WO2010067564A1 - 熱可塑性エラストマー組成物 - Google Patents
熱可塑性エラストマー組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010067564A1 WO2010067564A1 PCT/JP2009/006647 JP2009006647W WO2010067564A1 WO 2010067564 A1 WO2010067564 A1 WO 2010067564A1 JP 2009006647 W JP2009006647 W JP 2009006647W WO 2010067564 A1 WO2010067564 A1 WO 2010067564A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L53/02—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
- C08L53/025—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes modified
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/04—Thermoplastic elastomer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermoplastic elastomer composition. More specifically, the present invention relates to an olefinic thermoplastic elastomer composition.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition by so-called dynamic cross-linking, in which a resin having no radical cross-linkability such as polypropylene (PP) and a cross-linkable elastomer is cross-linked while being melt-kneaded in an extruder in the presence of a radical initiator, Widely used in machine parts.
- a resin having no radical cross-linkability such as polypropylene (PP)
- a cross-linkable elastomer is cross-linked while being melt-kneaded in an extruder in the presence of a radical initiator, Widely used in machine parts.
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene rubber
- a composition obtained by dynamically crosslinking hydrogenated rubber is also known (see Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4).
- a thermoplastic elastomer composition using a hydrogenated product of a copolymer of an olefin resin, a vinyl aromatic compound, and a conjugated diene compound is disclosed (see Patent Documents 5 and 6).
- the olefin elastomer composition produced from ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) does not have sufficient scratch resistance and wear resistance.
- a composition dynamically crosslinked using a hydrogenated rubber does not have sufficient low temperature characteristics.
- the thermoplastic elastomer composition not only has excellent mechanical properties, scratch resistance, and wear resistance, but also has excellent flexibility and low temperature characteristics.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic elastomer composition excellent in flexibility, mechanical properties, scratch resistance, wear resistance, and low temperature characteristics.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition of the present invention is as follows. [1] (A) an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer containing ethylene units and ⁇ -olefin units having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and (B) a conjugated diene monomer unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition having a mass ratio ((A) / (B)) of (A) to (B) of 20/80 to 75/25.
- thermoplasticity according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the mass ratio ((A) / (B)) between (A) and (B) is 25/75 to 60/40.
- Elastomer composition [7] The thermoplastic elastomer composition according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the content of (C) is 10 to 50 parts by mass relative to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A) and (B). object.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition according to any one of [1] to [9], further containing a softening agent.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition excellent in flexibility, mechanical properties, scratch resistance, wear resistance, and low temperature characteristics can be provided.
- the present embodiment a mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “the present embodiment”) will be described in detail.
- the following embodiments are exemplifications for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the following contents.
- the present invention can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the gist thereof.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition of the present invention is (A) an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer containing an ethylene unit and an ⁇ -olefin unit having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and (B) a conjugated diene monomer unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit.
- a total of 100 parts by mass of a copolymer having at least one hydrogenated copolymer block (C) 5 to 70 parts by mass of a hydrogenated block copolymer having at least one conjugated diene monomer unit block and at least one vinyl aromatic monomer unit block, (D) 20 to 150 parts by mass of an olefin resin, A crosslinked olefin-based elastomer composition having a mass ratio ((A) / (B)) of (A) to (B) of 20/80 to 75/25.
- Component (A) is an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer containing an ethylene unit and an ⁇ -olefin unit having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the component (A) can be obtained by copolymerizing at least ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms include propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, hexene-1, 4-methylpentene-1, heptene-1, octene-1, nonene-1, and decene-1. , Undecene-1, dodecene-1, and the like.
- ⁇ -olefins having 3 to 12 carbon atoms are preferable, and propylene, butene-1, and octene-1 are more preferable.
- the monomer which has an unsaturated bond can be copolymerized with a component as needed.
- the monomer having an unsaturated bond include conjugated diolefins such as butadiene and isoprene, non-conjugated diolefins such as 1,4-hexadiene; cyclic diene compounds such as dicyclopentadiene and norbornene derivatives; and acetylenes. preferable.
- conjugated diolefins such as butadiene and isoprene
- non-conjugated diolefins such as 1,4-hexadiene
- cyclic diene compounds such as dicyclopentadiene and norbornene derivatives
- acetylenes preferable.
- ethylidene norbornene (ENB) and dicyclopentadiene (DCP) are more preferable from the viewpoint of flexibility.
- the Mooney viscosity (ML) measured at 100 ° C. of the component (A) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 150 ML, more preferably 50 to 120 ML, from the viewpoint of crosslinking reactivity and composition flexibility.
- the metallocene catalyst is composed of a cyclopentadienyl derivative of a group IV metal such as titanium or zirconium and a cocatalyst. It does not specifically limit as a metallocene catalyst, A well-known thing can be used.
- the metallocene catalyst is not only highly active as a polymerization catalyst, but also can narrow the molecular weight distribution of the resulting copolymer as compared to a Ziegler catalyst, and has 3 carbon atoms as a comonomer in the copolymer. The distribution of ⁇ -olefin of ⁇ 20 can be made uniform.
- the copolymerization ratio of the ⁇ -olefin in the component (A) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 60% by mass, more preferably 10 to 50% by mass, and 20 to 45% by mass. Is more preferable.
- the mechanical strength (tensile strength, etc.) and flexibility of the thermoplastic elastomer composition can be further improved.
- the density of the component (A) is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.8 to 0.9 g / cm 3 . By using the component (A) having a density in this range, a thermoplastic elastomer composition having further excellent flexibility can be obtained.
- the structure of the component (A) is not particularly limited, but preferably has a long chain branch.
- the long-chain branch means a branch having 3 or more carbon atoms.
- the density can be further reduced as compared with the copolymerization ratio (% by mass) of the copolymerized ⁇ -olefin without reducing the mechanical strength.
- a thermoplastic elastomer composition having a lower density and higher strength can be obtained.
- the olefin elastomer having a long chain branch is not particularly limited, and for example, an olefin elastomer described in US Pat. No. 5,278,272 can be used.
- the component (A) preferably has a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) melting point peak in a temperature range above room temperature.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- the melt index of the component (A) is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 100 g / 10 minutes (190 ° C., 2.16 kg load (0.212 Pa), conforming to ASTM D1238), and 0.2 to 10 g. A range of / 10 minutes is more preferable. By setting it as the melt index within the above range, a thermoplastic elastomer having a better balance between fluidity and mechanical strength can be obtained.
- the component (B) is a copolymer having at least one hydrogenated copolymer block mainly composed of a conjugated diene monomer unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit.
- the names of the monomer units constituting the copolymer are in accordance with the names of the monomers from which the monomer units are derived.
- “vinyl aromatic monomer unit” means a structural unit of a polymer resulting from polymerization of a vinyl aromatic compound as a monomer, and the structure thereof is substituted ethylene derived from a substituted vinyl group. It is a molecular structure in which the two carbons of the group are binding sites.
- conjugated diene monomer unit means a structural unit of a polymer produced as a result of polymerizing a monomer, conjugated diene, and its structure is the same as that of an olefin derived from a conjugated diene monomer. It is a molecular structure in which two carbons are binding sites.
- “mainly” means containing 60% by mass or more of monomer units in the copolymer, and preferably containing 80% by mass or more of monomer units.
- the content is more preferably 90% by mass or more, and further preferably 95% by mass or more.
- the vinyl aromatic monomer is, for example, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, 1,1-diphenylethylene, N, N-dimethyl-p-aminoethylstyrene.
- vinyl aromatic compounds such as N, N-diethyl-p-aminoethylstyrene. These may use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types. Among these, styrene is preferable from the viewpoint of economy.
- the conjugated diene is a diolefin having a pair of conjugated double bonds, such as 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene), 2,3-dimethyl. -1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene and the like.
- 1,3-butadiene and isoprene are preferable, and a diolefin mainly composed of 1,3-butadiene is more preferable from the viewpoint of mechanical strength.
- These may use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.
- the polymerization method of the component (B) is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used.
- Examples of the polymerization method for component (B) include Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-19286, Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-17879, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-32415, Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-36957, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-2423. Examples thereof include the methods described in JP-A-48-4106, JP-B-56-28925, JP-A-59-166518, JP-A-60-186777, and the like.
- the mass ratio of the conjugated diene monomer unit and the vinyl aromatic monomer unit in the hydrogenated copolymer block in the component (B) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 90:10 to 10:90, More preferably, it is 80:20 to 20:80, and still more preferably 70:30 to 30:70.
- the component (B) preferably contains 30% by mass or more of vinyl aromatic monomer units, more preferably contains 40% by mass or more, and 45% by mass. It is more preferable to contain at least%. Moreover, it is preferable to contain 90 mass% or less from a flexible viewpoint, and it is preferable to contain 80 mass% or less.
- the component (B) further preferably contains a block mainly composed of vinyl aromatic monomer units in an amount of 5% by mass or more from the viewpoint of mechanical strength and 50% by mass or less from the viewpoint of flexibility.
- the content is more preferably 35% by mass or less, and further preferably 13% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.
- the content of the vinyl aromatic compound polymer block in the copolymer of component (B) is determined by a method in which osmium tetroxide is used as a catalyst to oxidatively decompose the copolymer before hydrogenation with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (I. M. Kolthoff, et al., J. Polym. Sci.
- the component (B) includes a hydrogenated copolymer block mainly composed of a conjugated diene unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit, and a hydrogenated copolymer block mainly composed of a conjugated diene monomer unit. Also good. The boundaries and the extreme ends of each polymer block need not be clearly distinguished.
- the distribution mode of the vinyl aromatic monomer unit in each polymer block is not limited as long as the content of the vinyl aromatic compound is within the range, and may be uniformly distributed, tapered, stepped, It may be distributed in a convex shape or a concave shape. Further, a crystal part may be present in each polymer block.
- the distribution of vinyl units of conjugated diene units in each polymer block is not particularly limited, and the distribution may be biased.
- methods for controlling the distribution of vinyl units include a method of adding a vinylating agent during polymerization, a method of changing the temperature during polymerization, and the like.
- the distribution of the hydrogenation rate of the conjugated diene unit may be biased.
- a method of controlling the distribution of the hydrogenation rate a method of changing the distribution of vinyl units, copolymerization of isoprene and butadiene, and hydrogenation using the catalyst described below, isoprene units and butadiene units And a method utilizing the difference in hydrogenation rate between the two.
- the component (B) preferably contains 75 mol% or more of hydrogenated unsaturated bonds included in the conjugated diene unit before hydrogenation, % Or more is more preferable, and 97 mol% or more is more preferable.
- the hydrogenation catalyst is not particularly limited.
- a catalyst (2) a so-called Ziegler-type hydrogenation catalyst using a transition metal salt such as an organic acid salt such as Ni, Co, Fe, Cr or an acetylacetone salt and a reducing agent such as organic aluminum, (3) Ti, Ru,
- a homogeneous hydrogenation catalyst such as a so-called organometallic complex such as an organometallic compound such as Rh or Zr is used.
- Specific examples of the hydrogenation catalyst include Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-8704, Japanese Patent Publication No.
- the hydrogenation catalyst described in JP-B-2-9041 can be used.
- Preferred hydrogenation catalysts include mixtures with titanocene compounds and / or reducing organometallic compounds.
- the titanocene compound for example, compounds described in JP-A-8-109219 can be used.
- the titanocene compound for example, at least one ligand having a (substituted) cyclopentadienyl skeleton, indenyl skeleton or fluorenyl skeleton such as biscyclopentadienyl titanium dichloride or monopentamethylcyclopentadienyl titanium trichloride.
- a ligand having a (substituted) cyclopentadienyl skeleton, indenyl skeleton or fluorenyl skeleton such as biscyclopentadienyl titanium dichloride or monopentamethylcyclopentadienyl titanium trichloride.
- the compound which has the above is mentioned.
- the reducing organometallic compound include organic alkali metal compounds such as organolithium, organomagnesium compounds, organoaluminum compounds, organoboron compounds, and organozinc compounds.
- the peak temperature of the loss tangent (tan ⁇ ) of the component (B) is not particularly limited, but preferably has at least one peak at 40 ° C. or less from the viewpoint of flexibility, and ⁇ 25 ° C. from the viewpoint of wear resistance. It is preferable to have at least one peak as described above. This loss tangent can be measured using the viscoelasticity measuring device described in the examples described later.
- the vinyl content in the conjugated diene contained before hydrogenation in the component (B) is preferably 5 mol or more from the viewpoint of flexibility and scratch resistance, and 70 mol from the viewpoint of productivity, high elongation at break and scratch resistance. % Or less is preferable.
- the vinyl content in the conjugated diene is more preferably in the range of 10 mol% to 50 mol%, more preferably in the range of 10 mol% to 30 mol%, and still more preferably in the range of 10 mol% to 25 mol%.
- the vinyl content refers to 1,2-bond and 3,4 of the 1,2-bond, 3,4-bond, and 1,4-bond linkage modes of the conjugated diene before hydrogenation. -Means the percentage of those incorporated in the bond. The amount of vinyl bonds can be measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum analysis (NMR).
- a component may have a polar group as needed.
- polar groups include hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, thiocarbonyl groups, acid halide groups, acid anhydride groups, thiocarboxylic acid groups, aldehyde groups, thioaldehyde groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, amide groups, and sulfonic acids.
- the weight average molecular weight of the component (B) is preferably 50,000 or more from the viewpoint of scratch resistance, and is preferably 400,000 or less from the viewpoint of molding fluidity, and is in the range of 50,000 to 300,000. Is more preferable, and a range of 100,000 to 250,000 is more preferable. A smaller molecular weight distribution (weight average molecular weight / number average molecular weight) is preferred.
- the weight average molecular weight can be determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the conditions described in the examples.
- the mass ratio ((A) / (B)) of the content of the component (A) to the component (B) is 20/80 to 75/25. From the viewpoint of flexibility and scratch resistance, 25/75 to 60 / 40 is preferable.
- the component (C) is a hydrogenated product of a block copolymer having at least one conjugated diene monomer unit block and at least one vinyl aromatic monomer unit block.
- the “conjugated diene monomer unit” means a structural unit of a polymer resulting from polymerization of a conjugated diene as a monomer, and the structure thereof is a conjugated diene unit. It is a molecular structure in which two carbons of an olefin derived from a monomer are binding sites.
- Vinyl aromatic monomer unit means a structural unit of a polymer produced as a result of polymerizing a vinyl aromatic compound as a monomer, and its structure is that of a substituted ethylene group derived from a substituted vinyl group. It is a molecular structure in which two carbons are binding sites.
- the conjugated diene monomer is a diolefin having a pair of conjugated double bonds, such as 1,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene), 2,3-dimethyl-1, Examples include 3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, and 1,3-hexadiene. Preferably, 1,3-butadiene and isoprene are used. These may use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.
- vinyl aromatic monomer examples include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, divinylbenzene, 1,1-diphenylethylene, N, N-dimethyl-p-aminoethylstyrene, N, N-diethyl.
- vinyl aromatic compounds such as -p-aminoethylstyrene. These may use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types. Among these, styrene is preferable from the viewpoint of economy.
- the hydrogenated product of the block copolymer of the present embodiment is a hydrogenated product of a block copolymer having at least one conjugated diene monomer unit block and an aromatic vinyl monomer unit block.
- the hydrogenated product of this block copolymer represents a polymer block consisting of aromatic vinyl monomer units as “S”, and consists of conjugated diene monomer units and / or partially hydrogenated units thereof.
- the polymer block When the polymer block is represented by “B”, for example, it can be represented by the following formula; SB, S (BS) n1 (where n1 represents an integer of 1 to 3), A linear-block copolymer of S (BSB) n2 (where n2 represents an integer of 1 to 2), (SB) n3 X (where n3 represents an integer of 3 to 6.
- X represents a coupling agent residue such as silicon tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, or a polyepoxy compound).
- SB type 2 (di-block), SBS type 3 (tri-block), and SBSB type 4 (tetra-block) linear-block copolymers are more preferable.
- the content of the vinyl aromatic monomer unit in the component (C) is preferably 20 to 80% by mass or more from the viewpoint of low-temperature characteristics, mechanical strength, and oil retention, and 30 from the viewpoint of heat resistance and dispersibility. More preferable is 70% by mass or more.
- (C) It is preferable to hydrogenate 75 mol% or more of the unsaturated bond contained in the conjugated diene unit before hydrogenation from a heat resistant, aging resistant, and weather resistant viewpoint. 85 mol% or more is more preferable, and 97 mol% or more is more preferable.
- component (C) it is preferable to use two or more types of component (C), that is, two or more types of block copolymer hydrogenated substances in combination.
- component (C) at least one type is (C-1) the content of the vinyl aromatic monomer unit block is 20% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and at least one type is (C-2) The content of the vinyl aromatic monomer unit block is more than 50% by mass and 80% by mass or less.
- the component (C-1) contributes to the improvement of low temperature characteristics, and the component (C-2) acts as a compatibilizer for the crosslinked rubber component and the olefin component, and functions to increase the mechanical strength of the thermoplastic elastomer composition. .
- the component (C) is a component that is difficult to be crosslinked, more softening agent of the component (F) can be retained in the thermoplastic elastomer composition.
- the hydrogenation catalyst is not particularly limited, and for example, a supported heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst, a Ziegler type hydrogenation catalyst, a homogeneous hydrogenation catalyst such as an organometallic complex, etc. that can be used in the production of component (B) is used. be able to. Among these, a mixture with a titanocene compound and / or a reducing organometallic compound is preferable.
- the polymerization method of the block copolymer of the component (C) before hydrogenation is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used.
- Examples of the polymerization method include Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-19286, Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-17799, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-32415, Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-36957, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-2423, Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-.
- Examples include the methods described in Japanese Patent No. 4106, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-28925, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-166518, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-186777, and the like.
- the component (C) may have a polar group.
- polar groups include hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, thiocarbonyl groups, acid halide groups, acid anhydride groups, thiocarboxylic acid groups, aldehyde groups, thioaldehyde groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, amide groups, and sulfonic acids.
- the weight average molecular weight can be determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the conditions described in the examples.
- the content of the component (C) with respect to the total of 100 parts by mass of (A) and (B) is 5 to 70 parts by mass, preferably 10 to 50 parts by mass from the viewpoint of low temperature characteristics and flexibility. Further, it is preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass.
- a component is an olefin resin.
- propylene resins are preferred from the viewpoint of mechanical strength.
- Preferred propylene resins include, for example, isotactic polypropylene which is a homopolymer; isotactic copolymers (blocks) of propylene and other ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, butene-1, pentene-1, and hexene-1. Copolymer, random copolymer) and the like.
- the melt index of the olefin resin is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 100 g / 10 min (230 ° C., 2.16 kg load (0.212 MPa)).
- the heat resistance and mechanical strength of the thermoplastic elastomer composition can be further improved, and by setting the melt index to 0.1 g / 10 min or more, fluidity and molding processing are achieved.
- the sex can be further improved.
- the content of the component (D) is 20 to 150 parts by weight with respect to a total of 100 parts by weight of (A) and (B), and preferably 40 to 100 parts by weight from the viewpoint of low temperature characteristics and flexibility. It is. If it is less than 20 parts by mass, the molding fluidity of the thermoplastic elastomer composition is lowered, which is not preferable, and if it exceeds 150 parts by mass, the flexibility of the thermoplastic elastomer composition becomes insufficient.
- the thermoplastic elastomer composition of the present embodiment is cross-linked.
- the method for crosslinking is not particularly limited and is preferably crosslinked with a crosslinking agent.
- the crosslinking agent preferably contains a crosslinking initiator, and further contains a polyfunctional monomer or a monofunctional monomer as a crosslinking aid as necessary.
- content of a crosslinking initiator is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is less than 2 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of (D) olefin resin, and it is more preferable that it is less than 1.7 mass parts.
- the crosslinking initiator is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include radical initiators such as organic peroxides and organic azo compounds. Specific examples thereof include 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (t-hexylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (t-hexylperoxy) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclododecane, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 2,2-bis (t Peroxyketals such as -butylperoxy) octane, n-butyl-4,4-bis (t-butylperoxy) butane, n-butyl-4,4-bis (t-butylperoxy) valerate; -T-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, t-but
- 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, di-t-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexyne-3 are preferred.
- the polyfunctional monomer as the crosslinking aid preferably has a radical polymerizable functional group as the functional group, and more preferably a vinyl group.
- the number of functional groups may be two or more, and the combination with the monofunctional monomer is particularly effective when it has three or more functional groups.
- polyfunctional monomer examples include divinylbenzene, triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, diacetone diacrylamide, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
- ethylene glycol dimethacrylate triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diisopropenylbenzene, p-quinonedioxime, p, p'-dibenzoylquinonedioxime, phenylmaleimide, allyl methacrylate, N, N'- m-phenylene bismaleimide, diallyl phthalate, tetraallyloxyethane, 1,2-polybutadiene, etc.
- divinylbenzene and triallyl isocyanurate are more preferable.
- These polyfunctional monomers may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the monofunctional monomer as the crosslinking aid is preferably a radical polymerizable vinyl monomer.
- vinyl monomers include aromatic vinyl monomers, unsaturated nitrile monomers such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, acrylic acid ester monomers, methacrylic acid ester monomers, acrylic acid monomers, and methacrylic monomers. And acid monomers, maleic anhydride monomers, N-substituted maleimide monomers, and the like.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition further contains (E) a softening agent.
- a softening agent which consists of hydrocarbons, such as a paraffin type, a naphthene type, and an aromatic type, is preferable.
- naphthenic hydrocarbon-based process oils are preferable from the viewpoint of compatibility with paraffinic hydrocarbons or rubber.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon content in the process oil is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less in terms of the number of carbons in accordance with ASTM D2140-97. More preferably, it is 1% or less.
- the content of the component (E) is preferably 5 with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of (A), (B), (C), and (D) from the viewpoint of adjusting the hardness and flexibility of the composition.
- the thermoplastic elastomer composition preferably further contains (F) polyorganosiloxane.
- the structure of the polyorganosiloxane is not particularly limited, but is a polymer structure having a cross-linked structure such as a straight chain or a branched chain from the viewpoint of wear resistance and hand feeling, and has a kinematic viscosity (25 according to JIS-K2410). Is preferably 5000 centistokes (cSt) or more.
- Useful polyorganosiloxanes are generally polymers containing siloxane units substituted with alkyl groups, vinyl groups and / or aryl groups, with polydimethylsiloxanes substituted with methyl groups being more preferred.
- the content of the component (F) is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 100 parts by mass in total of (A), (B), (C), and (D). 0.0 to 10 parts by mass. Wearability can be improved by setting it as 0.1 mass part or more, and bleeding of polydimethylsiloxane can be suppressed more by setting it as 20 mass parts or less.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition can contain an inorganic filler and a plasticizer as long as the effect is not impaired.
- the inorganic filler used here include calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silica, carbon black, glass fiber, titanium oxide, clay, mica, talc, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide.
- the plasticizer include phthalic acid esters such as polyethylene glycol and dioctyl phthalate (DOP).
- DOP dioctyl phthalate
- Other additives such as organic and inorganic pigments, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, flame retardants, silicone oil, antiblocking agents, foaming agents, antistatic agents, antibacterial agents, etc. are also thermoplastic. It can be contained in the elastomer composition.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition For the production of the thermoplastic elastomer composition, a general method such as a Banbury mixer, a kneader, a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, etc. used for the production of ordinary resin compositions and elastomer compositions may be adopted. It can. Among these, a twin screw extruder is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of efficiently achieving dynamic crosslinking. The twin screw extruder can not only uniformly and finely disperse the components (A), (B), (C), and (D), but also promote the crosslinking reaction by adding other components. Can do. As a result, a thermoplastic elastomer composition can be continuously produced, which is preferable.
- a general method such as a Banbury mixer, a kneader, a single-screw extruder, a twin-screw extruder, etc. used for the production of ordinary resin compositions and elastomer composition
- thermoplastic elastomer composition of the present embodiment it is preferable to produce the thermoplastic elastomer composition through the following processing steps.
- the components (A), (B), (C), and (D) are thoroughly mixed and charged into the hopper of the extruder.
- the timing of addition of the crosslinking agent is not limited.
- the crosslinking agent may be added from the beginning together with the components (A), (B), (C), and (D), or a part of the crosslinking agent may be added in the middle of the extruder. May be added.
- the timing of adding the softener is not limited, and for example, it may be added from the middle of the extruder, or may be added separately at the beginning and midway. Even in this case, if necessary, a part of the crosslinking agent may be added from the middle of the extruder. Furthermore, it is also possible to mix and add an additive and a softening agent beforehand.
- the timing of adding the polyorganosiloxane is not limited, and may be added from the beginning, may be divided into the beginning and the middle, or may be added in the middle.
- the addition method of (F) is not particularly limited, and may be a method of adding a masterbatch containing organosiloxane at a high concentration in advance using any thermoplastic resin or elastomer.
- the component (A), the component (B), and the crosslinking agent undergo a crosslinking reaction, and at the same time, the olefinic resin of the component (D) undergoes a decomposition reaction with the crosslinking agent, thereby causing molding It can also improve the performance. From this viewpoint, it is preferable to use a radical decomposition type olefin resin as the component (D).
- a radical decomposition type olefin resin as the component (D).
- the pellets of the thermoplastic elastomer composition of the present embodiment are obtained by adding the softening agent and the like, and melt-kneading to sufficiently remove the crosslinking reaction and kneading and dispersing from the extruder. Can do.
- a biaxial shaft having a length L in the die direction with the raw material addition portion as a base point and L / D in the range of 5 to 100 (where D represents a barrel diameter).
- the method using an extruder is mentioned.
- the twin-screw extruder preferably has a plurality of supply portions including a main feed portion and a side feed portion that are different in distance from the tip portion.
- the twin-screw extruder has a kneading portion between the plurality of supply portions and between the tip portion and the supply portion at a short distance from the tip portion, and the length of the kneading portion.
- the twin screw extruder which is one of the manufacturing apparatuses that can be used in the present embodiment may be a twin screw same direction rotary extruder or a two screw different direction rotary extruder.
- the engagement of the screw there are a non-engagement type, a partial engagement type, and a complete engagement type, and any type may be used.
- a different direction rotation / partial meshing screw is preferred.
- a co-rotating and complete meshing screw is preferable.
- a co-rotating and fully meshing screw is preferred.
- the kneading degree M when kneading using a twin screw extruder more preferably satisfies the relationship of the following formula (1).
- the kneading degree M ( ⁇ 2/2) (L / D) D 3 (N / Q)
- L Extruder length in the die direction (mm) starting from the raw material addition part
- D Extruder barrel inner diameter (mm) starting from the raw material addition part
- D Extruder barrel inner diameter (mm)
- Q Discharge rate (kg / h)
- N Screw rotation speed (rpm).
- the degree of kneading M by setting the degree of kneading M to 10 ⁇ 10 6 or more, enlargement and aggregation of rubber particles can be prevented and a good appearance can be obtained, and M is set to 1000 ⁇ 10 6 or less. Thus, it is possible to prevent a decrease in mechanical strength due to an excessive shear force.
- the elastomer composition thus obtained can be made into various molded articles by an arbitrary molding method. Although it does not specifically limit as a shaping
- the thermoplastic elastomer composition of the present embodiment preferably has a JIS-A hardness of 60 to 90. Thereby, all of the flexibility, mechanical properties, scratch resistance, wear resistance, and low temperature characteristics can be further satisfied.
- the thermoplastic elastomer composition of the present embodiment preferably has a tensile elongation at ⁇ 30 ° C. of 80% or more. Thereby, it can become what was equipped with the more excellent low temperature characteristic.
- JNM-LA400 (trade name, manufactured by JEOL) is used as a measuring instrument, deuterated chloroform is used as a solvent, sample concentration is 50 mg / mL, observation frequency is 400 MHz, chemical shift standard is TMS (tetramethylsilane), pulse The measurement was performed under the conditions of a delay of 2.904 seconds, 64 scans, a pulse width of 45 °, and a measurement temperature of 26 ° C.
- Styrene polymer block content (Os value) The styrene polymer block content was determined using the copolymer before hydrogenation according to I.I. M. Kolthoff, et al. , J .; Polym. Sci. It was measured by the osmium tetroxide method described in 1,429 (1946). For the decomposition of the copolymer before hydrogenation, a 0.1 g / 125 mL tertiary butanol solution of osmic acid was used. The styrene polymer block content obtained here is referred to as “Os value”.
- Peak temperature of loss tangent (tan ⁇ ) The loss tangent (tan ⁇ ) peak temperature was determined by measuring a viscoelastic spectrum using a viscoelasticity measuring and analyzing apparatus (model DVE-V4, manufactured by Rheology). The measurement was performed under the conditions of a strain of 0.1% and a frequency of 1 Hz.
- Surface hardness Surface hardness (JIS-A hardness) was measured as an index of flexibility. Four sheets of 2 mm thickness were stacked and evaluated in an atmosphere of 23 ° C. according to JIS K7215.
- Mechanical properties In accordance with JIS K6251, the tensile strength at break (MPa) was evaluated in an atmosphere at 23 ° C.
- Low temperature properties The tensile elongation at break (%) was evaluated in an atmosphere of ⁇ 30 ° C. according to JIS K6251.
- the wear resistance of the molded product was evaluated using a Gakushin-type wear tester (AB-301 “COLOR FASTNESS RUBING TESTER” manufactured by Tester Sangyo Co., Ltd.). The measurement conditions are as follows. Temperature condition: Stroke under atmosphere at 23 ° C: 120mm Frequency: 1 reciprocation / 2 seconds load: 1 kg Friction material: 100% cotton cloth Kankin No. 3 (JIS L0803 compliant) was folded in three and attached. Contact area: 1 cm 2 The wear resistance was evaluated by measuring the number of reciprocations of friction until the embossed height of the surface skin of the molded product was reduced to 50%.
- ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer (1) Copolymer of ethylene and octene-1 (TPE-1) It was produced by a method using a metallocene catalyst described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-163088. The resulting copolymer had an ethylene / octene-1 composition ratio of 72/28 (mass ratio). (Hereinafter referred to as “TPE-1”.) (2) Ethylene / propylene / ethylidene norbornene (ENB) copolymer (TPE-2) It was produced by a method using a metallocene catalyst described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-163088. The composition ratio of ethylene / propylene / ENB of the obtained copolymer is 72/24/4 (mass ratio). (Hereinafter referred to as “TPE-2”.)
- the hydrogenated catalyst used in the hydrogenation reaction of component (B) and component (C) is It was prepared by the following method. Charge 1 L of dried and purified cyclohexane to a nitrogen-substituted reaction vessel, add 100 mmol of biscyclopentadienyltitanium dichloride, add an n-hexane solution containing 200 mmol of trimethylaluminum with sufficient stirring, and The reaction was performed for 3 days.
- the styrene content in the obtained copolymer was 70% by mass, the styrene polymer block content in the copolymer was 20% by mass, and the copolymer block (that is, conjugated diene monomer unit and The styrene content in the copolymer block mainly composed of vinyl aromatic monomer units) was 62.5% by mass, and the 1,2-bond units in butadiene were 16%.
- the above hydrogenation catalyst is added so as to be 100 ppm in terms of titanium per 100 parts by mass of the copolymer, and a hydrogenation reaction is performed at a hydrogen pressure of 0.7 MPa and a temperature of 75 ° C.
- a solution was obtained.
- Octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate was added to the resulting polymer solution as a stabilizer.
- the stabilizer was added in an amount of 0.3 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrogenated copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “HSBR-1”).
- the weight-average molecular weight of the obtained hydrogenated copolymer (HSBR-1) was 170,000, and the hydrogenation rate in the double bond of butadiene contained in the hydrogenated copolymer was 99%. It was confirmed that one of the tan ⁇ peaks obtained by viscoelasticity measurement was present at 12 ° C.
- HSBR-2 Batch polymerization was performed using a stirrer and a jacketed tank reactor (internal volume 10 L).
- An n-butyllithium initiator was prepared by previously adding TMEDA so that the number of moles of TMEDA was 0.25 times the number of moles of Li in n-butyllithium. Then, 6.4 L of cyclohexane and 75 g of styrene were added to the reactor, and then an n-butyllithium initiator was added so that the number of moles of Li in the n-butyllithium initiator was 10 mmol, and polymerization was performed at an initial temperature of 65 ° C. I let you.
- a cyclohexane solution (monomer concentration: 22% by mass) containing 470 g of butadiene and 380 g of styrene was continuously fed to the reactor at a constant rate over 60 minutes, and after the polymerization assembly, a cyclohexane solution containing 75 g of styrene ( A monomer concentration of 22% by mass) was added over 10 minutes to obtain a copolymer.
- the styrene content in the obtained copolymer was 53% by mass, the styrene polymer block content in the copolymer was 15% by mass, and the copolymer block (that is, conjugated diene monomer unit and The styrene content in the copolymer block mainly composed of vinyl aromatic monomer units) was 45% by mass, and the 1,2-bond units in butadiene were 23%.
- the above hydrogenation catalyst is added so as to be 100 ppm in terms of titanium per 100 parts by mass of the copolymer, and a hydrogenation reaction is performed at a hydrogen pressure of 0.7 MPa and a temperature of 75 ° C.
- a hydrogenation reaction is performed at a hydrogen pressure of 0.7 MPa and a temperature of 75 ° C.
- Octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate was added to the resulting polymer solution as a stabilizer.
- the stabilizer was added in an amount of 0.3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrogenated copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “HSBR-2”).
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained hydrogenated copolymer (HSBR-2) was 160,000, and the hydrogenation rate in the double bond of butadiene contained in the hydrogenated copolymer was 99%. It was also confirmed that one of the tan ⁇ peaks obtained by viscoelasticity measurement was present at ⁇ 11 ° C.
- the styrene content in the obtained copolymer was 35% by mass, and the 1,2-bond units in butadiene were 36%.
- the above hydrogenation catalyst is added so as to be 100 ppm in terms of titanium per 100 parts by mass of the copolymer, and a hydrogenation reaction is performed at a hydrogen pressure of 0.7 MPa and a temperature of 75 ° C.
- a solution was obtained.
- Octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate was added to the resulting polymer solution as a stabilizer.
- the stabilizer was added in an amount of 0.3 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrogenated block copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “SEBS-1”).
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained hydrogenated copolymer (SEBS-1) was 150,000, and the hydrogenation rate in the double bond of butadiene contained in the hydrogenated copolymer was 99%.
- n-butyllithium initiator was prepared beforehand by adding TMEDA so that the number of moles of TMEDA was 0.40 times the number of moles of Li in n-butyllithium. Then, 6.4 L of cyclohexane and 325 g of styrene were added to the reactor, an n-butyllithium initiator was added so that the number of moles of Li in the n-butyllithium initiator was 20 mmol, and polymerization was performed at an initial temperature of 65 ° C. .
- a cyclohexane solution containing 350 g of butadiene (monomer concentration of 22% by mass) was continuously fed to the reactor at a constant rate over 60 minutes.
- a cyclohexane solution containing 325 g of styrene (monomer concentration of 22 % By mass) was added over 10 minutes to obtain a copolymer.
- the styrene content in the obtained copolymer was 65% by mass, and the 1,2-bond units in butadiene were 40%.
- the above hydrogenation catalyst is added so as to be 100 ppm in terms of titanium per 100 parts by mass of the copolymer, and a hydrogenation reaction is performed at a hydrogen pressure of 0.7 MPa and a temperature of 75 ° C.
- a solution was obtained.
- Octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate was added to the resulting polymer solution as a stabilizer.
- the stabilizer was added in an amount of 0.3 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrogenated block copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “SEBS-2”).
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained hydrogenated copolymer (SEBS-2) was 50,000, and the hydrogenation rate in the double bond of butadiene contained in the hydrogenated copolymer was 99%.
- PP-2 Olefin resin
- PP-1 Polypropylene: manufactured by Sun Allomer Co., Ltd., homopolymer type (melt index at 230 ° C., 2.16 kg load condition: 0.5 g / 10 min, conforming to ASTM D1238)
- PP-2 Olefin resin
- E Paraffinic oil Diana Process Oil PW-90 (hereinafter referred to as “MO”) manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
- Cross-linking agent (i) Cross-linking initiator 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane (trade name Perhexa 25B) manufactured by NOF Corporation (hereinafter referred to as “POX”) (Ii) Polyfunctional monomer Trial isocyanurate (hereinafter referred to as “TAIC”) manufactured by Nippon Kasei Co., Ltd. Divinylbenzene (hereinafter referred to as “DVB”) manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- TAIC Polyfunctional monomer Trial isocyanurate
- DVD Divinylbenzene
- the elastomer composition thus obtained was compression molded at 200 ° C. to produce a sheet having a thickness of 2 mm.
- Various characteristics of the obtained sheet were evaluated.
- the sheet is injection molded at a cylinder temperature of 200 ° C., a flat plate having a leather texture on the front surface and a mirror surface on the back surface (MD direction length: 15 cm, TD direction length: 9 cm) ) was produced.
- This flat plate was cut into a 2.5 cm square and used as a sample.
- the abrasion resistance of the skin-textured surface of the sample was evaluated with a Gakushoku-type wear tester with two measurements (n number 2). Further, a sensory test was performed on the mirror surface on the back of the sample by touch feeling. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition of each example was excellent in flexibility, mechanical properties, scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, and low temperature characteristics.
- Table 2 in Comparative Example 1, it was confirmed at least that the scratch resistance and the wear resistance were not sufficient because the amount of the hydrogenated copolymer of the component (B) was small.
- Comparative Example 2 it was confirmed at least that the low temperature characteristics were not sufficient when the component (C) was not added. Furthermore, since the surface has stickiness, it is not preferable.
- Comparative Example 3 it was confirmed that when the amount of component (A) added was small, the wear resistance and low temperature characteristics were not sufficient, and the flexibility evaluated from the hardness was not sufficient.
- Comparative Example 4 it was confirmed that when the amount of component (D) added was large, the hardness was too high and the flexibility was not sufficient, and the scratch resistance and the low temperature characteristics were not sufficient. In Comparative Example 5, it was confirmed at least that the mechanical strength, scratch resistance, and wear resistance were not sufficient when the content of the component (D) was small. In Comparative Example 6, it was confirmed at least that the scratch resistance and the wear resistance were not sufficient when the amount of the hydrogenated product of the block copolymer (C) was large.
- thermoplastic elastomer composition according to the present invention can be widely used in applications including machine parts, electrical parts, cables, hoses, belts, toys, sundries, daily necessities, building materials, sheets, films and the like.
Abstract
Description
〔1〕
(A)エチレン単位と炭素数3~20のα-オレフィン単位とを含む、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体と、(B)共役ジエン単量体単位とビニル芳香族単量体単位とを主体とする水添共重合体ブロックを少なくとも1つ有する共重合体と、の合計100質量部に対し、
(C)共役ジエン単量体単位ブロックとビニル芳香族単量体単位ブロックとをそれぞれ少なくとも1つずつ有するブロック共重合体の水素添加物5~70質量部と、
(D)オレフィン系樹脂20~150質量部と、を含み、
前記(A)と前記(B)との質量比((A)/(B))が、20/80~75/25である、架橋された熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔2〕
前記(B)中のビニル芳香族単量体単位の含有量が、30~90質量%である〔1〕に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔3〕
前記(B)が、さらに、ビニル芳香族単量体単位を主体とするブロックを5~50質量%含有する〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔4〕
前記(B)のtanδピーク温度の少なくとも1つが、-25~40℃に存在する、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔5〕
前記(C)中のビニル芳香族単量体単位の含有量が、20~80質量%である〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔6〕
前記(A)と前記(B)との質量比((A)/(B))が、25/75~60/40である〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔7〕
前記(A)と前記(B)の合計100質量部に対する前記(C)の含有量が、10~50質量部である〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔8〕
(C)のブロック共重合体の水素添加物として、(C-1)ビニル芳香族単量体単位ブロックの含有量が20質量%以上50質量%以下である水素添加物と、(C-2)ビニル芳香族単量体単位ブロックの含有量が50質量%を超えて80質量%以下である水素添加物と、の少なくとも2種以上のブロック共重合体の水素添加物を併用する、〔1〕~〔7〕いずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔9〕
前記(D)が、プロピレン系樹脂である〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔10〕
(E)軟化剤を、さらに含有する〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔11〕
架橋剤により架橋されている、〔1〕~〔10〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔12〕
JIS-A硬度が60~90の範囲である、〔1〕~〔11〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
〔13〕
-30℃での引張伸度が80%以上である、〔1〕~〔12〕のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
(A)エチレン単位と炭素数3~20のα-オレフィン単位とを含むエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体と、(B)共役ジエン単量体単位とビニル芳香族単量体単位とを主体とする水添共重合体ブロックを少なくとも1つ有する共重合体と、の合計100質量部に対し、
(C)共役ジエン単量体単位ブロックとビニル芳香族単量体単位ブロックとをそれぞれ少なくとも1つずつ有するブロック共重合体の水素添加物5~70質量部と、
(D)オレフィン系樹脂20~150質量部と、を含み、
前記(A)と前記(B)との質量比((A)/(B))が、20/80~75/25である、架橋されたオレフィン系エラストマー組成物である。
(A)成分は、エチレン単位と炭素数3~20のα-オレフィン単位とを含むエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体である。(A)成分は、エチレン及び炭素数3~20のα-オレフィンを少なくとも共重合させることで得ることができる。炭素数3~20のα-オレフィンとしては、例えば、プロピレン、ブテン-1、ペンテン-1、ヘキセン-1、4-メチルペンテン-1、ヘプテン-1、オクテン-1、ノネン-1、デセン-1、ウンデセン-1、ドデセン-1等が挙げられる。これらの中で、柔軟性付与の観点から、炭素数3~12のα-オレフィンが好ましく、プロピレン、ブテン-1、オクテン-1がより好ましい。
(B)成分は、共役ジエン単量体単位とビニル芳香族単量体単位を主体とする水添共重合体ブロックを少なくとも一つ有する共重合体である。本実施の形態において、共重合体を構成する各単量体単位の命名は、該単量体単位が由来する単量体の命名に従っている。例えば、「ビニル芳香族単量体単位」とは、単量体であるビニル芳香族化合物を重合した結果生ずる、重合体の構成単位を意味し、その構造は、置換ビニル基に由来する置換エチレン基の二つの炭素が結合部位となっている分子構造である。また、「共役ジエン単量体単位」とは、単量体である共役ジエンを重合した結果生ずる、重合体の構成単位を意味し、その構造は、共役ジエン単量体に由来するオレフィンの二つの炭素が結合部位となっている分子構造である。
ビニル芳香族化合物重合体ブロックの含有量(質量%)=(水素添加前の共重合体中のビニル芳香族化合物重合体ブロックの質量/水素添加前の共重合体の質量)×100
(C)成分は、共役ジエン単量体単位ブロックとビニル芳香族単量体単位ブロックをそれぞれ少なくとも一つ有するブロック共重合体の水素添加物である。(B)成分の定義と同様に、「共役ジエン単量体単位」とは、単量体である共役ジエンを重合した結果生ずる、重合体の構成単位を意味し、その構造は、共役ジエン単量体に由来するオレフィンの二つの炭素が結合部位となっている分子構造である。「ビニル芳香族単量体単位」とは、単量体であるビニル芳香族化合物を重合した結果生ずる、重合体の構成単位を意味し、その構造は、置換ビニル基に由来する置換エチレン基の二つの炭素が結合部位となっている分子構造である。
SB、
S(BS)n1(ここで、n1は1~3の整数を表す。)、
S(BSB)n2(ここで、n2は1~2の整数を表す。)のリニア-ブロック共重合体、
(SB)n3X(ここで、n3は3~6の整数を表す。Xは四塩化ケイ素、四塩化スズ、ポリエポキシ化合物等のカップリング剤残基を表す。)。
これらの中でも、「B」部分を結合中心とする星状(スタ-)ブロック共重合体であることが好ましい。これらの中でも、SBの2型(di-block)、SBSの3型(tri-block)、SBSBの4型(tetra-block)のリニア-ブロック共重合体がより好ましい。
(D)成分は、オレフィン系樹脂である。オレフィン系樹脂の中でも、機械強度の観点から、プロピレン系樹脂が好ましい。好ましいプロピレン系樹脂としては、例えば、ホモポリマーであるアイソタクチックポリプロピレン;プロピレンとエチレン、ブテン-1、ペンテン-1、ヘキセン-1等の他のα-オレフィンとのアイソタクチック共重合体(ブロック共重合体、ランダム共重合体を含む)等が挙げられる。オレフィン系樹脂のメルトインデックスは、0.1~100g/10分(230℃、2.16kg荷重(0.212MPa))の範囲が好ましい。メルトインデックスを100g/10分以下とすることで、熱可塑性エラストマー組成物の耐熱性、機械的強度をより向上させることができ、0.1g/10分以上とすることで、流動性、成形加工性をより向上させることができる。
熱可塑性エラストマー組成物は、(E)軟化剤をさらに含有することが好ましい。軟化剤としては、特に限定されないが、パラフィン系、ナフテン系、芳香族系などの炭化水素からなるプロセスオイルが好ましい。これらの中でも、パラフィン系炭化水素主体、又はゴムとの相容性の観点から、ナフテン系炭化水素主体のプロセスオイルが好ましい。熱・光安定性の観点から、プロセスオイル中の芳香族系炭化水素の含有量は、ASTM D2140-97規定に準拠した炭素数比率で10%以下であることが好ましく、より好ましくは5%以下、さらに好ましくは1%以下である。
熱可塑性エラストマー組成物は、(F)ポリオルガノシロキサンをさらに含有することが好ましい。ポリオルガノシロキサンの構造としては、特に限定されないが、耐摩耗性や手触り感の観点から、直鎖状、分岐状等の架橋構造のポリマー構造であり、JIS-K2410規定に準拠した動粘度(25℃)が5000センチストークス(cSt)以上であることが好ましい。有用なポリオルガノシロキサンは、一般にアルキル基、ビニル基及び/又はアリール基により置換されたシロキサン単位を含むポリマーであり、メチル基により置換されたポリジメチルシロキサンがより好ましい。
(A)、(B)、(C)、及び(D)成分をよく混合し、押出機のホッパーに投入する。架橋剤の添加のタイミングは限定されず、例えば、(A)、(B)、(C)、及び(D)成分とともに当初から添加してもよいし、架橋剤の一部を押出機の途中から添加してもよい。さらに、(A)、(B)、(C)、及び(D)成分の一部を押出機の途中から添加してもよい。
10×106≦M≦1000×106・・・(1)
ここで、混練度M:(π2/2)(L/D)D3(N/Q)、
L:原料添加部を基点としてダイ方向の押出機長(mm)、
D: 押出機バレル内径(mm)、
Q:吐出量(kg/h)、
N:スクリュー回転数(rpm)、である。
(1)水素添加率(%)
核磁気共鳴スペクトル解析(NMR)により測定した。
(2)スチレン含有量、1,4-結合/1,2-結合単位、エチレン単位あるいはブチレン単位量 ビニル芳香族単量体単位、ブタジエンの1,4-結合単位及び1,2-結合単位、エチレン単位あるいはブチレン単位量は、核磁気共鳴スペクトル解析(NMR)により測定した。
スチレン重合体ブロック含有量は、水添前の共重合体を用いて、I.M.Kolthoff,et al.,J.Polym.Sci.1,429(1946)に記載の四酸化オスミウム酸法で測定した。水添前の共重合体の分解にはオスミウム酸の0.1g/125mL第3級ブタノール溶液を用いた。ここで得られるスチレン重合体ブロック含有量を「Os値」と称する。
ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーにより測定した。測定装置としてLC-10(島津製作所社製、商品名)、カラムとしてTSKgelGMHXL(4.6mmID×30cm)2本を使用し、溶媒としてテトラヒドロフラン(1.0mL/min)を使用し、オーブン温度40℃にて測定した。ポリスチレン換算分子量として重量平均分子量(Mw)、数平均分子量(Mn)及び分子量分布(Mw/Mn)を算出した。
粘弾性測定解析装置(型式DVE-V4、レオロジー社製)を用い、粘弾性スペクトルを測定することにより求めた。ひずみ0.1%、周波数1Hzの条件で測定した。
(6)表面硬度
柔軟性の指標として、表面硬度(JIS-A硬度)を測定した。2mm厚のシートを4枚重ねて、JIS K7215に準じ、23℃雰囲気下にて評価した。
(7)機械物性
JIS K6251に準じ、23℃雰囲気下にて引張破断強度(MPa)を評価した。
(8)低温特性
JIS K6251に準じ、-30℃雰囲気下にて引張破断伸度(%)を評価した。
先端の形状が10mm×1mmの長方形であり、重さが300gであるくさびを、高さ5cmからシートに落下させた。落下により生じたシートの傷を目視で観察した。評価は、以下の基準で行った。
優:極めて良好
良:良好
可:良好であるが、傷が目立つ
不可:傷つきが著しい
学振型摩耗試験機(テスター産業社製、AB-301 「COLOR FASTNESS RUBBING TESTER」)を用いて成形品の耐摩耗性を評価した。測定条件は以下の通りである。
温度条件:23℃雰囲気下
ストローク:120mm
周波数:1往復/2秒
荷重:1kg
摩擦物:綿布100% かなきん3号(JIS L0803準拠)三つ折りにして装着した。
接触面積:1cm2
成形品の表面皮のシボの高さが50%に減少するまでの摩擦往復回数を測定することで、耐摩耗性を評価した。
(A)エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体の製造
(1)エチレンとオクテン-1との共重合体(TPE-1)
特開平3-163088号公報に記載された、メタロセン触媒を用いた方法により製造した。得られた共重合体のエチレン/オクテン-1の組成比は、72/28(質量比)である。(以下、「TPE-1」と称する。)
(2)エチレン・プロピレン・エチリデンノルボルネン(ENB)共重合体(TPE-2)
特開平3-163088号公報に記載された、メタロセン触媒を用いた方法により製造した。得られた共重合体のエチレン/プロピレン/ENBの組成比は、72/24/4(質量比)である。(以下、「TPE-2」と称する。)
(1)水添触媒の調製
(B)成分及び(C)成分の水素添加反応に用いた水添触媒は下記の方法で調製した。
窒素置換した反応容器に乾燥、精製したシクロヘキサン1Lを仕込み、ビスシクロペンタジエニルチタニウムジクロリド100mmolを添加し、十分に攪拌しながらトリメチルアルミニウム200mmolを含むn-ヘキサン溶液を添加して、室温にて約3日間反応させた。
(HSBR-1)
攪拌装置及びジャケット付き槽型反応器(内容積10L)を使用して、バッチ重合を行った。予め、テトラメチルエチレンジアミン(TMEDA)のモル数が、n-ブチルリチウムのLiモル数の0.35倍モルとなるように添加してn-ブチルリチウム開始剤を調製した。そして、シクロヘキサン6.4L、スチレン100gを反応器に加えた後、n-ブチルリチウム開始剤のLiのmol数が9mmolとなるようにn-ブチルリチウム開始剤を添加し、初期温度65℃で重合させた。重合終了後、ブタジエン300gとスチレン500gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22質量%)を60分間かけて一定速度で連続的に反応器に供給し、重合終了後、スチレン100gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22質量%)を10分間かけて添加して共重合体を得た。
攪拌装置及びジャケット付き槽型反応器(内容積10L)を使用して、バッチ重合を行った。予めTMEDAのモル数が、n-ブチルリチウムのLiモル数の0.25倍モルとなるように添加してn-ブチルリチウム開始剤を調製した。そして、シクロヘキサン6.4L、スチレン75gを反応器に加えた後、n-ブチルリチウム開始剤のLiのモル数が10mmolとなるようにn-ブチルリチウム開始剤を添加し、初期温度65℃で重合させた。重合終了後、ブタジエン470gとスチレン380gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22質量%)を60分間かけて一定速度で連続的に反応器に供給し、重合集合後、スチレン75gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22質量%)を10分間かけて添加して共重合体を得た。
(SEBS-1)
攪拌装置及びジャケット付き槽型反応器(内容積10L)を使用して、バッチ重合を行った。予めTMEDAのモル数が、n-ブチルリチウムのLiモル数の0.30倍モルとなるように添加してn-ブチルリチウム開始剤を調製した。そして、シクロヘキサン6.4L、スチレン175gを反応器に加えた後、n-ブチルリチウム開始剤のLiのモル数が11mmolとなるようにn-ブチルリチウム開始剤を添加し、初期温度65℃で重合させた。重合終了後、ブタジエン650gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22質量%)を60分間かけて一定速度で連続的に反応器に供給し、重合終了後、スチレン175gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22質量%)を10分間かけて添加して共重合体を得た。
攪拌装置及びジャケット付き槽型反応器(内容積10L)を使用して、バッチ重合を行った。予め、TMEDAのモル数が、n-ブチルリチウムのLiモル数の0.40倍モルとなるように添加してn-ブチルリチウム開始剤を調製した。そして、シクロヘキサン6.4L、スチレン325gを反応器に加え、n-ブチルリチウム開始剤のLiのモル数が20mmolとなるようにn-ブチルリチウム開始剤を添加し、初期温度65℃で重合させた。重合終了後、ブタジエン350gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22質量%)を60分間かけて一定速度で連続的に反応器に供給し、重合終了後、スチレン325gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22質量%)を10分間かけて添加して共重合体を得た。
(PP-1)
ポリプロピレン:サンアロマー社製、ホモポリマータイプ(230℃、2.16kg荷重条件におけるメルトインデックス:0.5g/10分、ASTM D1238に準拠。)(以下、「PP-1」と称する。)
(PP-2)
ポリプロピレン:サンアロマー社製、ブロックコポリマータイプ(230℃、2.16kg荷重条件におけるメルトインデックス:0.35g/10分、ASTM D1238に準拠。)(以下、「PP-2」と称する。)
出光興産社製、ダイアナプロセスオイル PW-90(以下、「MO」と称する。)
(i)架橋開始剤
日本油脂社製、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシ)ヘキサン(商品名パーヘキサ25B)(以下、「POX」と称する。)
(ii)多官能単量体
日本化成社製、トリアリルイソシアヌレート(以下、「TAIC」と称する。)
和光純薬社製、ジビニルベンゼン(以下、「DVB」と称する。)
ジメチルシロキサン(東レダウコーニング社製、SH200) 60000cST(以下、「MSI」と称する。)
押出機として、バレル中央部にオイル注入口を有した2軸押出機(40mmφ、L/D=47、ここで、L:原料添加部を基点としてダイ方向の押出機長(mm)、D:押出機バレル内径)を用いた。スクリューとしては、注入口の前後に混練部を備えた2条スクリューを用いた。パラフィンオイル(MO)以外の表1に記載した原料を、表1に記載した組成比(質量部比)で一括混合した後、2軸押出機(シリンダー温度200℃)に定量フィーダーで導入した。引き続き、押出機の中央部にある注入口から、表1に記載した量(質量部比)のパラフィンオイル(MO)をポンプにより注入して、溶融押出を行い、エラストマー組成物を得た。
Claims (13)
- (A)エチレン単位と炭素数3~20のα-オレフィン単位とを含む、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体と、(B)共役ジエン単量体単位とビニル芳香族単量体単位とを主体とする水添共重合体ブロックを少なくとも1つ有する共重合体と、の合計100質量部に対し、
(C)共役ジエン単量体単位ブロックとビニル芳香族単量体単位ブロックとをそれぞれ少なくとも1つずつ有するブロック共重合体の水素添加物5~70質量部と、
(D)オレフィン系樹脂20~150質量部と、を含み、
前記(A)と前記(B)との質量比((A)/(B))が、20/80~75/25である、架橋された熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。 - 前記(B)中のビニル芳香族単量体単位の含有量が、30~90質量%である請求項1に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- 前記(B)が、さらに、ビニル芳香族単量体単位を主体とするブロックを5~50質量%含有する請求項1又は2に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- 前記(B)のtanδピーク温度の少なくとも1つが、-25~40℃に存在する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- 前記(C)中のビニル芳香族単量体単位の含有量が、20~80質量%である請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- 前記(A)と前記(B)との質量比((A)/(B))が、25/75~60/40である請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- 前記(A)と前記(B)の合計100質量部に対する前記(C)の含有量が、10~50質量部である請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- (C)のブロック共重合体の水素添加物として、(C-1)ビニル芳香族単量体単位ブロックの含有量が20質量%以上50質量%以下である水素添加物と、(C-2)ビニル芳香族単量体単位ブロックの含有量が50質量%を超えて80質量%以下である水素添加物と、の少なくとも2種以上のブロック共重合体の水素添加物を併用する、請求項1~7いずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- 前記(D)が、プロピレン系樹脂である請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- (E)軟化剤を、さらに含有する請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- 架橋剤により架橋されている、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- JIS-A硬度が60~90の範囲である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
- -30℃での引張伸度が80%以上である、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の熱可塑性エラストマー組成物。
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WO2013039220A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 架橋組成物、架橋組成物の製造方法、及び成形体 |
CN103797067A (zh) * | 2011-09-15 | 2014-05-14 | 旭化成化学株式会社 | 交联组合物、交联组合物的制造方法和成型体 |
JPWO2013039220A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-15 | 2015-03-26 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 架橋組成物、架橋組成物の製造方法、及び成形体 |
KR101615832B1 (ko) | 2011-09-15 | 2016-04-26 | 아사히 가세이 케미칼즈 가부시키가이샤 | 가교 조성물, 가교 조성물의 제조 방법, 및 성형체 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2365031A4 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
EP2365031B1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
EP2365031A1 (en) | 2011-09-14 |
CN102245697A (zh) | 2011-11-16 |
US8722799B2 (en) | 2014-05-13 |
CN102245697B (zh) | 2013-08-07 |
US20110281994A1 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
TW201026765A (en) | 2010-07-16 |
JPWO2010067564A1 (ja) | 2012-05-17 |
TWI445752B (zh) | 2014-07-21 |
JP5681491B2 (ja) | 2015-03-11 |
ES2618779T3 (es) | 2017-06-22 |
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