WO2010138266A2

WO2010138266A2 - Self-pressurizing sprayable systems

Info

Publication number: WO2010138266A2
Application number: PCT/US2010/032665
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter J. Lentini; Ismail A. Syed; Paul C. Tchinnis
Original assignee: Elc Management Llc
Priority date: 2009-05-26
Filing date: 2010-04-28
Publication date: 2010-12-02
Also published as: WO2010138266A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sprayable system comprising a container containing a self-generated propellant and a self-generated humectant in the dispensable product. The container is hermetically sealed with a discharge valve at the top. Reactants, water and alkylene carbonate, are present in the dispensable product and render the self-generated humectant and self-generated propellant. The self-generated components are reaction products of the hydrolysis reaction and produce the pressure for the self-pressurizing sprayable systems.

Description

SELF-PRESSURIZING SPRAYABLE SYSTEMS

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/180,938 filed on May 26, 2009.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to sprayable systems usable in a variety of compositions. More specifically, the invention relates to sprayable systems having a self-generated propellant and self-generated humectant as reaction products of a hydrolysis reaction.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Aerosols were invented around the time of 1926 by a Norwegian man, Erik Rotheim, who was seeking an improved method of applying wax to his skis as reported by the Aerosol Association of Australia Incorporated. A pressurized aerosol proved to be most effective. Not until some time after World War II did aerosol technology become popularized. A "bug bomb" had saved many United States soldiers from malaria infection during the Pacific War, and had begun to be stocked in war surplus stores. Today, aerosols are a widely available form of packaging that consumers find convenient, safe, and suitable for a variety of products. The aerosol can is used to dispense gels, foams, pastes, and most types of other liquids.

Aerosol cans function by filling a container with a product and fitting a valve to the can by crimping. This is a key step as the container needs to be sealed so that there is no leakage. Next, a propellant is injected under pressure through the valve. The propellant can be a liquefied gas, or a compressed gas. The liquefied gas propellant is present in both the liquid of the product and the head space, and causes an increased volume in the liquid of the product. On the other hand, the aerosol with compressed gas propellant is present in the head space of the container only, and therefore, the liquid volume is not increased. Typical propellants are liquefied petroleum gas, dimethyl ether, chlorofluorocarbons, non-soluble compressed gases, and soluble compressed gases (e.g., carbon dioxide). Liquefied propellants such as isobutane, butane and propane are natural organic products. A compressed gas such as carbon dioxide is used in products designed to deliver a coarse spray at close range, for example, house disinfectants. However, it has not been known to make a self-pressurizing sprayable system with a product that self-generates propellant and self generates a beneficial agent such as a humectant. In fact, propellants vulnerable to hydrolysis are not used in aqueous products. Sciarra, J. J., Ph.D., Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy (Volume II), Chapter 95, 1676, 1683 (Mack Printing Company, 1995)

There are many advantages to the use of aerosols. They have a long shelf life and the product contained therein is protected from contamination by bacteria or dust. The contents of the aerosol can also do not spill nor evaporate. Thus, generally speaking, the product does not change over the time it is used by the consumer. Finally, they are convenient to use and easy for the consumer to store. Notwithstanding all of its benefits, the manufacture of environmentally friendly aerosol-type systems has been a challenge. Thus, there remains a need to enhance sprayable systems so that they are easier to manufacture and are protective of the environment. The present invention achieves these goals and offers the features associated with typical aerosol cans for consumer products.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a sprayable system containing a hermetically sealed container which holds a dispensable product. A self-generated propellant and a self- generating humectant are produced by reactants present in the dispensable product. The term "self-generated" as used in conjunction with the propellant and the humectant, and as used in the present specification means that they are generated by the hydrolysis reaction from within the sprayable system. They are not injected or added as components of the sprayable system at the time of assembly other than indirectly by the provision of the reactants for the hydrolysis reaction.

The reactants are a propellant precursor and water. Unlike typical aerosol systems in which the product is dispensed by the release of pressure of the propellant in the headspace (i.e., the volume which falls between the overflow point and the designated fill point of the container) bearing down on the product, the present invention does not require a headspace, as its propelling action is self-generated from within the product by virtue of the two reactants, and as the propellant is soluble in the product. However, the system of the present invention may employ an initial minimal headspace of less than 2% of the container overflow capacity (i.e., less than 2% of the total liquid volume of the container to the exact top of the container finish). A discharge valve is inserted at the top of the container and the valve has a dip tube that extends downwardly into the dispensable product. The container is hermetically sealed and the valve is hermetically sealed with the container. When the valve is depressed, product is dispensed by the release of pressure of the self-generated propellant generated within the product and present in the headspace pushing down on the product.

The present invention also includes a method of spraying a dispensable product from within the container having the valve, and dip tube as described above. The method includes the step of adjusting the pH of the dispensable product to between about 6.5 and 7.5, and hydrolyzing a propellant precursor in the dispensable product to self-generate a propellant from within the dispensable product and in the head space, and to self-generate a humectant in the dispensable product.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a sprayable system that generates a propellant in situ, i.e., the propellant is self-generating. The sprayable system is non-aerosol yet it relies upon the self-generated propellant to dispense the product in a mist, stream, foam, or semisolid. The self-generated propellant is generated within and is soluble within the dispensable product and may be present also in the head space of a container for the sprayable system. The hermetically sealed container holds a dispensable product that includes two reactants that readily undergo a hydrolysis reaction to produce a self-generated propellant and a self- generated humectant. Preferably, the self-generated propellant is carbon dioxide gas. The propellant precursor is a carbonate, preferably, an alkylene carbonate. In addition, a self- generated humectant is produced by the hydrolysis reaction, and is preferably a glycol. The general hydrolysis reaction of alkylene carbonate leads to the formation of carbon dioxide and a corresponding glycol. For example, the hydrolysis of propylene carbonate yields propylene glycol and carbon dioxide. Thus, the dispensable product of the present invention is an aqueous system containing the propellant precursor. The amount of water present in the aqueous system can be about 1 to 95 percent, preferably 1 to 80 percent, and more preferably 1 to 75 percent, all percents are of the sprayable system.

The progression of the hydrolysis reaction in the present sprayable system is dependent upon certain conditions to create pressure in the hermetically sealed container. The conditions are the pH of the dispensable product, and the catalysts used to commence or accelerate the hydrolysis reaction. The higher the pH over about 6.0, the faster the pressure builds. By maintaining a near neutral pH, the rate of reaction can be controlled so as to build slowly, such as is desirable when using plastic-coated glass containers. By increasing the pH or the amount of EDTA, the reaction rate increases, realizing the final package pressure more quickly, which can be desirable for most systems. By selecting the pH and additives like EDTA, the system can be made self-adjusting such that the pressure lost on product use can be replaced over time as the hydrolysis reaction continues, generating CO₂ and corresponding pressure as the product is evacuated, maintaining spray rate, pressure, spray pattern, foam quality and breakup which are superior to those properties of existing compressed gas systems. In contrast to the present system, a significant drawback of using compressed CO₂ as a propellant, recognized by those skilled in the art, is loss of performance over the life of the package. In accordance with the present invention, the hydrolysis reaction starts nearly contemporaneously with the addition of the propellant precursor to water in the dispensable product which has a pH of greater than about 6.0, and preferably between about 6.5 and 8.5, such as at least about 7.0, for the reaction to progress continuously until the product containing the reactants is depleted. The pH range employed helps to modulate the hydrolysis of the alkylene carbonate, and is accomplished through the use of buffering agents. The timing for completion of the reaction can be between about 1 and 3 weeks, such as about 2 weeks. This rate of reaction is suitable when the package will be shipped and/or stored so that by the time the package reaches the consumer, there is sufficient pressure to evacuate the product form the package. However, the reaction rate can be increased by using a catalyst. Besides an alkaline pH, elevated temperatures also catalyze the reaction (e.g., temperatures greater than room temperature, such as about 50⁰C.) Increases in temperature can, for example, increase the reaction rate by at least about two fold - a reaction that takes 12 to 14 days can be accelerated to 12 hours. The temperature dependence of the reaction is of particular importance to the stability and the shelf-life of products incorporating the technology of the present invention which products may experience 5O⁰C. during shipping and storage. Other catalysts include, for example, alkalizing agents such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium or potassium salts of alpha hydroxy acids (e.g., lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, quinic acid, glyceric acid, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, gluconic acid, or fumaric acid), carboxylic acids (e.g., acetic acid, or propionic acid), chelating agents (e.g., EDTA, or triethanolamine), amino acids, silicates, and inorganic acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, or phosphoric acid). Preferably, sodium citrate and disodium EDTA are added to the dispensable product. These alkalizing agents aid hydrolysis of the alkylene carbonate because of their ability to adjust the pH. As an example, EDTA will act as a template for proton transfer from the base to the carbonyl carbon on the glyceryl carbonate. The hydrolysis reaction is modulated because of the pressure and the presence of the end-products.

The dispensable product of the present invention can be any type of composition that contains a variety of ingredients as long as they do not interfere with the pressure generated by the hydrolysis reaction of the alkylene carbonate. The break-up of the product is improved by the presence of a base in the dispensable product. A more alkaline system allows for maximum spray break-up throughout the product (i.e., from the inside out of the product). As used herein, spray break-up is a property of gas, such that as the propellant is self-generated by the hydrolysis of alkylene carbonate in the dispensable product, the pressure of the propellant commingled with a stream of the dispensable product pulls the product along with it. Because alkylene carbonate is a component of the product existing at a state of reaction equilibrium as well as continuously undergoing a hydrolysis reaction, the entire volume of the product is affected by the spray break-up. In the present invention, the self-generated propellant is dissolved in the dispensable product, and as the propellant is released and expands it carries along with it the product. By this action, the stream of the dispensable product is converted to an appropriate spray pattern. An "inside -out" break-up refers to the fact that the carbon dioxide is not solely external to the product but is also dissolved within and therefore, causes the break-up internally from the product to generate pressure and propulsion. Examples of bases which facilitate break-up include but are not limited to known alkali metal bicarbonates, for example, sodium bicarbonate, or potassium bicarbonate, and other strong alkalizing agents such as triethanolamine (TEA) or diethanolamine (DEA), isopropanol, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. The self-generated propellant is produced by the hydrolysis of an alkylene carbonate. The reaction product, carbon dioxide, provides the pressure to discharge the dispensable product from within the sprayable system. The present invention does not use carbon dioxide in the form of a compressed gas which is charged to an aerosol container. Rather, carbon dioxide is a self-generated propellant produced as a reaction product within the dispensable product of the sprayable system. The carbon dioxide produced during the hydrolysis of alkylene carbonates typically builds up pressure in a closed system, such as consumer-sized, sealed plastic bottles containing aqueous formulations of alkylene carbonates disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 2003/0060383. However, it is noted that this phenomenon has resulted in the limited use of alkylene carbonates in aqueous solutions. There is no disclosure of how to utilize this phenomenon in a beneficial manner. Rather, a method of stabilizing alkylene carbonates against hydrolysis is provided. The hydrolysis of alkylene carbonates as a mechanism to generate carbon dioxide as a reaction is well known, but has not heretofore been applied as a propellant in a sprayable system.

Alkylene carbonate and water can be added to the dispensable product together as the product is being formulated or alternatively, the alkylene carbonate can be added to the dispensable product last (i.e., just prior to filling the container with the product) to control the timing of the reaction. The alkylene carbonate can be any known alkylene carbonate, such as for example, glycerine carbonate (also known as glycerin carbonate, glyceryl carbonate, glycerol carbonate and 4-hydroxymethyl-l, 3 dioxolan-2-one), ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the alkylene carbonate in the sprayable system contains at least glycerine carbonate. The amount of alkylene carbonate present in the dispensable product is an amount sufficient to produce pressure equal to or greater than the pressure required to dispense the product from the container. Specifically, the amount of alkylene carbonate can range from about 0.5 to about 90 percent, for example, from about 2 to 50 percent, such as from about 5 to 20 percent, for example, from about 10 to 30 percent by total weight of the product, depending on the desired amount of pressure to be generated. The amount of alkylene carbonate needed is determined by carrying out a series of dilutions of alkylene carbonate in water in sealed containers, and measuring the pressures generated. In general, the amount of pressure generated is directly proportional to the amount of alkylene carbonate present in the sprayable system (i.e., the greater the amount of alkylene carbonate, the greater the pressure generated.) As long as there is free alkylene carbonate in the sprayable system, the hydrolysis reaction will continue to generate pressure within the dispensable product and in the headspace. As product is used up, and headspace is increased, the reaction continues and the void is filled up through partitioning of the CO₂ between the product liquid and the headspace. The sprayable system is applicable to a wide variety of packages, and can be adapted to generate the desirable amount of pressure to dispense the product, depending upon the package type and sprayable product. The pressures generated typically will be in the range of from about 1 to 200psi.

The other reaction product produced by hydrolysis of alkylene carbonate in the dispensable product is a self-generated humectant. Depending on the specific alkylene carbonate, the self-generated humectant is a glycol corresponding to the number of carbons in the alkylene carbonate. The self-generated humectant is a beneficial agent in the dispensable product because the glycols produced from the hydrolysis reaction provide moisturizing benefits to the skin. Thus, the sprayable system of the present invention has the benefit of imparting additional hydration to the skin as well as a self-generated propellant. A suitable container for the present sprayable system has a discharge valve that is inserted at the top of the container and the valve has a dip tube that extends downwardly into the dispensable product. The container is hermetically sealed and the valve is hermetically sealed with the container by crimping it to the container. The hermetic seal can be created using any known crimping technology. When the valve is depressed, product is dispensed by the release of pressure of the self-generated propellant generated within the product and pushing down on the product. The valve regulates the flow of the dispensable product from the container. The function of the valve is to provide a means for discharging a certain amount of the dispensable product when it is desired and to prevent the dispensable product from exiting the container at any other time. The valve can be used for spraying a fine mist, a foam or a semisolid. The components of the valve include, for example, the actuator, mounting cup, stem, stem gasket, spring, body, and dip tube. The sprayable system of the invention may be adapted for use in, for example, any traditional aerosol container, such as a 2P- or 2Q-rated aluminum can with a domed bottom.

Thus, the product may be charged to an appropriate container or containers as a final batch, or all of the ingredients may be combined with the exception of the alkylene carbonate. The mass is introduced into an aluminum aerosol container, for example, then, if not incorporated into the mass, the alkylene carbonate is added separately, a valve (fitted with a dip tube) is fitted or crimpled to seal the container using a standard crimping device, and an actuator or spray nozzle and an overcap are fitted in place. In accordance with the standard process for aerosol filling, each can is pressure tested, by exposing each sealed package to 55⁰C for 3-5 minutes, depending on the size of the can, to artificially increase the pressure to check for leakage. Cans are typically immersed in a heated water bath for this check as the presence of bubbles facilitates the detection of leaking cans.

In another method of filling the containers is a proportional chilled fill whereby the mass and the alkylene carbonate are chilled to minimize the volatility of the alkylene carbonate; that is, the reaction rate of the hydrolysis of the alkylene carbonate is minimized. This filling process is particularly applicable for post-foaming shave gel products and foam products. The package is sealed as described above.

Still a further method of filling containers is the Bag-On- Valve (BOV) system which consists of an aerosol valve with a welded bag. The product is present in the bag and is separated from the pressurizing system by the wall of the bag which acts like a bladder. In the typical system, compressed air (or liquefied hydrocarbon propellant) in the aerosol can is present on the outside of the bag (i.e., in the space between the bag outer wall and the inner wall of the outer package), and acts as a propellant on the product which is inside the bag. In the BOV system, a bag is inserted into a container and the container is fitted with a valve system. Propellant is pressure filled around a valve stem inserted into the container, outwardly over a stem gasket and down into the container space outside bag. Product is filled though the valve stem into the bag, and the container is fitted with an actuator and cap.

The separation of the product and propellant offer advantages over the typical aerosol package where a product and propellant are mixed for an optimized spray effect. It makes the use of compressed or liquefied propellants possible. It is optimal for oxygen sensitive products. Fewer perfumes and preservatives are required. As the product does not come into contact with oxygen, the system enables a longer lifecycle of the product compared to the standard aerosol system. Up to 99% of the product can be emptied from the container. The method is hygienic and sterilizable. The bag is or can be FDA-approved. The package operates in all positions. Spray noise is reduced. Non-chilling product is discharged. The package can be used with standard actuators, and with standard aerosol cans (e.g. aluminum of tinplate). The use of compressed air as a propellant is environmentally friendly. However, a disadvantage of the typical BOV system is that pressure, and therefore spray rate, decrease, substantially linearly, as a function of product evacuation. With no gas entrained in the product, the spray pattern is usually compromised.

The BOV system is adapted for use in the present invention by replacing the compressed air on the outside of the bag with alkylene carbonate and water and any activators, e.g., EDTA. In this embodiment of the present invention, the alkylene carbonate, water and activators, are not mixed in with the dispensable product. The CO₂ generated by the hydrolysis of the alkylene carbonate will generate a squeezing action on the bladder in the space between the outer package wall and the bladder wall. The pressure squeezes on the bag, and when the valve is actuated, the product is expelled. In the present invention, the hydrolysis reaction can be programmed to generate pressure over time, helping to maintain a more even pressure during the life-usage of the product. The CO₂ dissolved in the product thus maintains pressure and spray rate in contrast with the typical BOV system.

As discussed herein, the present invention does not require the use or presence of the headspace as its propelling action is self-generated from within the product. Most aerosols use compressed or liquefied gases in the head space to create pressure for spraying the dispensable product held in the container. The dispensable product of the present invention is sprayed without the use of traditional aerosol propellants such as isobutane, isopentane, Freon®, and the like, or the addition of compressed gases. Thus, the sprayable system of the present invention does not show the usual "drop-off of pressure that is experienced in traditional aerosol systems using compressed carbon dioxide gas as it becomes depleted. Rather, the pressure in the container remains substantially constant throughout the life of the product until the propellant precursor is depleted.

The dispensable product may contain one or more oil components. The oil component may be any pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable material which is substantially insoluble in water. These materials can be found for example in the CTFA International Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients as well as the U.S. Pharmacopoeia or other equivalent sources. Suitable oil components include, but are not limited to, natural oils, such as coconut oil; hydrocarbons, such as mineral oil and hydrogenated polyisobutene; fatty alcohols, such as octyldodecanol; esters, such as C 12- 15 alkyl benzoate; diesters, such as propylene glycol dipelargonate; triesters, such as glyceryl trioctanoate; sterol derivatives, such as lanolin; animal waxes, such as beeswax; plant waxes, such as carnauba; mineral waxes, such as ozokerite; petroleum waxes, such as paraffin wax; synthetic waxes, such as polyethylene; and mixtures thereof.

Suitable oil components may also be silicones. The silicone oil can be volatile or semi- volatile, or any combination thereof. Suitable volatile oils include cyclic and linear silicones, such as hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane or volatile linear dimethylpolysiloxanes; or mixtures thereof. Other volatile silicones include, but are not limited to, cyclomethicone; polymeric silicones such as dimethicone; alkylated derivatives of polymeric silicones, such as cetyl dimethicone and lauryl trimethicone; hydroxylated derivatives of polymeric silicones, such as dimethiconol; and mixtures thereof. The carrier comprises, in the composition as a whole, preferably silicone oil which is present in an amount of at least about 0.5 to about 60 percent by weight.

The dispensable product of the present invention can also include polyurethane and derivatives thereof as, for example, trimethylol crosslinked polyurethane. Polyurethane is a slip agent which makes it easier to massage the dispensable product on the skin after it has been sprayed. Therefore, the dispensable product feels smooth on the skin without the need to add oil and yet, does not drag or cake on the skin.

Additional preferred components of the dispensable product of the invention include one or more pigments. Any cosmetically acceptable pigment, either organic, inorganic, or combinations thereof, can be used in the makeup compositions of the invention. Examples of useful inorganic pigments include iron oxides (yellow, red, brown or black), ultramarines, chromium hydroxide green, chromium oxide, titanium dioxide (white), ferric ferrocyanide, ferric ammonium ferrocyanide, and mixtures thereof. The organic pigments include natural colorants and synthetic monomeric and polymeric colorants. Exemplary are aromatic compounds such as azo, triphenylmethane, indigo, anthraquinone, and xanthine dyes, which are referred to as D&C or FD&C pigments. Also useful are lakes, which are pigments formed by the precipitation and absorption of organic dyes on an insoluble base, such as alumina, barium, or calcium hydrates. Particularly preferred lakes are primary FD&C or D&C lakes and blends thereof. In a preferred embodiment the pigment employed is hydrophobically treated. Such treatment assists in preventing oil breakthrough, and further aids in keeping the color true. Examples of useful hydrophobic surface treatments include but are not limited to amino acids, silicones, methicones, dimethicones, silanes, polyethylene, metal soaps, lecithin, waxes, nylon, or flourochemicals. Pigment concentrations will vary depending upon the color of the final product, but generally will be in the range of from about 5.0 to about 20 percent by weight of the total composition. Further, the fibers themselves can be pigmented.

The pigments can also be spherical scattering agents such as spherical powders that achieve a soft focus look. Examples include but are not limited to, calcium aluminum borosilicate, PMMA, polyethylene, polystyrene, methyl methacrylate crosspolymer, nylon- 12, ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer, boron nitride, Teflon, or silica. The composition can also contain small amounts of fillers or powders. Examples of such include silica, talc, mica, starch, nylon, kaolin, bismuth oxychloride, or coated versions of each of these, for example, with lecithin, silicones, amino acids, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, or metallic soap coatings. The addition of fillers or powders enhances the dry and powdery feel.

The dispensable product can also contain other optional components including, but not limited to, oil soluble sunscreens, such as octyl methoxycinnamate; particulate sunscreens such as zinc oxide; oil-soluble antioxidants and/or preservatives, such as BHT; fragrances (such as pinene); flavoring agents; waterproofing agents (such as PVP/eicosene copolymer); surfactants, such as silicone copolyols or fatty acid glycerol esters; and oil-soluble actives, such as tocopherol and its derivatives or retinol and its derivatives; and the like.

The dispensable product can be in the form of a clear product, an opaque or translucent milk product, surfactant systems, gel systems (e.g., thin gels), mousses or any type of emulsion (e.g., water-in-oil, oil-in-water, multiple, micro, nano), multiple phase system, aqueous single phase system, aqueous blend, powder, cream, lotion, or the like. The benefit of the present sprayable systems can be obtained in any type of sprayable composition containing ingredients that do not affect the hydrolysis reaction. Examples of products include but are not limited to cosmetic and personal care compositions such as sunscreens, after-sun compositions, insect-repellents, depilatories, cooling compositions, fragrances, skin treatment compositions, skin cleansers, emollients, foundations, lipsticks and lipglosses, shave foams or gels, hair colorants, hair fixatives or styling aids, moisturizers, anti-fungal compositions, antiseptics, deodorants, antiperspirants; other applications such as hard surface cleansers or polishes, air fresheners, room deodorizers, glass cleansers, furniture waxes; and food products such as dessert toppings, cheese products, and whipped creams.

The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples.

EXAMPLE 1. Aqueous Single Phase After-sun Spray

Table 1

Sequence Ingredient Weight Percent (w/w)

1 deionized water 48.47

1 isoprene glycol 2.00

1 butylene glycol 3.00

1 advanced moisture complex* 0.50

1 Lipidure PMB (95% water/4.5% purified

Poly quaternium-51/1% phenoxytol) 0.50

1 Dermol L-45 (4.5% glycereth lactate) 0.75

1 betaine 3.50

1 dipotassium glycerrhizate (licorice extract) 0.03

1 L-Arginine 0.10

1 disodium EDTA 0.05

1 sodium citrate 0.05

1 glycerine carbonate 25.00

2 PPG-tetradecyldeceth-30 0.50

2 ethanol SD 40 B 200 proof 15.00

2 bisabolol 0.25

2 menthol 0.05

2 fragrance 0.25

TOTAL 100.00 *36% water/11% sodium PCA/0.5% sodium hyaluronate/1% trehalose/3% urea/48% glycerin/0.5% polyquaternium-51.

Procedure: All Sequence 1 ingredients are weighed and introduced into the main vessel. Sequence 1 ingredients are mixed with a propeller mixer until all solids have completely dissolved. The batch may be warm slightly if needed to dissolve any solid particles completely. All Sequence 2 ingredients are weighed and introduced into a separate vessel. Sequence 2 ingredients are mixed until all solids have completely dissolved and the entire batch becomes clear and homogeneous. Sequence 2 batch is introduced under propeller mixing into the main vessel containing the Sequence 1 batch, and mixing is continued until a uniform clear batch is obtained. The clear product is poured into plastic coated glass bottles and crimp-sealed with actuator valves or pumps.

EXAMPLE 2. Oil-in-Water Emulsion Fragranced Body Lotion Spray

Table 2

Sequence Ingredient Weight Percent (w/w)

1 deionized water 70.35

1 butylene glycol 5.00

1 disodium EDTA 1.00

1 sodium bicarbonate 1.00

1 poloxamer 407 1.00

1 sodium citrate 1.00

1 tromethamine 0.40

2 bisabolol 0.50

2 fragrance 3.00

2 squalane 2.00

2 phenoxyethanol 0.75

2 methyltrimethicone 4.00

3 glycerine carbonate 10.00

TOTAL 100.00 Procedure: All ingredients of Sequence 1 are weighed and placed together in a vessel, and mixed using a propeller mixer until all solids have dissolved. In a separate vessel, all ingredients of Sequence 2 are weighed and placed together, and mixed using a propeller mixer. Sequence 3 material is weighed and held on the side. Once Sequence 1 becomes completely homogeneous, it is place under a homogenizer (Rotor-Stator Configuration such as a Silverson or Greerco). The Sequence 2 mixture is slowly poured in the vessel containing the Sequence 1 mixture, and the homogenizer speed is increased to generate full turnover of the batch. After an emulsion has been formed (i.e., the batch turns completely opaque), Sequence 3 is slowly introduced under the homogenizer and mixed for an additional 3 - 5 minutes. The emulsion is then passed through a Micro-fluidizer (Microfluidics Corporation or Niro Suavi) for at least 2 cycles to ensure sufficient reduction of the particle size so as to provide long-term stability to the emulsion. The final emulsion is poured into plastic coated (e.g. jacketed) glass bottles which are then crimp-sealed.

EXAMPLE 3. Creamy Spray Cleanser

Table 3

Sequence Ingredients Weight Percent (w/w)

1 Crodacid B (stearic and behenic acids) 1 .530

1 Kortacid 1895 (stearic acid) 0.495

1 Kortacid 1690 (palmitic acid) 1 .170

1 Kortacid 1499 (myristic acid) 4 .050

1 Lanette O (cetearyl alcohol) 0 .090

1 Protopon 3OA (sodium methyl coco taurate) 3 .150

1 Amilite GCK-11 (potassium cocoyl glycinate) 4 .500

1 Amisoft HS l ip (sodium stearoyl glutamate) 1 .800

2 deionized water 60 .547 2 disodium EDTA 0 .090

2 potassium hydroxide (45%) 2 .840

2 Protopon 3OA (sodium methyl coco taurate) 2 .700

3 Kortacid 1299 (lauric acid) 0 .783

3 Phoenate 3DSA (PEG-3 distearate) 0 .135

3 Lexguard O (caprylyl glycol) 0 .360 3 Oranal LGC (PEG-40 glyceryl cocoate/ sodium coceth sulfate) 4.950

3 Phenoxetol (phenoxyethanol) 0.810

4 Glycerine carbonate 10.000

TOTAL 100.000

Procedure: Sequence 1 ingredients are weighed and combined in a support kettle and heated to 85⁰C. Sequence 2 ingredients are weighed and combined in the main vessel, and heated to 85⁰C with propeller mixing. Sequence 1 mixture is added to the main vessel, and the entire batch is mixed well to saponify, and is then cooled. Once the batch in the main vessel reaches 6O⁰C, Sequence 3 ingredients are added to the main vessel, one at a time. The batch is cooled to room temperature. At the time of filling the containers, the cooled batch is introduced first, and the Sequence 4 ingredient is added last to activate the CO₂ -generating system.

Claims

What we claimed is:

1. A sprayable system containing a hermetically sealed container holding a dispensable product within, a discharge valve inserted at the top of said container and having a dip tube extending downwardly into said dispensable product, and comprising reactants for a self- generated propellant and a self-generated humectant in said dispensable product.

2. The system of claim 1 in which said self-generated propellant and said self-generated humectant are reaction products of a hydrolysis reaction.

3. The system of claim 2 in which said self-generated propellant is a carbon dioxide.

4. The system of claim 2 in which said self-generating humectant is a glycol.

5. The system of claim 1 in which said reactants are an alkylene carbonate and water.

6. The system of claim 2 in which said dispensable product has a pH value of greater than about 6.5.

7. The system of claim 5 wherein said alkylene carbonate contains an alkylene selected from the group consisting of glycerine, ethylene, propylene, and butylene.

8. The composition of claim 1 in which said container is comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of glass, aluminum, tinplate, plastic and polymeric material.

9. A sprayable system of claim 1 wherein said valve is crimped to the container.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein said dispensable product is a sunscreen product, an after sun product, a cleanser, a lotion or a fragrance.

11. A sprayable system containing a hermetically sealed container holding an aqueous dispensable product within, a discharge valve inserted at the top of said container, having a dip tube extending downwardly into said dispensable product, and comprising an alkylene carbonate based reactant for a self-generated propellant and a self-generated humectant in said dispensable product.

12. The system of claim 11 in which said dispensable product has a pH value of greater than about 6.5.

13. The system of claim 11 in which said alkylene carbonate is present in the dispensable product in an amount of about 1 to 50 percent by weight of the composition.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein said alkylene carbonate contains an alkylene selected from the group consisting of glycerine, ethylene, propylene, and butylene.

15. The composition of claim 12 in which said container is comprised of a material selected from the group consisting of glass, aluminum, tinplate, plastic and polymeric material.

16. A sprayable system of claim 12 wherein said valve is crimped to the container.

17. The system of claim 12 wherein said dispensable product is a sunscreen product, an after sun product, a lotion or a fragrance.

18. A method of spraying a dispensable product from within a container having a discharge valve inserted at the top of the container and a dip tube extending downwardly from the discharge valve and into the dispensable product, the container and the discharge valve being hermetically sealed, comprising the steps of adjusting the pH value of dispensable product between 6.5 and 7.5, hydrolyzing an alkylene carbonate in the dispensable product, self-generating a propellant and a humectant in the dispensable product, and dispensing the product.

19. The method of claim 11 wherein the propellant is a carbon dioxide.

20. The method of claim 11 wherein the humectant is a glycol.

21. The method of claim 11 wherein the dispensable product is sunscreen product, an after sun product, a lotion or a fragrance.

22. A sprayable system containing a hermetically sealed container, the container having an outer wall and holding a dispensable product within, a bag positioned in the container for holding the dispensable product, a container space between the bag and the outer wall of the container, a discharge valve having a valve stem inserted at the top of said container and extending downwardly into said bag, and comprising reactants for a self-generated propellant present in the container space.

23. The system of claim 22 in which said self-generated propellant is a carbon dioxide.

24. A method of spraying a dispensable product from within a container, the container having an outer wall and holding a dispensable product within, a bag positioned in the container for holding the dispensable product, a container space being present between the bag and the outer wall of the container, a discharge valve having a valve stem inserted at the top of said container and extending downwardly into said bag, and comprising reactants for a self-generated propellant present in the container space, and the container and the discharge valve being hermetically sealed, comprising the steps of adjusting the pH value of the dispensable product between 6.5 and 7.5, hydrolyzing an alkylene carbonate, generating a propellant in the container space, and dispensing the product.

25. The method of claim 24 in which said self-generated propellant is a carbon dioxide.