WO2013041747A1 - Device for treating exhaust gases from diesel turbo-supercharged reciprocating internal combustion engines (rice) - Google Patents

Device for treating exhaust gases from diesel turbo-supercharged reciprocating internal combustion engines (rice) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013041747A1
WO2013041747A1 PCT/ES2012/070589 ES2012070589W WO2013041747A1 WO 2013041747 A1 WO2013041747 A1 WO 2013041747A1 ES 2012070589 W ES2012070589 W ES 2012070589W WO 2013041747 A1 WO2013041747 A1 WO 2013041747A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
treatment device
oxidation
exhaust gas
gas treatment
exhaust gases
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2012/070589
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
José María DESANTES FERNÁNDEZ
Francisco PAYRI GONZÁLEZ
Pedro PIQUERAS CABRERA
José Ramón SERRANO CRUZ
Original Assignee
Universidad Politécnica De Valencia
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Publication of WO2013041747A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013041747A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) turbocharged diesel applicable in the automobile industry.
  • This device has exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and exhaust gas after-treatment elements, including oxidation pre-catalysts, main oxidation catalysts (DOC) and particle filters (DPF).
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • DOC main oxidation catalysts
  • DPF particle filters
  • the invention includes a novel arrangement of the aforementioned elements upstream of the turbine, which releases the space traditionally occupied by these post-treatment elements below the vehicle interior; optimizes engine performance, reduces volume and weight of post-treatment elements.
  • Oxidation precatalysts and main oxidation catalysts for the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC).
  • DPF ⁇ Particle filters
  • SCR Nitrogen oxides
  • an exhaust gas recirculation system which includes a particulate filter (DPF) is located in the state of the art, located throughout the assembly upstream of the turbine, provided for diesel internal combustion engine.
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation system
  • DPF particulate filter
  • WO 2010/092201 A1 in which an exhaust manifold of an alternative turbocharged engine with any number of cylinders between 2 and 6 with particle filter (DPF) and recirculation is described of exhaust gases (EGR), upstream of the turbine.
  • DPF particle filter
  • EGR exhaust gases
  • the present invention seeks to maximize engine performance and minimize energy losses due to post-treatment of gases.
  • the present invention responds to the aforementioned problems with a device that houses the DOC and PDF exhaust gas after-treatment elements upstream of the turbine.
  • these gas after-treatment elements benefit from a higher gas temperature, which improves the efficiency of the cleaning process.
  • they generate a lower back pressure to the alternative engine, so that engine efficiency is also improved.
  • This novel arrangement of the DOC and DPF post-treatment elements leaves free space downstream of the turbine and below the vehicle cabin to house other post-treatment elements such as the SCR and the silencer systems.
  • This compact solution which uses a more efficient filtering surface, reduces the volume and weight of post-treatment elements.
  • an exhaust gas treatment device of the turbo-supercharged alternative diesel internal combustion engines that is located upstream of the turbine and comprising:
  • At least one oxidation pre-catalyst which will be of equal number to the exhaust pipes coming from the vehicle's engine and that discharge into the gas treatment device. These oxidation pre-catalysts protrude from the exhaust gas treatment device into the exhaust pipes. They collect polluting exhaust gases from the engine.
  • At least one particle filter downstream of the oxidation pre-catalysts At least one particle filter downstream of the oxidation pre-catalysts.
  • the particulate filters collect the exhaust gases from the oxidation pre-catalysts.
  • said oxidation pre-catalysts are grouped into groups that collect the 3-cylinder gases from the engine. Such groups discharge to a single particle filter so that the particle filters are of equal number to the groups of oxidation precatalysts that are formed.
  • At least one oxidation postcatalyst downstream of the particle filters that are at least of equal number the groups of oxidation precatalysts configured.
  • An outer shell comprising:
  • At least one union flange connects the housing to the engine head and another flange connects the housing to the turbine.
  • EGR exhaust gas regulation and isolation chamber
  • the invention characterizes the situation of empty spaces between oxidation precatalysts and particle filters, between particle filters and oxidation postcatalysts, and between oxidation postcatalysts and the outlet duct that allow expansion and contraction, diffusion lateral and homogenization of the flow of exhaust gases at the outlet and inlet of the channels.
  • the exhaust gas treatment device of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) turbocharged diesel that in the area of the particle filters the device comprises monoliths separated from each other by perforated metal souls, configured such monoliths Between two empty spaces.
  • the perforated metal souls extend to the end of the monoliths and are perforated in such a way that they are permeable to the exhaust gases that circulate through said monoliths.
  • the device further comprises intermediate and watertight metal souls that extend downstream of the oxidation postcatalysts and have a double structural and pulse converter function.
  • the watertight metal souls are arranged along the device parallel to each other in such a way that they prevent the pressure pulses generated in the empty spaces by the discharge of gases from one of the cylinders from reaching the rest of the cylinders. For this, the pressure pulses would have to go through the monoliths twice and twice the postcatalysts which would laminate the pulses and make them disappear.
  • the watertight metal souls separate the empty spaces into four chambers that only communicate with each other through the monoliths or postcatalysts, which avoids interference between consecutive cylinder exhaust processes in order of ignition and ensures that all cylinders discharge over manifold portions of similar volume exhaust, maintaining the balancing of the cylinders and reducing kinetic energy losses.
  • the reduction of the effective section of passage is such that it must be equal, in area, to a value between 0.7 times and 0.4 times the section of the outlet duct; depending on what value among those proposed is that which optimizes the acceleration of the flow against the losses of load that is caused. This optimum will depend on the specific engine to which the invention is applied.
  • the penetration of the watertight metal souls in the empty space located between the oxidation postcatalysts and the output duct acts as a pulse converter, which also reduces the losses of kinetic energy and further reduces the transfer of pulses between the different portions into which they divide the exhaust manifold.
  • a modification of the fuel dosage control strategy is proposed based on the air admitted to the engine.
  • the change consists in increasing the maximum allowed ratio between injected fuel and air admitted by the cylinders up to the stoichiometric ratio, or up to 20% higher if necessary, during the transient load and regime that represent sudden demands for engine performance.
  • Figure 1 is a general view of the plant, two elevations and profile of the exhaust gas treatment device of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) turbocharged diesel engines object of the invention, where the direction of the flow of exhaust gases.
  • MCIA alternative internal combustion engines
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of the cut-out of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel. It corresponds to section A-A made to the device profile.
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the exhaust gas treatment device of turbocharged diesel MCIAs. It corresponds to the section BB made to the elevation of the device.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel. It corresponds to the CC section made to the elevation of the device.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel. It corresponds to the D-D section made to the elevation of the device.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional elevation view of the turbocharged diesel MCIA exhaust treatment device. It corresponds to the section E-E made to the plant of the device.
  • Figure 7 is a sectional elevation view of the turbocharged diesel MCIA exhaust treatment device. It corresponds to the section F-F made to the plant of the device.
  • Figure 8 is a sectional elevation view of the turbocharged diesel MCIA exhaust treatment device. It corresponds to the G-G section made to the device floor.
  • ura 1 is a general view of the plant, two elevations and profile of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) turbocharged diesel engines object of the invention.
  • MCIA alternative internal combustion engines
  • the plant represents the outer casing (2) that protects the whole, outer casing (2) that includes connecting flanges (3) to the cylinder head and fixing flanges (4) to the turbine placed at its ends and two openings towards an outlet duct of the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) (5) and (6) located at the upper lateral ends of the outer casing (2).
  • EGR recirculated exhaust gases
  • the ram inlet of the exhaust gases (10) that are positioned facing the engine's exhaust pipes, with oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) embedded in its initial part and sticking out towards the engine head in such a way that by joining the exhaust gas treatment device (1) and the engine head, part of the oxidation precatalyst (1 1) is also embedded in the cylinder head.
  • the exhaust duct (20) of the exhaust gases towards the turbine is the exhaust duct (20) of the exhaust gases towards the turbine, and the fixing flanges (4) that hold the assembly to the turbine.
  • the holes where the oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) and the geometry of the connecting flanges (3) to the engine head can be observed.
  • the width of the device object of the invention the outlet duct (20) of the exhaust gas treatment device towards the turbine and the connecting flanges (4) to said turbine can be seen.
  • the length of the gas treatment device can be seen, where at one end an opening can be seen towards an outlet duct of the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) (6), the connecting flanges (3) to the engine head and the inlet branches (10) of the exhaust gases to the exhaust gas treatment device, while at the other end is the outlet duct (20) of the gas treatment device exhaust to the turbine and fixing flanges (4) to said turbine.
  • EGR recirculated exhaust gases
  • Figure 2 is a view of the section in section AA of the turbocharged diesel MCIA exhaust gas treatment device where the elements that are housed inside the outer casing (2) of the device can be seen in much more detail .
  • the inlet branches (10) of the exhaust gases from the engine constructed of a very thin thickness and with a low thermal inertia material can be observed.
  • the oxidation precatalysts (1 1) are placed a part embedded in said input branches
  • the oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) are also embedded in said stock.
  • the oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) can be both metallic and ceramic.
  • the particle filters (14) are formed by monoliths (16) separated from each other by perforated metal souls (17) distributed along their length conferring structural rigidity on the whole.
  • the number of monoliths (16) will be determined by the width and thickness of the exhaust gas treatment device (1), such that the entire front surface of the same.
  • the length of the monoliths (16) will be given by the filtering area necessary for a given engine and a given application given a frontal area, which in turn is restricted by the height that can be given to the whole of the treatment device of exhaust gases (1) and by the cell density of the monoliths (16).
  • the increase in the frontal area of the particle filters leads to a reduction in the length of the assembly.
  • the oxidation postcatalysts (13) are located downstream of oxidation precatalysts (1 1) and of the particle filters (14) position which is not conventional and is one of the most important claims of the present invention since it allows retain, as a filter, the ceramic particles or remains that can be released from the monoliths (16) that make up the particle filters (14) thus protecting the turbine from its possible impact.
  • the front section of the oxidation postcatalyst (13) will have the same magnitude as that formed by the monoliths (16) of the particle filter (14) and its length will be determined by the catalytic surface necessary for a given engine and a certain level of impregnation of catalyst on the surface of the channels, as well as the characteristics of the oxidation precatalysts (1 1).
  • the effective section of the work of the oxidation postcatalyst (13) is equal to its geometric section since the filter of particles located upstream of it distributes the flow almost homogeneous
  • an empty space (19) of a trunk-pyramidal or conical-trunk plant is located, but essentially of decreasing section, which collects and directs the exhaust gases towards the outlet of the treatment device for Exhaust gases (1) and is limited and formed by an inner wall (7), the outlet of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) and an outlet duct (20) of the device.
  • the exhaust duct (20) of the exhaust gases will be located towards the turbine, configured with a prolongation of the inner wall (7) which provides a greater insulating and ejector effect.
  • Exhaust gases Approximately half the length of the outlet duct (20) and in the section that is still inside the outer casing (2) are located ports (9) through which the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) enter the Insulating and regulating chamber (8) of the EGR formed between the inner wall (7) and the outer shell (2).
  • Said insulating and regulating chamber (8) surrounds practically the entire exhaust gas treatment device (1) except in the gas inlet zone embedded within the engine head.
  • the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) flow through the insulating and regulating chamber (8) until they reach two openings (5) and (6) through which they will be directed towards the part of the exhaust gas recirculation circuit (EGR) located in the cylinder head or on the intake side of the engine.
  • the ports (9) and the two openings towards the rest of the recirculated exhaust gas (EGR) circuit (5) and (6) are located at opposite ends of the exhaust gas treatment device (1), the ports ( 9) in a position close to the fixing flange (4) to the turbine, where the exhaust gases have a higher temperature, and the two openings towards the rest of the exhaust gas recirculation circuit (EGR) (5 ) and (6) are located in a position close to the connecting flanges (3) to the cylinder head the engine.
  • the ports (9) and the two openings towards the rest of the recirculated exhaust gas (EGR) circuit (5) and (6) are located at opposite ends of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) so that The flow of recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) uniformly fills the entire insulating and regulating chamber (8) between the inner wall (7) and the outer shell (2).
  • Figure 3 is a view of the profile in section BB of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where it is possible to see more in detail mainly the central and watertight metal souls (12) which in turn have a function Structural and pulse converter, so they extend to downstream of the oxidation pre-catalysts (13).
  • the group of inlet branches (10) of the exhaust gases to which each engine cylinder (or the two corresponding pipes of the cylinder head) is discharged in the preferred embodiment is separated from the rest by the central and sealed metal souls (12) which divide the volume of the collector into four incommunicated chambers until downstream of the oxidation postcatalysts (13), thus fulfilling its function as a pulse converter and thus avoiding interference between exhaust processes of consecutive cylinders in order of ignition and all the cylinders will be discharged on portions of the exhaust manifold of similar volume, maintaining the balancing of the cylinders and reducing the losses of kinetic energy.
  • Figure 4 is a view of the CC sectional profile of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where it is possible to see in greater detail mainly the perforated metal souls (17) that separate the monoliths (16 ) that form the particle filters (14) extending all of them to the empty space (18). Downstream of the empty space (18) a section of the oxidation postcatalysts (13), the final end of the metal souls (12), and the last empty space (19) can be observed.
  • Perforated metal souls (17) have this geometry in order to be permeable to the exhaust gases that pass through the channels of the monoliths (16). They are also of triangular longitudinal section to minimize the amount of material and with it its thermal inertia and its weight. These perforated metal souls (17) allow the lateral diffusion of the exhaust gases between the monoliths (16) of the particle filter through which the gases of the same cylinder circulate in this preferred embodiment or of the same group of cylinders in the cases that the number of cylinders is greater than 3 and a multiple of 3.
  • Figure 5 is a view of the sectional profile DD of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where it can be seen more in detail mainly, from upstream to downstream of the gas treatment device Exhaust (1), a section of the oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) and the connecting flanges (3) to the engine head, then a sectional view of the perforated metal souls (17) and the monoliths ( 16) ending in the empty space (18). Finally, a section of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) is observed, the end of the central and watertight metal souls (12) and the last empty space (19), all surrounded by the insulating and regulating chamber (8) of the EGR located between the inner wall (7) and the outer shell (2 ).
  • Figure 6 is a sectional elevation view EE of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where the cross section of the monoliths (16) forming the particle filters (14) can be seen in more detail. ). It can also be seen how in this embodiment the central and watertight metal souls (12) divide the volume of the collector into four incommunicated chambers, corresponding to the four cylinders of this preferred embodiment, and which allow avoiding interference between the exhaust processes of the different cylinders Finally, perforated metal souls (17) that allow lateral diffusion of the exhaust gases between the monoliths (16) of the particulate filter (14) through which the gases of the same cylinder circulate, or in other embodiments of a Same group of cylinders.
  • FIG. 6 Also visible in this figure 6 is the sectional view of the insulating and regulating chamber (8) of the EGR surrounding the exhaust gas treatment device (1), insulating and regulating chamber (8) located between the outer housing (2) and the inner wall (7). It can be observed finally, although with little clarity because they are covered by the assembly, the fixing flanges to the turbine (4) and, behind the perforated souls (17), the oxidation postcatalysts (13).
  • Figure 7 is an elevation view in section F-F of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where the holes of the inlet branches can be seen in more detail
  • FIG 8 is a view of the elevation in section GG of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where the fastening flanges (4) of the assembly can be seen in more detail turbine, and through the outlet duct (20) of the exhaust treatment device a section of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) and the watertight metal core (12) that occupies the central position and is longer than the other sealed souls to act as a pulse converter just at the entrance of the turbine.
  • This the central core (12) practically divides the total volume of the exhaust manifold in two, thus minimizing the destruction of kinetic energy from the exhaust gases before the turbine.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for treating exhaust gases (1) from diesel turbo-supercharged reciprocating internal combustion engines (RICE), comprising an outer shell (2) joined to the cylinder head of the engine and the turbine by means of joining (3) and fixing (4) flanges, at least one inlet branch (10) containing at least one oxidation pre-catalyst (12), at least one particle filter (14), at least one oxidation post-catalyst (13) downstream of the particle filters (14), at least one outlet conduit (20) comprising at least some vents (9) through which recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) circulate, and at least one insulating chamber (8) used to regulate the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) and arranged between the shell (2) and an inner wall (7). Said device is characterised by empty spaces (15), (18) and (19) arranged such that they enable the expansion, contraction, lateral diffusion and homogenisation of the flow of the exhaust gases at the outlet and inlet of the channels.

Description

DISPOSITIVO DE TRATAMIENTO DE GASES DE ESCAPE DE LOS MCIA DIESEL TURBO-SOBREALIMENTADOS DESCRIPCIÓN Objeto de la invención  EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT DEVICE OF THE MCIA DIESEL TURBO-SUPPLIED DESCRIPTION Object of the invention
El objeto de la presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados aplicable en la industria automovilística. Este dispositivo dispone de recirculación de gases de escape (EGR) y de elementos de postratamiento de gases de escape de entre los que se encuentran precatalizadores de oxidación, catalizadores principales de oxidación (DOC) y filtros de partículas (DPF).  The object of the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) turbocharged diesel applicable in the automobile industry. This device has exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and exhaust gas after-treatment elements, including oxidation pre-catalysts, main oxidation catalysts (DOC) and particle filters (DPF).
La invención incluye una novedosa disposición de los citados elementos aguas arriba de la turbina, que libera el espacio ocupado tradicionalmente por estos elementos de postratamiento debajo del habitáculo del vehículo; optimiza las prestaciones del motor, reduce volumen y peso de los elementos de postratamiento.  The invention includes a novel arrangement of the aforementioned elements upstream of the turbine, which releases the space traditionally occupied by these post-treatment elements below the vehicle interior; optimizes engine performance, reduces volume and weight of post-treatment elements.
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
Es conocido en el estado de la técnica el problema del postratamiento de los gases de escape de los MCIA, siendo una técnica ampliamente usada por los fabricantes de este tipo de motores para cumplir con las normativas que regulan las emisiones de gases contaminantes.  The problem of post-treatment of the exhaust gases of the MCIAs is known in the state of the art, being a technique widely used by the manufacturers of this type of engines to comply with the regulations that regulate the emissions of polluting gases.
La mayoría de vehículos cuentan con alguno o varios sistemas de postratamiento de los gases de escape. En concreto para los motores Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados, existen los siguientes tipos de elementos de postratamiento:  Most vehicles have one or more exhaust gas after-treatment systems. Specifically for turbocharged diesel engines, there are the following types of post-treatment elements:
• Precatalizadores de oxidación y catalizadores principales de oxidación (DOC) para la oxidación del monóxido de carbono (CO) y de los hidrocarburos sin quemar (HC).  • Oxidation precatalysts and main oxidation catalysts (DOC) for the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC).
· Filtros de partículas (DPF) para retener las partículas de hollín y oxidarlas de forma masiva y concentrada.  · Particle filters (DPF) to retain soot particles and oxidize them in a massive and concentrated way.
• Catalizadores de óxidos de nitrógeno (SCR) para la eliminación de emisiones de óxido de Nitrógeno (NOx) en presencia de un reductor. Desde hace tiempo existe un número no desdeñable de patentes y publicaciones que abogan por adelantar los elementos de postratamiento aguas arriba de la turbina en los motores Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados. • Nitrogen oxides (SCR) catalysts for the elimination of nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions in the presence of a reducer. For a long time there has been a non-negligible number of patents and publications that advocate advancing the after-treatment elements upstream of the turbine in turbocharged diesel engines.
Por el documento US 2007/0095054 A1 es conocido en el estado de la técnica un sistema de recirculación de gases de escape (EGR) que incluye un filtro de partículas (DPF), situado todo el conjunto aguas arriba de la turbina, provisto para un motor diesel de combustión interna.  From US 2007/0095054 A1, an exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR) which includes a particulate filter (DPF) is located in the state of the art, located throughout the assembly upstream of the turbine, provided for diesel internal combustion engine.
También es conocido en el estado de la técnica el documento WO 2010/092201 A1 en el que se describe un colector de escape de un motor alternativo turbo-sobrealimentado con cualquier número de cilindros entre 2 y 6 con filtro de partículas (DPF) y recirculación de gases de escape (EGR), aguas arriba de la turbina.  Also known in the prior art is WO 2010/092201 A1 in which an exhaust manifold of an alternative turbocharged engine with any number of cylinders between 2 and 6 with particle filter (DPF) and recirculation is described of exhaust gases (EGR), upstream of the turbine.
Ambas propuestas proponen soluciones eficaces para el aprovechamiento de la energía de los gases de escape y lograr un alto grado de limpieza de dichas emisiones de gases antes de los turbogrupos de los motores Diesel sobrealimentados.  Both proposals propose effective solutions for harnessing the energy of the exhaust gases and achieving a high degree of cleanliness of said gas emissions before the supercharged diesel engine turbogroups.
Sin embargo, la industria automovilística demanda continuamente soluciones eficaces frente a la problemática planteada y que se encuentre un equilibrio más eficaz en cuanto a limpieza de las emisiones de escape frente a la pérdida en la eficiencia del motor que esto supone. Inevitablemente, el adelantar los catalizadores y filtros de partículas aguas arriba de la turbina en los motores Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados, lleva consigo una respuesta transitoria de los motores sobrealimentados muy deficiente cuando se parte de condiciones frías de motor, debido a la elevada inercia térmica de estos elementos de postratamiento de gases y a las pérdidas de calor antes de que los gases de escape lleguen a la turbina.  However, the automobile industry continually demands effective solutions to the problem posed and that a more effective balance be found in terms of cleaning exhaust emissions in the face of the loss in engine efficiency that this entails. Inevitably, advancing catalysts and particle filters upstream of the turbine in turbocharged diesel engines, carries with it a transient response of supercharged supercharged engines when starting from cold engine conditions, due to the high thermal inertia of these elements after gas treatment and heat losses before the exhaust gases reach the turbine.
La presente invención busca maximizar las prestaciones del motor y minimizar las pérdidas de energía debidas al postratamiento de los gases.  The present invention seeks to maximize engine performance and minimize energy losses due to post-treatment of gases.
Descripción de la invención Description of the invention
La presente invención responde a los problemas anteriormente mencionados con un dispositivo que alberga los elementos de postratamiento de gases de escape DOC y PDF aguas arriba de la turbina. De esta manera estos elementos de postratamiento de gases se benefician de una temperatura de los gases más alta, lo que mejora la eficiencia del proceso de limpieza. Además, generan una menor contrapresión al motor alternativo, por lo que también se mejora la eficiencia del motor. The present invention responds to the aforementioned problems with a device that houses the DOC and PDF exhaust gas after-treatment elements upstream of the turbine. In this way these gas after-treatment elements benefit from a higher gas temperature, which improves the efficiency of the cleaning process. In addition, they generate a lower back pressure to the alternative engine, so that engine efficiency is also improved.
Esta disposición novedosa de los elementos de postratamiento DOC y DPF deja espacio libre aguas abajo de la turbina y abajo del habitáculo del vehículo para albergar otros elementos de postratamiento como el SCR y los sistemas silenciadores. Esta solución compacta que utiliza una superficie de filtrado más eficiente, permite reducir el volumen y el peso de los elementos de postratamiento.  This novel arrangement of the DOC and DPF post-treatment elements leaves free space downstream of the turbine and below the vehicle cabin to house other post-treatment elements such as the SCR and the silencer systems. This compact solution, which uses a more efficient filtering surface, reduces the volume and weight of post-treatment elements.
Estos y otros objetos se consiguen mediante un dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los motores de combustión interna alternativos Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados que está situado aguas arriba de la turbina y que comprende:  These and other objects are achieved by means of an exhaust gas treatment device of the turbo-supercharged alternative diesel internal combustion engines that is located upstream of the turbine and comprising:
• Al menos un precatalizador de oxidación, que serán de número igual a las pipas de escape procedentes del motor del vehículo y que descargan en el dispositivo de tratamiento de gases. Estos precatalizadores de oxidación protusionan desde el dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape hacia dentro de las pipas de escape. Recogen los gases de escape contaminantes procedentes del motor.  • At least one oxidation pre-catalyst, which will be of equal number to the exhaust pipes coming from the vehicle's engine and that discharge into the gas treatment device. These oxidation pre-catalysts protrude from the exhaust gas treatment device into the exhaust pipes. They collect polluting exhaust gases from the engine.
• Al menos un filtro de partículas aguas abajo de los precatalizadores de oxidación. Los filtros de partículas recogen los gases de escape procedentes de los precatalizadores de oxidación. Siempre que el número de cilindros del motor sea superior a 3 y múltiplo de 3, dichos precatalizadores de oxidación se agrupan en grupos que recogen los gases de 3 cilindros del motor. Tales grupos descargan a un único filtro de partículas con lo que los filtros de partículas son de número igual a los grupos de precatalizadores de oxidación que se formen.  • At least one particle filter downstream of the oxidation pre-catalysts. The particulate filters collect the exhaust gases from the oxidation pre-catalysts. Provided that the number of engine cylinders is greater than 3 and a multiple of 3, said oxidation pre-catalysts are grouped into groups that collect the 3-cylinder gases from the engine. Such groups discharge to a single particle filter so that the particle filters are of equal number to the groups of oxidation precatalysts that are formed.
• Al menos un postcatalizador de oxidación aguas abajo de los filtros de partículas que son como mínimo de número igual los grupos de precatalizadores de oxidación configurados.  • At least one oxidation postcatalyst downstream of the particle filters that are at least of equal number the groups of oxidation precatalysts configured.
· Una carcasa exterior, que comprende:  An outer shell, comprising:
- Al menos una brida de unión. Una brida une la carcasa a la culata del motor y otra brida une la carcasa a la turbina.  - At least one union flange. One flange connects the housing to the engine head and another flange connects the housing to the turbine.
- Al menos una apertura hacia un conducto de salida de gases de escape recirculados (EGR). - Una pared interior paralela a la zona de la carcasa exterior. Dicha carcasa exterior delimita una cámara de aislamiento y de regulación de los gases de escape (EGR) que se introducen en ella a través de al menos un orificio ubicado en dicha pared interior aguas abajo de los citados al menos un postcatalizador de oxidación. - At least one opening towards a recirculated exhaust gas (EGR) outlet duct. - An inner wall parallel to the area of the outer shell. Said outer shell delimits an exhaust gas regulation and isolation chamber (EGR) that is introduced therein through at least one hole located in said inner wall downstream of the aforementioned at least one oxidation postcatalyst.
• Un conducto de salida de los gases de escape hacia la turbina que está configurado como una prolongación de la pared interior.  • An exhaust duct to the turbine that is configured as an extension of the inner wall.
Caracteriza la invención la situación de unos espacios vacíos entre los precatalizadores de oxidación y los filtros de partículas, entre los filtros de partículas y los postcatalizadores de oxidación, y entre los poscatalizadores de oxidación y el conducto de salida que permiten la expansión y contracción, difusión lateral y homogenización del flujo de los gases de escape a la salida y entrada de los canales.  The invention characterizes the situation of empty spaces between oxidation precatalysts and particle filters, between particle filters and oxidation postcatalysts, and between oxidation postcatalysts and the outlet duct that allow expansion and contraction, diffusion lateral and homogenization of the flow of exhaust gases at the outlet and inlet of the channels.
Caracteriza también al dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo- sobrealimentados que en la zona de los filtros de partículas el dispositivo comprende unos monolitos separados entre sí por unas almas metálicas perforadas, configurados tales monolitos entre dos espacios vacíos. Las almas metálicas perforadas se extienden hasta el final de los monolitos y están perforadas de tal manera que son permeables a los gases de escape que circulan por dichos monolitos. Estas almas tienen una función estructural y están seccionadas transversalmente para cumplir esta misión con el menor peso posible.  It also characterizes the exhaust gas treatment device of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) turbocharged diesel that in the area of the particle filters the device comprises monoliths separated from each other by perforated metal souls, configured such monoliths Between two empty spaces. The perforated metal souls extend to the end of the monoliths and are perforated in such a way that they are permeable to the exhaust gases that circulate through said monoliths. These souls have a structural function and are cross-sectioned to fulfill this mission with the lowest possible weight.
Entre los monolitos de los filtros de partículas el dispositivo comprende además unas almas metálicas intermedias a las anteriores y estancas que se extienden aguas abajo de los postcatalizadores de oxidación y poseen una doble función estructural y de convertidor de impulsos. Las almas metálicas estancas están dispuestas a lo largo del dispositivo de forma paralela entre sí de tal forma que evitan que los pulsos de presión generados en los espacios vacíos por la descarga de gases de uno de los cilindros lleguen al resto de cilindros. Pues para ello los pulsos de presión tendrían que atravesar dos veces los monolitos y otras dos veces los postcatalizadores lo cual laminaría los pulsos y los haría desaparecer. Es decir, las almas metálicas estancas separan los espacios vacíos en cuatro cámaras que sólo se comunican entre sí a través de los monolitos o de los postcatalizadores lo cual evita la interferencia entre procesos de escape de cilindros consecutivos en orden de encendido y consiguen que todos los cilindros descarguen sobre porciones del colector de escape de volumen similar, manteniendo el equilibrado de los cilindros y reduciendo las pérdidas de energía cinética. Among the monoliths of the particulate filters, the device further comprises intermediate and watertight metal souls that extend downstream of the oxidation postcatalysts and have a double structural and pulse converter function. The watertight metal souls are arranged along the device parallel to each other in such a way that they prevent the pressure pulses generated in the empty spaces by the discharge of gases from one of the cylinders from reaching the rest of the cylinders. For this, the pressure pulses would have to go through the monoliths twice and twice the postcatalysts which would laminate the pulses and make them disappear. That is, the watertight metal souls separate the empty spaces into four chambers that only communicate with each other through the monoliths or postcatalysts, which avoids interference between consecutive cylinder exhaust processes in order of ignition and ensures that all cylinders discharge over manifold portions of similar volume exhaust, maintaining the balancing of the cylinders and reducing kinetic energy losses.
Por ser las porciones del colector de escape delimitadas por las almas metálicas estancas de carácter esencialmente unidimensional (la longitud de cada porción predomina sobre el resto de las dimensiones) se reducirán las pérdidas de energía cinética de los gases de escape con respecto a un colector que no estuviera dividido en estas porciones por almas metálicas estancas. Since the portions of the exhaust manifold are delimited by the watertight metal souls of essentially one-dimensional character (the length of each portion predominates over the rest of the dimensions), the losses of kinetic energy of the exhaust gases with respect to a manifold that will be reduced It was not divided into these portions by watertight metal souls.
Las almas metálicas estancas dispuestas según los comentarios anteriores, se extienden hasta el espacio vacío situado entre los postcatalizadores de oxidación y el conducto de salida, sin llegar a dividirlo en cámaras incomunicadas pero reduciendo la sección efectiva de paso del flujo que sale a dicho espacio vacío desde cada una de las porciones en que se ha dividido el colector. Es decir, reduciendo (a la altura de la punta de cada alma) la sección de paso del flujo que sale desde cada uno de los postcatalizadores de oxidación, hasta el espacio vacío situado entre los postcatalizadores de oxidación y el conducto de salida. La reducción de la sección efectiva de paso es tal que ésta ha de ser igual, en área, a un valor entre 0.7 veces y 0.4 veces la sección del conducto de salida; dependiendo de qué valor entre los propuestos sea el que optimiza la aceleración del flujo frente a las pérdidas de carga que se le ocasiona. Éste óptimo dependerá del motor concreto al que se aplique la invención. The watertight metal souls arranged according to the previous comments, extend to the empty space located between the oxidation postcatalysts and the outlet duct, without dividing it into incommunicated chambers but reducing the effective section of flow passage that leaves said empty space from each of the portions in which the collector has been divided. That is, reducing (at the height of the tip of each soul) the flow passage section that leaves from each of the oxidation postcatalysts, to the empty space between the oxidation postcatalysts and the outlet duct. The reduction of the effective section of passage is such that it must be equal, in area, to a value between 0.7 times and 0.4 times the section of the outlet duct; depending on what value among those proposed is that which optimizes the acceleration of the flow against the losses of load that is caused. This optimum will depend on the specific engine to which the invention is applied.
De esta forma, la penetración de las almas metálicas estancas en el espacio vacío situado entre los postcatalizadores de oxidación y el conducto de salida, hace una función de convertidor de impulsos, lo que también reduce las pérdidas de energía cinética y reduce aún más la transferencia de pulsos entre las distintas porciones en que dividen al colector de escape. In this way, the penetration of the watertight metal souls in the empty space located between the oxidation postcatalysts and the output duct, acts as a pulse converter, which also reduces the losses of kinetic energy and further reduces the transfer of pulses between the different portions into which they divide the exhaust manifold.
Cuando el número de cilindros del motor sea múltiplo de 3 -y superior a 3- dichas almas metálicas centrales y estancas separarán grupos de 3 cilindros, en lugar de separar cada cilindro. Con la particularidad de que los cilindros que pertenecen al mismo grupo tengan un orden de encendido no consecutivo, es decir, sean cilindros alternativos en el orden de encendido del motor. Esta caracterización de la invención condiciona el número de almas metálicas estancas máximo necesario al número de cilindros y al orden de encendido del motor. En una realización de la invención, en un motor de 6 cilindros con orden de encendido 1 -5-3-6-2-4-1 , sería necesario una única alma central estanca que separase los cilindros 1 , 2 y 3 de los cilindros 4, 5 y 6. El alma central que separa entre sí los cilindros consecutivos en orden de encendido hará innecesario el uso de turbinas de entrada dividida, conocidas como turbinas 'twin', típicamente empleadas en los motores de 6 cilindros. When the number of cylinders of the engine is a multiple of 3-and greater than 3- said central and watertight metal souls will separate groups of 3 cylinders, instead of separating each cylinder. With the particularity that the cylinders belonging to the same group have a non-consecutive ignition order, that is, they are alternative cylinders in the order of ignition of the engine. This characterization of the invention conditions the maximum number of watertight metal souls necessary to the number of cylinders and the engine starting order. In one embodiment of the invention, in a 6-cylinder engine with ignition order 1 -5-3-6-2-4-1, a single watertight core would be necessary to separate cylinders 1, 2 and 3 from the cylinders 4, 5 and 6. The central core that separates the consecutive cylinders in order of ignition will make unnecessary the use of split-entry turbines, known as 'twin' turbines, typically used in 6-cylinder engines.
Para solucionar el problema de respuesta transitoria del motor turbo- sobrealimentado en frió y mantener las prestaciones de la respuesta dinámica de los motores turbo-sobrealimentados equipados con esta invención, es decir, una respuesta igual de rápida ante demandas de par que la que existe en los motores turbo-sobrealimentados que dispongan del postratamiento aguas abajo de la turbina, se propone una modificación de la estrategia de control de dosificación del combustible en función del aire admitido al motor. El cambio consiste en aumentar la relación máxima permitida entre combustible inyectado y aire admitido por los cilindros hasta la relación estequiométrica, o hasta un 20% superior si fuera necesario, durante los transitorios de carga y de régimen que suponen demandas bruscas de prestaciones del motor. To solve the problem of transient response of the turbocharged supercharged engine and maintain the dynamic response performance of turbocharged engines equipped with this invention, that is, an equally quick response to torque demands than the one in turbocharged engines that have after-treatment downstream of the turbine, a modification of the fuel dosage control strategy is proposed based on the air admitted to the engine. The change consists in increasing the maximum allowed ratio between injected fuel and air admitted by the cylinders up to the stoichiometric ratio, or up to 20% higher if necessary, during the transient load and regime that represent sudden demands for engine performance.
Descripción de los dibujos Description of the drawings
Para completar la descripción y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a esta memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, un conjunto de dibujos en dónde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:  In order to complete the description and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this descriptive report is attached, as an integral part thereof, a set of drawings in which with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the next:
La figura 1 es una vista en general de la planta, dos alzados y perfil del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados objeto de la invención, donde se puede observar la dirección del flujo de los gases de escape. Esta figura 1 nos informa de los cortes realizados en el dispositivo y que son representados en las siguientes figuras.  Figure 1 is a general view of the plant, two elevations and profile of the exhaust gas treatment device of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) turbocharged diesel engines object of the invention, where the direction of the flow of exhaust gases. This figure 1 informs us of the cuts made in the device and that are represented in the following figures.
La figura 2 es una vista de la planta en corte del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados. Se corresponde a la sección A-A realizada al perfil del dispositivo.  Figure 2 is a sectional view of the cut-out of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel. It corresponds to section A-A made to the device profile.
La figura 3 es una vista del perfil en corte del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados. Se corresponde a la sección B-B realizada al alzado del dispositivo. La figura 4 es una vista del perfil en corte del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados. Se corresponde a la sección C-C realizada al alzado del dispositivo. Figure 3 is a sectional view of the exhaust gas treatment device of turbocharged diesel MCIAs. It corresponds to the section BB made to the elevation of the device. Figure 4 is a sectional view of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel. It corresponds to the CC section made to the elevation of the device.
La figura 5 es una vista del perfil en corte del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados. Se corresponde a la sección D-D realizada al alzado del dispositivo.  Figure 5 is a sectional view of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel. It corresponds to the D-D section made to the elevation of the device.
La figura 6 es una vista del alzado en corte del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados. Se corresponde a la sección E-E realizada a la planta del dispositivo.  Figure 6 is a sectional elevation view of the turbocharged diesel MCIA exhaust treatment device. It corresponds to the section E-E made to the plant of the device.
La figura 7 es una vista del alzado en corte del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados. Se corresponde a la sección F-F realizada a la planta del dispositivo.  Figure 7 is a sectional elevation view of the turbocharged diesel MCIA exhaust treatment device. It corresponds to the section F-F made to the plant of the device.
La figura 8 es una vista del alzado en corte del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados. Se corresponde a la sección G-G realizada a la planta del dispositivo.  Figure 8 is a sectional elevation view of the turbocharged diesel MCIA exhaust treatment device. It corresponds to the G-G section made to the device floor.
A continuación se proporciona una lista de los distintos elementos representados en las figuras que integran la invención:  Below is a list of the different elements represented in the figures that make up the invention:
1 = Dispositivo del tratamiento de gases de escape  1 = Exhaust gas treatment device
2 = Carcasa exterior  2 = outer shell
3 = Bridas de unión  3 = Union flanges
4 = Bridas de fijación  4 = Fixing flanges
5 = Abertura hacia un conducto de salida de los gases de escape recirculados (EGR)  5 = Opening to an outlet duct of recirculated exhaust gases (EGR)
6 = Abertura hacia un conducto de salida de los gases de escape recirculados (EGR)  6 = Opening to an outlet duct of recirculated exhaust gases (EGR)
7 = Pared interior  7 = Inner wall
8 = Cámara aislante y de regulación  8 = Insulating and regulating chamber
9 = Lumbreras  9 = Louvers
10 = Ramas de entrada  10 = Branches of entry
1 1 = Precatalizadores de oxidación  1 1 = Oxidation Precatalysts
12 = Almas metálicas centrales y estancas  12 = Central and watertight metal souls
13 = Postcatalizadores de oxidación 14 Filtros de partículas 13 = Oxidation postcatalysts 14 Particle Filters
15 Espacio vacío  15 Empty space
16 Monolitos  16 monoliths
17 Almas metálicas perforadas  17 perforated metal souls
18 Espacio vacío  18 Empty space
19 = Espacio vacío  19 = Empty space
20 = Conducto de salida  20 = Exit duct
Descripción detallada de la invención Detailed description of the invention
A vista de lo anteriormente enunciado y haciendo referencia a la numeración adoptada en las figuras, se representa en las figuras 1 a 8 una realización preferente el dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados de un motor de 4 cilindros con dos pipas de escape en cada cilindro.  In view of the foregoing and referring to the numbering adopted in the figures, a preferred embodiment of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged diesel MCIAs of a 4-cylinder engine is shown in Figures 1 to 8. two exhaust pipes in each cylinder.
ura 1 es una vista en general de la planta, dos alzados y perfil del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados objeto de la invención.  ura 1 is a general view of the plant, two elevations and profile of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) turbocharged diesel engines object of the invention.
En la planta se representa la carcasa exterior (2) que protege al conjunto, carcasa exterior (2) que incluye unas bridas de unión (3) a la culata del motor y unas bridas de fijación (4) a la turbina colocadas en sus extremos y dos aberturas hacia un conducto de salida de los gases de escape recirculados (EGR) (5) y (6) situados en los extremos laterales superiores de la carcasa exterior (2).  The plant represents the outer casing (2) that protects the whole, outer casing (2) that includes connecting flanges (3) to the cylinder head and fixing flanges (4) to the turbine placed at its ends and two openings towards an outlet duct of the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) (5) and (6) located at the upper lateral ends of the outer casing (2).
En el extremo superior de la carcasa (2) se encuentran las ram entrada de los gases de escape (10) que se posicionan enfrentadas a las pipas de escape del motor, con precatalizadores de oxidación (1 1 ) encastrados en su parte inicial y asomando hacia la culata del motor de tal forma que al unir el dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) y la culata del motor, parte del precatalizador de oxidación (1 1 ) queda encastrado también en la culata.  At the upper end of the housing (2) are the ram inlet of the exhaust gases (10) that are positioned facing the engine's exhaust pipes, with oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) embedded in its initial part and sticking out towards the engine head in such a way that by joining the exhaust gas treatment device (1) and the engine head, part of the oxidation precatalyst (1 1) is also embedded in the cylinder head.
En el extremo inferior de la carcasa (2) se encuentra el conducto de salida (20) de los gases de escape hacia la turbina, y las bridas de fijación (4) que mantienen sujeto el conjunto a la turbina.  At the lower end of the housing (2) is the exhaust duct (20) of the exhaust gases towards the turbine, and the fixing flanges (4) that hold the assembly to the turbine.
En el alzado superior del dispositivo se pueden observar los orificios donde se alojan los precatalizadores de oxidación (1 1 ) y la geometría de las bridas de unión (3) a la culata del motor. En el alzado inferior del dispositivo se puede apreciar la anchura el dispositivo objeto de la invención, el conducto de salida (20) del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape hacia la turbina y las bridas de unión (4) a la citada turbina. In the upper elevation of the device, the holes where the oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) and the geometry of the connecting flanges (3) to the engine head can be observed. In the lower elevation of the device, the width of the device object of the invention, the outlet duct (20) of the exhaust gas treatment device towards the turbine and the connecting flanges (4) to said turbine can be seen.
En el perfil de la figura 1 se puede observar la longitud del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases, donde en un extremo se puede apreciar una abertura hacia un conducto de salida de los gases de escape recirculados (EGR) (6), las bridas de unión (3) a la culata del motor y las ramas de entrada (10) de los gases de escape al dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape, mientras en el otro extremo se encuentra el conducto de salida (20) del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape hacia la turbina y las bridas de fijación (4) a dicha turbina.  In the profile of Figure 1, the length of the gas treatment device can be seen, where at one end an opening can be seen towards an outlet duct of the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) (6), the connecting flanges (3) to the engine head and the inlet branches (10) of the exhaust gases to the exhaust gas treatment device, while at the other end is the outlet duct (20) of the gas treatment device exhaust to the turbine and fixing flanges (4) to said turbine.
La figura 2 es una vista de la planta en corte A-A del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados donde se pueden observar los elementos que están alojados dentro de la carcasa exterior (2) del dispositivo con mucho más detalle.  Figure 2 is a view of the section in section AA of the turbocharged diesel MCIA exhaust gas treatment device where the elements that are housed inside the outer casing (2) of the device can be seen in much more detail .
En el extremo superior del dispositivo se pueden observar las ramas de entrada (10) de los gases de escape procedentes del motor construidas de un espesor muy fino y con un material de baja inercia térmica. Los precatalizadores de oxidación (1 1 ) se colocan una parte encastrados en dichas ramas de entrada At the upper end of the device, the inlet branches (10) of the exhaust gases from the engine constructed of a very thin thickness and with a low thermal inertia material can be observed. The oxidation precatalysts (1 1) are placed a part embedded in said input branches
(10) y otra parte saliente hacia el exterior, de tal manera que al unirse el conjunto del dispositivo a la culata del motor, los precatalizadores de oxidación(10) and another outwardly projecting part, such that when the assembly of the device is attached to the cylinder head, the oxidation precatalysts
(1 1 ) quedan igualmente encastrados a dicha culata. Los precatalizadores de oxidación (1 1 ) pueden ser tanto de material metálico como cerámico. (1 1) are also embedded in said stock. The oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) can be both metallic and ceramic.
A continuación, aguas abajo de los precatalizadores de oxidación (1 1 ), se deja un espacio vacío (15) en la dirección longitudinal del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) con lo que se permite la difusión lateral de los gases de escape y su homogenización antes de la entrada de unos filtros de partículas (14) que dan servicio a cada agrupación de cilindros.  Next, downstream of the oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1), an empty space (15) is left in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) whereby lateral diffusion of the gasses is allowed Exhaust and homogenization before the entry of particle filters (14) that serve each cylinder cluster.
Seguidamente al espacio vacío (15) se encuentran los elementos de postratamiento de las partículas de hollín, que son los filtros de partículas (14). Los filtros de partículas (14) están formados por monolitos (16) separados entre sí por unas almas metálicas perforadas (17) distribuidas a lo largo de su longitud confiriendo rigidez estructural al conjunto. El número de monolitos (16) estará determinado por la anchura y el espesor del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ), de tal manera que se cubra toda la superficie frontal del mismo. La longitud de los monolitos (16) vendrá dada por el área de filtrado necesaria para un determinado motor y una determinada aplicación dada un área frontal, que a su vez está restringida por la altura que se le pueda dar al conjunto del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) y por la densidad de celdas de los monolitos (16). El aumento del área frontal de los filtros de partículas conduce a una reducción de la longitud del conjunto. Next to the empty space (15) are the post-treatment elements of the soot particles, which are the particle filters (14). The particle filters (14) are formed by monoliths (16) separated from each other by perforated metal souls (17) distributed along their length conferring structural rigidity on the whole. The number of monoliths (16) will be determined by the width and thickness of the exhaust gas treatment device (1), such that the entire front surface of the same. The length of the monoliths (16) will be given by the filtering area necessary for a given engine and a given application given a frontal area, which in turn is restricted by the height that can be given to the whole of the treatment device of exhaust gases (1) and by the cell density of the monoliths (16). The increase in the frontal area of the particle filters leads to a reduction in the length of the assembly.
A continuación y aguas abajo de los filtros de partículas (14) se deja otro espacio vacío (18) en la dirección longitudinal del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) que permite la expansión del flujo a la salida de los canales de los filtros de partículas (14) y su total homogenización a la entrada de los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13).  Next and downstream of the particle filters (14), another empty space (18) is left in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) that allows the expansion of the flow at the outlet of the channels of the particle filters (14) and their total homogenization at the entrance of the oxidation postcatalysts (13).
Los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13) se sitúan aguas abajo de precatalizadores de oxidación (1 1 ) y de los filtros de partículas (14) posición la cual no es nada convencional y es una de las reivindicaciones más importantes de la presente invención ya que permite retener, a modo de filtro, las partículas o restos de cerámica que puedan desprenderse de los monolitos (16) que conforman los filtros de partículas (14) protegiéndose así la turbina de su posible impacto. La sección frontal del postcatalizador de oxidación (13) tendrá la misma magnitud que la formada por los monolitos (16) del filtro de partículas (14) y su longitud vendrá determinada por la superficie catalítica necesaria para un determinado motor y un determinado nivel de impregnación de catalizador sobre las superficie de los canales, así como por las características de los precatalizadores de oxidación (1 1 ). Respecto de la geometría ha de tenerse en cuenta, que con la configuración propuesta la sección efectiva del trabajo del postcatalizador de oxidación (13) es igual a su sección geométrica ya que el filtro de partículas situadas aguas arriba del mismo distribuye el flujo de forma casi homogénea.  The oxidation postcatalysts (13) are located downstream of oxidation precatalysts (1 1) and of the particle filters (14) position which is not conventional and is one of the most important claims of the present invention since it allows retain, as a filter, the ceramic particles or remains that can be released from the monoliths (16) that make up the particle filters (14) thus protecting the turbine from its possible impact. The front section of the oxidation postcatalyst (13) will have the same magnitude as that formed by the monoliths (16) of the particle filter (14) and its length will be determined by the catalytic surface necessary for a given engine and a certain level of impregnation of catalyst on the surface of the channels, as well as the characteristics of the oxidation precatalysts (1 1). Regarding the geometry, it must be taken into account that, with the proposed configuration, the effective section of the work of the oxidation postcatalyst (13) is equal to its geometric section since the filter of particles located upstream of it distributes the flow almost homogeneous
A continuación de los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13) se ubica un espacio vacío (19) de planta tronco-piramidal o tronco-cónica, pero esencialmente de sección decreciente, que recoge y dirige los gases de escape hacia la salida del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) y está limitado y conformado por una pared interior (7), la salida de los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13) y un conducto de salida (20) del dispositivo.  Following the oxidation postcatalysts (13) an empty space (19) of a trunk-pyramidal or conical-trunk plant is located, but essentially of decreasing section, which collects and directs the exhaust gases towards the outlet of the treatment device for Exhaust gases (1) and is limited and formed by an inner wall (7), the outlet of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) and an outlet duct (20) of the device.
Finalmente, a continuación del espacio vacío (19), se ubicará el conducto de salida (20) de los gases de escape hacia la turbina, configurado con una prolongación de la pared interior (7) lo que proporciona un mayor efecto aislante y eyector a los gases de escape. Aproximadamente hacia la mitad de la longitud del conducto de salida (20) y en el tramo que todavía está dentro de la carcasa exterior (2) se ubican unas lumbreras (9) por las que los gases de escape recirculados (EGR) entran en la cámara aislante y de regulación (8) del EGR formada entre la pared interior (7) y la carcasa exterior (2). Dicha cámara aislante y de regulación (8) rodea prácticamente todo el dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) excepto en la zona de entrada de gases encastrada dentro de la culata del motor. Finally, following the empty space (19), the exhaust duct (20) of the exhaust gases will be located towards the turbine, configured with a prolongation of the inner wall (7) which provides a greater insulating and ejector effect. Exhaust gases Approximately half the length of the outlet duct (20) and in the section that is still inside the outer casing (2) are located ports (9) through which the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) enter the Insulating and regulating chamber (8) of the EGR formed between the inner wall (7) and the outer shell (2). Said insulating and regulating chamber (8) surrounds practically the entire exhaust gas treatment device (1) except in the gas inlet zone embedded within the engine head.
Los gases de escape recirculados (EGR) fluyen por la cámara aislante y de regulación (8) hasta alcanzar dos aberturas (5) y (6) por las que se dirigirán hacia la parte del circuito de recirculación de los gases de escape (EGR) situado en la culata o en el lado de admisión del motor. Las lumbreras (9) y las dos aberturas hacia el resto del circuito de los gases de escape recirculados (EGR) (5) y (6) se sitúan en extremos opuestos del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ), las lumbreras (9) en una posición próxima a la brida de fijación (4) a la turbina, donde los gases de escape tienen una mayor una temperatura, y las dos aberturas hacia el resto del circuito de recirculación de los gases de escape (EGR) (5) y (6) se sitúan en una posición próxima a las bridas de unión (3) a la culata el motor. Las lumbreras (9) y las dos aberturas hacia el resto del circuito de los gases de escape recirculados (EGR) (5) y (6) se sitúan en extremos opuestos del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) a fin de que el flujo de los gases de escape recirculados (EGR) llene uniformemente toda la cámara aislante y de regulación (8) entre la pared interior (7) y la carcasa exterior (2).  The recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) flow through the insulating and regulating chamber (8) until they reach two openings (5) and (6) through which they will be directed towards the part of the exhaust gas recirculation circuit (EGR) located in the cylinder head or on the intake side of the engine. The ports (9) and the two openings towards the rest of the recirculated exhaust gas (EGR) circuit (5) and (6) are located at opposite ends of the exhaust gas treatment device (1), the ports ( 9) in a position close to the fixing flange (4) to the turbine, where the exhaust gases have a higher temperature, and the two openings towards the rest of the exhaust gas recirculation circuit (EGR) (5 ) and (6) are located in a position close to the connecting flanges (3) to the cylinder head the engine. The ports (9) and the two openings towards the rest of the recirculated exhaust gas (EGR) circuit (5) and (6) are located at opposite ends of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) so that The flow of recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) uniformly fills the entire insulating and regulating chamber (8) between the inner wall (7) and the outer shell (2).
La figura 3 es una vista del perfil en corte B-B del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados donde se puede apreciar más en detalle principalmente las almas metálicas centrales y estancas (12) que poseen a su vez una función estructural y de convertidor de impulsos, por lo que se extienden hasta aguas abajo de los precatalizadores de oxidación (13).  Figure 3 is a view of the profile in section BB of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where it is possible to see more in detail mainly the central and watertight metal souls (12) which in turn have a function Structural and pulse converter, so they extend to downstream of the oxidation pre-catalysts (13).
Se puede observar, de aguas arriba a aguas abajo del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ), una sección de las ramas de entrada de los gases de escape (10), las bridas de unión (3) a la culata del motor, posteriormente las almas metálicas centrales y estancas (12) que se extienden hasta el espacio vacío (19), las lumbreras (9) y finalmente el conducto de salida (20) del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases sujetado por las bridas de fijación (4) a la turbina. Todo ello rodeado por la cámara aislante y de regulación (8) del EGR situada entre la pared interior (7) y la carcasa exterior (2). From the upstream to downstream of the exhaust gas treatment device (1), a section of the intake branches of the exhaust gases (10), the connection flanges (3) to the cylinder head of the engine can be observed , subsequently the central and watertight metal souls (12) that extend to the empty space (19), the ports (9) and finally the outlet duct (20) of the gas treatment device held by the fixing flanges (4) to the turbine. All this surrounded by the insulating and regulating chamber (8) of the EGR located between the inner wall (7) and the outer shell (2).
El grupo de ramas de entrada (10) de los gases de escape al que descarga cada cilindro del motor (o las dos pipas correspondientes de la culata) en la realización preferente está separado del resto por las almas metálicas centrales y estancas (12) que dividen el volumen del colector en cuatro cámaras incomunicadas hasta aguas debajo de los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13) con lo que se cumple su función de convertidor de impulsos y de esta forma se evitará la interferencia entre procesos de escape de cilindros consecutivos en orden de encendido y se conseguirá que todos los cilindros descarguen sobre porciones del colector de escape de volumen similar, manteniendo el equilibrado de los cilindros y reduciendo las pérdidas de energía cinética.  The group of inlet branches (10) of the exhaust gases to which each engine cylinder (or the two corresponding pipes of the cylinder head) is discharged in the preferred embodiment is separated from the rest by the central and sealed metal souls (12) which divide the volume of the collector into four incommunicated chambers until downstream of the oxidation postcatalysts (13), thus fulfilling its function as a pulse converter and thus avoiding interference between exhaust processes of consecutive cylinders in order of ignition and all the cylinders will be discharged on portions of the exhaust manifold of similar volume, maintaining the balancing of the cylinders and reducing the losses of kinetic energy.
La figura 4 es una vista del perfil en corte C-C del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados donde se puede apreciar más en detalle principalmente las almas metálicas perforadas (17) que separan los monolitos (16) que forman los filtros de partículas (14) extendiéndose todos ellos hasta el espacio vacío (18). Aguas abajo del espacio vacío (18) se puede observar una sección de los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13), el extremo final de las almas metálicas (12), y el último espacio vacío (19).  Figure 4 is a view of the CC sectional profile of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where it is possible to see in greater detail mainly the perforated metal souls (17) that separate the monoliths (16 ) that form the particle filters (14) extending all of them to the empty space (18). Downstream of the empty space (18) a section of the oxidation postcatalysts (13), the final end of the metal souls (12), and the last empty space (19) can be observed.
Las almas metálicas perforadas (17) poseen esta geometría con el fin de que sean permeables a los gases de escape que trasiegan los canales de los monolitos (16). Son también de sección longitudinal triangular para minimizar la cantidad de material y con ello su inercia térmica y su peso. Estas almas metálicas perforadas (17) permiten la difusión lateral de los gases de escape entre los monolitos (16) del filtro de partículas por el que circulan los gases de un mismo cilindro en esta realización preferente o de un mismo grupo de cilindros en los casos que el número de cilindros sea superior a 3 y múltiplo de 3.  Perforated metal souls (17) have this geometry in order to be permeable to the exhaust gases that pass through the channels of the monoliths (16). They are also of triangular longitudinal section to minimize the amount of material and with it its thermal inertia and its weight. These perforated metal souls (17) allow the lateral diffusion of the exhaust gases between the monoliths (16) of the particle filter through which the gases of the same cylinder circulate in this preferred embodiment or of the same group of cylinders in the cases that the number of cylinders is greater than 3 and a multiple of 3.
La figura 5 es una vista del perfil en corte D-D del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados donde se puede apreciar más en detalle principalmente, de aguas arriba a aguas abajo del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ), una sección de los precatalizadores de oxidación (1 1 ) y de las bridas de unión (3) a la culata del motor, posteriormente una vista en sección de las almas metálicas perforadas (17) y de los monolitos (16) que finalizan en el espacio vacío (18). Finalmente se observa una sección de las postcatalizadores de oxidación (13), el extremo de las almas metálicas centrales y estancas (12) y el último espacio vacío (19), todo ello rodeado por la cámara aislante y de regulación (8) del EGR situada entre la pared interior (7) y la carcasa exterior (2). Figure 5 is a view of the sectional profile DD of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where it can be seen more in detail mainly, from upstream to downstream of the gas treatment device Exhaust (1), a section of the oxidation pre-catalysts (1 1) and the connecting flanges (3) to the engine head, then a sectional view of the perforated metal souls (17) and the monoliths ( 16) ending in the empty space (18). Finally, a section of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) is observed, the end of the central and watertight metal souls (12) and the last empty space (19), all surrounded by the insulating and regulating chamber (8) of the EGR located between the inner wall (7) and the outer shell (2 ).
La figura 6 es una vista del alzado en corte E-E del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados donde se puede apreciar más en detalle la sección transversal de los monolitos (16) que forman los filtros de partículas (14). También se pueden apreciar cómo en esta realización las almas metálicas centrales y estancas (12) dividen el volumen del colector en cuatro cámaras incomunicadas, correspondientes a los cuatro cilindros de esta realización preferente, y que permiten evitar las interferencias entre los procesos de escape de los distintos cilindros. Finalmente se aprecian las almas metálicas perforadas (17) que permiten la difusión lateral de los gases de escape entre los monolitos (16) del filtro de partículas (14) por el que circulan los gases de un mismo cilindro, o en otras realizaciones de un mismo grupo de cilindros.  Figure 6 is a sectional elevation view EE of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where the cross section of the monoliths (16) forming the particle filters (14) can be seen in more detail. ). It can also be seen how in this embodiment the central and watertight metal souls (12) divide the volume of the collector into four incommunicated chambers, corresponding to the four cylinders of this preferred embodiment, and which allow avoiding interference between the exhaust processes of the different cylinders Finally, perforated metal souls (17) that allow lateral diffusion of the exhaust gases between the monoliths (16) of the particulate filter (14) through which the gases of the same cylinder circulate, or in other embodiments of a Same group of cylinders.
Es también apreciable en esta figura 6 la vista en sección de la cámara aislante y de regulación (8) del EGR que rodea al dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ), cámara aislante y de regulación (8) situada entre la carcasa exterior (2) y la pared interior (7). Se puede observar por último, aunque con poca claridad porque están tapados por el conjunto, las bridas de fijación a la turbina (4) y, detrás de las almas perforadas (17), los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13).  Also visible in this figure 6 is the sectional view of the insulating and regulating chamber (8) of the EGR surrounding the exhaust gas treatment device (1), insulating and regulating chamber (8) located between the outer housing (2) and the inner wall (7). It can be observed finally, although with little clarity because they are covered by the assembly, the fixing flanges to the turbine (4) and, behind the perforated souls (17), the oxidation postcatalysts (13).
La figura 7 es una vista del alzado en corte F-F del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados donde se puede apreciar más en detalle los orificios de las ramas de entrada Figure 7 is an elevation view in section F-F of the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where the holes of the inlet branches can be seen in more detail
(10) de los gases de escape al dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape de los MCIA Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados y los precatalizadores de oxidación alojados en su interior. También se puede apreciar con más detalle una sección de las bridas de unión (3) del conjunto a la culata del motor que será diferente para cada motor al que se aplique el dispositivo y también se pueden distinguir las aberturas (5) y (6) hacia el resto del circuito de recirculación de los gases de escape, y las bridas de fijación (4) a la turbina. (10) from the exhaust gases to the exhaust gas treatment device of the turbocharged diesel MCIAs and the oxidation pre-catalysts housed inside. A section of the connecting flanges (3) of the assembly to the cylinder head can also be seen in more detail that will be different for each engine to which the device is applied and the openings (5) and (6) can also be distinguished towards the rest of the exhaust gas recirculation circuit, and the fixing flanges (4) to the turbine.
Por último en la figura 8 es una vista del alzado en corte G-G del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los MCIA Diesel turbo- sobrealimentados donde se puede apreciar más en detalle las bridas de fijación (4) del conjunto a la turbina, y a través del conducto de salida (20) del dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape se distinguen una sección de los poscatalizadores de oxidación (13) y el alma metálica estanca (12) que ocupa la posición central y que es de mayor longitud que el resto de almas estancas para actuar como convertidor de impulsos justo a la entrada de la turbina. Este el alma central (12) prácticamente divide en dos el volumen total del colector de escape, minimizando de esta forma la destrucción de energía cinética de los gases de escape antes de la turbina. Finally in Figure 8 is a view of the elevation in section GG of the exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the turbocharged MCIA Diesel where the fastening flanges (4) of the assembly can be seen in more detail turbine, and through the outlet duct (20) of the exhaust treatment device a section of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) and the watertight metal core (12) that occupies the central position and is longer than the other sealed souls to act as a pulse converter just at the entrance of the turbine. This the central core (12) practically divides the total volume of the exhaust manifold in two, thus minimizing the destruction of kinetic energy from the exhaust gases before the turbine.
La presente invención no debe verse limitada a la forma de realización aquí descrita. Otras configuraciones pueden ser realizadas por los expertos en la materia a la vista de la presente descripción. En consecuencia, el ámbito de la invención queda definido por las siguientes reivindicaciones.  The present invention should not be limited to the embodiment described herein. Other configurations can be made by those skilled in the art in view of the present description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.

Claims

Reivindicaciones Claims
1 . - Dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados que comprende una carcasa exterior (2), unida a la culata del motor y la turbina mediante unas bridas de unión (3) y de fijación (4) a la culata del motor y a la turbina respectivamente, que comprende:  one . - Exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) Turbocharged diesel comprising an outer casing (2), connected to the cylinder head and the turbine by means of connecting flanges (3 ) and fixing (4) to the engine head and the turbine respectively, comprising:
- al menos una rama de entrada (10) de los gases de escape al dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape MCIA Diesel turbo- sobrealimentado que comprende en su interior al menos un precatalizador de oxidación (12),  - at least one inlet branch (10) of the exhaust gases to the turbocharged MCIA Diesel exhaust gas treatment device comprising at least one oxidation pre-catalyst (12) inside,
- al menos un filtro de partículas (14) aguas abajo de las ramas de entrada (10),  - at least one particulate filter (14) downstream of the input branches (10),
- al menos un postcatalizador de oxidación (13) aguas abajo de los filtros de partículas (14),  - at least one oxidation postcatalyst (13) downstream of the particle filters (14),
- al menos un conducto de salida (20) de los gases de escape al dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape MCIA Diesel turbo- sobrealimentado que comprende al menos unas lumbreras (9), por las que circulan unos gases de escape recirculados (EGR),  - at least one outlet duct (20) of the exhaust gases to the turbocharged MCIA Diesel exhaust gas treatment device comprising at least some ports (9), through which circulated recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) ,
- al menos una cámara aislante y de regulación (8) de los gases de escape recirculados (EGR) situado entre la carcasa (2) y una pared interior (7), caracterizado por comprender además  - at least one insulating and regulating chamber (8) of the recirculated exhaust gases (EGR) located between the housing (2) and an inner wall (7), characterized by further comprising
- al menos un espacio vacío (15) entre las ramas de entrada (10) y los filtros de partículas (14),  - at least one empty space (15) between the input branches (10) and the particle filters (14),
- al menos un espacio vacío (18) entre los filtros de partículas (14) y los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13),  - at least one empty space (18) between the particle filters (14) and the oxidation postcatalysts (13),
- al menos un espacio vacío (19) entre los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13) y el conducto de salida (20),  - at least one empty space (19) between the oxidation postcatalysts (13) and the outlet duct (20),
de tal manera que la situación de los espacios vacíos (15), (18) y (19) permite la expansión, contracción, difusión lateral y homogenización del flujo de los gases de escape a la salida y entrada de los canales. in such a way that the situation of the empty spaces (15), (18) and (19) allows the expansion, contraction, lateral diffusion and homogenization of the flow of the exhaust gases at the exit and entrance of the channels.
2. - Dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por que los filtros de partículas (14) comprenden unos monolitos (16) separados entre sí por unas almas metálicas perforadas (17), configurados tales monolitos (16) entre los espacios vacíos (15) y (18).2. - Exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) Turbocharged diesel according to claim 1 characterized in that the particle filters (14) comprise monoliths (16) separated from each other by perforated metal souls (17), such monoliths (16) configured between the empty spaces (15) and (18).
3. - Dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados según las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado por que comprende unas almas metálicas centrales y estancas (12) que se extienden hasta el espacio vacío (19), aguas abajo de los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13) donde las almas metálicas estancas (12) separan los espacios vacíos (15) y (18) en cuatro cámaras que sólo se comunican entre sí a través de los monolitos (16) y de los postcatalizadores (13). 3. - Exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) Turbocharged diesel according to the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises central and watertight metal souls (12) extending to the space vacuum (19), downstream of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) where the watertight metal souls (12) separate the empty spaces (15) and (18) into four chambers that only communicate with each other through the monoliths (16 ) and postcatalysts (13).
4. - Dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados según las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado por que comprende una almas metálicas central y estanca (12) que se extienden hasta el espacio vacío (19), aguas abajo de los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13) donde se reduce la sección de paso del flujo que sale desde cada uno de los espacios vacíos (18), a través de los postcatalizadores (13), hasta el espacio (19) de tal manera que la reducción de la sección efectiva de paso es tal que ésta ha de ser igual, en área, a un valor entre 0.7 veces y 0.4 veces la sección del conducto de salida (20).  4. - Exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) Turbocharged diesel according to the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a central and sealed metal souls (12) that extend to the space vacuum (19), downstream of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) where the passage section of the flow leaving each of the empty spaces (18), through the postcatalysts (13), to the space ( 19) in such a way that the reduction of the effective section of passage is such that it must be equal, in area, to a value between 0.7 times and 0.4 times the section of the outlet duct (20).
5. - Dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados según las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado por que comprende una almas metálicas central y estanca (12) que se extienden hasta el espacio vacío (19), aguas abajo de los postcatalizadores de oxidación (13) que cuando el número de cilindros del motor sea múltiplo de 3 -y superior a 3- separan los cilindros en grupos de 3.  5. - Exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) Turbocharged diesel according to the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a central and watertight metal souls (12) extending to the space vacuum (19), downstream of the oxidation postcatalysts (13) that when the number of engine cylinders is a multiple of 3 -and greater than 3- they separate the cylinders into groups of 3.
6. - Dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados según las reivindicaciones 2 ó 3 caracterizado por que las almas metálicas perforadas (17) que separan los monolitos (16) que forman los filtros de partículas (14) se extienden hasta el espacio vacío (18) y están perforadas de tal manera que son permeables a los gases de escape que circulan por los monolitos (16).  6. - Exhaust gas treatment device (1) of the alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) Turbocharged diesel according to claims 2 or 3 characterized in that the perforated metal souls (17) separating the monoliths (16) that form the particle filters (14) extend to the empty space (18) and are perforated in such a way that they are permeable to the exhaust gases circulating through the monoliths (16).
7. Dispositivo de tratamiento de gases de escape (1 ) de los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA) Diesel turbo-sobrealimentados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado por que, durante la fase de transitorio de carga o de aceleración la relación máxima entre combustible inyectado y aire admitido por los cilindros alcance valores hasta de un 20% superiores a la relación estequiométrica entre ambas sustancias. 7. Exhaust gas treatment device (1) of alternative internal combustion engines (MCIA) Turbocharged diesel according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that, during the phase of transitory load or acceleration the maximum ratio between injected fuel and air admitted by the cylinders reaches values up to 20% higher than the stoichiometric relationship between both substances.
PCT/ES2012/070589 2011-09-23 2012-07-30 Device for treating exhaust gases from diesel turbo-supercharged reciprocating internal combustion engines (rice) WO2013041747A1 (en)

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ESP201131537 2011-09-23
ES201131537A ES2401871B2 (en) 2011-09-23 2011-09-23 EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT DEVICE DE LOS MCIA DIESEL TURBO-supercharged

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4416674A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-11-22 Texaco Inc. Filter for treating a particle-carrying gaseous stream
US4887427A (en) * 1985-10-28 1989-12-19 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust particle removing system for an engine
JP2002364335A (en) * 2001-06-11 2002-12-18 Toyota Motor Corp Exhaust emission control device
US20050000208A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-06 Detroit Diesel Corporation Compact dual leg NOx absorber catalyst device and system and method of using the same
JP2005232996A (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-02 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Exhaust gas recirculating system
WO2010092201A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Universidad Politécnica De Valencia Exhaust manifold of a turbo-supercharged reciprocating engine
FR2943387A1 (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-24 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Exhaust gas evacuation and treating circuit for supercharged combustion engine, has exhaust gas recycling branch connected to main branch by annular connector in which annular filter is positioned for filtering recycled gases

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4416674A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-11-22 Texaco Inc. Filter for treating a particle-carrying gaseous stream
US4887427A (en) * 1985-10-28 1989-12-19 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Exhaust particle removing system for an engine
JP2002364335A (en) * 2001-06-11 2002-12-18 Toyota Motor Corp Exhaust emission control device
US20050000208A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-06 Detroit Diesel Corporation Compact dual leg NOx absorber catalyst device and system and method of using the same
JP2005232996A (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-02 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Exhaust gas recirculating system
WO2010092201A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Universidad Politécnica De Valencia Exhaust manifold of a turbo-supercharged reciprocating engine
FR2943387A1 (en) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-24 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Exhaust gas evacuation and treating circuit for supercharged combustion engine, has exhaust gas recycling branch connected to main branch by annular connector in which annular filter is positioned for filtering recycled gases

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ES2401871B2 (en) 2013-09-09

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