WO2012113962A1 - Device and method for purifying water - Google Patents
Device and method for purifying water Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012113962A1 WO2012113962A1 PCT/ES2012/070109 ES2012070109W WO2012113962A1 WO 2012113962 A1 WO2012113962 A1 WO 2012113962A1 ES 2012070109 W ES2012070109 W ES 2012070109W WO 2012113962 A1 WO2012113962 A1 WO 2012113962A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- container
- water purification
- purification device
- bag
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
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- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver nitrate Substances [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XRCFXMGQEVUZFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisindione Chemical group C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1=O XRCFXMGQEVUZFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960002138 anisindione Drugs 0.000 claims 1
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 6
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
- C02F1/002—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using small portable filters for producing potable water, e.g. personal travel or emergency equipment, survival kits, combat gear
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F9/20—Portable or detachable small-scale multistage treatment devices, e.g. point of use or laboratory water purification systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2307/00—Location of water treatment or water treatment device
- C02F2307/02—Location of water treatment or water treatment device as part of a bottle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K2207/00—Application of thermometers in household appliances
- G01K2207/02—Application of thermometers in household appliances for measuring food temperature
- G01K2207/06—Application of thermometers in household appliances for measuring food temperature for preparation purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the water treatment sector, and more specifically to water purification devices or devices for consumption, domestic use or any application.
- the main object of the present invention is a water purification device that allows the filtration, purification and distillation of water, only from its solar exposure, without the use of any electrical energy, also standing out for its portable character and simple operation .
- Groundwater is the largest reservoir of drinking water easily accessible to civilization, so pollution is a serious problem. There are no globally accepted standard values to define drinking water, since these vary in different countries in
- Waterborne diseases can have different causes; In general terms, the main risk of disease is associated with the ingestion of surface or ground water contaminated with bacteria from human or animal fecal matter. Infectious diseases, mostly intestinal, range from mild gastroenteritis to severe (sometimes fatal) diarrhea, hepatitis and typhoid fever.
- UV light which destroys and destroys bacteria, viruses, microorganisms and other pathogenic germs present in water
- Said disinfection mechanism It is based on a physical phenomenon whereby the short waves of ultraviolet radiation are absorbed by the reproductive mechanism of bacteria and viruses by destroying them in a short time, without producing notable physical or chemical changes in the treated water.
- thermochromic paints which change color with the temperature reversibly.
- the color and transition temperature of said thermochromic paints can be custom designed according to the needs of each application.
- the technical problem that arises here is the inability that currently exists to filter, purify and distill water using a single device, and that this is also portable and easy to use, for use both outdoors and indoors, without using No type of electrical or electronic component, and without the requirement of batteries or power batteries.
- the aforementioned drawbacks are resolved by providing a water purification device and method that stands out primarily for allowing filtration, purification and distillation of water, only from solar energy, without the incorporation of any electrical component (batteries , batteries, sensors, etc.), which results in a lower manufacturing cost, also standing out for its portable and ergonomic character that allows to increase its range of applications and gives it the ability to be used in any place and / or situation, both indoors and outdoors .
- the purification device described here does not require any prior training for its use, since its handling is simple, suitable for use by any person, not excluding children or the elderly.
- the water purification device object of the invention comprises at least:
- thermochromic paint preferably of cylindrical and vertical configuration, intended to house inside the water to be purified, and which has on its surface an area provided with thermochromic paint and another transparent area,
- a central piece intended to be inserted inside the container, and comprising a vertical tube at the lower end of which has a horizontal coaxial body of greater diameter than the tube, and provided with filtration holes in its upper face, also presenting said coaxial body a perimeter recess in which an O-ring is located to generate the necessary pressure for filtering the water contained in the container, providing a total tightness to prevent leaks and water outflows,
- a micropore bag preferably nylon, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body of the centerpiece, said bag containing a micropore filter material, such as granular activated carbon, ultrafine resin or the like, for filtration and purification of the older water, - a filter cover, arranged internally next to the bag, said lid being the first filter element intended to come into contact with the water to be treated, with a plurality of filter holes being provided on its surface, and
- thermochromic paint of the container is adapted to visually indicate to the user the moment in which the water is already purified by a color change of said zone, after reaching the water at a certain temperature, preferably 60 Q C, during its solar exposition.
- Ultraviolet (UV) radiation absorbed by water acts directly on the DNA, nucleic acids and enzymes of living cells, changing their molecular structure and causing cell death.
- the infrared (IR) radiation absorbed by the area with thermochromic paint is responsible for heating the water.
- the microorganisms are sensitive to heat, so that approximately 99.9% of the microorganisms in the water die when the water is at a temperature between 50-60 Q C for a period of one hour.
- thermochromic paint to change color and turn white, due to a loss of color properties.
- thermochromic paint is black, so that the absorbed radiation is greater and the water contained in the container raises its temperature more rapidly.
- the purification device object of the invention is provided additionally comprising a filter stop, located between the micropore bag and the coaxial body, adapted to act as a barrier and direct the filtered water only into the vertical tube of the centerpiece, filling only this enclosure and leaving the space created between the container and the vertical tube empty.
- said filter stop has on its lower face some dimensionally adapted projections to fit in the filtration holes of the coaxial body of the central part, so that said filter stop is fixed and secured without the possibility of any movement.
- the vertical tube has a groove in the vicinity of its upper end through which the water vapor can escape.
- the aforementioned closing means are comprised of two pieces, a first closing piece formed by a main body provided with an internal thread to fit in the upper edge of the container, and a central projecting body With an external thread.
- the second closure piece comprises a plug with an internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the protruding body mentioned above.
- both the first and the second closure piece have external reliefs to facilitate the grip by the user.
- the water purification device of the present invention additionally comprises an "antimicrobial" material that inhibits or eliminates the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the water, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, germs, pathogenic parasites or Similar.
- Said antimicrobial material is preferably incorporated in the container intended to contain the water, and / or in the bag containing the filtrate.
- said antimicrobial material can be incorporated directly into the plastic itself, or be arranged in a polymeric coating located on the inner surface of the container, acting as an antimicrobial protective layer.
- the antimicrobial material is incorporated in a polymeric coating intended to also be located on the inner surface of the container.
- the antimicrobial material in the bag, the latter is preferably incorporated in the bag's own manufacturing material.
- Said antimicrobial material is at least one selected from: colloidal silver, sand doped with silver, active carbon doped with silver, silver zeolite, silver and copper zeolite, zirconium phosphate and silver, silver nitrate and its aqueous solution, citrate of silver and its aqueous solution, and ion exchange resins doped with silver.
- the purification device described herein comprises additional filters composed of specific membranes for each of the materials to be removed.
- Said additional filters can be arranged as the first filtering phase, conveniently combining to treat different water qualities.
- the water purification process by the device described above is described below. Said procedure comprises the steps:
- thermochromic paint of the container changes color, which indicates that the water is already purified
- the solar rays act in the disinfection of the water contained in the device by the synergistic effect of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation absorbed by the water through the transparent area of the container, and the infrared (IR) radiation absorbed by the area of the container With thermochromic paint. This last one allows to reach high temperatures inside the device to produce thermal effects that, added to the action of the UV rays, cause the cell death of the bacteria.
- UV ultraviolet
- IR infrared
- the placement of the device for exposure to the sun is different; that is, if water purification is desired the device should be placed slightly inclined looking for the perpendicularity of the sun's rays for faster heating and water purification.
- the device in the case of distillation, the device must be exposed to the sun in an upright position to avoid mixing filtered and distilled water.
- the color change of the area with thermochromic paint does not indicate the conclusion of the distillation, so the user must look at the level of distilled water.
- the purification device described herein can be used to perform several water filtrations, subsequently filling several containers of equal or greater transmittance, for example transparent PET bottles, and exposing them to the sun at the same time as the purification device
- This way of proceeding allows us to obtain a greater quantity of drinking water, since having as reference the thermochromic paint of the device, the change of color of said paint indicates that all the exposed water, both of the bottles and of the device, is already purified.
- Figure 1 Shows an exploded view of the water purification device object of the invention.
- Figure 2. Shows a perspective view of the central body, where the upper grooves in the vertical tube are visible.
- Figure 3. Shows a schematic view where water purification can be seen through the purification process.
- Figure 4.- Shows a schematic view where water purification is observed by the distillation process.
- Figure 5. Shows a sectional view of the purification device object of the invention where the water distillation process is more fully appreciated.
- FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the water purification device (1) object of the invention, which comprises a container (2) of cylindrical and vertical configuration made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), intended to house inside the dirty water (30) to be purified, presenting on its surface an area with thermochromic paint (20) of black color, and an area of transparent material.
- the zone with thermochromic paint (20) is adapted to change color, to transparent, when the water reaches the temperature of 60 Q C due to its sun exposure.
- the container (2) has at its lower end a storage area (3) where solid waste and / or filtered sediments are housed.
- the purification device (1) also comprises a central part (4) also made of PET, intended to be inserted inside the container (2) to obtain filtered water (31) from the dirty water (30), such and how figures 3 and 4 represent.
- Said centerpiece (4) comprises a vertical tube (5) that has grooves (21) shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5 in the vicinity of its upper end, through which water vapor exit is possible filtered (31) for the distillation process, figure 4, as well as the exit to the outside of the existing drinking water between the inner walls of the container (2) and the outer walls of the vertical tube (5), as shown in figure 3.
- said central part (4) comprises at its lower end a horizontal coaxial body (6) of greater diameter than the tube (5), provided with some holes (7) in its face upper, said coaxial body (6) also presenting a perimeter recess (8), shown in Figure 1, in which a joint is intended to be located O-ring (9) made of silicone rubber that generates the necessary pressure to filter the water contained in the container (2), providing a total tightness to avoid leaks and water leaks.
- a nylon bag (10) with micropores can also be observed, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body (6) of the central piece (4), said bag (10) containing granular activated carbon, by which is obtained a greater filtration and purification of dirty water (30), eliminating any type of smell and color of it.
- said bag (10) containing granular activated carbon, by which is obtained a greater filtration and purification of dirty water (30), eliminating any type of smell and color of it.
- a cover (1 1) of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) with a plurality of filtering holes (12) can be seen, said lid being
- Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 show a means of closing (13) of PVC, which are dimensionally adapted to fit both the upper end of the container (2) and the vertical tube (5) of the center piece (4), providing a secure and tight seal of the entire device (1).
- (13) comprise a first closure piece formed by a main body
- the second closure piece comprises a plug (1 6) with an internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the protruding body (15) mentioned above.
- both the main body (14) and the plug (16) have reliefs (17) to facilitate the grip of the device (1) to the user.
- Said elements, main body (14) and plug (1 6) are manufactured in a white material to reflect the light and thus avoid high heating during its sun exposure, in relation to the other components of the device (1). This allows the user to take the device (1) after being subjected to solar radiation, to take it to a shaded place until it cools.
- a PVC filter stop (18) can be seen, intended to be incorporated into the device (1) in those cases in which it is desired to obtain distilled water (32).
- Said filter stop (18) is located inferiorly next to the coaxial body (6), adapted to act as a barrier and direct the filtered water (31) only through the vertical tube (5) of the central part (4), as shown in figure 4.
- said filter stop (18) has on its lower face projections (19) shown in Figure 1, dimensionally adapted to be introduced into the filter holes (7) of the coaxial body (6), so that said stop of filter (18) is firmly attached.
- both the cover (1 1) and the filter stop (18) are white for rapid identification of dirt, solid materials or clogs that may become stagnant.
- Figure 5 shows the obtaining of distilled water (32) from the evaporation of the filtered water (31) located inside the vertical tube (5).
- This filtered water (31) evaporates and exits through the upper slots (21) existing in the tube (5), condensing and depositing between the walls of the container (2) and the vertical tube (5).
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and method for purifying water, which makes it possible to filter, render drinkable and distill water by means of a single device (1), using only solar energy (UV and IR radiation); it is also characterized in that it is portable and ergonomic, meaning that it can be used anytime or anywhere. The main features of the device (1) are a micropore bag (10) that contains a filtering material, such as activated charcoal, ultrafine resin or the like, for filtering dirty water (30), eliminating any microorganisms, smell or color from said dirty water (30) in order to obtain filtered water (31); as well as a container (2) on the surface of which is an area provided with thermochromic paint (20) for indicating to the user when the water inside the container has been purified by a change in the color of said thermochromic paint (20) after the water has reached a certain temperature during exposure to the sun.
Description
DISPOSITIVO Y PROCEDIMIENTO DE PURIFICACION DE AGUA WATER PURIFICATION DEVICE AND PROCEDURE
D E S C R I P C I Ó N D E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención pertenece al sector del tratamiento del agua, y más concretamente a dispositivos o aparatos de purificación de agua para su i o consumo, empleo doméstico o aplicaciones cualesquiera. The present invention belongs to the water treatment sector, and more specifically to water purification devices or devices for consumption, domestic use or any application.
El objeto principal de la presente invención es un dispositivo de purificación de agua que permite la filtración, potabilización y destilación de agua, únicamente a partir de su exposición solar, sin empleo de energía 15 eléctrica alguna, destacando además por su carácter portátil y sencillo manejo. The main object of the present invention is a water purification device that allows the filtration, purification and distillation of water, only from its solar exposure, without the use of any electrical energy, also standing out for its portable character and simple operation .
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
20 twenty
El agua subterránea es la mayor reserva de agua potable de fácil acceso para la humanidad, por lo que su contaminación constituye un serio problema. No existen valores estándar aceptados a nivel mundial para definir el agua potable, ya que éstos varían en los distintos países en Groundwater is the largest reservoir of drinking water easily accessible to mankind, so pollution is a serious problem. There are no globally accepted standard values to define drinking water, since these vary in different countries in
25 función de sus características ambientales, culturales, sociales y económicas. 25 function of its environmental, cultural, social and economic characteristics.
El mayor riesgo de enfermedades transmitidas por el agua se observa en niños, ancianos, personas débiles o que viven en condiciones insalubres.The greatest risk of waterborne diseases is observed in children, the elderly, weak people or living in unhealthy conditions.
30 Las enfermedades transmitidas por el agua pueden tener diferentes causas;
en términos generales, el principal riesgo de enfermedad está asociado con la ingestión de aguas superficiales o subterráneas contaminadas con bacterias provenientes de materia fecal humana o animal. Las enfermedades infecciosas, en su mayoría intestinales, van desde una leve gastroenteritis hasta diarreas severas (a veces mortales), hepatitis y fiebre tifoidea. 30 Waterborne diseases can have different causes; In general terms, the main risk of disease is associated with the ingestion of surface or ground water contaminated with bacteria from human or animal fecal matter. Infectious diseases, mostly intestinal, range from mild gastroenteritis to severe (sometimes fatal) diarrhea, hepatitis and typhoid fever.
Como ya es sabido, el agua destinada al consumo humano debe recibir unos tratamientos previos, que se establecen según la calidad inicial de la misma. La desinfección del agua, que implica la muerte o inactivación de los microorganismos patógenos, es indispensable cuando se detecta la presencia de bacterias y/o virus. Actualmente, tanto en países en vías de desarrollo como en países desarrollados, existen pueblos y ciudades en los que únicamente se tiene acceso a agua de mala calidad. Incluso el agua de los ríos aunque esté limpia también produce los mismos síntomas, ya que el cuerpo humano se ha acostumbrado a consumir un agua tratada. As is already known, water destined for human consumption must receive some previous treatments, which are established according to the initial quality of it. Water disinfection, which implies the death or inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms, is essential when the presence of bacteria and / or viruses is detected. Currently, both in developing countries and in developed countries, there are towns and cities where there is only access to poor quality water. Even the water of the rivers even if it is clean also produces the same symptoms, since the human body has become accustomed to consuming treated water.
Actualmente existen en el Estado de la Técnica purificadores de agua que, si bien cumplen la función principal de limpiar y purificar el agua para su posterior uso, requieren de una instalación fija, estando formados por varios cartuchos o recipientes que afectan negativamente a su tamaño, y en consecuencia, impiden su transporte y dificultan su manejo en exteriores. Más concretamente se conocen purificadores para su conexión a los grifos de las cocinas de las viviendas. Dichos purificadores tan solo son capaces de filtrar y potabilizar el agua, sin posibilidad de destilarla, lo cual impide una limpieza e higiene todavía mayores del agua a tratar. Currently there are water purifiers in the State of the Art that, although they fulfill the main function of cleaning and purifying water for later use, require a fixed installation, being formed by several cartridges or containers that negatively affect their size, and consequently, they prevent their transport and hinder their handling outdoors. More specifically, purifiers are known for connection to the faucets in the kitchens of the houses. These purifiers are only able to filter and purify the water, without the possibility of distilling it, which prevents even greater cleaning and hygiene of the water to be treated.
Por otro lado, es bien conocido el poder germicida de la luz ultravioleta (UV), la cual destruye y acaba con bacterias, virus, microorganismos y demás gérmenes patógenos presentes en el agua. Dicho mecanismo de desinfección
se basa en un fenómeno físico por el cual las ondas cortas de la radiación ultravioleta son absorbidas por el mecanismo reproductor de las bacterias y virus destruyéndolos en poco tiempo, sin producir cambios físicos o químicos notables en el agua tratada. On the other hand, the germicidal power of ultraviolet (UV) light, which destroys and destroys bacteria, viruses, microorganisms and other pathogenic germs present in water, is well known. Said disinfection mechanism It is based on a physical phenomenon whereby the short waves of ultraviolet radiation are absorbed by the reproductive mechanism of bacteria and viruses by destroying them in a short time, without producing notable physical or chemical changes in the treated water.
Asimismo es también conocido el empleo de "carbón activado" en procesos de purificación y tratamiento de aguas, el cual se caracteriza por poseer una cantidad muy grande de microporos (poros menores que 2 nanómetros), lo que le hace ser enormemente eficiente en fenómenos de adsorción y filtración. Cabe señalar por último la existencia en el mercado de las llamadas "pinturas termocrómicas" las cuales cambian de color con la temperatura de forma reversible. El color y la temperatura de transición de dichas pinturas termocrómicas pueden diseñarse a medida según las necesidades de cada aplicación. It is also known the use of "activated carbon" in water purification and treatment processes, which is characterized by having a very large amount of micropores (pores smaller than 2 nanometers), which makes it extremely efficient in phenomena of adsorption and filtration. Finally, it is worth noting the existence in the market of the so-called "thermochromic paints" which change color with the temperature reversibly. The color and transition temperature of said thermochromic paints can be custom designed according to the needs of each application.
El problema técnico que aquí se plantea es la incapacidad que existe actualmente para filtrar, potabilizar y destilar agua mediante un único dispositivo, y que además éste sea portátil y fácil de utilizar, para su empleo tanto en exteriores como en interiores, sin necesidad de emplear ningún tipo de componente eléctrico o electrónico, y sin el requerimiento de baterías o pilas de alimentación. The technical problem that arises here is the inability that currently exists to filter, purify and distill water using a single device, and that this is also portable and easy to use, for use both outdoors and indoors, without using No type of electrical or electronic component, and without the requirement of batteries or power batteries.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Mediante la presente invención se resuelven los inconvenientes anteriormente citados proporcionando un dispositivo y un procedimiento de purificación de agua que destaca fundamentalmente por permitir la filtración, potabilización y destilación de agua, únicamente a partir de energía solar, sin la incorporación de ningún componente eléctrico (pilas, baterías, sensores,
etc.), lo que redunda en un menor coste de fabricación, destacando además por su carácter portátil y ergonómico que permite aumentar su abanico de aplicaciones y le confiere capacidad para ser usado en cualquier lugar y/o situación, tanto en interiores como en exteriores. By means of the present invention, the aforementioned drawbacks are resolved by providing a water purification device and method that stands out primarily for allowing filtration, purification and distillation of water, only from solar energy, without the incorporation of any electrical component (batteries , batteries, sensors, etc.), which results in a lower manufacturing cost, also standing out for its portable and ergonomic character that allows to increase its range of applications and gives it the ability to be used in any place and / or situation, both indoors and outdoors .
Cabe señalar asimismo que el dispositivo de purificación aquí descrito no requiere de ninguna formación previa para su uso, pues su manejo es sencillo, apto para ser utilizado por cualquier persona, sin exclusión de niños o ancianos. It should also be noted that the purification device described here does not require any prior training for its use, since its handling is simple, suitable for use by any person, not excluding children or the elderly.
El dispositivo de purificación de agua objeto de invención comprende al menos: The water purification device object of the invention comprises at least:
- un recipiente, preferente de configuración cilindrica y vertical, destinado a albergar en su interior el agua que se desea purificar, y que presenta en su superficie una zona provista con pintura termocrómica y otra zona transparente, - a container, preferably of cylindrical and vertical configuration, intended to house inside the water to be purified, and which has on its surface an area provided with thermochromic paint and another transparent area,
- una pieza central destinada a insertarse en el interior del recipiente, y que comprende un tubo vertical en cuyo extremo inferior presenta un cuerpo horizontal coaxial de mayor diámetro que el tubo, y dotado de unos orificios de filtración en su cara superior, presentando además dicho cuerpo coaxial un rebaje perimetral en el cual está destinado a ubicarse una junta tórica que genera la presión necesaria para el filtrado del agua contenida en el recipiente, proporcionando una total estanqueidad para evitar fugas y salidas de agua, - a central piece intended to be inserted inside the container, and comprising a vertical tube at the lower end of which has a horizontal coaxial body of greater diameter than the tube, and provided with filtration holes in its upper face, also presenting said coaxial body a perimeter recess in which an O-ring is located to generate the necessary pressure for filtering the water contained in the container, providing a total tightness to prevent leaks and water outflows,
una bolsa con microporos, preferentemente de nylon, dimensionalmente adaptada para encajar en el interior del cuerpo coaxial de la pieza central, conteniendo dicha bolsa un material de filtrado con microporos, tales como carbón activado granular, resina ultrafina o similar, para una filtración y purificación del agua mayores,
- una tapa de filtro, dispuesta interiormente a continuación de la bolsa, siendo dicha tapa el primer elemento de filtro destinado a entrar en contacto con el agua a tratar, estando dotada en su superficie de una pluralidad de agujeros de filtrado, y a micropore bag, preferably nylon, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body of the centerpiece, said bag containing a micropore filter material, such as granular activated carbon, ultrafine resin or the like, for filtration and purification of the older water, - a filter cover, arranged internally next to the bag, said lid being the first filter element intended to come into contact with the water to be treated, with a plurality of filter holes being provided on its surface, and
- unos medios de cierre dimensionalmente adaptados para encajar tanto en el extremo superior del recipiente como en el extremo superior del tubo vertical, proporcionando un cierre seguro y estanco de todo el dispositivo. - dimensionally adapted closure means to fit both the upper end of the container and the upper end of the vertical tube, providing a secure and tight closure of the entire device.
Dicha zona con pintura termocrómica del recipiente, está adaptada para indicar visualmente al usuario el momento en el que el agua ya está purificada mediante un cambio de color de dicha zona, tras llegar el agua a una determinada temperatura, preferentemente 60QC, durante su exposición solar. La radiación ultravioleta (UV) absorbida por el agua actúa directamente sobre el ADN, los ácidos nucleicos y las enzimas de las células vivas, cambiando su estructura molecular y produciendo la muerte de las células. Por su parte, la radiación infrarroja (IR) absorbida por la zona con pintura termocrómica es la responsable del calentamiento del agua. Los microorganismos son sensibles al calor, de forma que aproximadamente el 99.9% de los microorganismos existentes en el agua muere cuando dicha agua se encuentra a una temperatura de entre 50-60QC durante un tiempo de una hora. Said zone with thermochromic paint of the container, is adapted to visually indicate to the user the moment in which the water is already purified by a color change of said zone, after reaching the water at a certain temperature, preferably 60 Q C, during its solar exposition. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation absorbed by water acts directly on the DNA, nucleic acids and enzymes of living cells, changing their molecular structure and causing cell death. For its part, the infrared (IR) radiation absorbed by the area with thermochromic paint is responsible for heating the water. The microorganisms are sensitive to heat, so that approximately 99.9% of the microorganisms in the water die when the water is at a temperature between 50-60 Q C for a period of one hour.
Por ello, para la obtención de agua potable el usuario no tiene más que esperar a que dicha zona con pintura termocrómica cambie de color y se vuelva blanco, debido a una pérdida de las propiedades del color.Therefore, to obtain drinking water, the user has only to wait for said zone with thermochromic paint to change color and turn white, due to a loss of color properties.
Preferentemente dicha pintura termocrómica es de color negro, de forma que la radiación absorbida es mayor y el agua contenida en el recipiente eleva su temperatura más rápidamente.
Por otro lado, en caso de querer obtener agua destilada (agua libre de impurezas, de mineralización débil desionizada, de especial aplicación para usos médicos y químicos), se ha previsto el dispositivo de purificación objeto de invención comprenda adicionalmente un tope de filtro, ubicado entre la bolsa con microporos y el cuerpo coaxial, adaptado para actuar de barrera y direccionar el agua filtrada únicamente hacia el interior del tubo vertical de la pieza central, llenando solamente este recinto y quedando vacío el espacio creado entre el recipiente y el tubo vertical. Preferentemente dicho tope de filtro presenta en su cara inferior unos salientes dimensionalmente adaptados para encajar en los orificios de filtración del cuerpo coaxial de la pieza central, de manera que dicho tope de filtro queda fijado y sujeto sin posibilidad de movimiento alguno. Además, para este caso de obtención de agua destilada, se ha previsto que el tubo vertical presente en las proximidades de su extremo superior unas ranuras a través de las cuales se posibilita la salida del vapor de agua. Preferably said thermochromic paint is black, so that the absorbed radiation is greater and the water contained in the container raises its temperature more rapidly. On the other hand, in case of wanting to obtain distilled water (water free of impurities, of deionized weak mineralization, of special application for medical and chemical uses), the purification device object of the invention is provided additionally comprising a filter stop, located between the micropore bag and the coaxial body, adapted to act as a barrier and direct the filtered water only into the vertical tube of the centerpiece, filling only this enclosure and leaving the space created between the container and the vertical tube empty. Preferably said filter stop has on its lower face some dimensionally adapted projections to fit in the filtration holes of the coaxial body of the central part, so that said filter stop is fixed and secured without the possibility of any movement. In addition, for this case of obtaining distilled water, it is provided that the vertical tube has a groove in the vicinity of its upper end through which the water vapor can escape.
Asimismo, de acuerdo con una realización preferente, los medios de cierre arriba citados están comprendidos por dos piezas, una primera pieza de cierre formada por un cuerpo principal provisto de un roscado interno para encajar en el borde superior del recipiente, y un cuerpo saliente central con un roscado exterior. Por su parte, la segunda pieza de cierre comprende un tapón con rosca interior adaptado para encajar solidariamente con la rosca del cuerpo saliente arriba mencionado. Preferentemente tanto la primera como la segunda pieza de cierre disponen exteriormente de unos relieves para facilitar el agarre por parte del usuario. Also, according to a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned closing means are comprised of two pieces, a first closing piece formed by a main body provided with an internal thread to fit in the upper edge of the container, and a central projecting body With an external thread. For its part, the second closure piece comprises a plug with an internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the protruding body mentioned above. Preferably, both the first and the second closure piece have external reliefs to facilitate the grip by the user.
Además, se ha previsto que el dispositivo de purificación de agua de la presente invención comprenda adicionalmente un material "antimicrobiano" que inhiba o elimine la presencia de microorganismos patógenos en el agua, tales como bacterias, virus, hongos, gérmenes, parásitos patógenos o
similares. Dicho material antimicrobiano se encuentra incorporado preferentemente en el recipiente destinado a contener el agua, y/o en la bolsa que contiene el material de filtrado. Furthermore, it is envisioned that the water purification device of the present invention additionally comprises an "antimicrobial" material that inhibits or eliminates the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the water, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, germs, pathogenic parasites or Similar. Said antimicrobial material is preferably incorporated in the container intended to contain the water, and / or in the bag containing the filtrate.
Más concretamente, en caso de que el recipiente esté fabricado en material plástico, dicho material antimicrobiano puede ir incorporado directamente en el propio plástico, o ir dispuesto en un recubrimiento polimérico situado en la superficie interna del recipiente, actuando como capa protectora antimicrobiana. Por otra parte, en caso de que el recipiente sea de metal, el material antimicrobiano está incorporado en un recubrimiento polimérico destinado a ubicarse igualmente en la superficie interna del recipiente. More specifically, if the container is made of plastic material, said antimicrobial material can be incorporated directly into the plastic itself, or be arranged in a polymeric coating located on the inner surface of the container, acting as an antimicrobial protective layer. On the other hand, in case the container is made of metal, the antimicrobial material is incorporated in a polymeric coating intended to also be located on the inner surface of the container.
Finalmente, para el caso en el que se desee incluir el material antimicrobiano en la bolsa, éste último se encuentra incorporado preferentemente en el propio material de fabricación de la bolsa. Finally, in the case in which it is desired to include the antimicrobial material in the bag, the latter is preferably incorporated in the bag's own manufacturing material.
Dicho material antimicrobiano es al menos uno seleccionado entre: plata coloidal, arenas dopadas con plata, carbón activo dopado con plata, zeolita de plata, zeolita de plata y cobre, fosfato de zirconio y plata, nitrato de plata y su solución acuosa, citrato de plata y su solución acuosa, y resinas intercambiadoras de iones dopadas con plata. Said antimicrobial material is at least one selected from: colloidal silver, sand doped with silver, active carbon doped with silver, silver zeolite, silver and copper zeolite, zirconium phosphate and silver, silver nitrate and its aqueous solution, citrate of silver and its aqueous solution, and ion exchange resins doped with silver.
Por último se ha previsto que, para posibilitar un filtrado y eliminación de grasas o lípidos, proteínas y enzimas, el dispositivo de purificación aquí descrito comprenda unos filtros adicionales compuestos por membranas específicas para cada una de las materias a eliminar. Dichos filtros adicionales se pueden disponer como primera fase de filtrado, combinándose convenientemente para tratar diferentes calidades de agua.
De acuerdo con otro objeto de la invención se describe a continuación el procedimiento de purificación de agua mediante el dispositivo arriba descrito. Dicho procedimiento comprende las etapas: Finally, it is planned that, in order to enable filtering and elimination of fats or lipids, proteins and enzymes, the purification device described herein comprises additional filters composed of specific membranes for each of the materials to be removed. Said additional filters can be arranged as the first filtering phase, conveniently combining to treat different water qualities. In accordance with another object of the invention, the water purification process by the device described above is described below. Said procedure comprises the steps:
- llenado del recipiente con el agua sucia que se desea purificar,- filling the container with the dirty water to be purified,
- inserción del conjunto formado por pieza central, junta tórica, bolsa con microporos y tapa, hasta el fondo del recipiente mediante una presión ejercida por el usuario, - insertion of the assembly consisting of a central piece, o-ring, micropore bag and lid, to the bottom of the container by means of a pressure exerted by the user,
- filtración del agua sucia como consecuencia de su paso a través de los orificios y agujeros de filtrado del cuerpo coaxial y la tapa respectivamente, así como a través del carbón activado contenido en la bolsa, obteniendo a su salida agua filtrada alojada dentro del recipiente, - Filtration of dirty water as a result of its passage through the holes and filtering holes of the coaxial body and the lid respectively, as well as through the activated carbon contained in the bag, obtaining filtered water lodged inside the container,
- exposición solar del dispositivo de purificación durante un tiempo determinado hasta que la zona con pintura termocrómica del recipiente cambia de color, lo cual indica que el agua ya está purificada, y - solar exposure of the purification device for a certain time until the zone with thermochromic paint of the container changes color, which indicates that the water is already purified, and
- reposo del dispositivo en un lugar sombreado con objeto de enfriar el agua para su consumo final. - resting the device in a shaded place in order to cool the water for final consumption.
Los rayos solares actúan en la desinfección del agua contenida en el dispositivo por el efecto sinérgico de la radiación ultravioleta (UV) absorbida por el agua a través de la zona transparente del recipiente, y la radiación infrarroja (IR) absorbida por la zona del recipiente con pintura termocrómica. Esta última permite alcanzar temperaturas elevadas dentro del dispositivo para producir efectos térmicos que, sumados a la acción de los rayos UV, causan la muerte celular de las bacterias. The solar rays act in the disinfection of the water contained in the device by the synergistic effect of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation absorbed by the water through the transparent area of the container, and the infrared (IR) radiation absorbed by the area of the container With thermochromic paint. This last one allows to reach high temperatures inside the device to produce thermal effects that, added to the action of the UV rays, cause the cell death of the bacteria.
Cabe señalar que en la fase de exposición solar, en función de si se desea agua potable o agua destilada, la colocación del dispositivo para su exposición al sol es diferente; esto es, si se desea la potabilización del agua el dispositivo debe ser colocado ligeramente inclinado buscando la
perpendicularidad de los rayos del sol para un calentamiento y purificación del agua más rápidos. Por otro lado, para el caso de la destilación, el dispositivo debe ser expuesto al sol en posición vertical para evitar que se mezclen las aguas filtradas y destiladas. Además, para este último caso de destilación se debe tener en cuenta que el cambio de color de la zona con pintura termocrómica no indica la conclusión de la destilación, por lo que el usuario debe fijarse en el nivel de agua destilada. It should be noted that in the solar exposure phase, depending on whether drinking water or distilled water is desired, the placement of the device for exposure to the sun is different; that is, if water purification is desired the device should be placed slightly inclined looking for the perpendicularity of the sun's rays for faster heating and water purification. On the other hand, in the case of distillation, the device must be exposed to the sun in an upright position to avoid mixing filtered and distilled water. In addition, for the latter case of distillation, it should be taken into account that the color change of the area with thermochromic paint does not indicate the conclusion of the distillation, so the user must look at the level of distilled water.
Asimismo, se ha previsto que el dispositivo de purificación aquí descrito pueda ser empleado para realizar varios filtrados de agua, llenando posteriormente varios recipientes de transmitancia igual o superior, por ejemplo botellas transparentes de PET, y exponerlas al sol al mismo tiempo que se expone el dispositivo de purificación. Esta manera de proceder nos permite obtener una mayor cantidad de agua potable, ya que al tener como referencia la pintura termocrómica del dispositivo, el cambio de color de dicha pintura indica que toda el agua expuesta, tanto de las botellas como del dispositivo, ya está purificada. Likewise, it is envisaged that the purification device described herein can be used to perform several water filtrations, subsequently filling several containers of equal or greater transmittance, for example transparent PET bottles, and exposing them to the sun at the same time as the purification device This way of proceeding allows us to obtain a greater quantity of drinking water, since having as reference the thermochromic paint of the device, the change of color of said paint indicates that all the exposed water, both of the bottles and of the device, is already purified.
Por último, en el momento de verter y extraer el agua, en función de si se ha realizado el proceso de potabilización o el de destilación se retira una u otra pieza de los medios de cierre arriba citados. Esto es, si lo que se ha realizado es la potabilización del agua, no hay más que retirar el tapón para permitir su salida al exterior. Por otro lado, si lo que se ha realizado es la destilación del agua, se debe retirar el cuerpo principal de los medios de cierre y colocar el tapón sobre el tubo vertical de la pieza central, evitando de esta manera que en el momento de verter el agua e inclinar el dispositivo las aguas filtradas y las aguas destiladas puedan mezclarse.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS Finally, at the time of pouring and extracting the water, depending on whether the purification process or the distillation process has been carried out, one or the other part of the closing means mentioned above is removed. That is, if what has been done is the purification of water, the cap must only be removed to allow it to go outside. On the other hand, if what has been done is the distillation of water, the main body of the closing means must be removed and the cap placed on the vertical tube of the central piece, thus avoiding that at the time of pouring water and tilt the device filtered water and distilled water can be mixed. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la misma, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
Figura 1 .- Muestra una vista explotada del dispositivo de purificación de agua objeto de invención. Figure 1 .- Shows an exploded view of the water purification device object of the invention.
Figura 2.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva del cuerpo central, donde se aprecian las ranuras superiores existentes en el tubo vertical. Figure 2.- Shows a perspective view of the central body, where the upper grooves in the vertical tube are visible.
Figura 3.- Muestra una vista esquemática donde se aprecia la purificación de agua mediante el proceso de potabilización. Figure 3.- Shows a schematic view where water purification can be seen through the purification process.
Figura 4.- Muestra una vista esquemática donde se observa la purificación del agua mediante el proceso de destilación. Figure 4.- Shows a schematic view where water purification is observed by the distillation process.
Figura 5.- Muestra una vista seccionada del dispositivo de purificación objeto de invención donde se aprecia más en detalle el proceso de destilación del agua. Figure 5.- Shows a sectional view of the purification device object of the invention where the water distillation process is more fully appreciated.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Se describe a continuación un ejemplo de realización preferente, sin que ello limite el ámbito de protección de la presente invención.
En la figura 1 se aprecia una vista explosionada del dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua objeto de invención, el cual comprende un recipiente (2) de configuración cilindrica y vertical fabricado en PET (tereftalato de polietileno), destinado a albergar en su interior el agua sucia (30) a purificar, presentando en su superficie una zona con pintura termocrómica (20) de color negro, y una zona de material transparente. La zona con pintura termocrómica (20) está adaptada para cambiar de color, a transparente, cuando el agua alcanza la temperatura de 60QC por su exposición solar. A preferred embodiment example is described below, without limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Figure 1 shows an exploded view of the water purification device (1) object of the invention, which comprises a container (2) of cylindrical and vertical configuration made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), intended to house inside the dirty water (30) to be purified, presenting on its surface an area with thermochromic paint (20) of black color, and an area of transparent material. The zone with thermochromic paint (20) is adapted to change color, to transparent, when the water reaches the temperature of 60 Q C due to its sun exposure.
Asimismo el recipiente (2) presenta en su extremo inferior una zona de almacenamiento (3) donde quedan alojados los residuos sólidos y/o sedimentos filtrados. Likewise, the container (2) has at its lower end a storage area (3) where solid waste and / or filtered sediments are housed.
El dispositivo (1 ) de purificación comprende también una pieza central (4) fabricada igualmente en PET, destinada a insertarse en el interior del recipiente (2) para la obtención de agua filtrada (31 ) a partir del agua sucia (30), tal y como representan las figuras 3 y 4. The purification device (1) also comprises a central part (4) also made of PET, intended to be inserted inside the container (2) to obtain filtered water (31) from the dirty water (30), such and how figures 3 and 4 represent.
Dicha pieza central (4) comprende un tubo (5) vertical que presenta en las proximidades de su extremo superior unas ranuras (21 ) mostradas en las figuras 1 , 2 y 5, a través de las cuales se posibilita la salida del vapor del agua filtrada (31 ) para el proceso destilación, figura 4, así como la salida al exterior del agua potable existente entre las paredes interiores del recipiente (2) y las paredes exteriores del tubo (5) vertical, tal y como refleja la figura 3. Said centerpiece (4) comprises a vertical tube (5) that has grooves (21) shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5 in the vicinity of its upper end, through which water vapor exit is possible filtered (31) for the distillation process, figure 4, as well as the exit to the outside of the existing drinking water between the inner walls of the container (2) and the outer walls of the vertical tube (5), as shown in figure 3.
Además, como se aprecia en la figura 2, dicha pieza central (4) comprende en su extremo inferior un cuerpo horizontal coaxial (6) de mayor diámetro que el tubo (5), dotado de unos orificios (7) de filtración en su cara superior, presentando además dicho cuerpo coaxial (6) un rebaje perimetral (8), mostrado en la figura 1 , en el cual está destinado a ubicarse una junta
tórica (9) de caucho de silicona que genera la presión necesaria para el filtrado del agua contenida en el recipiente (2), proporcionando una total estanqueidad para evitar fugas y salidas de agua. Furthermore, as seen in Figure 2, said central part (4) comprises at its lower end a horizontal coaxial body (6) of greater diameter than the tube (5), provided with some holes (7) in its face upper, said coaxial body (6) also presenting a perimeter recess (8), shown in Figure 1, in which a joint is intended to be located O-ring (9) made of silicone rubber that generates the necessary pressure to filter the water contained in the container (2), providing a total tightness to avoid leaks and water leaks.
En dicha figura 1 se puede observar igualmente una bolsa (10) de nylon con microporos, dimensionalmente adaptada para encajar en el interior del cuerpo coaxial (6) de la pieza central (4), conteniendo dicha bolsa (10) carbón activado granular, mediante el cual se obtiene una filtración y purificación mayores del agua sucia (30), eliminando cualquier tipo de olor y color de ésta. Por otro lado, dispuesta inferiormente a continuación de la bolsaIn said figure 1 a nylon bag (10) with micropores can also be observed, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body (6) of the central piece (4), said bag (10) containing granular activated carbon, by which is obtained a greater filtration and purification of dirty water (30), eliminating any type of smell and color of it. On the other hand, arranged below the bag
(10) , se puede apreciar una tapa (1 1 ) de PVC (policloruro de vinilo) dotada en su superficie de una pluralidad de agujeros (12) de filtrado, siendo dicha tapa(10), a cover (1 1) of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) with a plurality of filtering holes (12) can be seen, said lid being
(1 1 ) el primer elemento de filtración destinado a entrar en contacto con el agua a tratar. (1 1) the first filtration element intended to come into contact with the water to be treated.
En las figuras 1 , 3, 4 y 5 se pueden apreciar unos medios de cierre (13) de PVC, los cuales están dimensionalmente adaptados para encajar tanto en el extremo superior del recipiente (2) como en el del tubo (5) vertical de la pieza central (4), proporcionando un cierre seguro y estanco de todo el dispositivo (1 ). Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 show a means of closing (13) of PVC, which are dimensionally adapted to fit both the upper end of the container (2) and the vertical tube (5) of the center piece (4), providing a secure and tight seal of the entire device (1).
Tal como se puede apreciar en dicha figura 1 , dichos medios de cierreAs can be seen in said figure 1, said closing means
(13) comprenden una primera pieza de cierre formada por un cuerpo principal(13) comprise a first closure piece formed by a main body
(14) provisto de un roscado interno para encajar en el borde superior del recipiente (2), y un cuerpo saliente (15) central con un roscado exterior. Por su parte, la segunda pieza de cierre comprende un tapón (1 6) con rosca interior adaptado para encajar solidariamente con la rosca del cuerpo saliente (15) arriba mencionado.
Asimismo en las figuras 1 , 3 y 4, puede observarse que tanto el cuerpo principal (14) como el tapón (16) disponen de unos relieves (17) para facilitar el agarre del dispositivo (1 ) al usuario. Dichos elementos, cuerpo principal (14) y tapón (1 6), son fabricados en un material de color blanco para reflejar la luz y evitar así un calentamiento elevado durante su exposición solar, en relación al resto de componentes del dispositivo (1 ). Esto permite que el usuario pueda coger el dispositivo (1 ) tras ser sometido a la radiación solar, para llevarlo a un lugar sombreado hasta que se enfríe. (14) provided with an internal thread to fit in the upper edge of the container (2), and a central projecting body (15) with an external thread. For its part, the second closure piece comprises a plug (1 6) with an internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the protruding body (15) mentioned above. Also in Figures 1, 3 and 4, it can be seen that both the main body (14) and the plug (16) have reliefs (17) to facilitate the grip of the device (1) to the user. Said elements, main body (14) and plug (1 6), are manufactured in a white material to reflect the light and thus avoid high heating during its sun exposure, in relation to the other components of the device (1). This allows the user to take the device (1) after being subjected to solar radiation, to take it to a shaded place until it cools.
Asimismo en la figura 1 se puede apreciar un tope de filtro (18) de PVC, destinado a incorporarse al dispositivo (1 ) en aquellos casos en los que se desee obtener agua destilada (32). Dicho tope de filtro (18) se encuentra localizado inferiormente a continuación del cuerpo coaxial (6), adaptado para actuar de barrera y direccionar el agua filtrada (31 ) únicamente a través del tubo (5) vertical de la pieza central (4), tal y como representa la figura 4. Likewise, in figure 1, a PVC filter stop (18) can be seen, intended to be incorporated into the device (1) in those cases in which it is desired to obtain distilled water (32). Said filter stop (18) is located inferiorly next to the coaxial body (6), adapted to act as a barrier and direct the filtered water (31) only through the vertical tube (5) of the central part (4), as shown in figure 4.
Además, el mencionado tope de filtro (18) presenta en su cara inferior unos salientes (19) mostrados en la figura 1 , dimensionalmente adaptados para introducirse en los orificios (7) de filtración del cuerpo coaxial (6), de manera que dicho tope de filtro (18) queda firmemente sujeto. De acuerdo con la presente realización tanto la tapa (1 1 ) como el tope de filtro (18) son de color blanco para una rápida identificación de la suciedad, materiales sólidos o taponamientos que puedan quedar estancados. In addition, said filter stop (18) has on its lower face projections (19) shown in Figure 1, dimensionally adapted to be introduced into the filter holes (7) of the coaxial body (6), so that said stop of filter (18) is firmly attached. In accordance with the present embodiment, both the cover (1 1) and the filter stop (18) are white for rapid identification of dirt, solid materials or clogs that may become stagnant.
En la figura 5 se puede apreciar la obtención de agua destilada (32) a partir de la evaporación del agua filtrada (31 ) localizada en el interior del tubo (5) vertical. Esta agua filtrada (31 ) se evapora y sale a través de las ranuras (21 ) superiores existentes en el tubo (5), condensándose y depositándose entre las paredes del recipiente (2) y del tubo (5) vertical.
Figure 5 shows the obtaining of distilled water (32) from the evaporation of the filtered water (31) located inside the vertical tube (5). This filtered water (31) evaporates and exits through the upper slots (21) existing in the tube (5), condensing and depositing between the walls of the container (2) and the vertical tube (5).
Claims
1 .- Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua caracterizado porque comprende al menos: 1 .- Water purification device (1) characterized in that it comprises at least:
- un recipiente (2), destinado a albergar en su interior el agua sucia (30) que se desea purificar, y que presenta en su superficie una zona provista con pintura termocrómica (20) y otra zona transparente, - a container (2), intended to house in its interior the dirty water (30) that it is desired to purify, and which has on its surface an area provided with thermochromic paint (20) and another transparent area,
- una pieza central (4) destinada a insertarse en el interior del recipiente (2) para la obtención de agua filtrada (31 ) a partir del agua sucia (30), y que comprende un tubo (5) vertical en cuyo extremo inferior presenta un cuerpo horizontal coaxial (6) de mayor diámetro que el tubo (5), dotado de unos orificios (7) de filtración en su cara superior, presentando además dicho cuerpo coaxial (6) un rebaje perimetral (8) en el cual está destinado a ubicarse una junta tórica (9) que genera la presión necesaria para el filtrado del agua contenida en el recipiente (2), proporcionando estanqueidad para evitar fugas y salidas de agua, - a central piece (4) intended to be inserted inside the container (2) to obtain filtered water (31) from dirty water (30), and comprising a vertical tube (5) at whose lower end it has a horizontal coaxial body (6) of greater diameter than the tube (5), provided with filtration holes (7) in its upper face, said coaxial body (6) also presenting a perimeter recess (8) in which it is intended to locate an o-ring (9) that generates the pressure necessary for filtering the water contained in the container (2), providing tightness to prevent leaks and water outflows,
- una bolsa (10) con microporos, dimensionalmente adaptada para encajar en el interior del cuerpo coaxial (6), conteniendo dicha bolsa (10) un material de filtrado con microporos para una mayor filtración y purificación del agua sucia (30), - a bag (10) with micropores, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body (6), said bag (10) containing a filtering material with micropores for greater filtration and purification of dirty water (30),
- una tapa (1 1 ), dispuesta inferiormente a continuación de la bolsa (10), siendo dicha tapa (1 1 ) el primer elemento de filtro destinado a entrar en contacto con el agua sucia (30) a tratar, estando dotada en su superficie de una pluralidad de agujeros (12) de filtrado, y - a cover (1 1), arranged below the bag (10), said cover (1 1) being the first filter element intended to come into contact with the dirty water (30) to be treated, being provided with its surface of a plurality of filter holes (12), and
- unos medios de cierre (13) dimensionalmente adaptados para encajar tanto en el extremo superior del recipiente (2) como en el extremo superior del tubo (5) vertical, proporcionando un cierre seguro y estanco de todo el dispositivo (1 ). - closure means (13) dimensionally adapted to fit both the upper end of the container (2) and the upper end of the vertical tube (5), providing a secure and tight closure of the entire device (1).
2. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el recipiente (2) comprende adicionalmente una zona de almacenamiento (3) de residuos sólidos y/o sedimentos filtrados en su extremo inferior. 2. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the container (2) additionally comprises a storage area (3) of solid waste and / or sediments filtered at its lower end.
3. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el tubo (5) vertical comprende adicionalmente unas ranuras (21 ) a través de las cuales se posibilita la salida del vapor de agua filtrada (31 ) para la obtención de agua destilada (32). 3. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the vertical tube (5) additionally comprises grooves (21) through which the filtered water vapor outlet (31) is enabled for obtaining distilled water (32).
4. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque comprende adicionalmente un tope de filtro (18), ubicado entre la bolsa (10) con microporos y el cuerpo coaxial (6), adaptado para actuar de barrera y direccionar el agua filtrada (31 ) únicamente hacia el interior del tubo (5) vertical. 4. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that it additionally comprises a filter stop (18), located between the bag (10) with micropores and the coaxial body (6), adapted to act as barrier and direct the filtered water (31) only into the vertical tube (5).
5. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con las reivindicaciones 1 y 4 caracterizado porque el tope de filtro (18) comprende unos salientes (19) dimensionalmente adaptados para introducirse en los orificios (7) de filtración del cuerpo coaxial (6), quedando dicho tope de filtro (18) fijado y sujeto sin posibilidad de movimiento. 5. - Water purification device (1) according to claims 1 and 4 characterized in that the filter stop (18) comprises projections (19) dimensionally adapted to be introduced into the filter holes (7) of the coaxial body ( 6), said filter stop (18) being fixed and secured without the possibility of movement.
6. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque los medios de cierre (13) comprenden una primera pieza de cierre formada por un cuerpo principal (14) provisto de un roscado interno para encajar en el borde superior del recipiente (2), y un cuerpo saliente (15) central con un roscado exterior; y una segunda pieza de cierre que comprende un tapón (16) con rosca interior adaptado para encajar solidariamente con la rosca del cuerpo saliente (15). 6. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the closing means (13) comprise a first closing piece formed by a main body (14) provided with an internal thread to fit on the edge upper of the container (2), and a central projecting body (15) with an external thread; and a second closure piece comprising a plug (16) with an internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the projecting body (15).
7. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 6 caracterizado porque tanto el cuerpo principal (14) como el tapón (1 6) disponen de unos relieves (17) mediante los cuales se facilita el agarre del dispositivo (1 ) al usuario. 7. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 6 characterized in that both the main body (14) and the plug (1 6) have reliefs (17) whereby the grip of the device ( 1) to the user.
8. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque la bolsa (10) con microporos es de nylon. 8. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the bag (10) with micropores is nylon.
9. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 ú 8, caracterizado porque el material de filtrado contenido en la bolsa (10) es carbón activado granular, resina ultrafina o similar. 9. - Water purification device (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 8, characterized in that the filtering material contained in the bag (10) is granular activated carbon, ultrafine resin or the like.
10. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el recipiente (2) es de plástico. 10. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the container (2) is made of plastic.
1 1 . - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el recipiente (2) es de metal. eleven . - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the container (2) is made of metal.
12. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 10 ó 1 1 , caracterizado porque el recipiente (2) comprende adicionalmente un recubrimiento polimérico situado en la superficie interna del recipiente (2). 12. - Water purification device (1) according to any one of claims 10 or 1, characterized in that the container (2) additionally comprises a polymeric coating located on the inner surface of the container (2).
13. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 12, caracterizado porque el recipiente (2) comprende un material antimicrobiano dispuesto en el recubrimiento polimérico, que inhibe o elimina la presencia de microorganismos patógenos en el agua. 13. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the container (2) comprises an antimicrobial material disposed in the polymeric coating, which inhibits or eliminates the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the water.
14. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 10, caracterizado porque el recipiente (2) comprende un material antimicrobiano incorporado en el propio plástico del recipiente (2). 14. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the container (2) comprises an antimicrobial material incorporated in the plastic itself of the container (2).
15. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la bolsa (10) comprende adicionalmente un material antimicrobiano que inhibe o elimina la presencia de microorganismos patógenos en el agua. 15. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the bag (10) additionally comprises an antimicrobial material that inhibits or eliminates the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the water.
16. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 15, caracterizado porque el material antimicrobiano se encuentra incorporado en el propio material de fabricación de la bolsa (10). 16. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the antimicrobial material is incorporated in the bag's own manufacturing material (10).
17. - Dispositivo de purificación de agua de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 13, 14 ó 15, caracterizado porque el material antimicrobiano es al menos uno seleccionado entre: 17. - Water purification device according to any one of claims 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that the antimicrobial material is at least one selected from:
- plata coloidal, - Colloidal Silver,
- arenas dopadas con plata, - sands doped with silver,
- carbón activo dopado con plata, - active carbon doped with silver,
- zeolita de plata, - silver zeolite,
- zeolita de plata y cobre, - silver and copper zeolite,
- fosfato de zirconio y plata, - zirconium phosphate and silver,
- nitrato de plata y su solución acuosa, - silver nitrate and its aqueous solution,
- citrato de plata y su solución acuosa, y - silver citrate and its aqueous solution, and
- resinas intercambiadoras de iones dopadas con plata. - ion exchange resins doped with silver.
18. - Dispositivo (1 ) de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque la temperatura a la que la zona con pintura termocrómica (20) cambia de color es de 60QC. 18. - Water purification device (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the temperature at which the zone with thermochromic paint (20) changes color is 60 QC .
19. - Dispositivo de purificación de agua de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 ó 18, caracterizado porque la zona con pintura19. - Water purification device according to any one of claims 1 or 18, characterized in that the area with paint
5 termocrómica (20) es de color negro. 5 thermochromic (20) is black.
20. - Dispositivo de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el recipiente (2) presenta una configuración cilindrica y vertical.20. - Water purification device according to claim 1 characterized in that the container (2) has a cylindrical and vertical configuration.
0 0
21 . - Dispositivo de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque comprende unos filtros adicionales compuestos por membranas específicas para el filtrado y eliminación de grasas o lípidos, proteínas y enzimas. twenty-one . - Water purification device according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises additional filters composed of specific membranes for the filtering and elimination of fats or lipids, proteins and enzymes.
5 5
22. - Procedimiento de purificación de agua mediante el dispositivo (1 ) descrito en una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque comprende las siguientes etapas: o - llenado del recipiente con el agua sucia (30) que se desea purificar, 22. - Water purification process by means of the device (1) described in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: o - filling the container with the dirty water (30) to be purified,
- inserción del conjunto formado por pieza central (4), junta tórica (9), bolsa (10) con microporos y tapa (1 1 ), hasta el fondo del recipiente (2) mediante una presión ejercida por el usuario, - insertion of the assembly consisting of a central piece (4), o-ring (9), bag (10) with micropores and lid (1 1), to the bottom of the container (2) by means of a pressure exerted by the user,
- filtración del agua sucia (30) como consecuencia de su paso a través 5 de los orificios (7) y agujeros (12) de filtrado del cuerpo coaxial (6) y la tapa - Filtration of dirty water (30) as a result of its passage through 5 of the holes (7) and filtering holes (12) of the coaxial body (6) and the cover
(1 1 ) respectivamente, así como a través del carbón activado contenido en la bolsa (10), obteniendo a su salida agua filtrada (31 ) alojada dentro del recipiente (2), (1 1) respectively, as well as through the activated carbon contained in the bag (10), obtaining filtered water (31) lodged inside the container (2),
- exposición solar del dispositivo (1 ) de purificación durante un tiempo 0 determinado hasta que la zona con pintura termocrómica (20) del recipiente (2) cambia de color, lo cual indica que el agua ya está purificada, y - solar exposure of the purification device (1) for a certain time 0 until the area with thermochromic paint (20) of the container (2) changes color, which indicates that the water is already purified, and
- reposo del dispositivo (1 ) en un lugar sombreado con objeto de enfriar el agua para su consumo final. - resting the device (1) in a shaded place in order to cool the water for final consumption.
23. - Procedimiento de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 22 caracterizado porque la fase de exposición solar se lleva a cabo con el dispositivo (1 ) colocado ligeramente inclinado buscando la perpendicularidad de los rayos del sol, para los casos en los que se requiere la potabilización del agua. 23. - Water purification process according to claim 22 characterized in that the sun exposure phase is carried out with the device (1) positioned slightly inclined seeking the perpendicularity of the sun's rays, for cases in which It requires water purification.
24. - Procedimiento de purificación de agua de acuerdo con la reivindicación 22 caracterizado porque la fase de exposición solar se lleva a cabo con el dispositivo (1 ) colocado en posición vertical, evitando así que se mezclen las aguas, para los casos en los que se requiere la destilación del agua. 24. - Water purification process according to claim 22, characterized in that the sun exposure phase is carried out with the device (1) placed in an upright position, thus preventing water mixing, for cases in which water distillation is required.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESP201130239 | 2011-02-23 | ||
| ES201130239A ES2387281B1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | WATER PURIFICATION DEVICE AND PROCEDURE. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012113962A1 true WO2012113962A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
Family
ID=46720137
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2012/070109 WO2012113962A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-02-23 | Device and method for purifying water |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2387281B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012113962A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2544177B1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2016-06-01 | Indicum Life, S.L. | PLANT AND METHOD OF PURIFICATION OF FLUIDS BY DISTILLATION |
| CN107084536B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2022-11-11 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | Efficient tower type solar power station heat collector system with gradually-changed heat absorption pipe diameter |
| CN107285409A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-10-24 | 无锡市凡宇水处理机械制造有限公司 | Possesses the emergent water purification filter pipe for blocking function of leak |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0316687A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-24 | Knight, John B., Jr. | Water treatment apparatus |
| US5266215A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1993-11-30 | Rolf Engelhard | Water purification unit |
| US5597482A (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1997-01-28 | Melyon; Solly | Water purification apparatus |
| US5637214A (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1997-06-10 | Kahana; Dov | Filter assembly for water treatment apparatus |
| US6342127B1 (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 2002-01-29 | William Possidento | Distillation device |
| US20060021926A1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2006-02-02 | Alticor Inc. | Point-of-use water treatment system |
| WO2007021294A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-22 | Vitale Rodney P | An apparatus and method of using thermochromic and photochromic indicators |
-
2011
- 2011-02-23 ES ES201130239A patent/ES2387281B1/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-02-23 WO PCT/ES2012/070109 patent/WO2012113962A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0316687A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-24 | Knight, John B., Jr. | Water treatment apparatus |
| US5266215A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1993-11-30 | Rolf Engelhard | Water purification unit |
| US5597482A (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1997-01-28 | Melyon; Solly | Water purification apparatus |
| US5637214A (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1997-06-10 | Kahana; Dov | Filter assembly for water treatment apparatus |
| US6342127B1 (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 2002-01-29 | William Possidento | Distillation device |
| US20060021926A1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2006-02-02 | Alticor Inc. | Point-of-use water treatment system |
| WO2007021294A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-22 | Vitale Rodney P | An apparatus and method of using thermochromic and photochromic indicators |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2387281A1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| ES2387281B1 (en) | 2013-08-02 |
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