WO2011049376A2 - Snowfall measurement apparatus and method using rds fm-type snowfall measurement module - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to provide a snowfall measurement apparatus and method using an RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module, the apparatus comprises: a sunlight electric cell plate (100) which is installed on the one side of an upper end of a supporting frame having a certain height, charges electricity generated by collecting sunlight and performing electricity generation in a battery, and uses the charged electricity as the power of an RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module; and the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module (200) which is positioned on a lower end of the sunlight electric cell plate, is supplied with the self-generated power from the sunlight electric cell plate, is driven by receiving a wakeup signal and an audio signal transmitted from a central control server in a remote place through the FM band (76-108MHz), and transmits a snowfall measurement data signal measured through the ultrasonic waves to the central control server in a remote place. Thus, the invention reduces power consumption since self-generation is performed through the sunlight, and there is no restriction on the installation place because the real-time wireless transmitting and receiving functions are carried out, and also, the weather information is quickly notified. Further, the customized broadcasting programs for disaster in accordance with snowfall are provided with audio signals to all the peripheral devices (handsets, hands-free units, MP3 players, GPS/navigation, satellite digital audio radio, and mobile phones) included in the RDS FM broadcast audio service regions.

Description

 Snowfall measurement device and method using RDS FM type snowfall measurement module

 The present invention is driven by receiving an audio signal and a wake-up signal transmitted from a central control server of a remote location through the FM band (76 ~ 108MHz),

 The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring snowfall using an RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module for transmitting snowfall measurement data signals measured through ultrasonic waves to a central control server at a remote location.

 Generally, meteorological disasters refer to disasters caused by meteorological phenomena such as rain, wind, snow, hail, and the like, when heavy disasters are expected due to the above-mentioned weather phenomena analyzed by the Korea Meteorological Agency, etc., heavy snow alarms, typhoon alarms, Weather alarms such as storm alarms and heavy rain alarms are notified through broadcast means such as TV or radio relay.

 However, the conventional weather notification method is limited to a limited time because it only transmits and reports weather information from a broadcasting station such as a TV or a radio based on data analyzed by a disaster prevention center such as a meteorological office. Only as much weather information is received, and such a notification range is also limited to a specific region has a disadvantage that the reliability of the weather information is not guaranteed.

 In addition, due to industrial development, extreme weather events such as the El Niño phenomenon, localized heavy rain, and late snowfall are also occurring continuously. In this case, prompt weather notification and corresponding response must be carried out, but in reality, such a response cannot be achieved. In addition, since various accidents, damages, etc. are often generated before the weather information analyzed by the Meteorological Agency is notified to various places, there is a problem in that human injury and property damage are also caused.

 In particular, in recent years, in order to measure snowfall in order to prevent damage to the plastic house caused by heavy snowfall and highway accidents, snowfall measurement means have been installed in specific areas with a lot of snow, and the measured snowfall information is collected in real time. Proposed method for providing disaster prevention center,

 Above all, it is installed in a wired way, so there is a problem that it is difficult to install electricity at all because it is difficult to supply electricity to mountains in remote areas other than the city center.

 Due to the disadvantage that the wired method itself does not have a fast information transmission rate, there is a disadvantage in that rapid weather analysis and notification are practically difficult.

 In order to solve the above object, in the present invention can be self-powered through sunlight, it is possible to reduce the power consumption,

 Real-time wireless transmission and reception is not limited to the installation site, it is possible to prompt weather notification, as well as all peripheral devices (handset, hands-free, MP3 player, GPS / navigation, satellite digital audio radio, It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for measuring snowfall using an RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module that can provide customized disaster broadcasting according to snowfall with an audio signal.

 In order to achieve the above object, the snowfall measurement apparatus using the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module according to the present invention

 Installed on the support frame having a certain height consists of a device for measuring the amount of snow,

 The snowfall measuring device 1 is installed on one side of the upper end of the support frame, and collects sunlight and charges electricity generated by generating electricity to the battery, and then uses the solar cell used as a power source for the RDS FM snowfall measuring module. Plate 100,

 Located at the bottom of the solar panel, it is supplied with self-generated power from the solar panel, and is driven by receiving audio signals and wake-up signals transmitted from a central control server at a remote location through the FM band (76 to 108 MHz).

 It is achieved by including a RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 for transmitting the snowfall measurement data signal measured through the ultrasonic wave to a central control server of a remote location.

 In addition, the snowfall measurement method using the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module according to the present invention,

 Collecting solar light through the solar panel and charging the battery with electricity generated by generating electricity, and then supplying power to the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module (S100);

 Receiving an audio signal and a wake-up signal transmitted from the central control server of the remote in the FM band (76 ~ 108MHz) through the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module and delivering to the microcomputer (MCU) (S200),

 When the microcomputer receives the wake-up signal from the RDS-FM transmitter / receiver, it switches from the standby state to the operating state to wake up the operation of the PWM power & battery control and the PWM power & battery control. Supplying power to each device through (S300),

 After transmitting the left and right rotation signal to the rotary head joint is installed in the ultrasonic sensor unit from the microcomputer unit, and operating the ultrasonic sensor unit (S400),

 The ultrasonic sensor unit 250 transmits the ultrasonic wave to the bottom direction and measures the change or intensity of the ultrasonic wave reflected and returned to the microcomputer unit (S500),

When the ultrasonic counter latched from the counter PLD latch unit 260 is input to the microcomputer unit, calculating a snowfall value through internal calculation (S600);

 Transmitting a snowfall measurement data signal from a microcomputer (MCU) to an input terminal RIN of the RDS FM transceiver (S700);

 RDS FM transceiver 210 is achieved by the step (S800) of transmitting the snowfall measurement data signal to the central control server of the remote location via the FM band (76 ~ 108MHz).

 As explained above,

 In the present invention, it is possible to self-generate through sunlight, to reduce power consumption, and real-time wireless transmission and reception, there is no restriction in the place of installation, all peripherals included in the RDS FM audible region (handset, hands-free, With audio signals to MP3 players, GPS / navigations, satellite digital audio radios, and mobile phones, you can broadcast customized disasters based on snowfall, allowing you to quickly and accurately recognize disasters caused by heavy snowfall. It is a good effect to prevent highway accidents in advance.

 1 is a perspective view showing a snowfall measuring device using the RDS FM type snowfall measuring module according to the present invention;

 Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the components of the snowfall measurement apparatus using the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module according to the present invention,

 Figure 3 is an embodiment showing that a DC motor for transferring the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 in the vertical direction in the support frame is installed RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 according to the present invention,

 Figure 4 is a rotatable head joint is installed in the support frame according to the present invention, by rotating the left and right RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 at ± 30 ~ 90 ° angle by the left and right rotation signal of the microcomputer to the top surface of the ultrasonic sensor One embodiment showing the process of shaking off the snow accumulated in the

 5 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the RDS FM transceiver 210 of the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 according to the present invention;

 6 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the PWM power microcontroller (PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL) 220 and the overcurrent overvoltage protection circuit 230 of the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 according to the present invention;

 7 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a secondary battery power supply unit 240 of the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 according to the present invention;

 8 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the ultrasonic sensor unit 250 of the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 according to the present invention;

 9 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the counter PLD latch unit 260 of the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 according to the present invention;

 10 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the microcomputer unit (MCU) 270 of the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 according to the present invention;

 11 is a flowchart illustrating a snowfall measurement method using the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module according to the present invention;

 12 is a flowchart illustrating a process of calculating a numerical value of snowfall through internal calculation when an ultrasonic counter latched from the counter PLD latch unit 260 is input to a microcomputer unit according to the present invention.

※ Brief description of reference numerals ※

100 solar panel

200: RDS FM type snowfall measurement module

210: RDS FM transceiver

220: PWM power microcomputer

230: overcurrent overvoltage protection circuit

240: secondary battery power supply

250: ultrasonic sensor unit

260: counter PLD latch

270: microcomputer unit (MCU)

300: central control server

 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

 1 is a perspective view showing a snowfall measurement apparatus using the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module according to the present invention, which is a solar panel 100 installed on a support frame having a predetermined height, RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module It consists of 200.

 The support frame is formed in a long rod shape and serves to support the solar panel 100 and the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 at a constant height from the ground.

The support frame is a solar panel is installed on one side of the top, the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 is installed on the bottom of the solar panel.

 And, RDS FM type snowfall measuring module 200 is formed in a rectangular box shape, the ultrasonic sensor unit is configured on the bottom surface facing the ground.

 Here, as shown in Figure 3, the DC frame is configured in the support frame in which the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 is installed, and transfers the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 in the vertical direction. .

 In addition, proximity sensors are installed at intervals of 50 cm in a section in which the DC motor is transferred in the vertical direction.

 In addition, as shown in Figure 4, the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 is configured to rotate the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 with a DC motor 360 ° at 30 ° ~ 90 ° rotation interval Rotating head joint is installed.

 Here, the rotatable head joint is attached to the sensor at 90 ° intervals so as to rotate 360 ° at 30 ° ~ 90 ° intervals through the control of the microcomputer on one side.

 Then, the rotational motor for rotating the head joint portion 360 ° at 90 ° intervals is configured.

 First, the solar panel 100 according to the present invention will be described.

 The photovoltaic panel 100 is installed on one side of the upper end of the support frame, and collects sunlight and charges electricity generated by generating electricity to the battery, and then uses it as a power source for the RDS FM snowfall measuring module. This is attached to the upper surface of the printed circuit board by a filler made of polyvinyl butylol (PVB) or ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) having excellent moisture resistance.

 In the solar cell panel, a plurality of first unit cells of a positive terminal and a plurality of second unit cells of a negative terminal are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a matrix form. Each unit cell is connected to each other in series or in parallel by an interconnector made of aluminum metal foil. Form a cell array.

 At this time, the number of solar cells connected in series is determined by the charging capacity of the rechargeable battery.

 The interconnector connecting each unit cell is connected to a power supply terminal plated on one side of the printed circuit board.

 Instead of the conventional glass substrate, a transparent polycarbonate window is stacked on the solar cell array.

 As such, by stacking the transparent polycarbonate window on the solar cell array, it is possible to prevent the loss of light energy due to the reflection of sunlight from the surface of the glass substrate.

 Next, the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200 according to the present invention will be described.

 The RDS (Radio Data System) FM type snowfall measurement module 200 is located at the bottom of the solar panel, and receives the self-generated power from the solar panel,

 It is driven by receiving audio signal and wake-up signal transmitted from central control server of remote location through FM band (76 ~ 108MHz), and transmitting snowfall measurement data signal measured by ultrasonic wave to central control server of remote location. The RDS FM transceiver 210, PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL 220, overcurrent overvoltage protection circuit 230, secondary battery power supply 240, ultrasonic sensor The unit 250 includes a counter PLD latch unit 260 and a microcomputer unit (MCU) 270.

 The RDS FM transceiver 210 receives an audio signal and a wake-up signal transmitted from a central control server unit at a remote location through an FM band (76 to 108 MHz) and transmits the signal to a microcomputer unit (MCU), and is close to a snowfall measuring device. Audio signals and precipitation measurement data signals are sequentially transmitted to channels, such as handsets, hands-free, MP3 players, GPS / navigation, satellite digital audio radios, and cellular phones, which are located at the same location. ~ 108MHz) to transmit to the remote central control server.

 The Si4720 / 212 consists of a single chip for the FM radio transceiver and consists of a 3 × 3 × 0.5mm QFN package that combines the functionality of the FM transmitter and FM radio receiver.

 The integrated FM antenna is supported in the FM band of 76 ~ 108MHz, provides RDS / RBDS processor, programmable output voltage control signal transmission, audio dynamic range control, analog / digital audio interface, and programmable reference clock. It is input and consists of 2.7V ~ 5.5V power supply.

 In the RDS FM transceiver 210 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, an RX antenna having an FM radio reception function is connected to an FMI terminal.

 A TX antenna with FM transmission is connected to the TXO terminal, a low voltage regulator (LDO) is connected to the VDD terminal and the GND terminal, and the FM radio signal received through the RX antenna becomes a tuner through an internal FM tuner. The audio output terminal ROUT and the data output terminal LOUT are transferred to the receiving terminal RXD of the microcomputer unit (MCU).

 In the present invention, as a data signal, the wake-up signal is transmitted to the receiving terminal RXD of the microcomputer unit through the data output terminal LOUT of the RDS FM transceiver.

 Then, the transmission terminal TXD of the microcomputer unit (MCU) is connected to the input terminal LIN to input a snowfall measurement data signal,

 Wake-up driving signal of peripheral device is inputted from central control server of remote site to input terminal RIN, which is a peripheral device located near proximity to RDS FM type snowfall measurement module through TX antenna, handset, hands-free, MP3 player, GPS / navigation, satellite Digital audio radios are configured to transmit snowfall measurement data signals along with audio signals to mobile phones.

 Through such a configuration, the RDS FM transceiver 210 according to the present invention has features of an integrated FM radio transceiver system such as transmitting support for a radio data system (RDS) and a radio broadcast data system (RBDS).

 In addition, in the audio transmission mode, data transmission such as artist name, song title, digital information category and brand message can be simultaneously performed.

 The PWM power microcomputer unit (PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL) 220 serves to supply a stable power to the rechargeable battery by controlling the PWM flow after converting the DC_DC power flowing into the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module.

 Here, the rechargeable battery refers to a power source for driving the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200.

 The PWM power microcomputer unit (PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL) 220 is configured to use a long time after charging by controlling the power in a PWM method to prevent unnecessary power use.

 As shown in FIG. 6, the voltage set through the resistor R138 is applied to the INV terminal of the DC / DC converter, and the electrical and commercial power (18V to 50V) generated from the solar panel is applied to the resistors R123, R125, When voltage is distributed through R127 and applied to the V + terminal and the current peak sense terminal (SI) of the DC / DC converter,

 Comparing the voltage input to the comparison inverter input terminal (INV) of the DC / DC converter with the internal reference voltage (1.25V) using a comparator, and in case of the reference voltage or higher, the input DC is DC-DC. The converter (NJM2360) is switched to 1.5 A to make an alternating current, and the output alternating current is turned on by the transistor Q4 through the sensing resistor R133.

 At this time, when transistor Q4 is turned on, the voltage-distributed SOL_POWER voltage and the commercial power supply (16V to 50V) at the collector terminal of transistor Q4 are smoothed through diode D69 through the emitter terminal, and 5.2V is output through inductor L5. The battery is charged.

 The DC-DC converter (NJM2360) has 5.5V, 680mA, and power efficiency of 70%, and the dispersion of the output current can be ± 5% or less even when a current detection resistor of ± 1% is used for the external resistor.

 As such, in the present invention, the PWM power microcomputer unit (PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL) 220 is configured, the charging battery generated when charging the rechargeable battery with electric and commercial power (18V ~ 50V) generated in the solar panel is hot Loss can be effectively prevented.

 The overcurrent overvoltage protection circuit 230 prevents overcurrent and overvoltage from flowing into the rechargeable battery BAT and prevents the rechargeable battery from being discharged and overdischarged.

 As shown in FIG. 6, when the sensing resistor R140 is connected to the charging battery BAT terminal to sense the voltage of the current charging battery and input to the first comparator, the voltage of the sensed current charging battery and the first program are sensed. After comparing and comparing the reference voltage VOLT1, the reference voltage VOLT1 is applied to the INV terminal of the DC / DC converter unit only when the first program reference voltage is equal to or greater than that.

 In addition, after sensing the voltage of the current charging battery by connecting the sensing resistor R141 to the battery BAT terminal and inputting it to the second comparator, the voltage of the sensed current charging battery and the second program reference voltage VOLT2 are compared. After the calculation, it is applied to the INV terminal of the DC / DC converter section only when the second program reference voltage or more is exceeded.

 After sensing the voltage of the current charging battery by connecting the sensing resistor R142 to the terminal of the battery BAT, and inputting it to the third comparator, the voltage of the sensed current charging battery and the third program reference voltage VOLT3 are compared. After the calculation, only the third program reference voltage or more is applied to the INV terminal of the DC / DC converter.

 In addition, after sensing the voltage of the current charging battery by connecting the sensing resistor R143 to the terminal of the battery BAT, and inputting it to the fourth comparator, the voltage of the sensed current charging battery and the fourth program reference voltage VOLT4 are compared. After the calculation, only the fourth program reference voltage or more is applied to the INV terminal of the DC / DC converter.

 The first program reference voltage VOLLT1 represents a discharge voltage DISCHARGE VOLTAGE set value of the rechargeable battery.

 The second program reference voltage VOLT2 indicates an overvoltage OVER_VOLTAGE setting value of the rechargeable battery.

 The third program reference voltage VOLT3 indicates an overcurrent signal OVER_CURRENT setting value of the rechargeable battery.

 The fourth program reference voltage VOLT4 indicates an overdischarge voltage OVER_DISCHARGE set value of the rechargeable battery.

 The secondary battery power supply 240 is connected to one side of the microcomputer unit, and serves to supply power to the RDS FM snowfall measuring module through the secondary battery under the control of the microcomputer unit when the voltage charged in the solar panel is insufficient. .

 As shown in FIG. 7, the voltage set through the resistor R33 is applied to the INV terminal of the DC / DC converter.

 When the voltage (12V) of the secondary battery is divided by the resistors R28, R29, and R30 and applied to the current peak sense terminal SI of the DC / DC converter unit,

 After comparing the voltage inputted to the comparative inverting input terminal (INV) of the DC / DC converter with the internal reference voltage (1.25V) through the comparator, the switch emitter terminal (Es) is driven when the reference voltage is higher than the diode. Smoothed through D2, 5.2V is output through inductor L2 to power each device in the RDS FM snowfall measurement module.

 The DC-DC converter (NJM2360) has 5.5V, 680mA, and power efficiency of 70%, and the dispersion of the output current can be ± 5% or less even when a current detection resistor of ± 1% is used for the external resistor.

 The ultrasonic sensor unit 250 is connected to one side of the microcomputer unit, and transmits the ultrasonic wave to the bottom direction and detects the change or intensity of the ultrasonic wave reflected and returned to the microcomputer unit.

 Ultrasonic sensor unit 250 according to the present invention is installed on the lower end of the rectangular box-shaped body, and transmits the ultrasonic wave in the bottom direction in a state having a certain height, detect the change or intensity of the reflected ultrasonic return to the microcomputer unit Send.

 At this time, the microcomputer unit compares the value measured by the ultrasonic sensor unit with the reference set value, and calculates the amount of snow snow accumulated on the floor.

 That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the ultrasonic sensor unit emits ultrasonic waves in the bottom direction at T0 time and receives the reflected sound at T1 time.

 Subsequently, after the ultrasonic emission in the bottom direction, the reflection sound is received and the distance is converted using the time difference.

 At this time, the speed of the sound wave is determined by the resilience and inertia of the medium.

 For example, since the speed of sound waves in air at 0 ° C. is 331 m / s, the speed V of sound waves at a temperature t ° C. can be expressed by Equation 1 below.

[Revisions under Rule 91 19.01.2011]
Equation 1

Where t represents degrees Celsius.

The speed of the sound wave is determined by the resilience and inertia of the medium.

 That is, when the medium is a fluid, the restoring force is expressed by the volume modulus of elasticity (B) and the inertia by the mass density (ρ).

[Revisions under Rule 91 19.01.2011]
Equation 2

 In the case where the medium is an ideal gas among the fluids, the volumetric modulus (B) is proportional to the mass density (ρ) and the absolute temperature (T), so that the velocity (V) of the sound wave in the ideal gas is It can be expressed as

[Revisions under Rule 91 19.01.2011]
Equation 3

 Knowing the velocity of sound waves at a certain temperature using Equation 3, the velocity at other temperatures can also be found proportionally.

 Therefore, since the speed of sound waves in 0 degreeC air is 331 m / s, the speed V of the sound waves in degrees Celsius t degreeC can be expressed as shown in said Formula (1).

 As described above, the ultrasonic sensor unit 250 according to the present invention transmits the ultrasonic wave in the bottom direction in a state having a predetermined height, detects the change or intensity of the reflected ultrasonic wave, and transmits the ultrasonic wave to the microcomputer unit.

 And, as shown in Figure 8, the ultrasonic sensor unit 250 according to the present invention, the first amplifier (U5A) and the second amplifier (U6A) is connected to one side, the first, the signal measured by the ultrasonic sensor, Secondary amplification is sent to the input terminal (RX_TRIG) of the microcomputer.

 The counter PLD latch unit 260, when measuring the amount of snow through the ultrasonic sensor unit, sends an ultrasonic discharge counter to the ultrasonic sensor unit through the PLD (Programmable Logic Device), the ultrasonic discharge counter according to the time when the reflected sound returns after the ultrasonic emission in the bottom direction Latch and converts the latched signal to an analog signal to transmit to the microcomputer.

 At this time, the microcomputer unit receives the latched signal from the counter PLD latch unit 260, and accurately calculates and displays the numerical value of the snowfall amount to three decimal places.

As illustrated in FIG. 9, the counter PLD latch unit 260 includes a first dual BCD counter 261, a second dual BCD counter 262, a third dual BCD counter 263, and a fourth dual BCD counter ( 264), the first D / A converter unit 265 for converting the latched signal output from the first dual BCD counter and the second dual BCD counter into an analog signal, and the output from the third dual BCD counter and the fourth dual BCD counter. And a second D / A converter section 266 for converting the latched signal into a digital signal.

 The first dual BCD counter and the second dual BCD counter send an ultrasonic emission counter to the ultrasonic sensor unit so that the constant portion of the snowfall value is expressed, and transmit the ultrasonic wave according to the time when the reflected sound returns after the ultrasonic emission in the bottom direction. The counter latches the counter, converts the latched signal into a digital signal, and transmits the signal to the microcomputer unit.

 The third dual BCD counter and the fourth dual BCD counter send an ultrasonic wave sending counter to the ultrasonic sensor unit so as to be expressed to three decimal places in the value of snowfall, and ultrasonic wave is emitted according to the time when the reflected sound returns after the ultrasonic firing in the bottom direction. The counter latches the counter, converts the latched signal into a digital signal, and transmits the signal to the microcomputer unit.

 The first, second, third, and fourth dual BCD counters are composed of an HEF 4518B, and have an active high clock input terminal nCP0, an active low clock input terminal nCP1, and a 4-bit buffer output terminal Q0, Q1, and Q2. Q3) and the master reset input terminal nMR are configured.

 As shown in Table 1, the counter pulse has an active high clock input terminal nCP0 in the positive region ↑, a high signal is input to the active low clock input terminal nCP1, and a master reset input terminal nMR. When a low signal is inputted, a counter pulse is generated through the 4-bit buffer output terminals Q0, Q1, Q2, and Q3.

 In addition, as shown in Table 1, the counter pulse has a low signal input to the active high clock input terminal nCP0, the active low clock input terminal nCP1 is in the negative region ↓, and the master reset input terminal nMR. When a low signal is input to the counter, a counter pulse is generated through the 4-bit buffer output terminals Q0, Q1, Q2, and Q3.

Table 1

nCP0	nCP1	nMR	Mode
↑	H	L	Counter pulse
L	↓	L	Counter pulse
↓	X	L	No change
X	↑	L	No change
↑	L	L	No change
H	↓	L	No change
X	X	H	nQ0 to nQ3 = LOW

 The active high clock input terminal nCP0 is connected to the output terminal P1.2 of the microcomputer unit, and receives a frequency of the crystal oscillator from the microcomputer unit to generate a high clock.

 The active low clock input terminal nCP1 is connected to the output terminal P1.3 of the microcomputer unit and receives a frequency of the crystal oscillator from the microcomputer unit to generate a low clock.

 The master reset input terminal nMR is connected to the output terminal P1.4 of the microcomputer unit to receive a master reset frequency from the microcomputer unit to reset the dual BCD counter.

 The active high clock input terminal nCP0 and the active low clock input terminal nCP1 have pulses at the active high clock input terminal nCP0 and the active low clock input terminal nCP1 through a synchronization circuit configured inside a dual BCD counter. Synchronize to prevent glitches that occur when they occur.

 The latch signal is connected to the output terminal P1.5 of the microcomputer unit and serves to regenerate a pulse having a constant pulse width based on the pulse selected by the microcomputer unit.

 The first D / A converter is connected to a first A / D converter connected to one side of the microcomputer, and the second D / A converter is connected to a second A / D converter connected to one side of the microcomputer.

 The microcomputer unit (MCU) 270 is an audio signal and a wake-up signal received from the RDS FM transceiver and are simultaneously input to the input terminal in multiple channels,

 In response to the received wake-up signal, the state is changed from the standby state to the operating state to wake up the operation of the PWM power microcomputer and the ultrasonic sensor unit, and supply power to each device.

 It controls RDS FM transceiver to transmit measured snowfall measurement data signal to remote central control server. It consists of 89C52 8-bit microcontroller.

 That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the microcomputer according to the present invention is connected to the output terminal of the RDS FM transceiver for the input / output port P1.0 terminal, and receives the wake-up signal PW_ON from the RDS FM transceiver.

 The output terminal of the ultrasonic sensor unit 250 is connected to the input / output port P1.1 terminal, and receives data about the change and intensity of the ultrasonic wave from the ultrasonic sensor unit 250.

 An active high clock input terminal (nCP0) is connected to the input / output port P1.2 terminal to output a crystal oscillator clock to the active high clock input terminal (nCP0).

 Active low clock input terminal (nCP1) is connected to input / output port P1.3 terminal,

 The output of the crystal oscillator is output to the active low clock input terminal (nCP1). A master reset input terminal (nMR) is connected to the input / output port P1.4 terminal to reset the dual BCD counter, and the input / output ports P0.0 to P0. Set the 7 terminal to the 8-bit digital signal input terminal,

 The first A / D converter unit and the second A / D converter unit are connected to each other, and the ultrasonic counter latched from the counter PLD latch unit 260 is input, and calculates and displays the numerical value of snowfall to three decimal places through internal calculation. Board ID setting part 123a is connected to the I / O port P2.0 ~ 2.5 terminal,

 Through the board ID setting unit 123a, the first A / D converter unit and the second A / D converter unit corresponding to the ID set according to the 2-bit address value of AD0, AD1, AD2 are selected so as to be selected.

 Input command G1 of board ID setting part is connected to write command signal (WD) terminal to send write command signal to board ID setting part.

 Input terminal G2A of the board ID setting unit is connected to the read command signal RD to send a read command signal to the board ID setting unit.

 One end of an input terminal of the RDS FM transceiver is connected to the transmitting terminal TXD, and one end of an output terminal of the RDS FM transceiver is connected to the receiving terminal RXD, thereby performing bidirectional data communication with the RDS FM transceiver.

 In addition, the microcomputer according to the present invention is configured with a board ID setting unit 271 on one side.

 The board ID setting unit is connected to the address setting terminal of the microcomputer unit,

 In order for the first A / D converter unit and the second A / D converter unit to be selected according to the address value set in the microcomputer unit,

 After setting a specific board ID for the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter, either one of the first A / D converter and the second A / D converter corresponding to the specific board ID It plays a role of relaying to be selected by the negative read command signal RD and the write command signal WD, and is composed of 74LS138 TTL elements.

 The board ID setting unit is connected to the input terminal A, B, C of the 2-bit address setting terminal (AD0, AD1, AD2) of the microcomputer unit, and the write command signal (WD) terminal and the read command of the microcomputer unit to the input terminals G1, G2A. Signal RD is connected,

 The first A / D converter is connected to the output terminal Y0, the second A / D converter is connected to the output terminal Y1, and the first A corresponding to the specific board ID is performed by two-bit operation of the input terminals A, B, and C. The / D converter section and the second A / D converter section are selected by 2 bits.

That is, when the specific board ID is "00" by two-bit operation of the input terminals A, B and C, the first A / D converter unit is selected and the specific board is performed by the two-bit operation of the input terminals A, B and C. If the ID is " 01 ", the second A / D converter section is selected.

 In addition, the microcomputer 270 according to the present invention receives a wake-up signal as a data signal from the RDS FM transceiver,

 It switches from the standby state to the operating state, wakes up the PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL and the ultrasonic sensor, and controls the output signal to be outputted to the PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL. Supply to each device.

 That is, a wake up signal, which is one of the data signals transmitted from the RDS FM transceiver, is input, and the power of the PWM power & battery and the ultrasonic sensor are turned on at 0.5 mA to 1.5 mA. .

 According to the present invention, when the ultrasonic counter latched from the counter PLD latch unit 260 is input, the microcomputer calculates a numerical value of snowfall through internal calculation.

 As an example, a process of fixing the sound waves in the air at 331 m / sec, calculating the clock frequency of three decimal places, and calculating the amount of snowfall will be described.

 And, after calculating the amount of snow when the ultrasonic sensor portion of the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 is located at the bottom surface and the upper direction 2m,

 Again, the amount of snow is calculated by moving the ultrasonic sensor unit of the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module 200 in the lower direction at 50cm intervals (2m, 1.5m, 1m, 0.5m).

In the present invention, when the amount of snowfall is calculated to be rounded to three decimal places.

 First, the sound waves in the air are converted into a snowfall value (1 mm) and a period (n_sec).

 That is, since the sound waves in the air is 331 m / s, when converted into m and m_sec,

331m = 1,000m_sec,

 Converting this back into mm and n_sec, 331,000 mm = 1,000,000,000 n_sec.

`At this time, if it is converted into a snowfall value, it can be seen that 1mm = 3,021n_sec.

 Converting period (T) = 3021 n_sec to frequency,

 Frequency (F) = 1 / T

         = 1 / 3,021n_sec

         = 331.016 Khz.

 Next, after calculating the main clock of the microcomputer unit through the 32 frequency divider circuit, the microcomputer converts the main clock into a period n_sec.

 That is, if the main clock (main clock) of the microcomputer unit is 11.0592 Mhz, when calculated through a 32-division circuit, it becomes 345.600Khz (T = 2,894n_sec).

 Next, the value countered by the counter PLD latch unit 260 (e.g., constant 300mm) is multiplied by a period (e.g., 127n_sec) comparing the period of the sound wave in the air with the period of the main clock of the microcomputer unit,

 After dividing the sound wave in the air by the value of snowfall (3,021 n_sec), the calculated integer value (e.g., 12.61mm) is subtracted from the counter value (e.g., constant 300mm) through the counter PLD latch unit 260, After dividing 2, the snowfall value is obtained by subtracting from the current position value of the ultrasonic sensor located in the bottom and top direction.

 For example, if the value countered by the counter PLD latch unit 260 is a constant 300mm, multiply it by 127n_sec and divide the multiplied number by 3,021 n_sec to obtain an integer value of 12.61mm.

 Since the value countered by the counter PLD latch unit 260 is a constant 300, subtracting an integer value of 12.61 mm yields 287.38 mm.

Then divide by 2 and you get 143.69mm.

 Here, the reason for the division 2 is to calculate the exact snowfall value in consideration of the transmitted distance and the reflected distance because the ultrasonic sensor is reflected by the snow accumulated on the floor.

 Subsequently, a snowfall amount of 1856.31 mm is obtained by subtracting 143.69 mm obtained by dividing 2 from the current position value of the ultrasonic sensor unit located at the bottom surface and the upper direction (as it is 2 m, 2000 mm).

 Here, the amount of snowfall is, as an example, a value calculated for convenience of calculation.

 Next, by moving the ultrasonic sensor unit of the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 in the bottom direction at 50cm intervals to calculate the snowfall by repeating the above process.

 Next, the average value is calculated from the counter values calculated at 2 m, 1.5 m, 1 m, and 0.5 m, and the final snowfall value is calculated.

 For example, when the ultrasonic sensor portion of the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 is located at a position of 2m in the bottom and the top direction, the snowfall value is 1856.31mm,

 When the ultrasonic sensor portion of the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 is located at the bottom and the top direction 1.5m position, the snowfall value is 1840.78mm,

 When the ultrasonic sensor portion of the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 is located at a position 1m in the bottom and top direction, the snowfall value is 1860.23mm,

 If the amount of snowfall is calculated to be 1845.64mm when the ultrasonic sensor part of the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 is positioned at 0.5m in the bottom and top directions, the 1856.31mm + 1840.78mm + 1860.23mm + 1845.64mm are added together. If you divide by 4, you get 1850.74mm. The value at this time is set to the final snowfall value.

 Here, the amount of snowfall is, as an example, a value calculated for convenience of calculation.

 In addition, the microcomputer according to the present invention is set to send a left and right rotation signal to the rotary head joint is installed before the drive signal to the ultrasonic sensor of the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200.

 Here, the left and right rotation signal of the microcomputer unit rotates the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module 200 left and right at an angle of ± 30 ~ 90 °.

 That is, in order to reduce the occurrence of errors in snowfall measurement due to snow accumulated on the top surface of the ultrasonic sensor, the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 is rotated left and right at an angle of ± 30 to 90 ° and stacked on the top surface of the ultrasonic sensor. Brush your eyes off.

 Hereinafter, a detailed operation process of the snowfall measurement method using the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module according to the present invention.

 First, the solar cell is collected through a solar panel installed on the upper side of the support frame, charged with electricity generated by generating electricity, and then supplied power to the RDS FM snowfall measuring module.

 Next, through the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module receives the audio signal and wake-up signal transmitted from the central control server of the remote in the FM band (76 ~ 108MHz) and delivers to the microcomputer (MCU).

 Next, when the microcomputer receives the wake-up signal from the RDS FM transmitter / receiver, it switches from the standby state to the operating state to convert the PWM power microcomputer (PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL) and PWM power microcomputer (PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL). Supply power to each device through

 Next, the microcomputer unit sends a left and right rotation signal to the rotary head joint provided with the ultrasonic sensor unit, and then operates the ultrasonic sensor unit.

 Next, the ultrasonic sensor unit 250 transmits the ultrasonic wave to the bottom direction and measures the change or intensity of the ultrasonic wave reflected and returned to the microcomputer unit.

 Next, when the ultrasonic counter latched from the counter PLD latch unit 260 is input to the microcomputer unit, the numerical value of the snow amount is calculated through internal calculation.

 First, the sound waves in the air are converted into a snowfall value (1 mm) and a period (n_sec).

Subsequently, the main clock of the microcomputer unit is calculated through the 32 division circuit, and then converted into a period n_sec.

 Subsequently, the value countered by the counter PLD latch unit 260 (e.g., a constant 300mm) is multiplied by a period (e.g., 127n_sec) comparing the period according to the sound wave in the air with the period of the main clock of the microcomputer unit (e.g., 127n_sec). After dividing the sound wave by the snowfall value (3,021 n_sec), the calculated integer value (e.g. 12.61mm) is subtracted from the counter value (e.g. constant 300mm) by the counter PLD latch unit 260, and divided by 2 Get the snowfall value by.

 Subsequently, the amount of snowfall is calculated by repeating the above process by moving the ultrasonic sensor unit of the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module 200 in the bottom direction at 50 cm intervals.

Next, the average value is calculated from the counter values calculated at 2 m, 1.5 m, 1 m, and 0.5 m, and the final snowfall value is calculated.

 Next, the microcomputer unit (MCU) transmits the snowfall measurement data signal to the input terminal RIN of the RDS FM transceiver.

 At this time, the TX antenna of the RDS FM transmitter and receiver is a snowfall measurement data signal along with an audio signal to a handset, a hand furry, an MP3 player, a GPS / navigation, a satellite digital audio radio, and a mobile phone, which are in close proximity to the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module. Send.

 Next, the RDS FM transceiver 210 transmits the snowfall measurement data signal to the central control server at a remote location through the FM band (76 to 108 MHz).

Claims (7)

1.  In the device for measuring the amount of snow installed on a support frame having a certain height,

   The snowfall measuring device 1 is installed on one side of the upper end of the support frame,

    After collecting solar power and charging electricity generated in the battery, the solar panel 100 used as a power source for the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module,

    Located at the bottom of the solar panel, it is supplied with self-generated power from the solar panel, and is driven by receiving audio signals and wake-up signals transmitted from a central control server at a remote location through the FM band (76 to 108 MHz).

    Snowfall measurement device using the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module, characterized in that it comprises a RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 for transmitting the snowfall measurement data signal measured by the ultrasonic wave to a central control server of a remote location.
2.  The method of claim 1,

    RDS FM type snowfall measurement module 200

   Receives audio signal and wake-up signal transmitted from central control server of remote place through FM band (76 ~ 108MHz), and transmits it to microcomputer unit (MCU),

    Audio signals and precipitation measurement data signals are sequentially transmitted to channels, such as handsets, hands-free, MP3 players, GPS / navigations, satellite digital audio radios, and mobile phones, which are located close to the snowfall measuring device.

    RDS FM transmission and reception unit 210 for transmitting the snowfall measurement data signal to the central control server of the remote place through the FM band (76 ~ 108MHz),

    PWM power microcomputer (PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL) 220 for supplying stable power to the rechargeable battery by converting the power flowing into the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module into DC_DC and controlling it with PWM method;

    An overcurrent overvoltage protection circuit 230 which prevents overcurrent and overvoltage from flowing into the rechargeable battery BAT and prevents discharge and overdischarge of the rechargeable battery;

    A secondary battery power supply unit 240 connected to one side of the microcomputer unit and supplying power to the RDS-FM type snowfall measuring module through the secondary battery when the voltage charged in the solar panel is insufficient;

    An ultrasonic sensor unit 250 connected to one side of the microcomputer unit and transmitting ultrasonic waves in the bottom direction and detecting changes or intensities of the ultrasonic waves reflected back to the microcomputer unit;

    When measuring snowfall through the ultrasonic sensor unit, send an ultrasonic discharge counter to the ultrasonic sensor unit through a programmable logic device (PLD),

    A counter PLD latch unit 260 which latches the ultrasonic wave transmitting counter according to the time when the reflected sound returns after the ultrasonic wave is fired in the bottom direction, converts the latched signal into an analog signal and transmits it to the microcomputer unit;

    The audio signal and the wake-up signal received from the RDS FM transmitter / receiver are simultaneously input to the input terminal in multiple channels, and are switched from the standby state to the operating state according to the received wake-up signal to wake up the operation of the PWM power microcomputer and the ultrasonic sensor unit. ,

    RDS FM type, characterized in that consisting of a microcomputer unit (MCU) 270 for supplying power to each device, controlling the RDS FM transceiver to transmit the measured snowfall measurement data signal to a remote central control server Snowfall measurement device using snowfall measurement module.
3.  The method of claim 2,

    The RDS FM transceiver 210

    An RX antenna with FM radio reception is connected to the FMI terminal,

    TX antenna with FM transmission is connected to TXO terminal, low voltage regulator (LDO) is connected to VDD terminal and GND terminal,

   The FM radio signal received through the X antenna is internal

    After the FM tuner, the tuner is connected to the audio output terminal ROUT.

    Through the data output terminal LOUT, it is transferred to the input terminals RB4, RB5, RB6, and RB7 of the microcomputer unit (MCU) composed of four channels.

    A data signal is input from the microcomputer unit (MCU) to the input terminal LIN, and an audio transmission command signal is input from the microcomputer unit (MCU) to the input terminal RIN.

    It is configured to transmit snow measurement data signal along with audio signal to peripheral devices such as handsets, hands-free, MP3 player, GPS / navigation, satellite digital audio radio and mobile phone which are located in close proximity to RDS FM type snowfall measurement module via TX antenna Snowfall measurement device using the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module, characterized in that.
4.  The method of claim 2,

    The PWM power microcomputer unit (PWM POWER & BAT CONTROL) 220

   Apply the voltage set by the resistor R138 to the INV terminal of the DC / DC converter.

    When electric and commercial power (18V ~ 50V) generated from the solar panel is divided by voltage through resistors R123, R125, and R127 and applied to the V + terminal and the current peak sense terminal (SI) of the DC / DC converter,

    After comparing the voltage input to the comparison inverter input terminal (INV) of the DC / DC converter and the internal reference voltage (1.25V) through a comparator,

    If the voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the input DC is switched to 1.5A in the DC-DC converter (NJM2360) to make AC.

    Transistor Q4 is turned on via sense resistor R133, and the voltage-distributed SOL_POWER voltage and the commercial power supply (16V to 50V) at the collector terminal of transistor Q4 are smoothed through diode D69 across the emitter terminal.

    5.2V is output through the inductor L5 snowfall measurement device using the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module, characterized in that configured to charge the rechargeable battery (BAT).
5.  The method of claim 2,

    The counter PLD latch unit 260 is

   In order for the constant part of the snowfall number to be expressed,

    A first dual BCD counter for sending an ultrasonic sending counter to the ultrasonic sensor unit and latching the ultrasonic sending counter according to the time when the reflected sound returns after the ultrasonic firing in the bottom direction, converting the latched signal into a digital signal and sending it to the microcomputer unit. With a BCD counter,

    In order to express the amount of snowfall to three decimal places, an ultrasonic sending counter is sent to the ultrasonic sensor unit, and the ultrasonic sending counter is latched according to the time when the reflected sound returns after the ultrasonic firing in the bottom direction.

    A third dual BCD counter for converting the latched signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to the microcomputer unit;

    A first D / A converter unit converting the latched signal output from the first dual BCD counter and the second dual BCD counter into an analog signal;

    And a second D / A converter unit converting the latched signal output from the third dual BCD counter and the fourth dual BCD counter into a digital signal.
6.  Collecting solar light through the solar panel and charging the battery with electricity generated by generating electricity, and then supplying power to the RDS-FM type snowfall measurement module (S100);

    Receiving an audio signal and a wake-up signal transmitted from the central control server of the remote in the FM band (76 ~ 108MHz) through the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module and delivering to the microcomputer (MCU) (S200),

    When the microcomputer receives the wake-up signal from the RDS-FM transmitter / receiver, it switches from the standby state to the operating state to wake up the operation of the PWM power & battery control and the PWM power & battery control. Supplying power to each device through (S300),

    After transmitting the left and right rotation signal to the rotary head joint is installed in the ultrasonic sensor unit from the microcomputer unit, and operating the ultrasonic sensor unit (S400),

    The ultrasonic sensor unit 250 transmits the ultrasonic wave to the bottom direction and measures the change or intensity of the ultrasonic wave reflected and returned to the microcomputer unit (S500),

    When the ultrasonic counter latched from the counter PLD latch unit 260 is input to the microcomputer unit, calculating a snowfall value through internal calculation (S600);

    Transmitting a snowfall measurement data signal from a microcomputer (MCU) to an input terminal RIN of the RDS FM transceiver (S700);

    RDS FM transceiver 210 transmits the snowfall measurement data signal to the central control server of the remote location through the FM band (76 ~ 108MHz) (S800) characterized in that the snowfall measurement using the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module Way.
7.  The method of claim 6,

    When the ultrasonic counter latched from the counter PLD latch unit 260 is input to the microcomputer unit, the step of calculating a snowfall value through internal calculation (S600)

    Converting sound waves in the air into a snowfall value (1 mm) and a period (n_sec) (S610),

    Computing the main clock of the microcomputer unit through a 32-dividing circuit, and converting it to a period n_sec (S620);

    The value countered by the counter PLD latch unit 260 is multiplied by the difference value comparing the period of the sound wave in the air with the period of the main clock of the microcomputer unit,

    After dividing the sound wave in the air by the value of snowfall, the calculated integer value is subtracted from the counter value through the counter PLD latch unit 260, divided by 2, and then the ultrasonic sensor unit located in the bottom surface and the upper direction. Calculating a snowfall value by subtracting the current position value (S630);

    Comprising the steps of calculating the amount of snow repeatedly by repeating the above calculation process by moving the ultrasonic sensor unit of the RDS FM-type snowfall measurement module 200 in 50cm intervals (S640),

    Obtaining the average value of the counter value calculated at 2m, 1.5m, 1m, 0.5m, calculating the final snowfall value (S650) Snowfall measurement method using the RDS FM type snowfall measurement module, characterized in that consisting of.

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