WO2012126846A1 - Separator for separating immiscible liquids - Google Patents

Separator for separating immiscible liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012126846A1
WO2012126846A1 PCT/EP2012/054693 EP2012054693W WO2012126846A1 WO 2012126846 A1 WO2012126846 A1 WO 2012126846A1 EP 2012054693 W EP2012054693 W EP 2012054693W WO 2012126846 A1 WO2012126846 A1 WO 2012126846A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
liquid
treated
separation tank
feed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/054693
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Georges Ceresoli
Gérard LEVY
Original Assignee
Hoppal R&D Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoppal R&D Sa filed Critical Hoppal R&D Sa
Publication of WO2012126846A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012126846A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0036—Flash degasification

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to an immiscible separator device of different densities, especially with extraction of the lightest liquid, and closed circuit recycling of the heavier liquid.
  • the invention can be applied to the separation of liquid phases consisting of hydrocarbons and water, organic phases and water, or any immiscible liquids, in various industrial fields, including industry. food.
  • the document FR 2 781 688 for its part has a de-oiler where the fluid to be treated is fed from above a separation tank with two compartments, the fluid to be treated being injected downwards into the lower part of the first compartment of this compartment. tank.
  • the feed stream finds a stopping point on the bottom wall, it then rises to a grid and the top of the compartment with turbulence to improve the flow. separation of immiscible liquids.
  • the heavy fluid is then taken in the lower part of the first compartment to go into the second compartment, while the light part is sucked from the top of the first compartment.
  • This system has the disadvantage of being complex with the two separate compartments and the geometry of the grid and the first compartment that create turbulence.
  • the document FR2605898 describes a phase separator comprising rotors for injecting gas into the fluid to be treated in order to skim it off.
  • This device is complex because it has many moving parts, and moreover the gas injection must be performed so as not to compromise the safety of the installation. It is therefore necessary to choose the injected gas and size the main tank taking into account numerous security constraints. The manufacture and use of this system is therefore expensive and complex.
  • An object of the present invention is to meet the disadvantages of the documents of the prior art mentioned above and in particular, first of all, to provide a simple immiscible liquid separator, without any moving separation member.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to an immiscible liquid separator forming a fluid to be treated with at least a first liquid dispersed in a second liquid, comprising a separation tank with a fluid supply inlet to be treated, characterized in that the feed inlet is arranged in the lower part of the separating tank, and in that a feed stream is injected through the feed inlet with a feeding speed having an ascending component, by at least one feed pipe comprising means for reducing the dispersion of the at least one first liquid of the fluid to be treated.
  • the separator according to the invention is very simple to make, there is only one tank to manufacture and it is the means of reducing the dispersion of the supply duct that can separate the fluids. The rising velocity of the fluid allows to direct the separated liquid directly upwards, which improves the efficiency of the system because the light phase will remain there.
  • a particularly interesting embodiment consists in that the separation tank also comprises in the lower zone an evacuation outlet for one of the separated liquids, traversed by a discharge flow having a discharge velocity, and in that the means of Reduced dispersion creates a higher feed rate than the evacuation rate.
  • the higher feed rate causes two phenomena: the separation of liquids in the feed pipe by magnification of the particles or micelles of the dispersed liquid on the one hand, and on the other hand the upward projection of the two separate phases.
  • the light phase will naturally go higher than the heavy phase which is evacuated with a lower speed, this last point helping not to disturb the ascent of the high phase.
  • the light droplets of the separated liquid projected with the feed speed greater than the evacuation speed will not be driven by the evacuation flow because the velocity of the latter is lower.
  • the feed inlet has an inlet section in the separation tank
  • the discharge outlet has an outlet section of the separation tank
  • the inlet section is smaller than the outlet section.
  • the evacuation flow of said liquid of the fluid to be treated is evacuated by an evacuation duct and in that one of the supply or discharge ducts is inserted into the other, at their connection to the separation tank.
  • the separator comprises means of deflecting the feed stream to deflect the exhaust flow. This implementation makes it possible to reduce the risk of evacuation of the light phase by separating the flows.
  • the separator comprises in an upper part of the separation tank a withdrawal outlet of a separate portion of the fluid to be treated and an air evacuation means.
  • the separation tank contains enough separated light liquid, it can be easily removed, as well as any air contained, to limit the risk of bacteriological contamination.
  • the separator comprises a floating suction strainer adapted to suck the feed stream into a fluid storage tank to be treated
  • the suction strainer comprises a manifold connected to a supply pipe connected to the duct food.
  • the fluid to be treated taken is preferably the most polluted in the light phase by this floating strainer.
  • the suction strainer comprises at least one horizontal suction orifice arranged in its upper part and connected to the collector, in that the collector is vertical and in that it is able to slide on the supply pipe. The position of the strainer automatically adjusts to the level of the liquid in the storage tank.
  • the feed pipe comprises fixing means adjustable on the storage tank of the fluid to be treated.
  • the operator can easily install the feed pipe in a particular environment that does not have to be modified to receive the separator.
  • the separator comprises non-return valves arranged on the ducts connected to the lower part of the storage tank. separation.
  • the separator does not empty if the feed stream is not maintained, so its restart is faster and especially there is no aerobic bacteriological development because the tank remains filled with fluid, without air.
  • the withdrawal outlet is a tubing capturing the part separated at a lower level than the upper part of the separation tank. There remains a portion of light fluid at the top of the tank that will improve the separation of liquids.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall view, in vertical section, of a separator according to the present invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical sectional view of the pump assembly shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a vertical sectional view of the suction strainer of the pump assembly of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 represents a view from above of the strainer of FIG. 3.
  • the separator of immiscible liquids takes from the storage tank 1 the fluid to be treated 2, which reaches in the tank 1 a certain level 3.
  • the supply of the apparatus itself, from the storage tank 1, is done here through a pump 4, consisting of elements adapted to the liquid medium to convey .
  • the inlet of the pump 4 is connected, by a rigid intake pipe 5, to a suction strainer 6 (detailed below), floating on the surface of the fluid to be treated 2.
  • the output of the pump 4 is connected, by an intake manifold 7 upward or downward, to an inlet tee 8, downstream of a nonreturn valve 9, located at the bottom of the supply duct 10, of vertical axis 1 January.
  • the separation tank 12 of the apparatus constitutes the settling chamber of the light liquid phase 13.
  • the upper portion 14 of the separation tank 12 comprises an outlet 15 for withdrawing the light phase decanted 13 by a withdrawal means 16, represented by a valve on the figure 1 .
  • a level indicator 17 makes it possible to visualize the filling and the effective level of settling 18 of the light phase 13 in the separation tank 12 of the immiscible liquid phase separator.
  • the apparatus working under pressure, an automatic air vent 19 may be disposed on the top of the separation tank 12.
  • a duct d central discharge 20 starting from the base of the intake tee 8, by a diameter reduction 21.
  • the exhaust duct 20 is connected by the diameter reduction 21 to the duct 22 to a nonreturn valve 23, mounted downstream of the latter.
  • the storage tank 1 containing the fluid to be treated 2 including a liquid lighter than the other, it should be considered, initially , the size of the micelles of the light fluid, which it is necessary to gather in order to increase the volume, and therefore the weight of these micelles, in order to promote the separation of immiscible phases.
  • the walls of the hydraulic circuit as a whole are made of "smooth" materials, in order to reduce as much as possible the roughnesses that cause turbulence that is harmful to the separation of liquids.
  • the fluid In its admission path between the storage tank 1 and the top of the annular space 28 of the supply duct 10 of the separator, the fluid thus has a distribution of velocities, in particular the circular section of the pipes, which starts from a null value against the wall, to pass through a maximum in the center of the section, therefore on the axis of the tube, place where the gathering of micelles actually occurs.
  • the tubing axis is therefore the place where magnification of the micelles takes place and thus a reduction in the dispersion of the dispersed liquid.
  • the fluid then starts, inside the annular volume 29 delimited between the central discharge duct 20 and the wall of the supply duct 10, an upward path with "one-dimensional" flow, that is to say a flow in which all the fluid streams are parallel to each other and constant in any straight section.
  • the distribution law speeds mentioned above still applies.
  • the treated fluid that is to say the fluid whose lighter phase has been eliminated, flows through the central tubing 20 of the separation tank 10 of the separator.
  • the feed speed greater than the evacuation speed allows the separated light fluid to continue its upward path in the upper body 12 of the separator, thereby leaving a "heavy" fluid, free of light phase, to escape to the reservoir storage 1 by the central discharge pipe 20 of the lower body 10 and the discharge pipe 24.
  • the light fluid is thus “trapped” in the upper part of the separation tank 12 of the separator and from there can be withdrawn manually, or automatically depending on the degree of automation desired by the user, the output 15.
  • the suction strainer 6, clearly visible in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, to which reference will now be made, makes it possible to extract the fluid to be treated 2 substantially at level 3, so as to pump the upper layer of the storage tank in priority.
  • the strainer 6, essentially consisting of a mass cylinder of a material close to 0.9 density, as is the case by way of non-limiting example of the polypropylene, comprises a cylindrical central collector 27, connected to the inlet ports 26 of the liquid light supernatant sucked in priority by the pumping means 4.
  • the strainer 6 thus allows a self-adjustment of its position at the surface 3 of the liquid 2 to be treated, its dimensions being proportional to the flow rate and the level of fluctuation of the level 3 of the fluid 2 to be treated.
  • the U-shaped rigid intake pipe 5, which is immersed in the storage tank 1, is advantageously fixed to the storage tank (1) by magnets allowing an adjustable positioning and its end is directed upwards. fluid to center and let the float 6 self-adjust to the surface 3 of the liquid 2.
  • a preliminary agglomeration operation of the micelles is carried out by convergence at the center of the suction orifices 25 of the float shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, at the junction of the channels 26 which feed the central channel 27 for discharging the dense liquid.
  • the suction strainer 6, floating on the fluid to be treated 2 by its density close to 0.9 for an application most often in aqueous medium is connected to the rigid intake pipe 5 which, depending on its length, allows operation of the device for a variable level 3, within certain limits.
  • the immiscible liquid product separator is applicable inter alia to:
  • the separator which is the subject of the invention makes it possible to recover and reuse the two separate liquid phases, or at least one of these phases, unlike destruction processes which, moreover, generate either an environmental pollution. , a high cost of destruction.

Abstract

The invention relates to a separator for separating immiscible liquids forming a fluid to be treated that comprises at least one first liquid dispersed in a second liquid, comprising a separation tank having an inlet for feeding the fluid to be treated therethrough, characterized in that the feed inlet is arranged in the lower portion of the separation tank, and in that a feed stream is fed through the feed inlet at a feed rate having an ascending component, through at least one feed pipe comprising a means for reducing the dispersion of said at least one first liquid of the fluid to be treated.

Description

S E PARATE U R D E L IQU I D ES NON M ISC I BLES  S E PAR T U R E L IQU I D ES NON M ISC I BLES
La présente invention concerne de manière générale un appareil séparateur de liquides non miscibles, de densités différentes, notamment avec extraction du liquide le plus léger, et recyclage en circuit fermé du liquide le plus lourd. Ainsi, l'invention peut s'appliquer à la séparation de phases liquides constituées d'hydrocarbures et d'eau, de phases organiques et d'eau, ou de tous liquides non miscibles, ceci dans divers domaines industriels, y compris l'industrie alimentaire. The present invention generally relates to an immiscible separator device of different densities, especially with extraction of the lightest liquid, and closed circuit recycling of the heavier liquid. Thus, the invention can be applied to the separation of liquid phases consisting of hydrocarbons and water, organic phases and water, or any immiscible liquids, in various industrial fields, including industry. food.
Il est connu dans l'art antérieur des dispositifs divers procédés de séparation de liquides non miscibles, qui travaillent à l'air libre, ce qui favorise le développement bactérien dans les milieux liquides à traiter, notamment les milieux aqueux.  It is known in the prior art devices various methods of separating immiscible liquids, which work in the open air, which promotes bacterial growth in liquid media to be treated, including aqueous media.
On connaît aussi, par la demande de brevet internationale N °W0 95103868, un appareil pour la séparation de liquides non miscibles, qui est basé essentiellement sur les turbulences engendrées par des ailettes disposées au sein du système, qui provoqueraient la séparation de l'élément aqueux des hydrocarbures. En contrepartie, ce système présente notamment l'inconvénient d'être compliqué à mettre au point car l'évacuation de la phase lourde est dépendante de la proportion de chaque liquide. Si celle-ci change, un nouveau réglage est nécessaire. Enfin, le tube de séparation est coûteux à réaliser et le prix des nombreuses vannes d'évacuation rend cet équipement onéreux.  International Patent Application No. WO 95/103868 also discloses an apparatus for the separation of immiscible liquids, which is essentially based on the turbulences generated by fins disposed within the system, which would cause separation of the element. aqueous hydrocarbons. In return, this system has the disadvantage of being complicated to develop because the evacuation of the heavy phase is dependent on the proportion of each liquid. If this changes, a new setting is necessary. Finally, the separation tube is expensive to make and the price of the many evacuation valves makes this equipment expensive.
Le document FR 2 781 688 présente quant à lui un déshuileur où le fluide à traiter est amené par le dessus d'un réservoir de séparation à deux compartiments, le fluide à traiter étant injecté vers le bas dans la partie inférieure du premier compartiment de ce réservoir. Le flux d'alimentation trouvant un point d'arrêt sur la paroi inférieure, il remonte ensuite vers une grille et le haut du compartiment avec une turbulence pour améliorer la séparation des liquides non miscibles. Le fluide lourd est alors prélevé dans la partie inférieure du premier compartiment pour aller dans le deuxième compartiment, alors que la partie légère est aspirée depuis le haut du premier compartiment. Ce système présente l'inconvénient d'être complexe avec les deux compartiments séparés et la géométrie de la grille et du premier compartiment qui créent la turbulence. The document FR 2 781 688 for its part has a de-oiler where the fluid to be treated is fed from above a separation tank with two compartments, the fluid to be treated being injected downwards into the lower part of the first compartment of this compartment. tank. As the feed stream finds a stopping point on the bottom wall, it then rises to a grid and the top of the compartment with turbulence to improve the flow. separation of immiscible liquids. The heavy fluid is then taken in the lower part of the first compartment to go into the second compartment, while the light part is sucked from the top of the first compartment. This system has the disadvantage of being complex with the two separate compartments and the geometry of the grid and the first compartment that create turbulence.
Enfin, le document FR2605898 décrit un séparateur de phases comportant des rotors pour injecter du gaz dans le fluide à traiter afin de l'écrémer. Ce dispositif est complexe car il comporte de nombreuses pièces en mouvement, et de plus l'injection de gaz doit être réalisée de manière à ne pas compromettre la sécurité de l'installation. Il faut donc choisir le gaz injecté et dimensionner le réservoir principal en tenant compte de nombreuses contraintes de sécurité. La fabrication et l'utilisation de ce système sont donc onéreuses et complexes.  Finally, the document FR2605898 describes a phase separator comprising rotors for injecting gas into the fluid to be treated in order to skim it off. This device is complex because it has many moving parts, and moreover the gas injection must be performed so as not to compromise the safety of the installation. It is therefore necessary to choose the injected gas and size the main tank taking into account numerous security constraints. The manufacture and use of this system is therefore expensive and complex.
Un but de la présente invention est de répondre aux inconvénients des documents de l'art antérieur mentionnés ci-dessus et en particulier, tout d'abord, de proposer un séparateur de liquides non miscibles simple, sans aucun organe de séparation en mouvement.  An object of the present invention is to meet the disadvantages of the documents of the prior art mentioned above and in particular, first of all, to provide a simple immiscible liquid separator, without any moving separation member.
Pour cela un premier aspect de l'invention concerne un séparateur de liquides non miscibles formant un fluide à traiter avec au moins un premier liquide dispersé dans un deuxième liquide, comportant un réservoir de séparation avec une entrée d'alimentation en fluide à traiter, caractérisé en ce que l'entrée d'alimentation est agencée dans la partie inférieure du réservoir de séparation, et en ce qu'un flux d'alimentation est injecté par l'entrée d'alimentation avec une vitesse d'alimentation ayant une composante ascensionnelle, par au moins un conduit d'alimentation comportant des moyens de réduction de la dispersion dudit au moins un premier liquide du fluide à traiter. Le séparateur selon l'invention est très simple à réaliser, il n'y a qu'un seul réservoir à fabriquer et ce sont les moyens de réduction de la dispersion du conduit d'alimentation qui permettent de séparer les fluides. La vitesse ascensionnelle du fluide permet de diriger le liquide séparé directement vers le haut, ce qui améliore l'efficacité du système car la phase légère y restera. For this purpose, a first aspect of the invention relates to an immiscible liquid separator forming a fluid to be treated with at least a first liquid dispersed in a second liquid, comprising a separation tank with a fluid supply inlet to be treated, characterized in that the feed inlet is arranged in the lower part of the separating tank, and in that a feed stream is injected through the feed inlet with a feeding speed having an ascending component, by at least one feed pipe comprising means for reducing the dispersion of the at least one first liquid of the fluid to be treated. The separator according to the invention is very simple to make, there is only one tank to manufacture and it is the means of reducing the dispersion of the supply duct that can separate the fluids. The rising velocity of the fluid allows to direct the separated liquid directly upwards, which improves the efficiency of the system because the light phase will remain there.
Une réalisation particulièrement intéressante consiste en ce que le réservoir de séparation comporte aussi dans la zone inférieure une sortie d'évacuation pour un des liquides séparé, traversée par un flux d'évacuation ayant une vitesse d'évacuation, et en ce que les moyens de réduction de la dispersion créent une vitesse d'alimentation supérieure à la vitesse d'évacuation. La vitesse d'alimentation plus élevée provoque deux phénomènes : la séparation des liquides dans le conduit d'alimentation par grossissement des particules ou micelles du liquide dispersé d'une part, et d'autre part la projection vers le haut des deux phases séparées. La phase légère va donc aller naturellement plus haut que la phase lourde qui est évacuée avec une vitesse plus faible, ce dernier point contribuant à ne pas perturber l'ascension de la phase haute. En d'autres termes, les gouttelettes légères du liquide séparé projetées avec la vitesse d'alimentation plus importante que la vitesse d'évacuation ne seront pas entraînées par le flux d'évacuation car la vitesse de ce dernier est plus faible.  A particularly interesting embodiment consists in that the separation tank also comprises in the lower zone an evacuation outlet for one of the separated liquids, traversed by a discharge flow having a discharge velocity, and in that the means of Reduced dispersion creates a higher feed rate than the evacuation rate. The higher feed rate causes two phenomena: the separation of liquids in the feed pipe by magnification of the particles or micelles of the dispersed liquid on the one hand, and on the other hand the upward projection of the two separate phases. The light phase will naturally go higher than the heavy phase which is evacuated with a lower speed, this last point helping not to disturb the ascent of the high phase. In other words, the light droplets of the separated liquid projected with the feed speed greater than the evacuation speed will not be driven by the evacuation flow because the velocity of the latter is lower.
De manière avantageuse, l'entrée d'alimentation présente une section d'entrée dans le réservoir de séparation, la sortie d'évacuation présente une section de sortie du réservoir de séparation, et la section d'entrée est inférieure à la section de sortie. Cette géométrie garantit par construction que les vitesses d'alimentation et d'évacuation seront différentes. Par ailleurs, cette mise en œuvre procure un effet supplémentaire, car la faible section d'entrée provoque aussi une réduction de la dispersion.  Advantageously, the feed inlet has an inlet section in the separation tank, the discharge outlet has an outlet section of the separation tank, and the inlet section is smaller than the outlet section. . This geometry guarantees by construction that the feed and discharge speeds will be different. Furthermore, this implementation provides an additional effect, because the small inlet section also causes a reduction of the dispersion.
Avantageusement, le flux d'évacuation dudit liquide du fluide à traiter est évacué par un conduit d'évacuation et en ce que l'un des conduits d'alimentation ou d'évacuation est inséré dans l'autre, au niveau de leur connexion au réservoir de séparation. Cette mise en œuvre intéressante permet de réduire la complexité du séparateur car il n'y a extérieurement qu'un seul conduit relié au réservoir, et cela provoque une séparation efficace des liquides car la longueur caractéristique de l'écoulement est réduite, de même que le rapport entre la section d'alimentation et le périmètre mouillé dans le cas où le conduit central est celui d'évacuation. Advantageously, the evacuation flow of said liquid of the fluid to be treated is evacuated by an evacuation duct and in that one of the supply or discharge ducts is inserted into the other, at their connection to the separation tank. This interesting implementation makes it possible to reduce the complexity of the separator because there is externally only one duct connected to the reservoir, and this causes an effective separation of the liquids because the characteristic length of the flow is reduced, as well as the ratio between the feeding section and the wet perimeter in the case where the central duct is that of evacuation.
Avantageusement, le séparateur comporte des moyens de déflection du flux d'alimentation pour le dévier du flux d'évacuation. Cette mise en œuvre permet de diminuer le risque d'évacuation de la phase légère en séparant les flux.  Advantageously, the separator comprises means of deflecting the feed stream to deflect the exhaust flow. This implementation makes it possible to reduce the risk of evacuation of the light phase by separating the flows.
Avantageusement, le séparateur comporte dans une partie haute du réservoir de séparation une sortie de soutirage d'une partie séparée du fluide à traiter et un moyen d'évacuation d'air. Lorsque le réservoir de séparation contient assez de liquide léger séparé, on peut aisément le retiré, ainsi que l'air éventuellement contenu, pour limiter le risque de contamination bactériologique.  Advantageously, the separator comprises in an upper part of the separation tank a withdrawal outlet of a separate portion of the fluid to be treated and an air evacuation means. When the separation tank contains enough separated light liquid, it can be easily removed, as well as any air contained, to limit the risk of bacteriological contamination.
Avantageusement, le séparateur comporte une crépine flottante d'aspiration apte à aspirer le flux d'alimentation dans un réservoir de stockage de fluide à traiter, et la crépine d'aspiration comporte un collecteur connecté à un tuyau d'alimentation relié au conduit d'alimentation. Le fluide à traiter prélevé est préférentiellement celui le plus pollué en phase légère par cette crépine flottante.  Advantageously, the separator comprises a floating suction strainer adapted to suck the feed stream into a fluid storage tank to be treated, and the suction strainer comprises a manifold connected to a supply pipe connected to the duct food. The fluid to be treated taken is preferably the most polluted in the light phase by this floating strainer.
Avantageusement, la crépine d'aspiration comporte au moins un orifice d'aspiration horizontal agencé dans sa partie haute et relié au collecteur, en ce que le collecteur est vertical et en ce qu'il est apte à coulisser sur le tuyau d'alimentation. La position de la crépine s'ajuste automatiquement au niveau du liquide contenu dans le réservoir de stockage.  Advantageously, the suction strainer comprises at least one horizontal suction orifice arranged in its upper part and connected to the collector, in that the collector is vertical and in that it is able to slide on the supply pipe. The position of the strainer automatically adjusts to the level of the liquid in the storage tank.
Avantageusement, le tuyau d'alimentation comporte des moyens de fixation réglables sur le réservoir de stockage du fluide à traiter. L'opérateur peut installer facilement le tuyau d'alimentation dans un environnement particulier qui n'a pas à être modifié pour recevoir le séparateur.  Advantageously, the feed pipe comprises fixing means adjustable on the storage tank of the fluid to be treated. The operator can easily install the feed pipe in a particular environment that does not have to be modified to receive the separator.
Avantageusement, le séparateur comporte des clapets anti-retour agencés sur les conduits reliés à la partie inférieure du réservoir de séparation. Le séparateur ne se vide pas si le flux d'alimentation n'est pas entretenu, ainsi son redémarrage est plus rapide et surtout il n'y a pas de développement bactériologique aérobique car le réservoir reste rempli de fluide, sans air. Advantageously, the separator comprises non-return valves arranged on the ducts connected to the lower part of the storage tank. separation. The separator does not empty if the feed stream is not maintained, so its restart is faster and especially there is no aerobic bacteriological development because the tank remains filled with fluid, without air.
Avantageusement, la sortie de soutirage est une tubulure captant la partie séparée à un niveau inférieur à la partie haute du réservoir de séparation. Il reste donc une partie de fluide léger en haut du réservoir qui améliorera la séparation des liquides.  Advantageously, the withdrawal outlet is a tubing capturing the part separated at a lower level than the upper part of the separation tank. There remains a portion of light fluid at the top of the tank that will improve the separation of liquids.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple nullement limitatif et illustré par les dessins annexés, dans lesquels :  Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following detailed description of an embodiment of the invention given by way of non-limiting example and illustrated by the appended drawings, in which:
- la figure 1 représente une vue d'ensemble, en coupe verticale, d'un séparateur conforme à la présente invention ;  - Figure 1 shows an overall view, in vertical section, of a separator according to the present invention;
- la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe verticale de l'ensemble de pompage représenté sur la figure 1 ;  - Figure 2 shows a vertical sectional view of the pump assembly shown in Figure 1;
- la figure 3 représente une vue en coupe verticale de la crépine d'aspiration de l'ensemble de pompage de la figure 2 ;  - Figure 3 shows a vertical sectional view of the suction strainer of the pump assembly of Figure 2;
- la figure 4 représente une vue de dessus de la crépine de la figure 3. Le séparateur de liquides non miscibles, dont la figure 1 donne une vue d'ensemble, prélève dans le réservoir de stockage 1 le fluide à traiter 2, qui atteint dans le réservoir 1 un certain niveau 3. L'alimentation de l'appareil proprement dit, à partir du réservoir de stockage 1 , se fait ici par l'intermédiaire d'une pompe 4, constituée d'éléments adaptés au milieu liquide à véhiculer. L'entrée de la pompe 4 est reliée, par un tuyau rigide d'admission 5, à une crépine d'aspiration 6 (détaillée ci-après), flottante à la surface du fluide à traiter 2. La sortie de la pompe 4 est raccordée, par une tubulure d'admission 7 ascendante ou descendante, à un Té d'admission 8, en aval d'un clapet anti-retour 9, située au bas du conduit d'alimentation 10, d'axe vertical 1 1 . Le réservoir de séparation 12 de l'appareil, suivant l'axe vertical 1 1 , constitue la chambre de décantation de la phase liquide légère 13. La partie supérieure 14 du réservoir de séparation 12 comporte une sortie 15 de soutirage de la phase légère décantée 13 par un moyen de soutirage 16, représenté par une vanne sur la figure 1 . Un indicateur de niveau 17 permet de visualiser le remplissage et le niveau effectif de décantation 18 de la phase légère 13 dans le réservoir de séparation 12 du séparateur de phases liquides non miscibles. L'appareil travaillant sous pression, un purgeur d'air automatique 19 peut être disposé sur le sommet du réservoir de séparation 12. A l'intérieur du conduit d'alimentation 10, suivant l'axe vertical 1 1 , est disposé un conduit d'évacuation central 20, partant de la base du Té d'admission 8, par une réduction de diamètre 21 . Le conduit d'évacuation 20, est relié par la réduction de diamètre 21 vers le conduit 22 à un clapet anti-retour 23, monté en aval de ce dernier. Une tubulure de refoulement 24, partant du clapet 23 au bas du corps inférieur 10, revient au réservoir de stockage 1 . FIG. 4 represents a view from above of the strainer of FIG. 3. The separator of immiscible liquids, of which FIG. 1 gives an overall view, takes from the storage tank 1 the fluid to be treated 2, which reaches in the tank 1 a certain level 3. The supply of the apparatus itself, from the storage tank 1, is done here through a pump 4, consisting of elements adapted to the liquid medium to convey . The inlet of the pump 4 is connected, by a rigid intake pipe 5, to a suction strainer 6 (detailed below), floating on the surface of the fluid to be treated 2. The output of the pump 4 is connected, by an intake manifold 7 upward or downward, to an inlet tee 8, downstream of a nonreturn valve 9, located at the bottom of the supply duct 10, of vertical axis 1 January. The separation tank 12 of the apparatus, along the axis vertical 1 1, constitutes the settling chamber of the light liquid phase 13. The upper portion 14 of the separation tank 12 comprises an outlet 15 for withdrawing the light phase decanted 13 by a withdrawal means 16, represented by a valve on the figure 1 . A level indicator 17 makes it possible to visualize the filling and the effective level of settling 18 of the light phase 13 in the separation tank 12 of the immiscible liquid phase separator. The apparatus working under pressure, an automatic air vent 19 may be disposed on the top of the separation tank 12. Inside the supply duct 10, along the vertical axis 1 1, is arranged a duct d central discharge 20, starting from the base of the intake tee 8, by a diameter reduction 21. The exhaust duct 20 is connected by the diameter reduction 21 to the duct 22 to a nonreturn valve 23, mounted downstream of the latter. A discharge pipe 24, from the valve 23 to the bottom of the lower body 10, returns to the storage tank 1.
Le fonctionnement d'ensemble du séparateur, décrit jusqu'ici, est le suivant : le réservoir de stockage 1 contenant le fluide a traiter 2, incluant un liquide plus léger que l'autre, il y a lieu de considérer, dans un premier temps, la taille des micelles du fluide léger, qu'il est nécessaire de rassembler afin d'augmenter le volume, donc le poids de ces micelles, dans le but de favoriser la séparation de phases non miscibles. Les parois du circuit hydraulique dans son ensemble, sont constituées de matériaux "lisses", afin de réduire autant que possible les rugosités qui engendrent des turbulences néfastes à la séparation des liquides. Sur son trajet d'admission entre le réservoir de stockage 1 et le haut de l'espace annulaire 28 du conduit d'alimentation 10 du séparateur, le fluide présente ainsi une répartition des vitesses, dans la section notamment circulaire des tubulures, qui part d'une valeur nulle contre la paroi, pour passer par un maximum au centre de la section, donc sur l'axe du tube, lieu où le rassemblement des micelles se produit effectivement. L'axe des tubulures est donc le lieu où s'effectue un grossissement des micelles et donc une réduction de la dispersion du liquide dispersé. Parvenu ainsi dans la partie basse du conduit d'alimentation 10 du séparateur, le fluide entame alors, à l'intérieur du volume annulaire 29 délimité entre la tubulure centrale d'évacuation 20 et la paroi du conduit d'alimentation 10, un trajet ascendant avec écoulement "unidimensionnel", c'est-à-dire un écoulement où tous les filets fluides sont parallèles, les uns aux autres, et constants dans une section droite quelconque. Dans le conduit formé par le volume annulaire 29, dont la section est moins importante que celle de la tubulure d'évacuation 20, la loi de répartition des vitesses rappelée ci-dessus s'applique toujours. Il se produit alors un grossissement des micelles du liquide le plus léger, qui deviennent ici des gouttes, ceci à un niveau situé au-dessus du niveau de l'entrée 28. Ainsi le fluide traité, c'est-à- dire le fluide dont la phase la plus légère a été éliminée, s'écoule par la tubulure centrale 20 du réservoir de séparation 10 du séparateur. La vitesse d'alimentation supérieure à la vitesse d'évacuation permet au fluide léger séparé de poursuivre son trajet ascendant, dans le corps supérieur 12 du séparateur, laissant ainsi un fluide "lourd", exempt de phase légère, s'évacuer vers le réservoir de stockage 1 par la tubulure centrale d'évacuation 20 du corps inférieur 10 et la tubulure de refoulement 24. Le fluide léger se trouve ainsi "piégé" dans la partie haute du réservoir de séparation 12 du séparateur et, de là, peut être soutiré manuellement, ou automatiquement selon le degré d'automatisme souhaité par l'utilisateur, par la sortie 15. L'organe de purge d'air 19, à fonctionnement automatique, permet ici de prendre en compte la présence de turbulences de surface, impliquant une absorption d'air, dans le réservoir de stockage 1 dans laquelle est puisé le fluide à traiter 2. Le cycle de séparation, décrit ci-dessus, s'établit de façon permanente et continue, lorsque l'appareil reste en fonctionnement. The overall operation of the separator, described so far, is as follows: the storage tank 1 containing the fluid to be treated 2, including a liquid lighter than the other, it should be considered, initially , the size of the micelles of the light fluid, which it is necessary to gather in order to increase the volume, and therefore the weight of these micelles, in order to promote the separation of immiscible phases. The walls of the hydraulic circuit as a whole are made of "smooth" materials, in order to reduce as much as possible the roughnesses that cause turbulence that is harmful to the separation of liquids. In its admission path between the storage tank 1 and the top of the annular space 28 of the supply duct 10 of the separator, the fluid thus has a distribution of velocities, in particular the circular section of the pipes, which starts from a null value against the wall, to pass through a maximum in the center of the section, therefore on the axis of the tube, place where the gathering of micelles actually occurs. The tubing axis is therefore the place where magnification of the micelles takes place and thus a reduction in the dispersion of the dispersed liquid. Having thus reached the lower part of the supply duct 10 of the separator, the fluid then starts, inside the annular volume 29 delimited between the central discharge duct 20 and the wall of the supply duct 10, an upward path with "one-dimensional" flow, that is to say a flow in which all the fluid streams are parallel to each other and constant in any straight section. In the duct formed by the annular volume 29, whose cross section is less than that of the discharge pipe 20, the distribution law speeds mentioned above still applies. There is then a magnification of the micelles of the lighter liquid, which here become drops, this at a level above the level of the inlet 28. Thus the treated fluid, that is to say the fluid whose lighter phase has been eliminated, flows through the central tubing 20 of the separation tank 10 of the separator. The feed speed greater than the evacuation speed allows the separated light fluid to continue its upward path in the upper body 12 of the separator, thereby leaving a "heavy" fluid, free of light phase, to escape to the reservoir storage 1 by the central discharge pipe 20 of the lower body 10 and the discharge pipe 24. The light fluid is thus "trapped" in the upper part of the separation tank 12 of the separator and from there can be withdrawn manually, or automatically depending on the degree of automation desired by the user, the output 15. The air purge member 19, automatic operation, here to take into account the presence of surface turbulence, involving a absorption of air, in the storage tank 1 in which is drawn the fluid to be treated 2. The separation cycle, described above, is established permanently and continuously, when the device remains in fo nctionnement.
La crépine d'aspiration 6, bien visible sur les figures 2, 3 et 4 auxquelles on se référera maintenant, permet l'extraction du fluide à traiter 2 pratiquement au niveau 3, de manière à pomper en priorité la couche supérieure du réservoir de stockage. La crépine 6, essentiellement constituée d'un cylindre massique d'un matériau proche de 0,9 de densité, comme cela est le cas à titre d'exemple non limitatif du polypropylène, comprend un collecteur central cylindrique 27, relié à des orifices d'admission 26 du liquide léger surnageant aspiré en priorité par le moyen de pompage 4. La crépine 6 permet ainsi un auto-ajustement de sa position au niveau de la surface 3 du liquide 2 à traiter, ses dimensions étant proportionnelles au débit et à la hauteur de fluctuation du niveau 3 du fluide 2 à traiter. The suction strainer 6, clearly visible in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, to which reference will now be made, makes it possible to extract the fluid to be treated 2 substantially at level 3, so as to pump the upper layer of the storage tank in priority. . The strainer 6, essentially consisting of a mass cylinder of a material close to 0.9 density, as is the case by way of non-limiting example of the polypropylene, comprises a cylindrical central collector 27, connected to the inlet ports 26 of the liquid light supernatant sucked in priority by the pumping means 4. The strainer 6 thus allows a self-adjustment of its position at the surface 3 of the liquid 2 to be treated, its dimensions being proportional to the flow rate and the level of fluctuation of the level 3 of the fluid 2 to be treated.
Enfin, le tuyau rigide d'admission 5, en forme de U, qui plonge dans la cuve de stockage 1 , est avantageusement fixé au réservoir de stockage (1 ) par des aimants permettant un positionnement ajustable et son extrémité est dirigée vers le haut du liquide pour centrer et laisser le flotteur 6 en autoajustement à la surface 3 du liquide 2. Finally, the U-shaped rigid intake pipe 5, which is immersed in the storage tank 1, is advantageously fixed to the storage tank (1) by magnets allowing an adjustable positioning and its end is directed upwards. fluid to center and let the float 6 self-adjust to the surface 3 of the liquid 2.
Une opération d'agglomération préliminaire des micelles est effectuée par convergence au centre des orifices d'aspiration 25 du flotteur représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, et plus en détail sur les figures 3 et 4, à la jonction des canaux 26 qui alimentent le canal central 27 d'évacuation du liquide dense. Ainsi, la crépine d'aspiration 6, flottant sur le fluide à traiter 2 de par sa densité voisine de 0,9 pour une application le plus souvent en milieu aqueux, est raccordée au tuyau rigide d'admission 5 qui, selon sa longueur, autorise le fonctionnement de l'appareil pour un niveau 3 variable, à l'intérieur de certaines limites.  A preliminary agglomeration operation of the micelles is carried out by convergence at the center of the suction orifices 25 of the float shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, at the junction of the channels 26 which feed the central channel 27 for discharging the dense liquid. Thus, the suction strainer 6, floating on the fluid to be treated 2 by its density close to 0.9 for an application most often in aqueous medium, is connected to the rigid intake pipe 5 which, depending on its length, allows operation of the device for a variable level 3, within certain limits.
Le séparateur de produits liquides non miscibles, précédemment décrit, est applicable entre autres à :  The immiscible liquid product separator, previously described, is applicable inter alia to:
- la séparation huile/eau dans le secteur de la machine-outil,  - oil / water separation in the machine tool sector,
- la séparation d'hydrocarbures dans l'industrie de pétrole,  - the separation of hydrocarbons in the petroleum industry,
- la séparation des corps gras rencontrés dans l'industrie agroalimentaires, - la séparation de l'eau de mer et du pétrole brut lors de la vidange des navires pétroliers, etc.. - the separation of fatty substances encountered in the agri-food industry, - the separation of seawater and crude oil during the emptying of oil tankers, etc.
Dans toutes ces applications, le séparateur objet de l'invention permet une récupération et une réutilisation des deux phases liquides séparées, ou de l'une au moins de ces phases, contrairement aux procédés de destruction qui, de plus, engendrent soit une pollution environnementale, soit un coût de destruction élevé.  In all these applications, the separator which is the subject of the invention makes it possible to recover and reuse the two separate liquid phases, or at least one of these phases, unlike destruction processes which, moreover, generate either an environmental pollution. , a high cost of destruction.
On comprendra que diverses modifications et/ou améliorations évidentes pour l'homme du métier peuvent être apportées aux différents modes de réalisation de l'invention décrits dans la présente description sans sortir du cadre de l'invention défini par les revendications annexées. En particulier, il est fait référence à une alimentation par une pompe, on pourrait également envisager d'utiliser une alimentation par gravité ou tout autre système d'injection forcée.  It will be understood that various modifications and / or improvements obvious to those skilled in the art can be made to the various embodiments of the invention described in the present description without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims. In particular, reference is made to a feed by a pump, one could also consider using a gravity feed or other forced injection system.

Claims

REVE N D ICAT IONS REVE ND ICAT IONS
1 . Séparateur de liquides non miscibles formant un fluide à traiter (2) avec au moins un premier liquide dispersé dans un deuxième liquide, comportant un réservoir de séparation (12) avec une entrée d'alimentation (28) en fluide à traiter, caractérisé en ce que l'entrée d'alimentation (28) est agencée dans la partie inférieure du réservoir de séparation (12), en ce qu'un flux d'alimentation est injecté par l'entrée d'alimentation avec une vitesse d'alimentation ayant une composante ascensionnelle, par au moins un conduit d'alimentation (10) comportant des moyens de réduction de la dispersion dudit au moins un premier liquide du fluide à traiter (2), en ce que le réservoir de séparation (12) comporte aussi dans la zone inférieure une sortie d'évacuation pour un des liquides séparé, traversée par un flux d'évacuation ayant une vitesse d'évacuation, et en ce que les moyens de réduction de la dispersion créent une vitesse d'alimentation supérieure à la vitesse d'évacuation. 1. Separator for immiscible liquids forming a fluid to be treated (2) with at least a first liquid dispersed in a second liquid, comprising a separation tank (12) with a fluid supply inlet (28) to be treated, characterized in that that the supply inlet (28) is arranged in the lower part of the separation tank (12), in that a feed stream is injected through the supply inlet with a feed speed having a ascensional component, by at least one feed duct (10) comprising means for reducing the dispersion of said at least one first liquid of the fluid to be treated (2), in that the separation tank (12) also comprises in the lower zone an exhaust outlet for a separated liquid, through which a discharge flow having a discharge velocity, and in that the dispersion-reducing means create a feed rate greater than the velocity discharge.
2. Séparateur de liquides selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'entrée d'alimentation (28) présente une section d'entrée dans le réservoir de séparation (12), en ce que la sortie d'évacuation présente une section de sortie du réservoir de séparation (12), et en ce que la section d'entrée est inférieure à la section de sortie.  Liquid separator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the feed inlet (28) has an inlet section in the separating tank (12), in that the discharge outlet has a cross-section of outlet of the separation tank (12), and in that the inlet section is smaller than the outlet section.
3. Séparateur de liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le flux d'évacuation dudit liquide du fluide à traiter (2) est évacué par un conduit d'évacuation (20) et en ce que l'un des conduits d'alimentation (10) ou d'évacuation (20) est inséré dans l'autre, au niveau de leur connexion au réservoir de séparation (12).  3. Liquid separator according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the evacuation flow of said liquid of the fluid to be treated (2) is discharged through an evacuation pipe (20) and in that the one of the supply (10) or discharge (20) ducts is inserted into the other at their connection to the separation tank (12).
4. Séparateur de liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de déflection du flux d'alimentation pour le dévier du flux d'évacuation. 4. Liquid separator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises means for deflecting the feed stream to deflect the flow of discharge.
5. Séparateur de liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte dans une partie haute du réservoir de séparation (12) une sortie de soutirage (15) d'une partie séparée du fluide à traiter et un moyen d'évacuation d'air (19). 5. Liquid separator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises in an upper part of the separation tank (12) a withdrawal outlet (15) of a separate portion of the fluid to be treated and an air evacuation means (19).
6. Séparateur de liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une crépine flottante (6) d'aspiration apte à aspirer le flux d'alimentation dans un réservoir de stockage (1 ) de fluide à traiter (2), en ce que la crépine d'aspiration (6) comporte un collecteur (27) connecté à un tuyau d'alimentation (5) relié au conduit d'alimentation (10).  6. Separator of liquids according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a floating suction strainer (6) adapted to suck the feed stream into a storage tank (1) of fluid to treating (2), in that the suction strainer (6) has a collector (27) connected to a supply pipe (5) connected to the supply duct (10).
7. Séparateur de liquides selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la crépine d'aspiration (6) comporte au moins un orifice d'aspiration horizontal (25) agencé dans sa partie haute et relié au collecteur (27), en ce que le collecteur (27) est vertical et en ce qu'il est apte à coulisser sur le tuyau d'alimentation (5).  Liquid separator according to Claim 6, characterized in that the suction strainer (6) has at least one horizontal suction orifice (25) arranged in its upper part and connected to the collector (27), in that the collector (27) is vertical and in that it is slidable on the supply pipe (5).
8. Séparateur de liquides selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le tuyau d'alimentation (5) comporte des moyens de fixation réglables (30) sur le réservoir de stockage (1 ) du fluide à traiter (2).  8. Liquid separator according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the supply pipe (5) comprises adjustable fixing means (30) on the storage tank (1) of the fluid to be treated (2). ).
9. Séparateur de liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des clapets anti-retour (9, 23) agencés sur les conduits reliés à la partie inférieure du réservoir de séparation (12).  9. Liquid separator according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises nonreturn valves (9, 23) arranged on the ducts connected to the lower part of the separation tank (12).
10. Séparateur de liquides selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la sortie de soutirage (15) est une tubulure captant la partie séparée à un niveau inférieur à la partie haute (14) du réservoir de séparation (12).  10. Liquid separator according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the withdrawal outlet (15) is a tubing sensing the part separated at a lower level than the upper part (14) of the separation tank (12). ).
PCT/EP2012/054693 2011-03-18 2012-03-16 Separator for separating immiscible liquids WO2012126846A1 (en)

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