WO2012087251A1 - Artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber formulations - Google Patents

Artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber formulations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012087251A1
WO2012087251A1 PCT/TH2011/000033 TH2011000033W WO2012087251A1 WO 2012087251 A1 WO2012087251 A1 WO 2012087251A1 TH 2011000033 W TH2011000033 W TH 2011000033W WO 2012087251 A1 WO2012087251 A1 WO 2012087251A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic
coconut fiber
fiber
range
pallets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TH2011/000033
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Bumrung JADSADAPHONGPHAIBOOL
Original Assignee
Jadsadaphongphaibool Bumrung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from TH1003001319U external-priority patent/TH7233A3/en
Application filed by Jadsadaphongphaibool Bumrung filed Critical Jadsadaphongphaibool Bumrung
Publication of WO2012087251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012087251A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/045—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with vegetable or animal fibrous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00039—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00074—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00109—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00119—Materials for the construction of the reinforcements
    • B65D2519/00144—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/329—Phosphorus containing acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
    • C08K3/014—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light or ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08L23/12—Polypropene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L91/06—Waxes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

Definitions

  • the prepared formulations of the artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber was researched and tested in laboratory. Then this formulation was produced in factory. Both single screw extrusion and twin screw extrusion were used to blend and heat plastic in order to melt and mix up it with the coconut fiber and other chemicals.
  • the amount ratio of the plastic was in the range 10.0-20.0%
  • coconut fiber was in the range 70.0-80.0% and for additive chemicals: lubricant amount was in the range 7.9-10.0%
  • binder was in the range 2.0-3.9% and 2 type of antioxidants which either of their ratio was 0.05%.
  • the mixture was mixed in the barrel which temperature was set at 150-180 degrees Celsius before it was extruded as product in the shape of log. After that the product was cut into required size for compose as artificial wooden pallets in various formats.
  • This invention was related in the field of Materials Engineering in the part of the productive formula of the artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber.
  • pallet or wooden base facilitate deliverance and reduce difficulty in managing the store so they plays an important role in shipping and 20 storing goods.
  • pallets were composed from genuine wood sheet but today natural wood is rare and also costly so we solve these problems by using extruded plastic instead of wood to build the pallet.
  • the advantage of plastic pallet are durable, strong, not brittle and can be produced in various formats as consumer require.
  • plastic, but also iron is used instead of wood in recently.
  • utilization of natural wood or plastic or iron also destroy environment and waste energy so today residue from natural and plastic production in manufactory were reused.
  • By mixing recycled plastic with natural fiber wasted from production of consumer product, then melted the mixture through heating process. After that extrude product via extrusion technique. Finally,the product was cut and decorated into required size.
  • compositions of coconut fiber polyolefins for replace natural wood with invention of application number 100300319 "Artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber productive formula” are amount of compositions in production and products of application number 1003001318 are in the shape of pills that have to pass forming process before use which are so much different from products of application numberl 00300319 that results in the form of instant products ready to use further. «
  • Steps of productive pallets starting from select and filter out of coconut fiber Fiber size were in the range 1-3 millimeter and suitable pure ratio of coconut fiber for formulations of productive of the artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber is approximates 19.0-20.0 times of suitable moisture 3.0-10.0% through take oven fiber with steam at 50-70 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes. Then fiber was exposed to the sun for convenient moisture at 3-10% which plastic for productive is thermoplastic such as polyolefins by means of formulation of pure polyethylene or formulation of mixed polypropylene include new tablets of plastics or recycle plastics. After that take selected fiber to dried mixes with plastic and chemicals such as compatibilizers and processing aids. Ratio of coconut fiber was in the range 70.0-80.0% by weight.
  • Ratio of plastics at 10.0-20.0% by weight and ratio of the mixture of lubricants, reinforcement and antioxidants 10.0-14.0%. the total mixture were mixed and processed by extrusion molding. Temperature in barrel was in the range 150-180 degrees Celsius and pressure die at 200-250 bars to press mixed liquid for high density when total mixture was mixed and ejected to final products as long pallets that size 3-4 inches and was set by cooling system. Then products was cut at 120 centimeter and post production up to applications. From productive pallets that different ratio from previously invention. Properties of pallets products is shown in Table. Properties Unit WPC Method

Abstract

The formulations of productive artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber was invented to replace wooden building materials. From natural and renewable materials used to make pallets. The raw material are abundant are everyday life to increase value and benefits. It can also help reduce leavings in the country. The consumption of coconut fiber was in the range 70.0-80.0% of ingredients. Ratio of used plastic 10.0-20.0% of total mixture. In addition ratio of lubricants, reinforcement and antioxidants were in the range of 7.9-10.0%, 2.0-3.9% and 0.05% respectively. That have suitable moisture content. Moreover pallets are easy to assembly by sawing, cutting, planing and nailing like genuine wood.

Description

Details of the invention
Title of Invention ARTIFICIAL WOODEN PALLETS FROM PLASTIC AND
COCONUT FIBER FORMULATIONS
Directions and Focus of The Invention
The prepared formulations of the artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber was researched and tested in laboratory. Then this formulation was produced in factory. Both single screw extrusion and twin screw extrusion were used to blend and heat plastic in order to melt and mix up it with the coconut fiber and other chemicals. The amount ratio of the plastic was in the range 10.0-20.0%, coconut fiber was in the range 70.0-80.0% and for additive chemicals: lubricant amount was in the range 7.9-10.0%, binder was in the range 2.0-3.9% and 2 type of antioxidants which either of their ratio was 0.05%. The mixture was mixed in the barrel which temperature was set at 150-180 degrees Celsius before it was extruded as product in the shape of log. After that the product was cut into required size for compose as artificial wooden pallets in various formats.
Technical Field
This invention was related in the field of Materials Engineering in the part of the productive formula of the artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber.
Background Art
In various industry today pallet or wooden base facilitate deliverance and reduce difficulty in managing the store so they plays an important role in shipping and 20 storing goods. At the beginning pallets were composed from genuine wood sheet but today natural wood is rare and also costly so we solve these problems by using extruded plastic instead of wood to build the pallet. The advantage of plastic pallet are durable, strong, not brittle and can be produced in various formats as consumer require. Not only plastic, but also iron is used instead of wood in recently. However utilization of natural wood or plastic or iron also destroy environment and waste energy so today residue from natural and plastic production in manufactory were reused. By mixing recycled plastic with natural fiber, wasted from production of consumer product, then melted the mixture through heating process. After that extrude product via extrusion technique. Finally,the product was cut and decorated into required size. The outstanding characteristic of plastic and wood scrap composites was ease to use since they could be planed sawed and nailed likes general wood. Therefore this invention incorporates the outstanding character of the product about its uncomplicated utilization that can be composed as pallet in the same process like genuine wood with the outstanding properties of it which include good points of plastic and wood together. This invention mentioned above is different 35 from the invention of the application number 0301001738 in the point of specified type of fiber. This invention mentioned above indicates coconut fiber, amount of fiber, type of blended polymer, type and amount of additive and productive process in which exactly indicates ratio of ingredients as shown in application number 1003001319. While difference between invention of application number 1003001318 40"Compositions of coconut fiber polyolefins for replace natural wood" with invention of application number 100300319 "Artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber productive formula" are amount of compositions in production and products of application number 1003001318 are in the shape of pills that have to pass forming process before use which are so much different from products of application numberl 00300319 that results in the form of instant products ready to use further. «
Disclosure of Invention
Steps of productive pallets starting from select and filter out of coconut fiber. Fiber size were in the range 1-3 millimeter and suitable pure ratio of coconut fiber for formulations of productive of the artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber is approximates 19.0-20.0 times of suitable moisture 3.0-10.0% through take oven fiber with steam at 50-70 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes. Then fiber was exposed to the sun for convenient moisture at 3-10% which plastic for productive is thermoplastic such as polyolefins by means of formulation of pure polyethylene or formulation of mixed polypropylene include new tablets of plastics or recycle plastics. After that take selected fiber to dried mixes with plastic and chemicals such as compatibilizers and processing aids. Ratio of coconut fiber was in the range 70.0-80.0% by weight. Ratio of plastics at 10.0-20.0% by weight and ratio of the mixture of lubricants, reinforcement and antioxidants 10.0-14.0%. the total mixture were mixed and processed by extrusion molding. Temperature in barrel was in the range 150-180 degrees Celsius and pressure die at 200-250 bars to press mixed liquid for high density when total mixture was mixed and ejected to final products as long pallets that size 3-4 inches and was set by cooling system. Then products was cut at 120 centimeter and post production up to applications. From productive pallets that different ratio from previously invention. Properties of pallets products is shown in Table. Properties Unit WPC Method
Density g/cm3 0.99 - 1.00 ASTM D 1505
Flexural strength MPa 21 ASTM D 790
Flexural modulus MPa 2500 ASTM D 790
Water absorption % 0.9 ASTM D 1037
The results in Table showed that density of artificial wooden pallets was in the range 0.99-1.00 g/cm3. For flexural strength was 21 Mpa and flexural modulus of pallets products was shown was 2500 Mpa. Water absorption shown at 0.9%, respectively. Testing method according to ATSM as shown in Table which guided how to test and how to prepare specimens.
Best Mode for Carrying out the Invention
Already showed in topic of complete disclosure of the invention complete

Claims

Claims
1. the productive formulations of artificial wooden pallets from plastic coconut fiber consist of
a. content of coconut fiber was in the range 70.0-80.0% of total mixture b. Thermoplastic was used
c. Lubricants for example wax was in the range 7.9-10.0%
d. Reinforcement and coupling agent was in the range 2.0-3.9%
e. Phenolic antioxidants at 0.05%
f. Phosphite antioxidants at 0.05%
2. The productive formulations according to application number 1. that size of coconut fiber was in the range 1-3 millimeter, pure ratio 19-20 times of content of moisture 3-10 %
3. The productive formulations according to application number 1. that select new tablet of plastic or recycle of plastic which select more than one type.
4. The steps of productive formulations processing from plastic and coconut fiber according to application number 1.
a. prepared fiber by dryer with steam at 50-70 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes. Then fiber was exposed to the sun for convenient moisture at 3-10 %.
b. The materials is mixed with fiber that through process based on 4.a by dry-mixing. Then melted and molded by extruder at 150-180 degrees Celsius by adjusting the front entrance to the mold, pressure at 200-250 bar.
PCT/TH2011/000033 2010-12-21 2011-08-16 Artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fiber formulations WO2012087251A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TH1003001319 2010-12-21
TH1003001319U TH7233A3 (en) 2010-12-21 Recipe for making artificial wooden pallets from plastic and coconut fibers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012087251A1 true WO2012087251A1 (en) 2012-06-28

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020040557A1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-11 Felton Colin C. Composite roofing panel
DE10114057A1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2002-09-12 Kanold Jens Use of crushed nut shells, e.g. from peanuts, walnuts and coconuts as plates and palettes, as heat insulting material in the building industry and as filler for furniture
EP1541477A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2005-06-15 St. Truth Co. Ltd. Method and system for producing pallet
WO2008074310A2 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 E & W Greenland Gmbh Material for the production of a molded body, and a molded body
CN102108159A (en) * 2009-12-28 2011-06-29 上海日之升新技术发展有限公司 Cocoanut fiber reinforced polypropylene complex and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020040557A1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-11 Felton Colin C. Composite roofing panel
DE10114057A1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2002-09-12 Kanold Jens Use of crushed nut shells, e.g. from peanuts, walnuts and coconuts as plates and palettes, as heat insulting material in the building industry and as filler for furniture
EP1541477A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2005-06-15 St. Truth Co. Ltd. Method and system for producing pallet
WO2008074310A2 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 E & W Greenland Gmbh Material for the production of a molded body, and a molded body
CN102108159A (en) * 2009-12-28 2011-06-29 上海日之升新技术发展有限公司 Cocoanut fiber reinforced polypropylene complex and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 201155, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2011-J87021, XP002662666 *

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