WO2016133203A1

WO2016133203A1 - Ventricular assistance device

Info

Publication number: WO2016133203A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/054877
Authority: WO
Inventors: 義弘福本
Original assignee: 学校法人久留米大学
Priority date: 2015-02-19
Filing date: 2016-02-19
Publication date: 2016-08-25
Also published as: JPWO2016133203A1; JP6773953B2

Abstract

The present invention is a ventricular assistance device provided with an internal implant-type pumping system, the device using a simple configuration in which one magnetic member (33a) is secured to a piston (32a) and the piston (32a) is made to travel in reciprocating motion by means of repulsive force and attractive force arising between a pair of magnetic members (33a, 35a). The foregoing configuration makes it possible, compared to conventional small electric motors, to inflate or deflate a balloon (20a) in a highly responsive and reliable manner without producing a time lag between a piston pump (30a) and the balloon (20a).

Description

Auxiliary heart device

The present invention relates to an auxiliary heart device that assists in the movement of the heart.

A technique for assisting ventricular function by compressing and relaxing the external wall surface of the heart has been known. In particular, a balloon is installed on the external wall surface of the heart, an operation of compressing the ventricle by inflating the balloon by introducing a fluid into the balloon, and an operation of relaxing the ventricle by discharging the fluid from the balloon and contracting the balloon There is known an auxiliary heart device for performing (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Further, regarding a pumping system that is provided in an auxiliary heart device and introduces and discharges fluid to and from a balloon, a piston type pump system using a small electric motor is disclosed as being capable of being installed in the body (for example, , See Patent Document 2).

JP 2001-521790 Gazette JP 63-294865 A

However, in the case of a conventional pumping system for an auxiliary heart device, an electric motor is used as a drive source. On the other hand, in order to assist the expansion and contraction of the ventricle by assisting the blood flow of the heart, especially by expanding and contracting an inflatable container such as a balloon from the outside of the ventricle, very delicate temporal and periodic control is required. . In a pumping system using an electrically driven motor, when the motor is driven by turning on and off the current, there is a possibility that a slight time imperfection remains and a time lag occurs. Furthermore, a time lag also occurs in the steady drive of the motor itself, and at the time of driving, the driving force may be reduced by resistance such as friction, and it may cause a time lag in driving.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary heart device including an in-body pumping system without causing a time lag between the pumping system and the balloon. It is to provide immediacy and to inflate and deflate the balloon with high response and reliability.

As means for achieving a pumping system that does not cause a time lag in the present invention, attention is paid to magnetic attraction and repulsion, and attention is paid to using attraction and repulsion of a pair of magnets (consisting of two magnets). . Specifically, as a basic configuration, at least one of the pair of magnets is an electromagnetic coil (electromagnet), and the electromagnet is turned on or off by current reversal or the like. The opposing magnets (electromagnets or permanent magnets) may be affected by the interaction between the magnets such as the disappearance of the magnetic poles and the change of the magnetic poles (change from the S pole to the N pole or from the N pole to the S pole). This is a pumping system that uses a repulsive force (repulsive force) or a suction force (attractive force) generated from the interaction with the power source. The electromagnetic coil (electromagnet) instantaneously disappears or changes in polarity due to ON / OFF of the current or reverse (reversal) of the direction of the current flowing through the electromagnet. Therefore, the pumping system of the present invention instantaneously It is possible to achieve a conversion of the working force. Here, ON / OFF of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil (electromagnet) and the reversal of the direction of the current are performed based on the sensed signal by sensing a signal from the heart (electrocardiogram, heartbeat, etc.).

In the present invention, a repulsive force and an attractive force generated by a pair of magnets are used as a power source, and the force is applied to a piston installed in a cylinder provided in the device of the present invention as required by a coil spring (elastic member) (hereinafter simply referred to as a spring (Also referred to as a spring)) and is used together with the restoring force, and the piston sucks and discharges the fluid in the cylinder of the apparatus of the present invention. The discharged fluid covers the outer wall of the heart and is introduced into a balloon chamber in a balloon (cardiac container) installed so as to be in contact therewith. Conversely, the fluid in the balloon chamber is discharged by sucking the fluid into the cylinder by the movement of the piston.

Here, in order to describe the device of the present invention in more detail, specific devices will be exemplified below. However, the present invention is not limited only to these exemplified devices, and as described above, by magnetic force. A device that compresses and relaxes the outer wall of the heart, centering around the ventricle, by introducing and discharging fluid such as the heart balloon by converting the repulsive-suction force into piston motion and moving the fluid. For example, any device can be used as the device of the present invention, including a balloon-type container shape, a compression position and part, a cylinder or a piston shape, etc., which will be described later.

As a specific example of the auxiliary heart device of the present invention, as shown in the drawing, for a balloon-type heart that is in contact with the outer wall of the heart (particularly the ventricular portion) and that is entirely or at least partially made of a flexible material A container (20a to 20f) and a piston pump which is disposed in the body and expands and relaxes (returns to the normal shape of the container) by introducing and discharging fluid to and from the heart container (20a to 20f) (30a to 30c), and the piston pump (30a to 30f) is accommodated in a cylinder (31a to 31f) connected to the heart container (20a to 20f) and the cylinder (31a to 31f). And a pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) including at least one electromagnet (35a to 35f) made of an electromagnetic induction coil, and the pistons (32a to 32f) Is fixed to only one of the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f). Are connected to each other, and current control such as turning on and off the current flowing in the coils of the electromagnets (35a to 35f) and reversing (reversing) the current flow direction at regular intervals is performed. By controlling the magnetic interaction (attraction and repulsion between magnets) generated between a pair of magnet members (33a-33f, 35a-35f), and if necessary, the restoring force of the coil spring (36a-36f) In combination, by reciprocating the pistons (32a to 32f) in the cylinders (31a to 31f), the outer wall of the heart is compressed (pressed) at the contact surface with the heart in the heart container (20a to 20f). And relax (release the pressure).

In the auxiliary heart device of the present invention, flexible balloon-type aortic containers (25e, 25f) (hereinafter also referred to as aortic balloons) in contact with the outer peripheral wall surface of the aorta adjacent to the heart (particularly the descending aorta). The piston pump (30e, 30f) is connected to the one end of the cylinder (31e, 31f) with the heart container (20e, 20f) and the other end of the cylinder (31e, 31f) with respect to the aorta A container (25e, 25f) is connected to change the magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f), and the piston (32e, 32f) is moved to the cylinder (31e, 31f). It is preferable that the contact surface with the heart in the heart container (20e, 20f) is expanded and contracted and the contact surface with the aorta in the aorta container (25e, 25f) is expanded and contracted by reciprocating the inner wall.

The auxiliary heart device according to the present invention further includes a flexible balloon-type container for aorta (25e, 25f) in contact with the outer peripheral wall surface of the aorta, and the cylinder (31e, 31f) includes two cylinder chambers (45e˜ 45f, 46e-46f), the piston (32e, 32f) is accommodated in each cylinder chamber (45e-45f, 46e-46f), and the piston pump (30e, 30f) is a container for the heart (20e, 20f) (hereinafter also referred to as a heart balloon) is connected to one cylinder chamber (45e to 45f), and the aortic vessel (25e, 25f) is connected to the other cylinder chamber (46e to 46f) The magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) is controlled as described above, and the piston (32e, 32f) is reciprocated in the cylinder (31e, 31f). By exercising, it is preferable to compress and relax the contact surface of the heart container (20e, 20f) with the heart. Arbitrariness. Even in this case, the driving force of the piston is obtained by the interaction between the magnets or, if necessary, by the interaction between the magnets and the restoring force of the coil spring, as in the above-described device. When the artery and heart are compressed and relaxed in parallel as described above, a magnetic power mechanism is constituted by at least one electromagnet and an electromagnet or a permanent magnet fixed or coupled to each piston.

Further, unlike the above, the auxiliary heart device of the present invention includes one having only the aortic balloon without the heart balloon. That is, for example, the aorta container (25g, 25h) which can be expanded and contracted in contact with the outer wall of the aorta, and the aorta container (25g, 25h) disposed in the body and introduced into and sucked into the aorta container (25g, 25h) A cylinder (31g, 31h) having a piston pump (30g, 30h) and a piston pump (30g, 30h) connected to the aortic vessel (25g, 25h) A piston (32g, 32h) housed in the cylinder (31g, 31h) and a pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h) including at least one electromagnet (35g, 35h) in at least one of them The piston (32g, 32h) is connected or fixed to only one of the pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h), and the current of the electromagnet (35g, 35h) is controlled. By changing the magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h), the pair of magnet members By reciprocating the piston (32g, 32h) in the cylinder (31g, 31h) using repulsive force and / or attractive force generated between members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h) as a drive source, The contact surface of the container (25g, 25h) with the aorta is expanded or contracted. In this case as well, the driving force of the piston as in the case of the device described above is based on the interaction between the magnets as described later, or, if necessary, the restoring force of the coil spring in addition to the interaction between the magnets. Can also be obtained.

In the present invention, a balloon-type container (hereinafter, also referred to as a balloon) having a flexible material is a fluid (such as liquid or gas) introduced into the container (usually press-fitting. In the present invention, press-fitting with a piston is used. Or a container made of a material that can be deformed when tension is applied from the container, and can return to its original shape when released from the tension. Examples of the flexible material used for such a container include silicone rubber, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and urethane elastomer. Further, the entire container need not be made of a flexible material, and may be a balloon partially using the material. As a balloon made of a partially flexible material, for example, a portion that contacts the heart wall is made of a flexible material, and the other portion is a container made of a hard non-flexible material, or a contact surface with the heart. And a container in which a flexible material is partially (for example, slit-shaped or spot-shaped).

Further, in the auxiliary heart device of the present invention, the pair of magnet members ((33a, 33b, 33d, 33e, 33g), (35a, 35b, 35d, 35e, 35g)) is one of the magnet members (35a, 35b). 35d, 35e, 35g) is fixed to the end of the cylinder (31a, 31b, 31d, 31e, 31g), and the other magnet member (33a, 33b, 33d, 33e, 33g) is fixed to the piston (32a, 32b). , 32d, 32e, 32g) is preferably movably accommodated inside the cylinder (31a, 31b, 31d, 31e, 31g) in a state of being fixed or coupled to the cylinder. Thereby, the repulsive force and / or attractive force that the magnet receives due to the interaction with the other magnet can be directly transmitted to the piston.

The pair of magnet members ((33c, 33f, 33h), (35c, 35f, 35h)) is composed of one magnet member (35c, 35f, 35h) and the pair of magnet members ((33c, 33f, 33h), (35c, 35f, 35h)) is configured to perform rotational movement by repulsive force and attractive force generated between the one magnet member (35c, 35f, 35h) and the piston (32c, 32f, 32h). Is provided with a link mechanism (37c, 37f, 37h) for converting the rotational movement of the one magnet member (35c, 35f, 35h) into the reciprocating movement of the piston (32c, 32f, 32h). Is preferred. At this time, it is necessary that at least one of the pair of magnet members is an electromagnet. In particular, a combination of an electromagnet and a permanent magnet is a preferred configuration. However, even if both are electromagnets, the device of the present invention can be driven. Attraction and repulsion between magnets by derivation and disappearance of magnetism due to current ON-OFF to electromagnet, or polarity (NS) change by alternately reversing the direction of current flowing to electromagnet Can be controlled. In particular, instantaneous attractive or repulsive forces can be generated by polarity conversion.

In the auxiliary heart device of the present invention, it is preferable that an elastic member (36a to 36h) is provided between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33h, 35a to 35h). More preferably, the elastic member has a restoring force that is deformed by an external force and returns to its original shape when the external force is removed. By interposing such an elastic member, it is also recommended to use or assist the restoring force of the spring as the driving force of the piston with respect to either the repulsive force or the attractive force generated by the pair of magnet members, or both. . As a result, it is possible to control suddenly large repulsive force and / or attractive force generated between a pair of magnet members by relaxation or the like. Can be applied.

Further, when the restoring force of the spring member is used together with the interaction between the magnets as the driving force of the piston, it is preferable that the restoring force substantially antagonizes the force (energy) obtained from the interaction between the magnets. .

According to the present invention, one of the magnet members is fixed or connected to the piston, and the interaction (repulsive force and / or attractive force) between the magnets is transmitted to the piston, so that the restoring force of the elastic member can be reduced as necessary. By adopting a simple configuration of reciprocating the piston, the balloon can be inflated with high response and reliability without causing a time lag between the piston pump and the balloon, compared to a conventional small electric motor. Can be shrunk. In addition, as described above, since it is a simple mechanism that utilizes the change of the magnetic pole state of a pair of magnet members, it is more compact than conventional small electric motors and is ideal for installing a piston pump in the body. It is.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view when an auxiliary heart device according to an embodiment of the present invention assists in contracting the heart. FIG. 2 is a schematic view when an auxiliary heart device according to an embodiment of the present invention assists in the expansion of the heart. FIG. 3 is an operation diagram of the heart balloon, where (a) shows a deflated state and (b) shows an inflated state. FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the heart balloon. FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an auxiliary heart device that assists in contracting the heart by an interaction (repulsive force) of a magnet due to reversal of current in one embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the auxiliary heart device assisting the expansion of the heart when the direction of the current is reversed from the current direction of FIG. 5 and an attractive force is generated as an interaction between magnets in one embodiment. It is. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram when the auxiliary heart device according to the first modification of the embodiment assists in the contraction of the heart. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram when the auxiliary heart device according to the first modification of the embodiment assists the expansion of the heart. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary heart device according to Modification 2 of the embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram when the auxiliary heart device according to the third modification of the embodiment assists the contraction of the heart. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram when the auxiliary heart device according to the third modification of the embodiment assists the expansion of the heart. FIG. 12 is an operation diagram of the balloon for the aorta, where (a) shows a deflated state and (b) shows an inflated state. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary heart device according to Modification 4 of the embodiment. FIG. 14 is an embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic view when an auxiliary heart device that does not include a heart balloon and instead includes only an aortic balloon assists the heart contraction. FIG. 15 is a schematic view when the auxiliary heart device according to the embodiment of FIG. 14 assists in the expansion of the heart. FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing an embodiment different from FIGS. 14 and 15 of an auxiliary heart device that does not include a heart balloon but instead includes only an aortic balloon. FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the vicinity of a control unit and sensors of an auxiliary heart device according to another embodiment.

Hereinafter, an auxiliary heart device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that one embodiment described below is an exemplification, and the present invention is not limited to one embodiment.

The auxiliary cardiac device (10a) of one embodiment does not require insertion into the heart or nearby arteries, but by applying stress to the outer wall of the heart to synchronize with the expansion and contraction of the heart, It helps to shrink. Since this auxiliary heart device (10a) is non-invasive to the inside of the heart or the inside of the artery and is not in contact with blood, it does not generate a thrombus due to blood coagulation when assisting the movement of the heart. is there.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the auxiliary heart device (10a) includes a balloon for heart (20a), a piston pump (30a), and a controller (40a) as a balloon-type heart container made of a flexible material. And. The piston pump (30a) expands and contracts the heart balloon (20a). The piston pump (30a) includes a cylinder (31a), a piston (32a), and a pair of magnet members (33a, 35a). The piston pump (30a) is disposed in the body.

The heart balloon (20a) as an example of the auxiliary heart device (10a) is an expandable / contractable bag-like body having a recess (21a) in which the heart is accommodated. Here, the recess (21a) is configured to cover the outer wall on the ventricle side of the heart and expose a part of the outer wall on the atrial side of the heart. The inner surface of the recess (21a) is formed of a flexible film (22a) and contacts the heart, and the outer surface of the recess (21a) is formed of a hard film (23a). The flexible film (22a) is more elastically deformed than the hard film (23a). The flexible membrane (22a) of the heart balloon (20a) is formed of silicone rubber. Here, the flexible membrane (22a) is not limited to silicone rubber. For example, a fluid such as a synthetic rubber such as SBR or natural rubber can be sealed, the material is deformed by an external force, and the external force is removed. In any case, any material can be used as long as it can return to its original shape.

A through hole is formed in the hard membrane (23a) of the heart balloon (20a), and the cylindrical cylinder (31a) of the auxiliary heart device (10a) is connected to the through hole. The internal space of the heart balloon (20a) and the internal space of the cylinder (31a) communicate with each other, and the fluid (24a) is sealed in these internal spaces.

The piston (32a) of the auxiliary heart device (10a) is accommodated in the cylinder (31a). By reciprocating the piston (32a) linearly along the axial direction of the cylinder (31a), the fluid (24a) is reciprocated between the cylinder (31a) and the heart balloon (20a). The heart balloon (20a) is inflated and contracted.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the piston (32a) advances toward the heart balloon (20a), the fluid (24a) in the cylinder (31a) flows into the heart balloon (20a), and the heart balloon The inner volume of (20a) is increased, and the heart balloon (20a) is inflated and the force generated from the fluid pressure described above causes the heart to be pressed around the ventricle by the inner wall of the balloon, thereby contracting the heart (particularly the ventricle). To assist.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, when the piston (32a) and the magnet (33a) approach the opposing magnet (35a), the fluid (24a) in the heart balloon (20a) is discharged from the balloon, and the cylinder Flowing to (31a), the volume of the balloon for heart (20a) that has been inflated decreases. As a result, the force with which the heart balloon (20a) presses the heart is reduced, and the transition to the state when the heart (ventricle) is expanded is performed smoothly.

The operation of the heart balloon (20a) will be described in more detail. FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram showing the operation of the heart balloon (20a). 3A shows a state in which the heart balloon (20a) is deflated, and FIG. 3 (b) shows a state in which the heart balloon (20a) is inflated. As described above, the heart balloon (20a) is inflated by the reciprocating motion of the piston (32a), returns to its original shape without receiving external force, or by suction force accompanying suction and discharge of fluid from the balloon. It is wilt. Therefore, the mechanical action on the heart, centered on the ventricle, occurs as the volume of the balloon container changes as fluid is introduced into and discharged from the balloon. In addition, regarding the form of change from the normal state of the balloon (the part made of the flexible material is free of tension due to external force), the form of the expansion of the flexible film part and the normal state of the balloon , (1) Form that is in a normal state when liquid is supplied into the balloon container, and expands when liquid is discharged from the balloon container (hereinafter also referred to as form (1)), (2) When discharged from the balloon container Is in a normal state and expands when fluid is introduced into the balloon container (hereinafter also referred to as "form (2)"), and (3) when fluid is maximum introduced into the balloon container (Fig. 1) and maximum discharge. The time point (intermediate point, etc.) between the times (FIG. 2) may be in any form that is in a normal state (hereinafter also referred to as form (3)).

In the illustrated balloon for heart (20a), the hard membrane (23a) is located on the outer surface (70) side, and the flexible membrane (22a) is located on the inner surface (71) side. The inner surface (71) of the heart balloon (20a) is fixed to the heart (100) via a surgical adhesive tape. The surgical adhesive tape is an example, and a surgical adhesive or a combination of a surgical adhesive tape and a surgical adhesive may be used. Further, a protective film may be provided between the heart (100) and the heart balloon (20a) to protect the heart (100). Furthermore, any known method for immobilizing a heart balloon that is effective in the present invention can be employed.

As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the normal state of the heart balloon (20a) and the shape change (expansion and contraction) due to the introduction or discharge of the fluid of the flexible membrane portion are the above-mentioned types (1 ), When the piston (32a) is pulled and the volume of the heart balloon (20a) is reduced due to release from expansion, etc., the outer surface (70) and the inner surface (71) of the heart balloon (20a) face each other. The distance (d) is narrowed, the inner surface (71) is extended, and the film is in tension. On the other hand, when the heart balloon (20a) is inflated by pushing the piston (32a), as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the above-mentioned facing distance (d) is increased and the inner surface (71) is restored to its restoring force. It will be in the state which returned from the state extended by.

Thus, in the above-described type (1), when the heart balloon (20a) is inflated, the restoring force of the inner surface (71) is added, so that the heart balloon (20a) can be inflated quickly. Thereby, compression of the heart (100) can be performed in a short time.

Further, as in the above form (2), when the heart balloon (20a) is inflated, the inner surface (71) is tensioned and the inner surface (71) is contracted (see FIG. 3B). reference). In this case, the heart balloon (20a) can be quickly deflated, and the compression of the heart (100) can be released in a short time.

The entire inner surface (71) of the heart balloon (20a) need not be formed of a flexible membrane (22a). For example, as shown in FIG. A large number of holes (55) are formed in the hard film (23a), and a flexible film (22a) is disposed so as to cover the holes (55), and the flexible film (22a ) May be expanded or contracted by the reciprocating motion of the piston (32a).

The pair of magnet members (33a, 35a) of the auxiliary heart device (10a) are an electromagnet (35a) and a permanent magnet (33a). In the pair of magnet members (33a, 35a), the combination of the electromagnet (35a) and the permanent magnet (33a) is an example, and two electromagnets (35a) may be used as a pair of magnet members. Furthermore, the magnet member (33a) in the cylinder (31a) is a permanent magnet, and the magnet member (35a) outside the cylinder (31a) is an electromagnet. The magnet member (33a) in the cylinder (31a) is an electromagnet. The magnet member (35a) outside the cylinder (31a) may be used as a permanent magnet. In this case, the wiring from the power circuit built in the control unit (40a) is connected to the magnet member ( Connected to 33a). In addition, when both are electromagnets, either one of the electromagnets is always energized in the same direction to maintain the function as a magnet at all times, or the energization of the other electromagnet is turned off. At that time, the energization of the one electromagnet may be stopped at the same time, and the magnetism may be lost.

The electromagnet (35a) includes an iron core, a coil wound around the iron core, and a film such as Teflon (registered trademark) covering the iron core and the coil. The iron core described above is an example, and the core may be any magnetic material other than iron, and may be nickel, for example. The above-mentioned Teflon (registered trademark) is merely an example, and may be an insulating polymer material other than Teflon (registered trademark), for example, a polyethylene-based, polypropylene-based, acrylic-based resin or silicone resin. Also good. The electromagnet (35a) made of this electromagnetic induction coil can reverse the magnetic poles by reversing the direction of the current flowing through the coil.

Here, the interaction between the pair of magnets in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the transmission of force to the piston will be described in more detail.

1 and 2, the magnet (33a) fixed or connected to the piston is a permanent magnet, and the magnet (35a) installed outside the cylinder is an electromagnet. At this time, by turning on the circuit current and energizing the electromagnet (35a) in the control unit, the adjacent magnetic poles of the pair of magnets are different as shown in FIG. In this case, when energized, the electromagnet (35a) becomes N pole, and the permanent magnet maintains S pole), and the permanent magnet (33a) is attracted to the electromagnet. 32a) moves in the direction of the electromagnet, and as a result, the fluid in the balloon container moves into the cylinder, so that the pressed state of the heart (particularly the ventricle) by the balloon container is released, and blood flows into the ventricle of the heart. Assist. Therefore, it is preferable to synchronize the diastole of the heart (ventricle) and the attractive force that is the interaction between the magnets.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the mechanical action between the magnets, the piston movement, and the action on the heart due to the change in the volume of the balloon, the electromagnet (35a) is energized (powered on). ) Is magnetized, an attractive force is generated between the pair of magnets (33a), and the magnet (33a) is attracted to the end of the cylinder on the electromagnet side. Along with this, the piston connected to the magnet (33a) is also attracted to the end side, so that the fluid flows from the balloon container into the cylinder, and as a result, the amount of fluid in the balloon and the balloon volume are minimized. Become. At this time, the spring (36a) contracts in response to the attractive force between the magnets from the normal state (the state where no mechanical force is applied) shown in FIG. Further, by stopping energization of the electromagnet (35a) (power OFF), the attractive force between the magnets is released due to the disappearance of the magnetism. At this time, the spring (36a) has a restoring force to return from the contracted state to the original state (the normal state and the state shown in FIG. 1). It becomes. As a result, the piston moves from the position shown in FIG. 2 to the position shown in FIG. As a result, the fluid in the cylinder is introduced into the balloon, and the heart is pressed by the expansion of the balloon volume. At this time, if the action mode of the balloon is the above-described change in shape of the flexible film of the balloon (1), this action is assisted.

Also, the action of the electromagnet (35a) is not due to such an ON / OFF operation of current, but a series of actions can be performed by controlling the direction of current flow to the electromagnet (reversing the current direction). An apparatus for controlling the direction of such current is illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. In this case, first, the electromagnet (35b) is installed so that an attractive force is generated between the magnets by changing the opposing magnetic poles in the pair of magnets to different magnetic poles (N and S) in FIG. Thereafter, the direction of the current is reversed in the controller (42b). As a result, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet (35b) reverse, the opposing magnetic poles become the same by controlling the current between the magnet (33b) and the electromagnet (35b), and repulsive force is generated, and the state shifts to the state of FIG. Therefore, it is also recommended to use an auxiliary heart device based on a method in which attractive force and repulsive force are used together as an interaction between magnets. When using the interaction of both the attractive force and the repulsive force between the magnets, the state of FIG. 5 is the normal state of the spring or the state of FIG. Any of the springs in the normal state can be used. The spring state in FIG. 5 is the normal state, and the spring is compressed by the attractive force between the magnets generated by reversing the current of the electromagnet (FIG. 6), or the spring state in FIG. It is possible to use any type of spring in which the spring is in a developed state (FIG. 5) due to the repulsive force. Even a device that does not use a spring can be the auxiliary heart device of the present invention.

Also, when the apparatus of the present invention is operated by the interaction between the magnets due to the generation and disappearance of the magnetic poles of the electromagnet by the ON / OFF operation of the current of the electromagnet, the repulsive force between the magnets can be used. When using the repulsive force between the magnets, the state of FIG. 1 is the energization state (ON) to the electromagnet, and the state of FIG. 2 is the energization OFF state. Thereby, in FIG. 1, it will be in the state which a repulsive force generate | occur | produces as interaction between magnets. In this way, an electromagnet and a permanent magnet (always-on electromagnets may be used so that the magnetic poles on the electromagnet side are completely opposite to those in FIGS. 1 and 2 when energized. The magnetic poles are the same as those in FIGS. 1 and 2. .). At this time, the repulsive force between the magnets is transmitted to the piston, and the fluid is introduced into the balloon chamber in the state shown in FIG. Furthermore, since the interaction between the magnets disappears when the current is turned off, the piston and the spring are brought into the state shown in FIG. 2 and the fluid is sucked into the cylinder by the restoring force of the spring. Therefore, for a piston motion that uses both the repulsive force between magnets and the restoring force of the spring in the ON / OFF operation of the current to the electromagnet, the spring to be used is changed from the normal spring state to the repulsive force of the magnet. It is necessary to select and arrange a spring that expands and loses repulsive force, and returns to a normal state by the restoring force of the spring.

As described above, when using the interaction of magnets, it is necessary to use the restoring force of a spring or the like when using only attractive force or only repulsive force. Also, when using both attractive force and repulsive force as a spring interaction, a restoring force such as a spring is not necessarily required, but a smooth piston motion, a buffering role, etc. are expected. Therefore, it is recommended to use a spring or the like.

As described above, as the method of using both the attractive force and the repulsive force as the interaction between the magnets, the method by reversing the direction of the current flowing through the electromagnet (35b) is exemplified, but other methods using both the attractive force and the repulsive force are exemplified. As a means, even if the electromagnet (35b) is an electromagnet composed of two electromagnets (35b1 and 35b2) having different current circuits, it can be used in the present invention.

As described above, this method is based on a method in which the electromagnet (35b) is composed of two electromagnets, the electromagnet 1 and the electromagnet 2, and the energization of the electromagnet is switched in the control unit. Specifically, when the electromagnet 1 is energized, the electromagnet 2 is not energized. At this time, the interaction between the electromagnet 1 and the permanent magnet (33b) is set to be attractive, and then When the electromagnet 1 is turned off and the electromagnet 2 is energized, the interaction between the electromagnet 2 and the permanent magnet (33b) is set to be repulsive. In this way, by alternately switching the energization of the two electromagnets at regular intervals, both the attractive force and the repulsive force can be used as in the case of reversing the current direction. Can be used for heart devices. In this magnet interaction system, it is not always necessary to install a spring, as in the case of piston drive by attractive force and repulsive force by reversing the current flowing through the electromagnet at regular intervals. There is no problem.

The control unit (40a) of the auxiliary heart device (10a) includes a sensor (41a) and a controller (42a). The sensor (41a) generally converts the heartbeat into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller (42a), similar to sensing by an electrocardiograph or the like, and moves the heartbeat, heartbeat, etc. Any method may be used as long as it senses and transmits this as an electrical signal to the controller (42a). As for the installation position / part of the sensor (41a), any position / part can be used as long as it senses the movement of the heart and can effectively drive the auxiliary heart device (10a) from the state of the movement. Although it can be installed, it is basically preferable to install it directly on the outer wall of the heart by contact or the like because it is expected to facilitate more reliable sensing. For example, it is installed on the outer wall such as the left atrium side of the heart. The controller (42a) is installed outside the body. The sensor (41a) and the controller (42a) are connected by a signal line. The controller (42a) can be installed at any position inside or outside the body, and is not particularly limited. It is recommended to leave it in the body from the viewpoints of lowering the invasiveness and uncomfortable feeling.

The sensor (41a) is exemplified by using a sensing system similar to a general electrocardiograph. Note that a general electrocardiograph is an example, and a sensing system similar to that other than the electrocardiograph can be used as long as it can detect the state of the heart such as the heartbeat.

The controller (42a) has a function of controlling the interaction of the electromagnets based on the signal from the power source and sensor for operating the auxiliary heart device. Since the power source operates an electromagnet formed of an electromagnetic coil, it is a direct current power source and is generally constituted by a battery.

In addition, as described above, one of the following functions is employed as the function of controlling the electromagnet.
(1) The case where both attractive force and repulsive force are used as the interaction between a pair of magnets by ON / OFF control of energization to the electromagnet.
(2) A case where both attractive force and repulsive force are used as an interaction between a pair of magnets by controlling the current direction of energization to the electromagnet (reversing the current direction).
(3) The case where both attractive force and repulsive force are used as the interaction between the electromagnet and the opposing magnet by using two electromagnets as the electromagnet to be energized according to the situation.

The ON-OFF operation of (1) receives a signal from the sensor, activates the electromagnet by the ON operation, generates an interaction with the opposing magnet, and interacts with the opposing magnet by the OFF operation. Disappear. Specifically, such control can be performed by using, for example, a magnet switch that operates based on a signal from a sensor. However, the apparatus of the present invention is not limited to such an example, and any method can be adopted as long as it can achieve ON / OFF of energization to the electromagnet following the signal.

Similarly, the current direction control (reversal / reversal) method (2) is performed by a system in which two current circuits are formed, for example, using a magnet switch or the like (selecting a junction with a circuit terminal). However, any method can be adopted as long as it is a control method capable of alternately reversing the direction of the current introduced to the electromagnet.

(3) The method of selectively controlling the energization of the two electromagnets can be achieved by the same method as the circuit selection method described above. In addition, although it is possible to perform two ON / OFF operations using two power sources, any method may be adopted as long as it is a method for selecting a circuit.

These controller examples can be used in any of the example devices and modifications described above and below.

In this way, since the magnetic interaction of the auxiliary heart device (10a, 10b) is converted into piston motion, the piston pump (30a, 30b) does not directly lose or flow 100% of the fluid (24a, 24b). And it can implement simultaneously without a time lag.

(Modification 1 of one embodiment)
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the auxiliary heart device (10c) of Modification 1 is different from the above-described embodiment in that the piston (32c) is driven. Hereinafter, this difference will be mainly described.

In the first modification, a permanent magnet (33c) and a coil spring (36c) are arranged outside the cylinder (31c). The electromagnet (35c) is formed in a rod shape. The rod-shaped electromagnet (35c) has a rotating shaft (38c) attached to an intermediate portion in the length direction. The rod-shaped electromagnet (35c) is supported by the rotating shaft (38c) so as to be rotatable about the rotating shaft (38c).

One end of the rod-shaped electromagnet (35c) is connected to the piston (32c) via the link mechanism (37c). This link mechanism (37c) converts the rotational motion of the rod-shaped electromagnet (35c) into the reciprocating motion of the piston (32c). On the other hand, the other end of the rod-shaped electromagnet (35c) is connected to the permanent magnet (33c) via a coil spring (36c). In this case as well, the connection with the coil spring by the link mechanism is preferable. The permanent magnet (33c) is bonded and fixed to the hard film (23c) of the heart balloon (20c). The electromagnet (35c) and the permanent magnet (33c) are arranged so that the magnetic poles of these magnets face each other.

In the first modification, as can be seen from FIG. 7, when the heart contracts, the electromagnet (35c) is turned off, the magnetism of the electromagnet disappears, and the electromagnet (35c) and the permanent magnet (33c) are not connected. Magnetic interaction disappears. Then, the coil spring (36c) is stretched to a normal shape by a restoring force, and the electromagnet (35c) rotates clockwise around the rotation axis (38c). As a result, the piston (32c) of the electromagnet is rotated by this rotational force. Pushed by the other end of the electromagnet and advanced through the crank mechanism, the fluid in the cylinder is pushed into the heart balloon (20c), swells, and the heart balloon (20c) pushes the heart to assist the heart contraction. Press. Therefore, the coil spring of FIG. 7 has substantially the same shape as a shape to which a normal external force is not applied.

After the heart balloon (20c) presses the heart, as can be seen from FIG. 8, the energization of the electromagnet (35c) is turned ON at the timing when the heart expands, and between the electromagnet (35c) and the permanent magnet (33c). When the attractive force is generated, the coil spring (36c) is contracted and elastic energy is stored in the coil spring (36c), and the electromagnet (35c) rotates in the reverse direction, so that the piston (32c) is retracted and the heart balloon (20c) is deflated. Thus, the pressing force of the heart balloon (20c) against the heart is reduced so as to assist in the expansion of the heart.

In Modification 1, when the electromagnet (35c) is energized, an attractive force is generated between the electromagnet (35c) and the permanent magnet (33c), and the coil spring (36c) is contracted, so that the coil spring (36c) is elastic. Energy was stored, but not limited to this, repulsive force is generated when energization of the electromagnet (35c) is ON, and elastic energy is stored in the coil spring (36c) by extending the coil spring (36c) May be. Further, as in the above-described embodiment, the piston (32c) may be reciprocated by alternately reversing the magnetic poles of the electromagnet (35c). In this case, the shape of the coil spring shown in FIG. 8 is a shape in which a normal external force is not applied, and the shape of FIG. 7 is a state in which the shape is expanded based on the repulsive force and the elastic energy of the spring is stored. It becomes.

7 and 8, the magnet member (33c) bonded and fixed to the hard film (23c) is an electromagnet, and the rod-shaped magnet member (35c) is a permanent magnet. In this case, the current from the controller flows to the electromagnet (33c). About an action mechanism, it is the same as that of the modification shown in the above-mentioned one embodiment. Rather, the magnet member (33c) bonded and fixed to the hard film (23c) is an electromagnet, and the rod-shaped magnet member (35c) is a rod-shaped permanent magnet, and the shape is easier to deform and mold. As a result, the transmission of force between the piston and the spring may be smooth.

Furthermore, as an interaction between the electromagnet (35c) and the permanent magnet, it is a matter of course that the apparatus uses both repulsive and attractive interactions. As described above, such an apparatus can be achieved by, for example, reversing or reversing the direction of the current to be applied to the electromagnet, or by alternately energizing using two electromagnets. Further, even in such an apparatus, the permanent magnet and the electromagnet shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are converted as described above, and the magnet member (33c) bonded and fixed to the hard film (23c) is used as an electromagnet, and a rod-like magnet member. Naturally, (35c) may be a permanent magnet, which is applied to the apparatus of the present invention.

Also, the rod-shaped magnet member (35c) may be replaced with an electromagnet, and both may be electromagnets. In this case, when either repulsive force or attractive force is used as the interaction between the magnets by the current ON / OFF mechanism, the two electromagnets can be turned ON / OFF at the same time. Only the ON / OFF operation is performed, and the other electromagnet may be always energized.

(Modification 2 of one embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 9, the auxiliary heart device (10d) according to the second modified example is configured such that the heart balloon (20d) and the cylinder (31d) are connected through a tube (39d). This is different from the first modification. In the second modification, the piston (32d) is reciprocated by turning on and off the electromagnet (35d) as in the first embodiment illustrated at the beginning. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Similarly to 1, the piston (32d) may be reciprocated by reversing the magnetic poles of the electromagnet (35d).

Further, in the second modification, when the electromagnet (35d) is ON, an attractive force is generated between the pair of magnets (33d, 35d), and the coil spring (36d) is contracted to store elastic energy. The elastic energy may be stored by repulsive force generated between the pair of magnets (33d, 35d) when the electromagnet (35d) is ON and the coil spring (36d) is extended.

Furthermore, as an interaction between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet, it is a matter of course that the apparatus uses both repulsive and attractive interactions. As described above, such an apparatus can be achieved by, for example, reversing or reversing the direction of the current to be applied to the electromagnet, or by alternately energizing using two electromagnets. Further, even in such an apparatus, as described above, the permanent magnet and the electromagnet in FIGS. 7 and 8 are converted, the magnet member (33d) in the cylinder (31d) is used as an electromagnet, and the magnet member outside the cylinder (31d) ( Of course, it is possible to use 35d) as a permanent magnet, which is applied to the apparatus of the present invention.

Also, the magnet member (35d) outside the cylinder (31d) may be replaced with an electromagnet, and both may be electromagnets. In this case, when either repulsive force or attractive force is used as the interaction between the magnets by the current ON / OFF mechanism, the two electromagnets can be turned ON / OFF at the same time. Only the ON / OFF operation is performed, and the other electromagnet may be always energized.

(Modification 3 of one embodiment)
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the auxiliary heart device (10e) of Modification 3 is different from the embodiment and Modifications 1 and 2 in that not only the heart but also the descending aorta (50) is expanded and contracted. Hereinafter, this difference will be mainly described.

In modification 3, the cylinder (31e) has two cylinder chambers (45e, 46e). One cylinder chamber (45e) of the cylinder (31e) is connected to the heart balloon (20e) through the tube (39e1), and the other cylinder chamber (46e) is connected to the aortic balloon (25e) through the tube (39e2). It is connected.

As can be seen from FIG. 12, the aortic balloon (25e) is formed into a tubular shape by winding a single hollow sheet (18) and joining them at the seam (19). The tube (39e2) described above is connected to the hollow sheet (18). The aortic balloon (25e) covers the entire outer peripheral direction of the descending aorta (50) with a certain width. When the fluid in the aortic balloon (25e) is discharged, the aortic balloon (25e) is deflated (see FIG. 12 (a)), the pressing force on the descending aorta (50) is reduced, and the descending aorta ( 50) assist with expansion. On the other hand, when the fluid flows into the aortic balloon (25e), the aortic balloon (25e) is inflated (see FIG. 12 (b)), and the pressing force to the descending aorta (50) increases, and the descending Assists the contraction of the aorta (50).

Here, the material of the inner surface in contact with the aorta of the aortic balloon (25e) of Modification 3 is made of a flexible material and the shape is flat, but the shape is not particularly limited to this, for example, When the aortic balloon (25e) is inflated, the inner surface may be partially raised. By doing so, the pressing force to the descending aorta (50) can be increased. Further, the outer surface of the balloon for aorta (25e) may be made of a flexible material like the inner surface, and may be a hard material, as illustrated above.

Two cylinder chambers (45e, 46e) similar to some examples described above are provided inside the cylinder (31e), and for each cylinder chamber, a piston (32e1, 32e2) and Permanent magnets (33e1, 33e2) and coil springs (36e1, 36e2) are accommodated. The coil spring (36e2) on the descending aorta side is configured to store elastic energy when extended, and the coil spring (36e1) on the heart side is configured to store elastic energy when contracted.

Also, between the two permanent magnets (33e1, 33e2), an electromagnet (35e) is disposed outside the cylinder chamber (45e, 46e) so as to face each permanent magnet (33e1, 33e2).

In the device of the modification 3, when the electromagnet (35e) is turned off at the timing when the heart contracts, the heart balloon (20e) is inflated to assist the heart contraction and at the same time the aortic balloon (25e). Is configured to wither (see FIG. 10). The inflating of the heart balloon (20e) assists in the contraction of the heart, and at the same time, the aortic balloon (25e) is deflated so that the descending aorta (50) is released from the compression of the aortic balloon (25e). Blood outflow is supported.

Specifically, when the electromagnet (35e) is turned off, the attractive force between the electromagnet (35e) and the heart side permanent magnet (33e1) disappears and the electromagnet (35e) and the descending aorta side permanent magnet ( The repulsion with 33e2) disappears. Then, the coil spring (36e1) on the heart side is extended with restoring force. In addition, the coil spring (36e2) on the descending aorta side contracts due to the restoring force. When the coil spring (36e1) on the heart side extends, the piston (32e1) on the heart side is pushed, the fluid (24e) flows into the heart balloon (20e), and the heart balloon (20e) expands. When the coil spring (36e2) on the descending aorta side contracts, the piston (32e2) on the descending aorta side is pulled, the fluid (24e) flows out from the aortic balloon (25e), and the aortic balloon (25e) is deflated.

On the other hand, when energization to the electromagnet (35e) is turned on at the timing of expansion of the heart, the aortic balloon (25e) is inflated at the same time as the heart balloon (20e) is deflated so as to assist the expansion of the heart. (See FIG. 11). The aortic balloon (25e) is inflated by the deflation of the heart balloon (20e), while the descending aorta (50e) is compressed from the aortic balloon (25e), and the descending aorta (50e) ), The blood flow into the ventricle is supported.

In the third modification, instead of reciprocating the pistons (32e1, 32e2) by turning on / off the energization of the electromagnet (35e), the present invention is not limited to this. An auxiliary heart device that reciprocates the pistons (32e1, 32e2) by reversing the magnetic poles of the electromagnet (35e) by reversing the direction is also exemplified as a preferred example. In this case, the coil spring (36e1, 36e2) may be used for simple buffering, or the reciprocating motion by changing the magnetic pole state of the piston (32e1, 32e2) using the restoring force of the coil spring (36e1, 36e2) May be assisted.

In addition, it is possible to use an electromagnet for all of the magnets used in the same manner as the apparatus illustrated in this example. The reason for this is that the repulsive force between the magnets with the current turned on, or the generation of attractive force can bring the same polarity as the polarity of the permanent magnet, so that the same tension can be given to the coil spring, When the current is turned off, the magnetic force is completely lost, and the magnetic interaction is lost. This is because, when one of the permanent magnets and the other electromagnet disappear, the interaction between the magnets disappears and the same state can be brought about.

In the case of a device that reverses the direction of the current and uses repulsive force and attractive force as the interaction between the magnets as described above, the permanent magnet of this example is a fixed electromagnet and is always energized. This is because a result equivalent to that of a permanent magnet can be obtained by having the same polarity as that of the permanent magnet.

In Modification 3, it is required to maintain a close correlation between the expansion and contraction of the balloon for the heart and the expansion and contraction of the balloon for the aorta. When pressing the heart), the aortic balloon needs to be in a deflated state, and conversely, when the heart balloon is deflated (the heart is expanded), the aortic balloon is in an inflated state and the aorta needs to be pressed. Become.

In this example, fluid is taken in and out of the heart balloon and the aorta balloon using two pistons and cylinders for the heart and the aorta. Depending on the structure and size of the heart and aorta, the amount of fluid to be taken in and out is usually different, and the amount of fluid to be taken in and out is overwhelmingly large in and out of the heart balloon. As a response to such a case, for example, the following response is made.
(1) When the cylinder inner diameters are substantially equal, the movable region of the piston is changed. Specifically, the movable range of both the coil springs (the difference between the coil length in the normal state and the length in the tensioned state) is adjusted.
(2) By adjusting the cylinder bore. When the movable ranges of both pistons are equal, a quantitative difference can be achieved by squaring the length of the inner diameter. as well as,
(3) It can be achieved by a combination of these.

(Modification 4 of one embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 13, the auxiliary heart device (10f) of the modification 4 matches the modification 3 in that not only the heart but also the descending aorta (50) is expanded or contracted. However, the driving method of the pistons (32f1, 32f2) Is different. In the modified example 4, as shown in the modified example 1, the pistons (32f1, 32f2) are driven by the rotation of the rod-shaped electromagnet (35f).

In Modification 4, the cylinder (31f) has two cylinder chambers (45f, 46f). A heart balloon (20f) is connected to one cylinder chamber (45f) of the cylinder (31f), and an aortic balloon (25f) is connected to the other cylinder chamber (46f) through a tube (39f). The aortic balloon (25f) is connected to the cylinder chamber (46f) via a tube (39f). Further, a piston (32f) is accommodated in each cylinder chamber (45f, 46f) inside the cylinder (31f). These pistons (32f) are connected to one end of a rod-shaped electromagnet (35f) via a link mechanism (37f). The two pistons (32f) are disposed on both sides of one end of the electromagnet (35f).

The control unit (40f) includes a rectifier that alternately reverses the magnetic poles of the rod-shaped electromagnet (35f). When the permanent magnet (33f) and the electromagnet (35f) face each other with the same polarity, a repulsive force is generated between these magnets, and the electromagnet (35f) rotates clockwise, causing the heart side piston (32f) to move. The piston (32f) on the descending aorta side retracts away from the tube (39f) of the aortic balloon (25f) at the same time as it advances toward the heart balloon (20f). Accordingly, the aortic balloon (25f) is deflated at the same time as the heart balloon (20f) is expanded.

When the magnetic pole of the electromagnet (35f) is switched by the control unit (40f) and the permanent magnet (33f) and the electromagnet (35f) face each other with different polarities, an attractive force is generated between these magnets, and the electromagnet (35f) rotates counterclockwise. By rotating to the heart side, the piston (32f) on the descending aorta side advances at the same time as the piston (32f) on the heart side moves backward. As a result, the aortic balloon (25f) is expanded when the heart balloon (20f) is deflated.

Therefore, the correlation with respect to the introduction of fluid into the heart balloon and the arterial balloon is the same as that in the third modification described above.

Similarly to the first modification, the rod-shaped magnet member (35f) may be a permanent magnet, and the magnet member (33f) bonded and fixed to the hard film of the heart balloon (20f) may be an electromagnet. There is no problem. Moreover, both can use an electromagnet by performing current control as described above.

Furthermore, as in all the previous examples, a system that uses both repulsive force and attractive force as the magnet interaction is also possible, and is achieved by reversing the direction of the current as described above. .

As described above, according to the third and fourth modifications, the descending aorta and the ventricle of the heart can be assisted at the same time for expansion and contraction. Here, the simultaneous operation means that the descending aorta is in an expanded state when the heart ventricle is compressed, and the descending aorta is compressed when the heart ventricle is expanded. In one embodiment of the piston pump (30e, 30f), the heart (ventricle) and the descending aorta can be efficiently and simultaneously acted on, which can be an effective auxiliary heart. In addition, since the piston pumps (30e, 30f) are compact, it is effective for installation in the body, and it is possible to construct a system that does not interfere with daily life.

There is a conventional system in which a balloon is placed around the descending aorta near the heart and only the descending aorta is compressed. This system is equipped with a storage bag that stores fluid together with the balloon (hereinafter also referred to simply as a bag), and hinge-type plate-like electromagnets with one end rotatable on both outer surfaces of the storage bag. Has been. When the fluid is inserted into the balloon and inflated, the both plates are closed by electromagnetic force. The storage bag is pressed by closing the plate, and the fluid is sent to the balloon. This inflates the balloon and compresses the descending aorta.

However, in this conventional system, when the fluid that has flowed into the balloon is returned to the storage bag in order to assist the expansion of the descending aorta, direct electromagnetic force does not act, for example, to return the storage bag to its original volume. Must rely on the self-restoring power of the bag, and in reality, it must be a very inefficient restoration speed. That is, the time for the bag to return to the bag is slow, and the force for the fluid to return to the bag is weak. In addition, since the hinge upper plate is used in compression of the storage bag, there is a possibility that the force is distributed by the hinge plate to the partial storage bag, the force is dispersed, and the above-described time lag or the like occurs. Furthermore, in this system, the compression and relaxation of the descending aorta and the ventricle cannot be performed.

In the modified examples 3 and 4, both the balloons ((20e, 25e), (20f, 25f)) are expanded and contracted by the reciprocating motion of the pistons ((32e1,32e2), 32f), so the balloons ((20e, 25e) , (20f, 25f)) can be performed more smoothly than the conventional system described above.

On the other hand, the auxiliary heart device (10g) which is an embodiment different from the above shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 does not include a heart balloon, but instead includes only an aortic balloon (25g). Except for not having a heart balloon, the material, basic functions, and the like of the constituent members are the same as in the above-described embodiment. That is, in the auxiliary heart device (10g), in the pair of magnet members (33g, 35g), one magnet member (35g) is fixed to the piston side end of the cylinder (31g), and the other magnet member (33g) Is fixed to the piston (32g) and is movably accommodated inside the cylinder (31g), and a spring as an elastic member (36g) is provided between the pair of magnet members (33g, 35g). ing. In this case, the driving force generated between the pair of magnet members (33g, 35g) includes the attractive force or repulsive force between the pair of magnet members (33g, 35g) and the restoring force of the elastic member (36g). .

Further, in the auxiliary heart device (10h) which is a further different embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the above-mentioned auxiliary heart device (10h) is not provided with a heart balloon, but is provided with only an aortic balloon (25h) instead. 10g), but a pair of magnet members (33h, 35h) is arranged between one magnet member (33h) and the other magnet member (35h) as in the first modification (FIG. 7). And a link mechanism (37h) that is formed so as to perform a rotational motion by an attractive force or a repulsive force, and that converts the rotational motion of one magnet member (35h) into a reciprocating motion of a piston (32h).
Furthermore, in both the auxiliary heart device (10g) and the auxiliary heart device (10h), the driving force generated between the pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h) is the current to the electromagnet (35g, 35h). An attractive force or a repulsive force generated by reversing the introduction direction can also be included. In both the auxiliary heart device (10g) and the auxiliary heart device (10h), the control unit (40g, 40h), the piston pump (30g, 30h), and the cylinder (31g, 31h), piston ( 32g, 32h) and magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h), and coil springs (elastic members) (36g, 36h), link mechanisms (37h), etc. can be provided not only inside the body but also outside the body. Needless to say.

(Other embodiments)
In one embodiment provided with the above-mentioned heart balloon, one heart balloon (20a) is configured to cover the heart. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the heart balloon (20a) partially covers the heart. It may be one that compresses the target, or a plurality of balloons may be installed for one heart. Even in this case, the same effect as the present invention can be obtained. Here, when the heart is partially compressed, the blood in the heart can be efficiently discharged to the aorta by placing the heart so as to face the left ventricle of the heart.

On the other hand, a time lag is generated between the pumping system and the balloon in the embodiment having no cardiac balloon as shown in FIGS. 14, 15 and 16 and having only the aortic balloon instead. Therefore, the balloon can be inflated and deflated with high response and reliability.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the sensor (41a) is installed on the outer wall of the heart. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 17, the sensor (41a) is installed on the body surface. Also good. The same applies to the sensor (41g, 41h) in the auxiliary heart device (10g, 10h) that does not include the heart balloon but includes only the aortic balloon (25g, 25h).

As described above, the present invention is useful for an auxiliary heart device that assists in the movement of the heart.

Note that most or all of the device of the present invention is indwelled in the human body. Therefore, in particular, the electromagnet needs to be covered with a coating or the like so that a body fluid such as a body fluid does not flow into the electromagnetic coil. For permanent magnets, sensors, and cords, it is recommended to prevent direct contact with bodily fluids by coating treatment from the viewpoint of rust prevention and prevention of electric shock.

10a Auxiliary heart device

20a Heart balloon 21a Recess

22a Flexible membrane

23a Hard membrane 24a Fluid 25a Aortic balloon

30a Piston pump 31a Cylinder 32a Piston

33a Permanent magnet 35a Electromagnet 36a Coil spring (elastic member)

37a Link mechanism

40a Control unit 41a Sensor

Claims

A cardiac container (20a-20f) consisting of a flexible membrane, in whole or in part, in contact with the outer wall of the heart;
A piston pump (30a-30f) disposed in the body and causing volume change of the heart container (20a-20f) by introduction and suction of fluid into the heart container (20a-20f),
The piston pumps (30a to 30f) include cylinders (31a to 31f) connected to the cardiac containers (20a to 20f), pistons (32a to 32f) accommodated in the cylinders (31a to 31f), A pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) including one or more electromagnets (35a to 35f) on at least one side, and the piston (32a to 32f) is connected to the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) are connected to or fixed to only one of the magnets, and the magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) by controlling the current of the electromagnets (35a to 35f) The pistons (32a to 32f) are moved in the cylinders (31a to 31f) using repulsive force and / or attractive force generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) as a drive source. By reciprocating, the contact surface with the heart in the heart container (20a to 20f) can be expanded and contracted. Auxiliary heart device characterized.
Equipped with an aorta container (25e, 25f) that can be expanded and contracted in contact with the outer wall of the aorta,
The piston pump (30e, 30f) has one end of the cylinder (31e, 31f) connected to the heart container (20e, 20f) and the other end of the cylinder (31e, 31f) to the aorta container (25e). , 25f) is connected, and the magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) is changed, and the piston (32e, 32f) is moved in the cylinder (31e, 31f). The contact surface with the heart in the heart container (20e, 20f) is expanded and contracted by reciprocating, and the contact surface with the aorta in the aorta container (25e, 25f) is expanded and contracted. Auxiliary heart device according to 1.
Equipped with an aorta container (25e, 25f) that can be expanded and contracted in contact with the outer wall of the aorta,
The cylinder (31e, 31f) has two cylinder chambers (45e to 45f, 46e to 46f),
The piston (32e, 32f) is accommodated in each cylinder chamber (45e-45f, 46e-46f),
In the piston pump (30e, 30f), the cardiac container (20e, 20f) is connected to one cylinder chamber (45e to 45f), and the aortic container (25e, 25f) is connected to the other cylinder chamber (46e to 46f), changing the magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) and reciprocating the piston (32e, 32f) in the cylinder (31e, 31f) The contact surface with the heart in the container for heart (20e, 20f) is expanded and contracted by exercising, and the contact surface with the aorta in the container for aorta (25e, 25f) is expanded and contracted. Auxiliary heart device as described.
In the pair of magnet members ((33a, 33b, 33d, 33e), (35a, 35b, 35d, 35e)), one of the magnet members (35a, 35b, 35d, 35e) is the cylinder (31a, 31b, 31d). , 31e) and the other magnet member (33a, 33b, 33d, 33e) is fixed to the piston (32a, 32b, 32d, 32e) and the cylinder (31a, 31b, 31d, The auxiliary heart device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the auxiliary heart device is movably accommodated in 31e).
The pair of magnet members ((33c, 33f), (35c, 35f)) has one magnet member (35c, 35f) between the pair of magnet members ((33c, 33f), (35c, 35f)). It is configured to perform a rotational movement by the repulsive force and attractive force generated,
Between the one magnet member (35c, 35f) and the piston (32c, 32f), the rotational movement of the one magnet member (35c, 35f) is reciprocated by the piston (32c, 32f). The auxiliary heart device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a link mechanism (37c, 37f) for conversion is provided.
A force serving as a drive source generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) due to a change in the magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) is at least An attractive force and a repulsive force between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) generated by reversing the current introduction to the one electromagnet (35a to 35f) in the direction of current introduction at a constant interval; Thereby, the auxiliary heart device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reciprocating motion of the piston (32c, 32f) is continuously performed.
Elastic members (36a to 36f) are provided between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f),
A force serving as a drive source generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) due to a change in the magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) is at least An attractive force or a repulsive force between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f) generated by introduction and disconnection of a current into the electromagnet (35a to 35f) at a constant interval; and an elastic member (36a The auxiliary heart device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reciprocating motion of the piston (32c, 32f) is continuously performed by using the restoring force (36f) and the repulsive force or attractive force together.
The auxiliary according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an elastic member (36a to 36f) is provided between the pair of magnet members (33a to 33f, 35a to 35f). Heart device.
An aorta container (25g, 25h) that can be expanded and contracted in contact with the outer wall of the aorta, and the aorta container (25g, 25h) disposed in the body and introduced and aspirated into the aorta container (25g, 25h) Equipped with a piston pump (30g, 30h)
The piston pump (30g, 30h) includes a cylinder (31g, 31h) connected to the aorta container (25g, 25h), a piston (32g, 32h) accommodated in the cylinder (31g, 31h), A pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h) including one or more electromagnets (35g, 35h) in at least one, and the piston (32g, 32h) is connected to the pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, Magnetic pole state generated between the pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h) by being connected or fixed to only one of the 35g, 35h) and controlling the current of the electromagnet (35g, 35h) The piston (32g, 32h) is moved in the cylinder (31g, 31h) using repulsive force and / or attractive force generated between the pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h) as a drive source. Reciprocating motion expands or contracts the contact surface of the aorta container (25g, 25h) with the aorta Organ system.
The pair of magnet members (33h, 35h) is formed so as to perform a rotating motion by attractive force or repulsive force generated between one magnet member (33h) and the other magnet member (35h), The auxiliary heart device according to claim 9, further comprising a link mechanism (37h) for converting a rotational movement of the magnet member (35h) into a reciprocating movement of the piston (32h).
In the pair of magnet members (33g, 35g), one magnet member (35g) is fixed to the piston (32g) side end of the cylinder (31g), and the other magnet member (33g) is the piston (32g). The auxiliary heart device according to claim 9, wherein the auxiliary heart device is movably accommodated in the cylinder (31g) while being fixed to the cylinder.
The auxiliary heart device according to claim 11, wherein an elastic member (36g) is provided between the pair of magnet members (33g, 35g).
The driving force generated between the pair of magnet members (33g, 35g) includes an attractive force or a repulsive force between the pair of magnet members (33g, 35g) and a restoring force of the elastic member (36g). The auxiliary heart device according to claim 12.
The driving force generated between the pair of magnet members (33g, 33h, 35g, 35h) includes an attractive force or a repulsive force generated by reversing the current introduction direction to the electromagnet (35g, 35h). The auxiliary heart device according to any one of claims 9 to 13.