WO2013181873A1

WO2013181873A1 - Stirling engine

Info

Publication number: WO2013181873A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/078007
Authority: WO
Inventors: 夏致俊
Original assignee: 镇江市博林光电科技有限公司
Priority date: 2012-06-06
Filing date: 2012-07-01
Publication date: 2013-12-12
Also published as: CN102678384B; CN102678384A

Abstract

Disclosed is a Stirling engine, comprising a gas distribution cylinder (1), a gas distribution piston (3), a heating device (10), a cooling device (11), a working cylinder (5) and a working piston (7); wherein the working piston (7) is adapted to the working cylinder (5) in a sealing way via the piston ring (8) and capable of sliding reciprocatingly; the gas distribution cylinder (1) is connected to the working cylinder (5) via a gas flow channel (9) and the gas distribution piston (3) reciprocatingly moves synchronous to the working piston (7); the gas flow channel (9) has two branches, and the two gas flow channel branches (9) respectively lead to the left and right inner cavities of the working cylinder (5); and the right inner cavity is connected with the gas flow channel (9) via an exhaust valve (14), an actuating portion opposite to the exhaust valve (14) being provided on the right side of the working piston (7). This Stirling engine has a good sealing effect, and reduces the leakage of the working gas so as to make contributions to the improvement of efficiency.

Description

Sterling engine technology

The invention relates to a Stirling engine with good sealing performance and high heat efficiency.

Background technique

The traditional Stirling engine generally heats and cools both sides of the gas distribution cylinder through a heating device and a cooling device disposed outside the gas distribution cylinder, and is heated by the expansion of the gas and the contraction of the cooling gas to match the inside of the gas distribution cylinder. The gas distribution piston moves to drive the work piston in the work cylinder to perform work. In the prior art Stirling engine structure, in order to prevent the heating and cooling device from affecting the action of the gas distribution cylinder, the heating device and the cooling device are usually disposed at The outer sides of the gas distribution cylinder are arranged such that their thermal efficiency is not high. At the same time, the Stirling engine itself has a relatively high sealing requirement. In the prior art, the Stirling engine is the weakest part of the whole sealing system through the dynamic sealing sliding contact between the working piston and the working cylinder. Due to the dynamic sealing nature, It is difficult to effectively improve the sealing performance, which is one of the main problems that constrain the effective efficiency of Stirling.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a Stirling engine with good sealing performance and high heat efficiency.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the Stirling engine of the present invention includes a gas distribution cylinder, a gas distribution piston, a heating device and a cooling device disposed on both axial sides of the gas distribution cylinder, a working cylinder and a work piston; the gas distribution piston can be equipped The air cylinder reciprocates axially, and the gap between the valve piston edge and the inner wall of the gas distribution cylinder has a gap for gas circulation; the work piston is sealed with the work cylinder through the piston ring and can slide back and forth; the gas cylinder passes through the air flow passage and works Cylinder connection, the gas distribution piston and the work piston synchronously reciprocate; the air flow channel has two branches, the two air flow channels respectively lead to the left inner cavity and the right inner cavity of the work cylinder; the left inner cavity and the right inner cavity are respectively Sealed; the right inner chamber is connected to the air flow passage through an exhaust valve, and the right side of the work piston is provided with an actuation portion opposite to the exhaust valve, and when the work piston moves to the right limit position, the touch portion can open the exhaust valve, and The exhaust valve closes when the work piston leaves the right limit position. A ball is disposed between the gas distribution piston and the inner wall of the gas distribution cylinder.

The heating device and the cooling device are both located in the gas distribution cylinder, and the overall shape of the heating device and the cooling device are rods arranged axially with respect to the gas distribution cylinder, and at the same time, the rods are respectively opened on both end faces of the gas distribution piston The heating device and the cooling device cooperate with the heating device slot and the cooling device slot.

The work piston is driven to rotate by an output shaft through a first link and a first crank, and the output shaft is synchronously reciprocated by a second crank and a second link to drive the valve piston.

The second crank and the second link are located in a sealed gas distribution sealing chamber, and the gas distribution sealing chamber communicates with the gas distribution cylinder.

The gas distribution cylinder and the work cylinder are covered with a layer of insulation material.

The first crank and the first link are located in a sealed working sealing cavity, and the working sealing cavity communicates with the left inner cavity or the right inner cavity of the working cylinder.

The gas flow passage is provided with an oil separator that can separate and recover the lubricating oil of the operating member that is vaporized and mixed in the gas flow.

The gas sealing chamber and the working sealing chamber and the output shaft are respectively sealed by a mechanical rotary seal, and the mechanical rotary seal is lubricated and cooled by a lubricating oil circulation cooling system; the lubricating oil circulation cooling system includes an oil supply device The oil supply device is provided with an oil discharge pipeline and a return oil pipeline, and the oil discharge pipeline passes through a gap between the output shaft and the mechanical rotary seal to the oil return pipeline; the oil return pipeline is provided with a pipe pressure regulating valve, To make the backflow of lubricating oil produce a certain back pressure.

The advantages of the invention are as follows:

1. Since the heating device and the cooling device are both disposed inside the gas distribution cylinder, the gas on both sides of the gas distribution cylinder is directly heated or cooled, thereby reducing the energy loss and improving the efficiency of the engine;

2. Since the crank connecting rod and the piston are installed in the sealing cavity, the sealing of the action component is reduced, the sealing property is improved, and the loss of thermal energy is also reduced;

3. The two sets of mechanical seals are lubricated and cooled by the lubricating oil circulation cooling system. At the same time, the pipe pressure regulating valve is installed in the oil return line of the lubricating oil circulation cooling system, which not only cools the mechanical seals, but also increases the machinery. The pressure on the outside of the sealing surface counteracts the pressure of the inner side leakage through the oil pressure on the outer side, thereby preventing leakage, thereby further improving the sealing effect; 4. Since the inner chambers of both sides of the working cylinder are sealed, the leak caused by the poor sealing of the working piston during the gas work in the left inner chamber can be returned to the gas distribution through the exhaust valve of the right inner chamber. The cylinder reduces the leakage loss of the entire working gas medium and also helps to improve the efficiency. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder block portion of a Stirling engine of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a portion of a main shaft of the Stirling engine of the present invention.

detailed description

The Stirling engine of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, the Stirling engine of the present invention includes a gas distribution cylinder 1, a gas distribution piston 3, a heating device 10 disposed on both axial sides of the gas distribution cylinder 1, a cooling device 1 1, a work cylinder 5, and a work piston. 7; the gas distribution piston 3 can reciprocally move axially in the gas distribution cylinder 1, and a gap between the edge of the gas distribution piston 3 and the inner wall of the gas distribution cylinder 1 for gas circulation; the work piston 7 passes through the piston ring 8 and the work cylinder 5 Cooperating with the seal and sliding back and forth; the gas distribution cylinder 1 is connected to the work cylinder 5 through the air flow passage 9, and the gas distribution piston 3 reciprocates synchronously with the work piston 7, and the towel:

One end of the gas distribution piston 3 is connected to the second link 20 provided on the side of the gas distribution cylinder 1, and the second link 20 is connected to the second crank 19 of the L. shape, and one side of the gas distribution cylinder 1 is provided. a gas distribution cylinder sealing chamber 16 matched with the gas distribution cylinder 1, the second crank 19 and the second connecting rod 20 are located in the arranged sealed gas sealing chamber 16, and the gas sealing chamber 16 is in communication with the gas distribution cylinder 1; During installation, one end of the output shaft 23 of the second crank 19 is mounted on the casing of the valve cylinder sealing chamber 16 through a sealed bearing, and the other end extends out of the casing of the valve cylinder sealing chamber 16 and is extended. The output shaft 23 outside the casing of the air cylinder sealing chamber 16 is sealed by a mechanical rotary seal 28 and a fixed seat of the valve cylinder sealing chamber 16; the gas distribution piston 3 disposed in the gas distribution cylinder 1 separates the gas distribution cylinder 1 The two chambers are heated; the left chamber is a heating chamber, and the right chamber is a cooling chamber. The heating device 10 and the cooling device 11 disposed on both sides of the axial side of the gas distribution cylinder 1 respectively heat and cool the two cavities, and the heating device 10 And the cooling device 1 1 are both located in the gas distribution cylinder 1 and the heating device 10 The overall shape of the cooling device 1 1 is a rod shape disposed axially with respect to the gas distribution cylinder, and the installation direction is parallel to the axial movement direction of the gas distribution piston, and it may be a spiral heating pipe or a cooling pipe which is provided with a circulating heating medium. Can also be other forms of a heating pipe or a cooling pipe having a reciprocating medium passage; at the same time, heating device slots 1 2 and cooling device slots respectively corresponding to the rod-shaped heating device 10 and the cooling device 1 1 are respectively provided on both end faces of the gas distribution piston 3 13, the heating device 10 and the cooling device 1 1 can be heated and cooled; the ball 3 is arranged between the gas distribution piston 3 and the inner wall of the gas distribution cylinder 1; the gas distribution cylinder 1 can be composed of two parts, two parts of the gas The cylinders 1 are connected by bolts, and a heat-insulating sealing ring 35 is disposed between the two-part gas-discharging cylinders.

The working cylinder 5 includes a working cylinder block. The end of the working cylinder is provided with an end cap. The end cap of the working cylinder is connected with the working cylinder block by bolts, and the end cap of the working cylinder is arranged between the end cap of the working cylinder and the working cylinder block. There is a high temperature sealing member 37, wherein the end cover of the working cylinder can be disposed on the right end surface of the working cylinder block or the left end surface of the working cylinder block. In order to solve the sealing problem, it is preferably disposed in the working cylinder block. The right end face; the work piston 7 is sealed by the piston ring 8 for preventing gas leakage and the work cylinder 5 and can be reciprocally slid; one end of the work piston 7 is connected with the first link 22 disposed on the side of the work cylinder 5, the first connection The rod 22 is connected to the first crank 2 1 of the j-L shape, and the first crank 2 1 and the first link 22 are located in the sealed work sealing chamber 17, and the left side cavity of the work sealing chamber 17 and the work cylinder 5 Or the inner cavity of the right side is connected; when installing, one end of the output shaft 24 of the first crank 2 1 is mounted on the casing of the working cylinder sealing cavity 17 through the sealed bearing, and the other Extending out of the casing of the working cylinder sealing chamber 17, while the output shaft 24 extending outside the casing of the working cylinder sealing chamber 17 is sealed by the mechanical rotary seal 29 and the fixing seat of the working cylinder sealing chamber 17; mechanical rotary seal 29 It is a sealing device composed of several mechanical parts such as moving ring, static ring, spring and sealing ring. It uses the pressure of the spring to make the two end faces of the moving ring and the stationary ring closely fit together; the gas cylinder 1 and the working cylinder 5 The periphery is covered with a layer 18 of insulating material.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the connection relationship between the gas distribution cylinder 1 and the work cylinder 5 is as follows: the output shaft 24 of the first crank 21 and the output shaft 23 of the second crank 19 are connected by the coupling 32, The two output shafts can be set to the same axis, and the output shafts 23, 24 are provided with the belt flywheel 2, and the phase angles of the first crank 2 1 and the second crank 19 are set to be different by 90 degrees, and the work piston 7 passes the first A link 22 and a first crank 2 1 drive an output shaft to rotate, and the output shaft drives the valve piston 3 to reciprocate synchronously through the second crank 19 and the second link 20; the air flow passage 9 has two branches, two air passages The left inner cavity and the right inner cavity respectively leading to the working cylinder; the left inner cavity and the right inner cavity are sealed; the right inner cavity passes through an exhaust The valve 14 is connected to the air flow passage 9, and the right side of the work piston is provided with an actuation portion 15 opposite to the exhaust valve 14. When the work piston 7 moves to the right limit position, the touch portion 15 can open the exhaust valve 14, and when the work is done When the piston 7 leaves the right limit position, the exhaust valve 14 is closed, and the air flow passage 9 is provided with oil separators 33, 36 for separating and recovering the lubricating oil of the operating member vaporized and mixed in the air flow, and the oil separator 33, 36 The oil return line 34 leading to the gas cylinder sealing chamber 16 and the working cylinder sealing chamber 17 is connected, wherein the oil separators 33 and 36 can share a return oil line 34; the lubricating oil in the mechanism is mixed at a high temperature. In the compressed gas, the oil separated by the oil separator is returned to the gas cylinder sealing chamber 16 and the working cylinder sealing chamber 17 through the oil return line; the air flow passage connected to the left chamber of the working cylinder 5 is provided with air supply The valve 6 and the safety valve 38 can be ventilated in time when the airflow leaks, and at the same time ensure safety. The valve sealing chamber 16 and the working sealing chamber 17 and the output shaft 24 are respectively sealed by the mechanical rotary seals 28, 29 The mechanical rotary seals 28, 29 are lubricated and cooled by a lubricating oil circulation cooling system; the lubricating oil circulation cooling system includes an oil supply device 25, and the oil supply device 25 is provided with an oil discharge line 26 and a return oil line 27, an oil discharge line 26 passes through the gap 30 between the output shaft 24 and the mechanical rotary seals 28, 29 to the return line 27; the return line 27 is provided with a tube pressure regulating valve 3 1 for generating a certain amount of lubricating oil flowing back. Back pressure.

working principle:

When the gas distribution piston 3 is right to the right apex, the compressed gas in the cooling chamber flows into the heating chamber through the gap between the gas distribution piston 3 and the gas distribution cylinder 1, and the built-in cooling device 1 1 cools the gas distribution piston 3 The left end is directly expanded with the built-in heating device 10 and the heated cylinder due to the fact that most of the compressed gas flows, and the expanded compressed gas also flows out through the gap between the gas distribution piston 3 and the gas distribution cylinder 1. , flowing through the air flow passage 9 to the working cylinder 5, and pushing the working piston 7 to work.

When the gas distribution piston 3 is left to the left apex, the high temperature compressed gas in the heating chamber flows into the cooling chamber through the gap between the gas distribution piston 3 and the gas distribution cylinder 1, and the built-in heating device 10 heats the gas distribution piston 3 Most of the high-temperature compressed gas flowing to the left end flows directly to the built-in cooling device 1 1 and the refrigerant on the cooled cylinder to be circulated and cooled, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is cooled and contracted, and the gas in the working piston 7 is contracted by the air flow passage 9 to perform work. The piston then moves to the left, so that the rotary motion of the work is repeated. Wherein, during the operation, the touch portion 15 of the work piston 7 is disposed, and when the work piston 7 is working to the right to approach the right apex of the cylinder, the touch portion 15 opens the valve core of the exhaust valve 14 from the work piston 7 The compressed gas leaking from the piston ring is sent back to the valve piston through the leak return pipe.

The present invention is not limited to the above description, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also belong to the present invention. The scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A Stirling engine, comprising a gas distribution cylinder (1), a gas distribution piston (3), a gas distribution cylinder (1), a heating device (10) disposed on both sides of the axial direction, and a cooling device (11), a working cylinder (5) and the work piston (7); the gas distribution piston (3) can reciprocate axially in the gas distribution cylinder (1), and the air supply piston (3) edge and the inner wall of the gas distribution cylinder (1) are provided The gap between the gas flow; the work piston (7) is sealed with the work cylinder (5) through the piston ring (8) and can slide back and forth; the gas distribution cylinder (1) is connected to the work cylinder (5) through the air flow passage (9), The gas piston (3) reciprocates synchronously with the work piston (7); the air flow channel (9) has two branches, and the two air flow channels respectively lead to the left inner cavity and the right inner cavity of the work cylinder The left inner chamber and the right inner chamber are sealed; the right inner chamber is connected to the air flow passage (9) through an exhaust valve (14), and the right side of the work piston is provided with an actuation portion opposite to the exhaust valve (14) (15), when the work piston (7) moves to the right extreme position The hourly touch portion (15) opens the exhaust valve (14) and the exhaust valve (14) closes when the work piston (7) leaves the right extreme position.

2. The Stirling engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ball (4) is arranged between the valve (3) and the inner wall of the gas cylinder (1).

3. The Stirling engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: said heating device (10) and cooling device (11) are both located in the gas distribution cylinder (1), and the heating device

(10) The overall shape of the cooling device (11) is a rod shape disposed axially with respect to the gas distribution cylinder, and a rod-shaped heating device (10) and cooling are respectively disposed on both end faces of the gas distribution piston (3). The unit (11) is fitted with a heating unit slot (12) and a cooling unit slot (13).

4. The Stirling engine according to claim 1, wherein: said work piston (7) drives an output shaft to rotate by a first link (22) and a first crank (21), said output shaft The valve piston (3) is driven to reciprocate synchronously by the second crank (19) and the second link (20).

5. The Stirling engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: said second crank (19) and said second link (20) are located in a sealed gas-tight chamber (16), with a gas seal The chamber (16) is in communication with the gas distribution cylinder (1).

6. The Stirling engine of claim 4, wherein: said first The crank (2 1 ) and the first link (22) are located in a sealed working sealing chamber (17), and the working sealing chamber (17) communicates with the left inner chamber or the right inner chamber of the working cylinder (5).

7. The Stirling engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas distribution cylinder (1) and the work cylinder (5) are coated with a layer of insulating material (18).

The Stirling engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas flow passage (9) is provided with an oil separator (33, 36).

9. The Stirling engine according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that: the valve sealing chamber (16) and the working sealing chamber (17) and the output shaft are respectively passed through a mechanical rotary seal (28, 29) Sealed, mechanical rotary seal (28, 29) is lubricated and cooled by a lubricating oil circulation cooling system; the lubricating oil circulation cooling system includes an oil supply device (25), and the oil supply device (25) is provided with An oil line (26) and a return line (27), the oil supply line (26) leads to a return line (27) through a gap between the output shaft and the mechanical rotary seal (28, 29); A pipe pressure regulating valve (3 1 ) is provided on the road (27).