WO2015119534A1 - Autonomous water supply system - Google Patents

Autonomous water supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015119534A1
WO2015119534A1 PCT/RU2015/000009 RU2015000009W WO2015119534A1 WO 2015119534 A1 WO2015119534 A1 WO 2015119534A1 RU 2015000009 W RU2015000009 W RU 2015000009W WO 2015119534 A1 WO2015119534 A1 WO 2015119534A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
water supply
supply system
autonomous
heating
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Application number
PCT/RU2015/000009
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Виталий Владимирович СОКОЛОВ
Original Assignee
Виталий Владимирович СОКОЛОВ
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Publication of WO2015119534A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015119534A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
    • E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/04—Domestic or like local pipe systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0026—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means
    • F24D17/0031—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means with accumulation of the heated water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F24H1/201—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/242—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/25—Temperature of the heat-generating means in the heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/265—Occupancy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/335—Control of pumps, e.g. on-off control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2021—Storage heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0244—Heating of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
    • H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
    • H05B3/0052—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications for fluid treatments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/08—Electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/14—Lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to water supply systems with decentralized heating of water and can be used in stand-alone water supply systems both at home and in the field.
  • Water sources that do not have sufficiently large reserve capacities cannot provide human homes with an uninterrupted supply of water. Water flows intermittently. In some areas there is a discrete regime of water supply. To ensure comfortable conditions, compliance with safety and environmental requirements with low water consumption and minimal energy consumption, the development of a special device for supplying flow-accumulating water was required.
  • Such a device is an autonomous water supply system that provides hot / cold water for the sanitary and hygienic needs of a person when washing, brushing teeth, shaving, taking a shower, washing dishes, cooking, etc., as well as other household and industrial needs with a minimum water consumption (from 0.3 to 1 liter per minute) and a minimum power consumption (up to 1 kW).
  • an autonomous water supply system is characterized in that an incandescent lamp with a power consumption of up to 1 kW acts as a means for heating water (instead of the spiral ones currently used in water heaters or similar elements) which within 5 - 10 seconds provides heating of water to 47 ° C and its supply to the consumer through water dispensing devices (faucet, shower, etc.) with a flow rate of 0.3 to 1 liter per minute.
  • the incandescent lamps used are located inside a heat exchanger of a special design made of a wound copper tube for water flow (to ensure galvanic isolation from the power supply to the lamp).
  • a heat exchanger with heating elements is placed in a casing made of porcelain or other low heat-conducting materials.
  • the well-known autonomous water supply systems are designed taking into account the current international practice of the rate of water consumption through the tap - 6 - 9 liters per minute (see “Problems of Space Biology”, Volume XXIV: Chizhov S. V ., Sinyak Yu. E. Water supply for spacecraft crews, Moscow: Nauka, 1973, p. 16, 17). Although this is too much water consumption, until now, practically none of the designers of water supply systems has solved the issue of a significant decrease in this indicator over by increasing the efficiency of using the water jet flowing from the tap, about 90% of which is not involved in the process of washing an object under the jet.
  • Another feature of this device is that its design provides heating and distribution of hot water only when working with water-distributing devices with a water flow rate of 0.3 to 1 liter per minute (for example, with a universal water-dispensing nozzle according to the patent RF Ne 2476273).
  • the technical result of the proposed water supply system is to reduce the flow of water through the tap to 0.3 - 1 liter per minute, that is, an average of 15 times.
  • the water distribution line is provided with a control unit, a water intake means with a pump, water heating means, water dispensing means, as well as a pressure sensor, system operation indicator, photodetectors and temperature sensor, the pump is connected to the water distribution line between the water reserve tank and water distribution means mi, to which water heating means are connected, while a pressure sensor, a system operation indicator, a photodetector and a temperature sensor are respectively connected to the input of the control unit, and the outputs of the control unit are connected to the pump, an incandescent lamp located as a means of heating water inside the heat exchanger, and in water-distributing means, water-saving nozzles installed at the outlet of the drain pipe of each water-distributing means are used.
  • a searchlight (halogen) electric lamp is used as an incandescent lamp, and nozzles are used as water-saving nozzles, providing a water flow rate in the range of 0.3 - 1 liter per minute.
  • any natural or artificial body of water can be used as a capacity for water reservation in this system.
  • the attached drawing shows the electro-hydraulic circuit of the proposed autonomous water supply system.
  • the autonomous water supply system shown in the diagram includes a tank 1 for water reservation and a line 2 for water distribution from a tank 1 for water reservation.
  • the water distribution line 2 is equipped with a control unit 3, water intake 4 with a pump 5, water heating means made in the form of a heat exchanger 6 with a coil 6a, water distribution means 7, as well as a pressure sensor 8, an indicator 9 of the system, and an indicator 10 water heating, a photodetector 10a and a temperature sensor 1 1.
  • the pump 5 and the coil 6a are included in the water distribution line 2 between the water storage tank 1 and the water distribution means 7.
  • a pressure sensor 8, a system operation indicator 9, a water heating indicator 10, a photodetector 10a and a sensor are respectively connected to the input of the control unit 3 1 1 temperature, and the output of the control unit 3 is connected to the pump 5.
  • Position 13 indicates a stationary water supply line, to which this autonomous water supply system can alternatively be connected.
  • Arrows 14 arbitrarily indicate the electronic or electrical connection of the control unit 3 with the nodes of the autonomous water supply system mentioned above for automatic control of water consumption processes.
  • an incandescent light bulb 12 located inside the heat exchanger 6 with a coil 6a is used as a heating element for water heating in the proposed autonomous water supply system, and water-saving nozzles are used in the water dispensing devices 7 (faucet, shower head), installed at the outlet of the discharge pipe of each water dispenser.
  • a searchlight (halogen) electric lamp is used as an incandescent lamp, and nozzles are used as water-saving nozzles, ensuring water flow in the range of 0.3 - 1 liter per minute.
  • nozzles according to the Russian patents RU 2476273 ⁇ 2, ⁇ 03 ⁇ 1/04, 2013, or RU 82724 Ul, ⁇ 03 ⁇ 1/04, 2009 can be used as such nozzles.
  • any natural or artificial body of water can be used as a capacity 1 of water reservation in this system.
  • this autonomous water supply system is as follows. To wash hands, the user brings them to the faucet 7. From the influence of light reflected from the hands on the photodetector 10a, the pump 5 is activated, directing the flow of water into the highway 2 through the pressure sensor 8. An electric pulse from the pressure sensor 8 through the control unit 3 is fed to indicator 9 of the system, as a result of which the glow lamp 12 is turned on. Cold water passing through the coil 6A of the heat exchanger 6 is heated. The temperature sensor 1 1 controls the heating and turns off the light bulb 12 when the desired water temperature is reached, and as it cools down, it periodically turns on the electrode - PU again.
  • Heating of running water in this autonomous water supply system is carried out by a powerful searchlight (halogen) light bulb 12 located inside the heat exchanger. Due to the reduced water flow provided by the water-saving nozzle of the tap or shower head, heating of the water in the coil 6a occurs rather quickly - within 5-6 seconds.
  • searchlight halogen
  • the proposed autonomous water supply system meets the sanitary and hygienic needs of a person with hot or cold water with a minimum water consumption (from 0.3 to 1 liter per minute) and a minimum power consumption (up to 1 kW).
  • This autonomous water supply system is applicable both in suburban (country) houses where there is no centralized water supply, and in urban apartments, where it will dramatically reduce the consumption of hot and cold water and thereby give a huge economic effect throughout the country.

Abstract

The invention relates to water supply systems having decentralized water heating, and can be used in autonomous water supply systems in domestic environments and in field conditions. An autonomous water supply system contains a water reserve container (1) and a water distribution line (2) for distributing water from the water reserve container. The water distribution line is provided with a control unit (3), a water intake means (4) with a pump (5), a water heating means in the form of a heat exchanger (6), a plurality of water distribution means (7), a pressure sensor (8), a system operation indicator (9), a photoreceiver (10a) and a temperature sensor (11). A pump (5) is connected to the water distribution line between the water reserve container (1) and the plurality of water distribution means (7), wherein, connected to the inlet of the control unit (3) are, correspondingly, pressure sensors, the system operation indicator, the photoreceiver (10a) and the temperature sensor (11), while the outlet of the control unit (3) is connected to a pump (5). Acting in the role of a heating element for heating water in the present water supply system is a projector (halogen) light bulb (12) located in the heat exchanger (6) with a coil (6a); the plurality of water distribution means make use of water-conservation nozzles which are installed at the outlet of a discharge fitting of each water distribution means (7).

Description

Автономная система водоснабжения  Autonomous water supply system
Изобретение относится к системам водоснабжения с децентрализованным подогревом воды и может быть использовано в автономных системах водоснаб- жения как в домашних, так и в полевых условиях.  The invention relates to water supply systems with decentralized heating of water and can be used in stand-alone water supply systems both at home and in the field.
Значение воды для человеческого организма чрезвычайно велико, дефицит её может привести к ухудшению, а также к расстройствам жизнедеятельности организма.  The value of water for the human body is extremely high, its deficiency can lead to deterioration, as well as to disorders of the body.
В ряде районов проживания человека, как постоянного, так и временного, например, вахтового, остро стоит вопрос постоянного водоснабжения.  In a number of areas where a person lives, both permanent and temporary, for example, on a rotational basis, the issue of constant water supply is an acute issue.
Источники воды, не имеющие достаточно больших резервных возможно- стей, не могут обеспечить жилища человека бесперебойной подачей воды. Вода поступает с перебоями. В ряде районов наблюдается дискретный режим водо- снабжения. Для обеспечения комфортных условий, соблюдения требований без- опасности и экологии при малом расходе воды и минимальном потреблении электроэнергии потребовалась разработка специального устройства для подачи воды проточно-накопительного типа.  Water sources that do not have sufficiently large reserve capacities cannot provide human homes with an uninterrupted supply of water. Water flows intermittently. In some areas there is a discrete regime of water supply. To ensure comfortable conditions, compliance with safety and environmental requirements with low water consumption and minimal energy consumption, the development of a special device for supplying flow-accumulating water was required.
Создание надёжных и эффективных систем водоснабжения на современ- ном уровне является актуальной задачей для отдельных районов и серьёзной проблемой для очень многих регионов обитания человека и для полевых усло- вий. Таким устройством является автономная система водоснабжения, которая обеспечивает горячей / холодной водой санитарно-гигиенические нужды чело- века при умывании, чистке зубов, бритье, принятии душа, мытье посуды, приго- товлении пищи и т. п., а также другие хозяйственно-бытовые и промышленные нужды при минимальном расходе воды (от 0,3 до 1 литра в минуту) и мини- мальном потреблении электроэнергии (до 1 кВт).  The creation of reliable and efficient water supply systems at the modern level is an urgent task for individual areas and a serious problem for many regions of human habitation and for field conditions. Such a device is an autonomous water supply system that provides hot / cold water for the sanitary and hygienic needs of a person when washing, brushing teeth, shaving, taking a shower, washing dishes, cooking, etc., as well as other household and industrial needs with a minimum water consumption (from 0.3 to 1 liter per minute) and a minimum power consumption (up to 1 kW).
Из патентных источников известна автономная система водоснабжения по патенту РФ 2081255, кл. Е03В 7/04, 1997 (прототип)', содержащая ёмкость ре- зервирования воды и магистраль раздачи воды из ёмкости резервирования воды, при этом магистраль раздачи воды снабжена блоком управления, водозаборным средством с насосом, средством подогрева воды, выполненным в виде теплооб- менника, водораздаточными средствами, а также датчиком давления, индикато- ром работы системы, фотоприёмниками и датчиком температуры, при этом насос включён в магистраль раздачи воды между ёмкостью резервирования во- ды и водораздаточными средствами, причём к входу блока управления подклю- чены соответственно датчик давления, индикатор работы системы, фотоприём- ники и датчик температуры, а выход блока управления соединён с насосом. Во всех производимых в настоящее время водонагревателях проточно- накопительного типа вода нагревается по мере её продвижения через передаю- щие тепло элементы, как правило, спиральные, в виде тэнов или им подобные нагреватели и поступает на водораздаточные приборы (кран, душ и т. п.) с рас- ходом 6-13 литров в минуту и более. При этом непосредственное соприкоснове- ние рабочего тела нагревателя с водой чревато отложением накипи на этих эле- ментах (если вода используется для санитарно-гигиенических нужд, добавлять в неё различные химические средства для защиты от накипи запрещается), что ведёт к сокращению срока службы спиралей, тэнов или им подобных нагревате- лей и выходу из строя всего водонагревателя. From patent sources known autonomous water supply system according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2081255, cl. ЕВВ 7/04, 1997 (prototype) ' , containing a water reserve tank and a water distribution line from a water reserve tank, while the water distribution line is equipped with a control unit, water intake means with a pump, water heating means made in the form of a heat exchanger , water dispensers, as well as a pressure sensor, an indicator of the system, photodetectors and a temperature sensor, while the pump is connected to the water distribution line between the redundancy tank water and water dispensing means, with a pressure sensor, a system operation indicator, photodetectors and a temperature sensor respectively connected to the control unit input, and the control unit output connected to the pump. In all flow-type storage water heaters currently being manufactured, water is heated as it moves through heat transferring elements, usually spiral ones, in the form of heating elements or the like, and is supplied to water distribution devices (faucet, shower, etc. ) with a flow rate of 6-13 liters per minute or more. In this case, direct contact of the heater’s working fluid with water is fraught with the deposition of scale on these elements (if water is used for sanitary purposes, it is forbidden to add various chemical means to protect it from scale), which leads to a reduction in the service life of spirals, heaters or similar heaters and the failure of the entire water heater.
В данной конструктивно-технической разработке автономная система во- до-снабжения отличается тем, что в качестве средства для нагрева воды (вместо используемых ныне в водонагревателях спирального, в виде тэнов или им по- добных элементов) выступает лампа накаливания с потребляемой мощностью до 1 кВт, которая в течение 5 - 10 секунд обеспечивает нагрев воды до 47° С и подачу её потребителю через водораздаточные приборы (кран, душ и т. п.) с расходом от 0,3 до 1 литра в минуту.  In this structural and technical development, an autonomous water supply system is characterized in that an incandescent lamp with a power consumption of up to 1 kW acts as a means for heating water (instead of the spiral ones currently used in water heaters or similar elements) which within 5 - 10 seconds provides heating of water to 47 ° C and its supply to the consumer through water dispensing devices (faucet, shower, etc.) with a flow rate of 0.3 to 1 liter per minute.
В целях обеспечения повышенной электробезопасности применяемые лампы накаливания (прожекторные, галогеновые и им подобные) расположены внутри теплообменника особой конструкции из навитой медной трубки для про- тока воды (для обеспечения гальванической развязки с питающей лампу сетью). Для поддержания тепла теплообменник с нагревательными элементами разме- щается в оболочке из фарфора или других низко теплопроводных материалов.  In order to ensure increased electrical safety, the incandescent lamps used (projection, halogen, and the like) are located inside a heat exchanger of a special design made of a wound copper tube for water flow (to ensure galvanic isolation from the power supply to the lamp). To maintain heat, a heat exchanger with heating elements is placed in a casing made of porcelain or other low heat-conducting materials.
Известные автономные системы водоснабжения, включая указанный про- тотип, спроектированы с учётом существующей в мировой практике нормы рас- хода воды через кран - 6 - 9 литров в минуту (см. «Проблемы космической био- логии», том XXIV: Чижов С. В., Синяк Ю. Е. Водообеспечение экипажей кос- мических кораблей, М.: Наука, 1973, с. 16, 17). Хотя это слишком большой расход воды, до сих пор практически никто из проектировщиков систем водо- снабжения не решал вопрос существенного уменьшения этого показателя за счёт повышения эффективности использования вытекающей из крана струи во- ды, около 90% которой не участвует в процессе мытья объекта, находящегося под струёй. The well-known autonomous water supply systems, including the specified prototype, are designed taking into account the current international practice of the rate of water consumption through the tap - 6 - 9 liters per minute (see “Problems of Space Biology”, Volume XXIV: Chizhov S. V ., Sinyak Yu. E. Water supply for spacecraft crews, Moscow: Nauka, 1973, p. 16, 17). Although this is too much water consumption, until now, practically none of the designers of water supply systems has solved the issue of a significant decrease in this indicator over by increasing the efficiency of using the water jet flowing from the tap, about 90% of which is not involved in the process of washing an object under the jet.
Другой особенностью данного прибора является также то, что его кон- струкция обеспечивает нагрев и раздачу горячей воды только при работе с водо- раздающими устройствами с расходом воды от 0,3 до 1 литра в минуту (напри- мер, с универсальной водораздающей насадкой по патенту РФ Ne 2476273).  Another feature of this device is that its design provides heating and distribution of hot water only when working with water-distributing devices with a water flow rate of 0.3 to 1 liter per minute (for example, with a universal water-dispensing nozzle according to the patent RF Ne 2476273).
Техническим результатом предлагаемой системы водоснабжения является уменьшение расхода воды через кран до 0,3 - 1 литра в минуту, т. е. в среднем в 15 раз.  The technical result of the proposed water supply system is to reduce the flow of water through the tap to 0.3 - 1 liter per minute, that is, an average of 15 times.
Указанный технический результат достигается тем, что в автономной си- стеме водоснабжения, включающей ёмкость резервирования воды и магистраль раздачи воды из ёмкости резервирования воды, при этом магистраль раздачи во- ды снабжена блоком управления, водозаборным средством с насосом, средством подогрева воды, водораздаточными средствами, а также датчиком давления, ин- дикатором работы системы, фотоприёмниками и датчиком температуры, насос включён в магистраль раздачи воды между ёмкостью резервирования воды и водораздаточными средствами, к которым подсоединены средства подогрева воды, при этом к входу блока управления подключены соответственно датчик давления, индикатор работы системы, фотоприёмник и датчик температуры, а выходы блока управления соединены с насосом, в качестве средства подогрева воды в системе водоснабжения применена лампа накаливания, расположенная внутри теплообменника, а в водораздаточных средствах применены водосбере- гающие насадки, установленные на выходе сливного патрубка каждого водораз- даточного средства.  The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in an autonomous water supply system including a water reserve tank and a water distribution line from a water reserve tank, the water distribution line is provided with a control unit, a water intake means with a pump, water heating means, water dispensing means, as well as a pressure sensor, system operation indicator, photodetectors and temperature sensor, the pump is connected to the water distribution line between the water reserve tank and water distribution means mi, to which water heating means are connected, while a pressure sensor, a system operation indicator, a photodetector and a temperature sensor are respectively connected to the input of the control unit, and the outputs of the control unit are connected to the pump, an incandescent lamp located as a means of heating water inside the heat exchanger, and in water-distributing means, water-saving nozzles installed at the outlet of the drain pipe of each water-distributing means are used.
Далее, в предлагаемой автономной системе водоснабжения в качестве лампы накаливания применена прожекторная (галогеновая) электролампа, а в качестве водосберегающих насадок применены насадки, обеспечивающие рас- ход воды в пределах 0,3 - 1 литр в минуту.  Further, in the proposed autonomous water supply system, a searchlight (halogen) electric lamp is used as an incandescent lamp, and nozzles are used as water-saving nozzles, providing a water flow rate in the range of 0.3 - 1 liter per minute.
Далее, в качестве ёмкости резервирования воды в данной системе может быть использован любой естественный или искусственный водоём.  Further, any natural or artificial body of water can be used as a capacity for water reservation in this system.
На прилагаемом чертеже показана электрогидравлическая схема предлага- емой автономной системы водоснабжения. Показанная на схеме автономная система водоснабжения включает ём- кость 1 резервирования воды и магистраль 2 раздачи воды из ёмкости 1 резер- вирования воды. При этом магистраль 2 раздачи воды снабжена блоком 3 управления, водозаборным средством 4 с насосом 5, средством подогрева воды, выполненным в виде теплообменника 6 со змеевиком 6а, водораздаточными средствами 7, а также датчиком 8 давления, индикатором 9 работы системы, ин- дикатором 10 нагрева воды, фотоприёмником 10а и датчиком 1 1 температуры. Насос 5 и змеевик 6а включены в магистраль 2 раздачи воды между ёмкостью 1 резервирования воды и водораздаточными средствами 7. К входу блока 3 управ- ления подключены соответственно датчик 8 давления, индикатор 9 работы си- стемы, индикатор 10 нагрева воды, фотоприёмник 10а и датчик 1 1 температуры, а выход блока 3 управления соединён с насосом 5. Позицией 13 обозначена стационарная магистраль подачи воды, к которой альтернативно может быть подключена данная автономная система водоснабжения. Стрелками 14 условно обозначена электронная или электрическая связь блока 3 управления с упомяну- тыми выше узлами автономной системы водоснабжения для автоматического управления процессами потребления воды. The attached drawing shows the electro-hydraulic circuit of the proposed autonomous water supply system. The autonomous water supply system shown in the diagram includes a tank 1 for water reservation and a line 2 for water distribution from a tank 1 for water reservation. At the same time, the water distribution line 2 is equipped with a control unit 3, water intake 4 with a pump 5, water heating means made in the form of a heat exchanger 6 with a coil 6a, water distribution means 7, as well as a pressure sensor 8, an indicator 9 of the system, and an indicator 10 water heating, a photodetector 10a and a temperature sensor 1 1. The pump 5 and the coil 6a are included in the water distribution line 2 between the water storage tank 1 and the water distribution means 7. A pressure sensor 8, a system operation indicator 9, a water heating indicator 10, a photodetector 10a and a sensor are respectively connected to the input of the control unit 3 1 1 temperature, and the output of the control unit 3 is connected to the pump 5. Position 13 indicates a stationary water supply line, to which this autonomous water supply system can alternatively be connected. Arrows 14 arbitrarily indicate the electronic or electrical connection of the control unit 3 with the nodes of the autonomous water supply system mentioned above for automatic control of water consumption processes.
В соответствии с целью изобретения, в качестве нагревательного элемента для подогрева воды в предлагаемой автономной системе водоснабжения приме- нена электролампа 12 накаливания, расположенная внутри теплообменника 6 со змеевиком 6а, а в водораздаточных средствах 7 (кране, душевой головке) при- менены водосберегающие насадки, установленные на выходе сливного патрубка каждого водораздаточного средства. Причём в предлагаемой автономной систе- ме водоснабжения в качестве лампы накаливания применена прожекторная (га- логеновая) электролампа, а в качестве водосберегающих насадок применены насадки, обеспечивающие расход воды в пределах 0,3 - 1 литр в минуту. Например, в качестве таких насадок могут быть применены насадки по россий- ским патентам RU 2476273 С2, Е03С 1/04, 2013, или RU 82724 Ul, Е03С 1/04, 2009.  In accordance with the purpose of the invention, an incandescent light bulb 12 located inside the heat exchanger 6 with a coil 6a is used as a heating element for water heating in the proposed autonomous water supply system, and water-saving nozzles are used in the water dispensing devices 7 (faucet, shower head), installed at the outlet of the discharge pipe of each water dispenser. Moreover, in the proposed autonomous water supply system, a searchlight (halogen) electric lamp is used as an incandescent lamp, and nozzles are used as water-saving nozzles, ensuring water flow in the range of 0.3 - 1 liter per minute. For example, nozzles according to the Russian patents RU 2476273 С2, Е03С 1/04, 2013, or RU 82724 Ul, Е03С 1/04, 2009 can be used as such nozzles.
Разумеется, в качестве ёмкости 1 резервирования воды в данной системе может быть использован любой естественный или искусственный водоём.  Of course, any natural or artificial body of water can be used as a capacity 1 of water reservation in this system.
Пользование данной автономной системой водоснабжения осуществляется следующим образом. Для мытья рук пользователь подносит их к крану 7. От воздействия света, отражённого от рук на фотоприёмник 10а, срабатывает насос 5, направляя поток воды в магистраль 2 через датчик давления 8. Электрический импульс от датчи- ка 8 давления через блок 3 управления поступает на индикатор 9 работы систе- мы, в результате чего включается электролампа 12 накаливания. Холодная вода, проходя по змеевику 6а теплообменника 6, нагревается. Датчик 1 1 температуры контролирует нагрев и выключает электролампу 12 по достижении требуемой температуры воды, а по мере остывания её периодически включает электрода - пу снова. The use of this autonomous water supply system is as follows. To wash hands, the user brings them to the faucet 7. From the influence of light reflected from the hands on the photodetector 10a, the pump 5 is activated, directing the flow of water into the highway 2 through the pressure sensor 8. An electric pulse from the pressure sensor 8 through the control unit 3 is fed to indicator 9 of the system, as a result of which the glow lamp 12 is turned on. Cold water passing through the coil 6A of the heat exchanger 6 is heated. The temperature sensor 1 1 controls the heating and turns off the light bulb 12 when the desired water temperature is reached, and as it cools down, it periodically turns on the electrode - PU again.
Нагрев проточной воды в данной автономной системы водоснабжения осуществляется мощной прожекторной (галогеновой) электролампой 12, распо- ложенной внутри теплообменника. Ввиду пониженного расхода воды, обеспе- чиваемого водосберегающей насадкой крана или душевой головки, нагрев воды в змеевике 6а происходит довольно быстро - в течение 5 - 6 секунд.  Heating of running water in this autonomous water supply system is carried out by a powerful searchlight (halogen) light bulb 12 located inside the heat exchanger. Due to the reduced water flow provided by the water-saving nozzle of the tap or shower head, heating of the water in the coil 6a occurs rather quickly - within 5-6 seconds.
Таким образом, предлагаемая автономная система водоснабжения удовле- творяет горячей или холодной водой санитарно-гигиенические нужды человека при минимальном расходе воды (от 0,3 до 1 литра в минуту) и минимальном потреблении электроэнергии (до 1 кВт). Данная автономная система водоснаб- жения применима как в загородных (дачных) домах, где нет централизованного водоснабжения, так и в условиях городских квартир, где она позволит резко снизить потребление горячей и холодной воды и тем самым в масштабах страны дать огромный экономический эффект.  Thus, the proposed autonomous water supply system meets the sanitary and hygienic needs of a person with hot or cold water with a minimum water consumption (from 0.3 to 1 liter per minute) and a minimum power consumption (up to 1 kW). This autonomous water supply system is applicable both in suburban (country) houses where there is no centralized water supply, and in urban apartments, where it will dramatically reduce the consumption of hot and cold water and thereby give a huge economic effect throughout the country.
Источники информации, принятые во внимание:  Sources of information taken into account:
SU 1564294 CI , Е03В 1 1/06, 1987;  SU 1564294 CI, E03B 1 1/06, 1987;
RU 2081255 C l , Е03В 7/04, 1997 (прототип);  RU 2081255 C l, EV03B 7/04, 1997 (prototype);
RU 2476273 С2, Е03С 1/04, 2013;  RU 2476273 C2, E03C 1/04, 2013;
RU 82724 Ul, Е03С 1/04, 2009.  RU 82724 Ul, Е03С 1/04, 2009.

Claims

Формула изобретения Claim
1. Автономная система водоснабжения, содержащая ёмкость резервиро- вания воды и магистраль раздачи воды из ёмкости резервирования воды, при этом магистраль раздачи воды снабжена блоком управления, водозаборным средством с насосом, средством подогрева воды, выполненным в виде теплооб- менника, водораздаточными средствами, а также датчиком давления, индикато- ром работы системы и датчиком температуры, при этом насос включён в маги- страль раздачи воды между ёмкостью резервирования воды и водораздаточными средствами, причём к входу блока управления подключены соответственно дат- чик давления, индикатор работы системы и датчик температуры, а выход блока управления соединён с насосом, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве нагрева- тельного элемента для подогрева воды применена электролампа накаливания, расположенная внутри теплообменника, а в водораздаточных средствах приме- нены водосберегающие насадки, установленные на выходе сливного патрубка каждого водораздаточного средства.  1. An autonomous water supply system containing a water storage tank and a water distribution line from a water storage tank, wherein the water distribution line is provided with a control unit, water intake means with a pump, water heating means made in the form of a heat exchanger, water dispensing means, and also a pressure sensor, an indicator of the system and a temperature sensor, while the pump is connected to the water distribution line between the water reserve tank and the water dispensing means, moreover, to the inlet of the unit respectively, a pressure sensor, a system operation indicator and a temperature sensor are connected, and the control unit output is connected to a pump, characterized in that an incandescent lamp located inside the heat exchanger is used as a heating element for water heating, and in water-dispensing devices, Water-saving nozzles installed at the outlet of the drain pipe of each water dispenser are not available.
2. Автономная система водоснабжения по п. 1 , отличающаяся тем, что в качестве лампы накаливания в ней применена прожекторная (галогеновая) элек- тролампа, а в качестве водосберегающих насадок применены насадки, обеспе- чивающие расход воды в пределах 0,3 - 1 литр в минуту.  2. The autonomous water supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that a searchlight (halogen) electric lamp is used as an incandescent lamp, and nozzles are used as water-saving nozzles, ensuring water consumption in the range of 0.3 - 1 liter per minute.
3. Автономная система водоснабжения по п. 1 или 2, отличающаяся тем, что в качестве ёмкости резервирования воды в ней может быть использован лю- бой естественный или искусственный водоём.  3. The autonomous water supply system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that any natural or artificial body of water can be used as the capacity for reserve water in it.
4. Автономная система водоснабжения по п. 1 или 2, отличающаяся тем, что она снабжена средствами для соединения со стационарной магистралью по- дачи воды.  4. An autonomous water supply system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is equipped with means for connecting to a stationary water supply line.
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