.
ENVASADO: Se descarga en silos adiabáticos en bolsas de papel reforzado para mantener Ia calidad y aeración necesaria para evitar Ia formación bacteriológica y micológica. CRIBADO:PACKING: It is discharged into adiabatic silos in reinforced paper bags to maintain the quality and aeration necessary to avoid bacteriological and mycological formation. SCREENING:
Clasificación de forma de partículas por medio de mallas de diferentes tamaños. ESTIBAMIENTO:Classification of particle shape by means of meshes of different sizes. ESTIBATION:
El material se entiba en partidas de 500 Kg sobre tarimas de 'madera o plástica y envueltos en plástico biorientado de polipropileno y controlando las temperaturas del almacén entre 20 - 30 0C y una humedad relativa del 15 - 25%.The material in batches entiba 500kg on pallets' wooden or plastic wrapped in plastic bioriented polypropylene and controlling warehouse temperatures between 20 to 30 0 C and relative humidity 15-25%.
10.- Procedimiento para la aplicación de Ia resina poliamidica saponificada en emulsión diseñada como aditivo para Ia transformación de termoplásticos y elastómeros en procesos con o sin torque se caracteriza porque:10.- Procedure for the application of the saponified polyamide resin in emulsion designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque is characterized by:
1.- La proporción de síntesis de Ia resina va de 40% wt de monómeros derivados de aminoácidos, y controlado el pH en relación al porcentaje de CaCO3 en 600 - 900 ppm, y los porcentajes de agentes liofílicos de acuerdo a su CMC va del orden de 2 - 5% wt, los agentes lubricantes son del tipo ácido graso y aceites naturales como lípidos del orden de1.- The synthesis rate of the resin ranges from 40% wt of amino acid derived monomers, and the pH is controlled in relation to the percentage of CaCO 3 at 600-900 ppm, and the percentages of lyophilic agents according to their CMC are of the order of 2 - 5% wt, the lubricating agents are of the fatty acid type and natural oils as lipids of the order of
6 - 8% wt, los iniciadores son del tipo donador de radicales de persulfato y agua oxigenada principalmente en una proporción del 0.2 - 1.8% wt de acuerdo al peso molecular deseado del producto y de las características de uso en Ia transformación de plásticos. 2> El sistema de síntesis de Ia resina por emulsión en el cual se sustenta en el sistema de CORE SHELL el cual va en función de las condiciones de proceso y de los fenómenos de difusión de masa, energía y momento.6 - 8% wt, the initiators are of the donor type of persulfate and hydrogen peroxide radicals mainly in a proportion of 0.2 - 1.8% wt according to the desired molecular weight of the product and the characteristics of use in the transformation of plastics. 2> The system of synthesis of the resin by emulsion in which it is based on the CORE SHELL system which is based on the process conditions and the phenomena of diffusion of mass, energy and momentum.
• Difusión de masa: siendo una resina que contiene material que se polimeriza en masa, los fenómenos de estabilización de las partículas en estado coloidal van en función de las constantes de velocidad de reacción en Ia formación micelar y por consiguiente Ia estabilización de las partículas formadas sin que los lubricantes entren en reacción con el monómero utilizado y donde el control de Ia polimerización se da en función de su pH que va de un rango de 6 - 8 de acuerdo al peso molecular y el grado de interacción con los polímeros en donde se aplique.• Diffusion of mass: being a resin that contains material that is polymerized in mass, the phenomena of stabilization of the particles in colloidal state are a function of the reaction rate constants in the micellar formation and consequently the stabilization of the particles formed without the lubricants entering into reaction with the monomer used and where the control of the polymerization takes place as a function of its pH ranging from a range of 6-8 according to the molecular weight and the degree of interaction with the polymers where it is applied.
Difusión de energía; para el control de las velocidades de reacción en donde las condiciones termodinámicas son fundamentales para el control de Ia morfología de Ia resina que se pretende obtener y en donde parte fundamental de ello se presenta en Ia siguiente tabla:Diffusion of energy; for the control of the reaction rates where the thermodynamic conditions are fundamental for the control of the morphology of the resin that is intended to be obtained and where a fundamental part of it is presented in the following table:
Figure imgf000037_0001
Figure imgf000037_0001
Difusión de momento; el diseño de las propelas y Ia velocidad de agitación para complementar los fenómenos anteriores y que permite un control tanto en Ia velocidad de Ia reacción como en Ia morfología del polímero dando una distribución de secuencias que va relacionado con las condiciones de aplicación de Ia resina como aditivo en Ia transformación de los plásticos de acuerdo a las condiciones que se aplique, los resultados que se obtuvieron fueron los siguientes:Moment diffusion; the design of the propellers and the speed of agitation to complement the previous phenomena and that allows a control both in the speed of the reaction and in the morphology of the polymer giving a sequence distribution that is related to the conditions of application of the resin as additive in Ia transformation of plastics according to the conditions that apply, the results obtained were the following:
Figure imgf000038_0001
Figure imgf000038_0001
3.- Otra de las partes del Ia invención es el proceso de secado de Ia resina obtenida en Ia síntesis y en donde no debe perder las condiciones adecuadas para el proceso mismo y hemos utilizado y diseñado el equipo de aspersión el cual evita Ia degradación de Ia resina y mantiene sus propiedades para usarse como agente aditivo para Ia transformación del plástico, las condiciones o parámetros utilizados para el proceso fueron Ia temperatura, presión y velocidad de aspersión de vacío para mantener el tamaño y Ia distribución de tamaño de partícula adecuado para usarse para el proceso de transformación de los plásticos de acuerdo a sus usos y que a continuación se presentan los parámetros adecuados motivo de dicha invención:3.- Another part of the invention is the process of drying the resin obtained in the synthesis and where it should not lose the proper conditions for the process itself and we have used and designed the spray equipment which prevents the degradation of The resin and maintains its properties to be used as an additive agent for the transformation of the plastic, the conditions or parameters used for the process were the temperature, pressure and vacuum spray rate to maintain the size and distribution of particle size suitable for use. for the process of transformation of plastics according to their uses and that the following are the appropriate parameters reason for this invention:
Figure imgf000038_0002
Figure imgf000039_0001
Figure imgf000038_0002
Figure imgf000039_0001
4.- Durante su aplicación las condiciones de interacción con los diferentes termoplásticos, elastómeros y termofijos fueron las siguientes4.- During its application the conditions of interaction with the different thermoplastics, elastomers and thermofixes were the following
Figure imgf000039_0002
008/000047
Figure imgf000039_0002
008/000047
3838
BUTADIENOS 0.38- -0.48 22 -28 19.7 -40. 8BUTADIENS 0.38- -0.48 22 -28 19.7 -40. 8
NITROPRENOS 0.42- -0.54 23.5 -28.7 35.9 -47. 5NITROPRENOS 0.42- -0.54 23.5 -28.7 35.9 -47. 5
TERMOFIJOSTHERMOFIXES
POLIURETANOS 0.17- 0.22 12 -17 11 -15POLYURETHANS 0.17-0.22 12 -17 11-15
POLIURETANOSPOLYURETHANS
GRADO 0.34- -0.45 17 -23 14 -18" ELASTOMERICO GRADE 0.34- -0.45 17 -23 14 -18 " ELASTOMERICO
PCT/MX2008/000047 2008-04-04 2008-04-04 Synthesis of a prepolymer of saponified polyamide resin in emulsion, designed as an additive for the transformation of thermoplastics and elastomers in processes with or without torque WO2009123430A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992015634A1 (en) * 1991-03-04 1992-09-17 Union Camp Corporation Stable polyamide resin dispersions and methods for the manufacture thereof
US6576695B1 (en) * 1997-09-02 2003-06-10 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Thermoplastic resin composition comprising polyglycerin fatty acid esters, and resin molded article obtained therefrom

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992015634A1 (en) * 1991-03-04 1992-09-17 Union Camp Corporation Stable polyamide resin dispersions and methods for the manufacture thereof
US6576695B1 (en) * 1997-09-02 2003-06-10 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Thermoplastic resin composition comprising polyglycerin fatty acid esters, and resin molded article obtained therefrom

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
OKAMURA A. ET AL.: "Synthesis and properties of novel biodegradable polyamides containing alpha-amino acids", POLYMER, vol. 43, 2002, pages 3549 - 3554, XP002475791, DOI: doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00111-8 *

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