WO2010128079A1

WO2010128079A1 - Multi-function evolutive monobloc dental implant

Info

Publication number: WO2010128079A1
Application number: PCT/EP2010/056099
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gérard Scortecci
Original assignee: Scortecci Gerard
Priority date: 2009-05-06
Filing date: 2010-05-05
Publication date: 2010-11-11
Also published as: FR2945204B1; FR2945204A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dental implant comprising - an anchoring pole (1) provided with a thread and designed to be buried in the jaw bone, - an external prosthetic pole (3) arranged in the upper section of the anchoring pole (1), characterised in that the prosthetic pole (3) comprises: - a base portion (4) surmounting the anchoring pole (1) and having first means of fixing by screwing of a first dental device, - a head portion (6) having second means of fixing a second dental device. The invention also relates to a dental implant comprising a stage of dissociation of the base portion (4) and the head portion (6) from the prosthetic pole (3) in the separation zone (8). The invention is intended for use in dental surgery and in the field of orthodontics.

Description

MULTI-FUNCTION EVOLUTIVE MONOBLOC DENTAL IMPLANT

The present invention relates to a multi-functional evolutive dental implant.

Its intended application is in the field of dental surgery, particularly for the fitting of dentures in edentate patients. The implant according to the invention may also be used in orthodontic treatments.

Currently dental practitioners have at their disposal several types of implants adapted to the different biological conditions that can be found and to the different desired prostheses.

Moreover, there are cylindrical, conical, mixed, microthreaded, macrothreaded implants and implants with prosthetic poles of different shapes: in particular, with a spherical prosthetic anchorage of the Dalbo® type (registered trademark), or with screwed prosthetic anchorage.

Before fitting the implant the practitioner must determine the type of dental prosthetic device to be used. Once this choice has been made, only one type of prosthesis may be used. Similarly it is sometimes necessary, during the surgical procedure, to provide orthodontic treatment, prior to the implant insertion stage, that enables the occlusion or the positioning of the surrounding teeth to be adjusted, for example. The practitioner must therefore equip the patient with an orthodontic device, then fit the implant. This succession of stages extends the treatment time and hence the period of discomfort for the patient, who remains without a final dental prosthesis.

There is therefore a need to propose a dental implant which remedies all or some of these disadvantages to allow the practitioner a greater flexibility of use and greater comfort for the patient.

For this purpose the present invention relates to a dental implant comprising an anchorage pole and a prosthetic pole comprising first and second means of fixing a first and a second dental device respectively.

The first fixing means are arranged on a base portion of the prosthetic pole and interact, by screwing, with a first dental device. Whilst the second fixing means are arranged on a head portion of the prosthetic pole and interact with a second dental device, preferably by a sphere.

The implant according to the invention therefore allows the fixing of different types of dental devices. According to an advantageous embodiment in which the implant according to the invention is in one piece, the head portion may be dissociated from the base portion in a separation zone. The dissociation is preferably achieved by sectioning in the separation zone. This dissociation enables a first dental device to be fixed to the first fixing means of the base portion without this first dental device interacting with the second fixing means of the head portion.

Moreover, the head portion, preferably spherical, comprises at least one transverse hole that can be used for the orthodontic treatments.

The implant according to the invention may therefore be used with all types of prosthetic options and even in the field of orthodontics. Other objectives and advantages will become apparent in the course of the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Before this the reader is reminded that the present invention relates to a dental implant comprising: - an anchoring pole provided with a thread designed to be buried in the jaw bone,

- an external prosthetic pole arranged in the upper section of the anchoring pole, characterised in that the prosthetic pole comprises: a base portion surmounting the anchoring pole and comprising first means of fixing a first dental device by screwing,

- a head portion comprising second means of fixing a second dental device.

According to the preferred but non-exhaustive variants, the implant according to the invention is such that:

- the implant is in one piece,

- the prosthetic pole comprises a separation zone designed to allow the dissociation of the head portion from the base portion.

- the separation zone has a cross-section that is smaller than the cross- section of the base portion.

- the separation zone has a cylindrical cross-section.

- the separation zone has a smooth external surface.

- the ratio of the cross-sections of the separation zone and the base portion is between 0.55 and 0.95. - the head section is spherical.

- the head portion comprises at least one transverse hole.

- the prosthetic pole comprises an anti-rotational section.

- the anti-rotational section is octagonal in shape with alternating sides of short and long length. - the anti-rotational zone is arranged between the head portion and the base portion.

- the anti-rotational zone is arranged between the head portion and the separation zone.

- the base portion surmounts a conical section of the threaded anchoring pole diverging in the direction of the prosthetic pole.

- the thread is a microthread. - the cross-section of the first means of fixing, by screwing, of the base portion is smaller than the upper section of the cone trunk of the conical section of the anchoring pole.

- the conical section of the anchoring pole forms in its upper section a bottom stop for screwing the first dental device to the first fixing means of the base portion.

- it comprises a means of transforming the first fixing means of the base portion with a outer thread to one with a inner thread.

The invention also relates to a method of transforming a dental implant, as previously described, comprising a stage for dissociation of the base portion and head portion of the prosthetic pole in the separation zone.

According to one variant, the method is such that it also comprises a stage for the transformation of the first means of fixing a transformation means, by screwing, to the said first fixing means. The attached drawings are provided by way of examples, and are not exhaustive drawings of the invention. They merely represent one embodiment of the invention and will enable it to be easily understood.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the implant.

Figure 2 shows, in its right section, a general view of the implant, whilst the left section shows a longitudinal section of it.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of the envelope of the implant.

Figure 4 shows an elevation from the upper end of the implant.

Figure 5 shows the means of transformation of the implant.

The dental implant according to the invention may, by way of example, belong to the family of mini-implants and/or temporary implants and/or classic implants.

The implant according to the invention is preferably intended to be inserted in an essentially axial direction according to the height of the jaw bone at a receiving site in a patient awaiting a dental prosthesis. It performs a helical movement during its insertion.

Lower end 19 of the implant is understood to be the end that first penetrates the receiving bed of the bone and is buried at the greatest depth in the jaw bone. Conversely, upper end 20 of the implant is that that lies closest to the surface of the receiving bed of the bone.

The implant is advantageously manufactured from titanium with neither a weld nor an addition. The implant according to the invention comprises principally two poles: an anchoring pole 1 surmounted by a prosthetic pole 3. Anchoring pole 1 is designed to be buried in the jaw bone, whilst prosthetic pole 3 is designed to be outside the jaw bone to interact with prosthetic or orthodontic dental devices.

Anchoring pole 1 consists advantageously of several sections. Anchoring pole 1 comprises first of all, at lower end 19, a self-drilling section 17. This self- drilling section 17 comprises cutting edges that are advantageously three in number, more precisely arranged at an angle of 120° to each other. This self- drilling section 17 facilitates the introduction of the implant in the receiving bed, shaping it. The orientation of these cutting edges feed the debris and irrigation fluids to the outside of the hole in the receiving bed, thus avoiding any jamming. Advantageously, self-drilling section 17 is essentially conical in shape, the apex of the cone being directed towards lower end 19 of the implant, i.e. self-drilling section 17 is of a shape that diverges in the direction of upper end 20 of the implant. An anchoring section 1 8 surmounts self-drilling section 17. This anchoring section 18 is preferably cylindrical in shape.

Advantageously, self-drilling section 17 and anchoring section 18 are provided with a thread. This thread is preferably of the type macrothread 2. Macrothread 2 enables the receiving bed to be attached and generates a slight compression of the jaw bone, allowing the implant to be correctly wedged and anchored.

By way of example, macrothread 2 has a pitch of the order of 0.70 millimetre to 1 millimetre, and a thread flank angle of between 20° and 40°, preferably a pitch of 0.84 millimetre and a thread flank angle of 30°. The depth of the thread is preferably between 200 micrometres and 400 micrometres, advantageously of the order of 300 m icrometres . Macrothread 2 is advantageously of the symmetrical trapezoidal type. The outermost section of anchoring pole 1 , i.e. preferably surmounting anchoring section 18, and connected to prosthetic pole 3, consists of a conical section 13. This conical section 13 is advantageously provided with a thread, preferably of the type microthread 14. Conical section 13 diverges in the direction of upper end 20 of the implant. It plays mainly the role of a stop limiting the axial displacement of the implant towards the base of the jaw bone. It prevents all undesirable penetration of the implant. Moreover, microthread 14, combined with the divergent conical shape, allows a slight crestal distraction generating compression of the implant in the jaw bone. The mechanical fixing of the implant is substantially improved. Moreover, microthread 14 stimulates the bone regeneration, which accelerates bone reconstruction by presenting a surface suitable for the development of the bone cells.

Microthread 14 preferably has a pitch of the order of 0.10 millimetre to 0.20 millimetre and a thread flank angle of between 50° and 70°, advantageously a pitch of 0.15 millimetre for a thread flank angle of 60°. The depth of the thread is preferably between 50 micrometres and 130 micrometres, advantageously of the order of 100 micrometres.

In the same way as for macrothread 2, microthread 14 is advantageously of the symmetrical trapezoidal type. It is preferable for the diameters of the section with macrothread 2 and of the section with microthread 14 to be in continuity. Similarly, it is advantageous for macrothread 2 to be extended by microthread 14. Therefore the penetration of the implant in the jaw bone is continuous and regular.

Prosthetic pole 3 surmounting anchoring pole 1 comprises at least two portions: a base portion 4 and a head portion 6. Base portion 4, as its name suggests, is located at the base of prosthetic pole 3, i.e. it advantageously and directly surmounts anchoring pole 1. Similarly, head portion 6 is located at upper end 20 of the implant.

Base portion 4 comprises first means of fixing 5 of a dental device by screwing. These first fixing means 5 are preferably a thread formed on at least one section of the height of base portion 4, and advantageously over the entire height of base portion 4. The first dental device, designed to interact with these first fixing means 5, are preferably of the type comprising internal screwing means capable of interacting with the external thread of base portion 4.

Head portion 6 surmounting base portion 4 comprises second fixing means 7 of a second dental device. First and second fixing means 5, 7 are usefully of different types.

Therefore, since first fixing means 5 are screw fixing means, second fixing means 7 are not of the screw fixing type but of the clip fixing type, for example.

Advantageously head section 6 is spherical in shape, preferably of the

Dalbo® type (registered trademark). This head section 6 is designed to receive detachable prostheses fixed by clipping to the sphere (sphere is understood to be a spherical portion) of head section 6. Head section 6 may also be used for fixing a sealed fixed prosthesis.

According to an advantageous embodiment, head section 6 comprises at least one transverse hole 9. This transverse hole 9 allows the passage of an orthodontic device such as orthodontic wires for positioning the surrounding teeth or for the fixing of other dental devices.

The implant according to the invention preferably comprises, between head portion 6 and base portion 4, an anti-rotational section 10. The purpose of this anti-rotational section 10 is to interact with means for the rotational driving of the implant. Classically, rotary driving means connected to a reducing counter-angle and a micro motor are fixed to the implant in that anti-rotational section 10 to facilitate the insertion of the implant in the jaw bone.

According to a preferred embodiment, anti-rotational section 10 is polygonal in shape, more precisely octagonal. As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the octagon of anti-rotational section 10 is irregular, with alternating small sides 11 and large sides 12. Advantageously, all small sides 11 have the same length and all the large sides 12 have the same length.

The dental implant according to the invention is preferably single block, i.e. it consists of a single piece, a single support. Prosthetic pole 3 also comprises a separation zone 8 intended for the dissociation of head portion 6 relative to base portion 4, and hence the rest of the implant, i.e. anchoring pole

1. Advantageously, this separation zone 8 surmounts base portion 4. This separation zone 8 enables the dental implant, with spherical emergence of the Dalbo® type, for example, to be transformed into a standard dental implant.

According to the embodiment comprising an anti-rotational section 10, separation zone 8 is arranged between base portion 4 and anti-rotational section 10. Thus if head portion 6 is dissociated from the rest of the implant, anti-rotational section 10 is also dissociated from base portion 4. Only base portion 4, provided with first fixing means 5, remains present at prosthetic pole 3. The first dental device may interact with first fixing means 5 without being limited by the other section of prosthetic pole 3. This separation zone 8 preferably has a cross-section smaller than the cross-section of base portion 4, more precisely, smaller than the cross-section of first fixing means 5, i.e. the thread. The ratio of the cross-section of separation zone 8 to the cross-section of base portion 4 is preferably between 0.55 millimetre and 0.95 millimetre and in particular of the order of 0.83 millimetre.

Separation zone 8 also has a cross-section lower than the largest cross- section of anti-rotational section 10.

This configuration of the implant facilitates the location of separation zone 8 and hence the work of the practitioner in dissociating head portion 6 from base portion 4. In order to further improve the visibility of this separation zone 8, it is advantageous for it to have a smooth outer surface and for it to have a cylindrical cross-section, for example. The practitioner will therefore quickly locate the smooth zone, not comprising any relief, between head portion 6, or anti-rotational section 10, and base portion 4, comprising a thread. This separation zone 8 is preferably of sufficient height to allow the passage of a sectioning tool such as a saw, a cutter etc., making dissociation possible.

The implant may include an indicator of the positioning of the first dental device on first fixing means 5. For this purpose a bottom screwing stop 15 is advantageously formed by the demarcation between conical section 13 of anchoring pole 1 and base portion 4 of prosthetic pole 3. For this, the cross- section of base portion 4 is smaller than the cross-section of conical portion 13 at its junction with prosthetic pole 3, more precisely with base portion 4. More specifically, it is the cross-section of first fixing means 5 which is smaller than the cross-section of the thread of conical portion 13 at its junction with prosthetic pole 3, more precisely with base portion 4, i.e. in its highest section.

This configuration enables an axial stop surface to be created with limits the displacement of the first dental device in the direction of end 19 of the implant. Moreover, since this bottom screwing stop 15 is advantageously located at the junction between anchoring pole 1 and prosthetic pole 3, it is therefore positioned at the interface between the interior of the jaw bone and the exterior of the jaw bone. The first dental device fixed to first fixing means 5 are then in contact with the crestal surface of the jaw bone, thereby limiting the risks of penetration of undesirable debris, food, etc. between the dental device and the implant.

Moreover, the dental device comes into contact with bottom screwing stop 15, thereby constituting a type of joint that also limits the ingress of detritus, food or other undesirable elements between the implant and the dental device.

The ratio of the cross-section of first fixing means 5 of base portion 4 to the cross-section of the thread of conical portion 13 of anchoring pole 1 , in its highest section, is preferably between 0.65 millimetre and 0.95 millimetre, advantageously of the order of 0.94 millimetre. When the implant is used as shown in Figures 1 to 3, i.e. comprising head portion 6, the dental device fixed to the implant according to the invention interacts mainly with second fixing means 7, i.e. with head portion 6, and in particular the spherical portion.

According to one possibility, the dental device may also interact with first fixing means 5 in base portion 4. This possibility provides greater stabilisation of the dental device by blocking its last degree of freedom. Moreover, the dental device advantageously overlaps the entire prosthetic pole 3 so that it comes into contact with screwing stop 15, and hence the crestal surface of the jaw bone, to prevent the intrusion of undesirable elements between the implant and the dental device.

According to another possibility, the implant according to the invention is transformed by the practitioner to enable a first dental device to be fixed solely to first fixing means 5. The method of transformation of the implant incorporates a stage of dissociation of prosthetic pole 3 in separation zone 8. The practitioner sections prosthetic pole 3 in separation zone 8 by means of sectioning tools such as a cutter, a saw, etc. The implant obtained then comprises anchoring pole 1 , preferably surmounted only by base portion 4.

In order to adapt first fixing means 5 of base portion 4 to the classic dental device, a transformation means 16 is preferably arranged on base portion 4. This transformation means 16 is advantageously of the transformation ring type, as shown in Figure 5, comprising at its lower end 21 an inner thread designed to interact with the outer thread of first fixing means 5 of base portion 4. Transformation means 16 comprises, at its upper end 22, an inner thread designed to interact with the outer thread of a dental prosthetic device.

Transformation means 16 preferably has a height that exceeds the height of base portion 4. Transformation means 16 may also incorporate, at its upper end 22, an inner hexagon, or other anti-rotational shape, capable of interacting with driving means for positioning transformation means 16 on base portion 4 of the implant.

This transformation means 16 enables transforming the implant with a outer screw thread into an implant with a inner screw thread capable of receiving all the prosthetic options. For example, a conversion pillar capable of receiving all the current standard components (transfer, preform, dummy, etc.).

Where the dental implant according to the invention is of the mini-implant type, this transformation enables a mini-implant to be transformed into an implant having an emergence equivalent to that of a large diameter implant that can be used for any prosthetic situation.

An advantageous example of a selection of dimensions is given below:

- Diameter of anchoring section 18 on macrothread 2: 2.8 millimetres.

- Diameter of conical section 13 on microthread 14 in its highest section: 3.2 millimetres.

- Height of conical section 13: 1.5 millimetres.

- Diameter of base portion 4 in first fixing means 5: 3 millimetres.

- Height of base portion 4: 1.9 millimetres. - Diameter of separation zone 8: 2.5 millimetres.

- Height of separation zone : 0.3 millimetre

- Largest cross-section of anti-rotational section 10: 2.65 millimetres

- Smallest cross-section of anti-rotational section 10: 2.3 millimetres

- Height of anti-rotational portion 10: 0.9 millimetre

- Height of head portion 6: 2.7 millimetres.

REFERENCES

1. Anchoring pole

2. Macrothread 3. Prosthetic pole

4. Base portion

5. First fixing means

6. Head portion

7. Second fixing means 8. Separation zone

9. Transverse hole

10. Anti-rotational section

11. Small sides

12. Large sides 13. Conical section of the anchoring pole

14. Microthread

15. Bottom screwing stop

16. Transformation means

17. Self-drilling section 18. Anchoring section of the anchoring pole

19. Lower end of the implant

20. Upper end of the implant

21. Lower end of the transformation means

22. Upper end of the transformation means

Claims

1. A dental implant comprising

- anchoring pole (1 ) provided with a thread and designed to be buried in the jaw bone,

- an outer prosthetic pole (3) arranged in the upper section of the anchoring pole (1 ), characterised in that the prosthetic pole (3) comprises:

- a base portion (4) surmounting the anchoring pole (1 ) and having first means (5) for fixing a first dental device by screwing,

- a spherical head portion (6) having second means (7) for fixing a second dental device.

2. The implant according to Claim 1 , wherein the implant is a single piece.

3. The implant according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the prosthetic pole (3) comprises a separation zone (8) designed to allow the dissociation of the head portion (6) from the base portion (4).

4. The implant according to Claim 3, wherein the separation zone (8) has a smaller cross-section than the cross-section of the base portion (4).

5. The implant according to Claim 3 or 4, wherein the separation zone (8) has a cylindrical cross-section.

6. The implant according to any one of Claims 3 to 5, wherein the separation zone (8) has a smooth outer surface.

7. The implant according to any one of Claims 3 to 6, wherein the ratio of the cross-sections of the separation zone (8) and of the base portion (4) is between 0.55 and 0.95.

8. The implant according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the head portion (6) comprises at least one transverse hole (9).

9. The implant according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the prosthetic pole (3) comprises an anti-rotational section (10).

10. The implant according to Claim 9, wherein the anti-rotational section (10) is octagonal in shape, with alternating sides (1 1 , 12) of short and long length.

11. The implant according to Claim 9 or 10, wherein the anti-rotational zone (10) is arranged between the head portion (6) and the base portion (4).

12. The implant according to Claim 11 and 3, wherein the anti-rotational zone (10) is arranged between the head portion (6) and the separation zone (8).

13. The implant according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the base portion (4) surmounts a conical section (13) of the threaded anchoring pole (1 ) diverging in the direction of the prosthetic pole (3).

14. The implant according to Claim 13, wherein the thread is a microthread (14).

15. The implant according to Claim 13 or 14, wherein the cross-section of the first means of fixing (5) by screwing of the base portion (4) is smaller than the upper cross-section of the cone trunk of the conical section (13) of the anchoring pole (1 ).

16. The implant according to any one of Claims 13 to 15, wherein the conical section (13) of the anchoring pole (1 ) forms in its upper section a bottom screwing stop (15) of the first dental device on the first fixing means (5) of the base portion (4).

17. The implant according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a means of transformation (16) of the first fixing means (5) of the base portion (4) with an outer thread to one with an inner thread.

18. A method of transforming a dental implant according to Claims 3 and 17, comprising a stage of dissociation of the base portion (4) and of the head portion (6) from the prosthetic pole (3) in the separation zone (8).

19. The method accord ing to Claim 1 8, also comprising a stage of transformation of the first fixing means (5), by screwing a transformation means (16) to the first fixing means (5).