WO2016203079A1 - Combined cycle hydraulic motor and method for said motor - Google Patents

Combined cycle hydraulic motor and method for said motor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016203079A1
WO2016203079A1 PCT/ES2016/070444 ES2016070444W WO2016203079A1 WO 2016203079 A1 WO2016203079 A1 WO 2016203079A1 ES 2016070444 W ES2016070444 W ES 2016070444W WO 2016203079 A1 WO2016203079 A1 WO 2016203079A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
cylinders
group
belonging
combined cycle
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PCT/ES2016/070444
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gabriel Roig Santandreu
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Gabriel Roig Santandreu
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Publication of WO2016203079A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016203079A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/005—Installations wherein the liquid circulates in a closed loop ; Alleged perpetua mobilia of this or similar kind
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04B23/04—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F04B23/06—Combinations of two or more pumps the pumps being all of reciprocating positive-displacement type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combined cycle hydraulic motor and a method for said motor.
  • the combined cycle hydraulic motor of the invention has a configuration that solves the problems posed, since it has high performance and is capable of operating autonomously.
  • the engine comprises at least three equal groups of three cylinders each group, each group comprising a first drive cylinder and a second cylinder mechanically coupled to the corresponding first cylinder, in order to cause its emptying, and by A drive of a hydraulic machine, such as a gear pump, is emptied.
  • a hydraulic machine such as a gear pump
  • the first and second cylinders of each group are lifted with respect to a fixed support through the third cylinder of the corresponding group.
  • the first cylinders of each group are connected to it through two drive circuits, and the return from the hydraulic machine of each sequentially connected drive circuit is found, first of all to the inlet of the third cylinder of the preceding group - to fill it with elevation of the first cylinder of the preceding group-, and secondly to the admission of said first cylinder of the preceding group, understood herein as the preceding group, with respect to the drives that each of them performs, which is driven immediately before , while the group that will drive next would be the later group.
  • the engine of the invention also comprises a control unit that performs the programmed sequential actuation of solenoid valves arranged in the conduits that communicate the different elements thereof and that govern the hydraulic fluid flows, understood as the programmed sequential drive that with conveniently arranged opening and closing cycles programmed for the correct operation of the machine according to the procedure of the invention.
  • the process of the invention comprises the following steps:
  • Figure 1 shows a view of a principle scheme of the engine of the invention.
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c show the steps of the operation procedure of the motor of the invention, where the control part of the different solenoid valves has been removed for a better appreciation.
  • the combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) of the invention comprises at least three equal groups (2, 3, 4) of three cylinders (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) each group, where each group (2, 3, 4) comprises a first drive cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) and a second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) mechanically coupled to the corresponding first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) in order to cause its emptying, and that they are also mounted elevably through the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of the corresponding group (2, 3, 4).
  • the expulsions (1 1) or exits of the first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) of each group (2, 3, 4) are connected to a hydraulic machine (7) through two first supply ducts (31) with first sequentially operated solenoid valves (9), and the returns (10) being found from the hydraulic machine (7) of each first drive line (31) sequentially connected first to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of previous group through second ducts (32) with second solenoid valves (12) -for filling with elevation of the first empty cylinder (2nd, 3rd, 4th), and then to the intake (16) of said first cylinder (2nd, 3rd , 4a) of the preceding group through third conduits (33) with third solenoid valves (15); the outlet (17) of the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group (2, 3, 4) being connected by fourth ducts (34) with fourth solenoid valves (18) also to the intake (16) of the first cylinder ( 2nd, 3rd,
  • the operation is regulated by the solenoid valves (9, 12, 15, 18, 20) that govern the hydraulic fluid flows, having a control unit (60) for programmed sequential actuation thereof.
  • the first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) and the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group (2, 3, 4) are mounted on a lifting structure (5a, 5b, 5c), the third cylinder being located (2c, 3c, 4c) of each group (2, 3, 4) mechanically relating each lifting structure (5a, 5b, 5c) to a fixed support (6).
  • the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) are ideally vertical, while the structures (5a, 5b, 5c) can run through guides, not shown to determine their vertical travel.
  • the engine (1) in its most basic embodiment comprises three groups (2, 3, 4) of three cylinders (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) as is the case of the present example not limiting the invention, it is envisioned that it may comprise a plurality of sets of three groups (2, 3, 4) of three cylinders (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c), each one of said assemblies sequentially offset from the others so that a more stable thrust curve is achieved on the hydraulic machine (7) the more assemblies are implemented.
  • the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) of all the groups have the same capacity, since there is a direct transfer of hydraulic fluid between them, while the first cylinders (2a , 3rd, 4th) of all groups also have the same capacity as each other, which is significantly greater than the capacity of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and of the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c), taking into account that the weight differences existing in each moment in these first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) are what will drive the hydraulic machine and recharge the other cylinders.
  • the capacity of these first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) could ideally be at least twice, or multiples much larger, than that of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and of the third cylinders ( 2c, 3c, 4c).
  • the first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) have the same stroke as the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and run in the opposite direction, since they will be driven by them.
  • the capacities of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) being equal, their diameter and stroke characteristics can be different, obtaining a multiplier effect.
  • the force received in the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) would be quadrupled. It is also planned the possible interleaving of specific multipliers based on additional cylinders of different diameters and races, not shown, arranged between the exhaust (19) of each third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) and access (21) to the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of the preceding group. In this way, in addition, the most convenient races for the different cylinders can be selected.
  • each group (2, 3, 4) of cylinders a duplicate cylinder of smaller capacity, not shown, of each original cylinder (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c) can be included , 4a, 4b, 4c), to maintain pressure values.
  • the first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) of each group (2, 3, 4) has a very large diameter and can not have much stroke because if not the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) that pushes (and therefore the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) that supplies this second cylinder) would be too long, these duplicate cylinders are responsible for maintaining sufficient pressure values.
  • two circuits would materialize: one for flow and one for pressure, which would be joined - by inserting non-return valves in both - in a manifold, not shown before the hydraulic machine (7) and separated again just after.
  • the invention has also provided for the provision of a compensation circuit (22), which is connected to the fourth communication conduits (34) between the outputs of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the admissions of the first cylinders (2nd, 3rd, 4th) of each group, said compensation circuit (22) comprising a pressurized boiler (23) to absorb overpressures and recover energy.
  • said compensation circuit (22) comprising a pressurized boiler (23) to absorb overpressures and recover energy.
  • the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group may comprise a double-acting piston, being fed in retraction from the pressurized boiler (23) through sixths conduits (36) and sixth solenoid valves (24) governed sequentially by the control unit (60). In this way, the residual energy accumulated in the boiler (23) can be used to retract the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b), helping to simultaneously fill the corresponding first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a).
  • the compensation circuit (22) can be additionally connected to the return (10) of the first supply ducts (31) through seventh ducts (37) with seventh solenoid valves (27) governed sequentially by the control unit (60), in such a way that excess or punctual energy can be recovered or provided in the return, being able to monitor the pressures existing at all times in the main parts of the engine by means of pressure sensors, not shown, connected to the control unit (60).
  • a preload initiator of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of at least one of the groups (2, 3, 4) is also provided for starting the engine (1) from standstill if there is no sufficient preload in any of said third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c).
  • Said initiator comprises, for example, an external mechanical elevator (25) of the elevating structure (5a, 5b, 5c) of at least one of the groups (2, 3, 4) and / or about eighth ducts (38) with octaves solenoid valves (26) for direct connection of the first supply duct (31) of each group (2, 3, 4) with the return (10) to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of the preceding group and then to the admission (16) of the first cylinder (2nd, 3rd, 4th) of the group, configuring a parallel branch that bridges the hydraulic machine (7), so that there will be no load losses applied to it.
  • Said hydraulic machine (7) ideally comprises a gear pump, which can be in any location, since the hydraulic energy reaches it through the conduits or hoses of the drive circuits
  • the motor (1) additionally comprises cooling and / or filtering elements of the hydraulic fluids.

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined cycle hydraulic motor comprising, at least, three equal groups of three cylinders having a first propulsion cylinder and a second cylinder coupled to the first cylinder for the emptying thereof, both being liftably mounted in the third cylinder. The outputs of the first cylinders are connected to a hydraulic machine, and the returns are connected to the inlet of the third cylinder and to the inlet of the first cylinder of the preceding group. The outlet of the second cylinder of each group is connected to the inlet of the first cylinder of the same group, with the outlet of the third cylinder of each group being connected to the inlet of the second cylinder of the preceding group, and wherein a control unit is provided for actuating a number of electro-valves that manage the functioning in accordance with the method according to the invention.

Description

MOTOR HIDRÁULICO DE CICLOS COMBINADOS Y PROCEDIMIENTO PARA DICHO MOTOR  HYDRAULIC MOTOR OF COMBINED CYCLES AND PROCEDURE FOR SUCH MOTOR
DESCRIPCION DESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a un motor hidráulico de ciclos combinados y a un procedimiento para dicho motor. The present invention relates to a combined cycle hydraulic motor and a method for said motor.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En la actualidad se conocen diversos tipos de motores, desde eléctricos, de explosión, hidráulicos etc, todos ellos con el denominador común de las pérdidas, bajo rendimiento y elevados consumos de energía, lo cual supone un inconveniente. At present, various types of motors are known, from electric, explosion, hydraulic etc, all of them with the common denominator of losses, low performance and high energy consumption, which is a drawback.
DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCION DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El motor hidráulico de ciclos combinados de la invención tiene una configuración que soluciona los problemas planteados, ya que tiene un elevado rendimiento y es capaz de funcionar autónomamente. The combined cycle hydraulic motor of the invention has a configuration that solves the problems posed, since it has high performance and is capable of operating autonomously.
De acuerdo con la invención, el motor comprende, al menos, tres grupos iguales de tres cilindros cada grupo, comprendiendo cada grupo un primer cilindro de impulsión y un segundo cilindro acoplado mecánicamente al primer cilindro correspondiente, en orden a provocar su vaciado, y mediante este vaciado una impulsión de una máquina hidráulica, tal como una bomba de engranajes. El primer y segundo cilindro de cada grupo, además, se encuentran montados elevablemente respecto de un apoyo fijo a través del tercer cilindro del grupo correspondiente. According to the invention, the engine comprises at least three equal groups of three cylinders each group, each group comprising a first drive cylinder and a second cylinder mechanically coupled to the corresponding first cylinder, in order to cause its emptying, and by A drive of a hydraulic machine, such as a gear pump, is emptied. In addition, the first and second cylinders of each group are lifted with respect to a fixed support through the third cylinder of the corresponding group.
Para la impulsión de la máquina hidráulica, los primeros cilindros de cada grupo se encuentran conectados a la misma a través de sendos circuitos de impulsión, y encontrándose el retorno desde la máquina hidráulica de cada circuito de impulsión secuencialmente conectado, en primer lugar a la entrada del tercer cilindro del grupo precedente -para llenado del mismo con elevación del primer cilindro del grupo precedente-, y en segundo lugar a la admisión de dicho primer cilindro del grupo precedente, entendiendo en el presente documento como grupo precedente, respecto a las impulsiones que realizan cada uno de ellos, el que es impulsado inmediatamente antes, mientras que el grupo que impulsará a continuación sería el grupo posterior. Este punto indica que en primer lugar se llena el tercer cilindro del grupo y una vez lleno el mismo se llena el primer cilindro del grupo -que estaba vacío y por tanto con un peso menor durante el llenado del tercer cilindro-, como se refleja en el procedimiento de la invención. Además, la salida del segundo cilindro de cada grupo se encuentra conectada a la admisión del primer cilindro del mismo grupo, y encontrándose conectado el escape del tercer cilindro de cada grupo al acceso del segundo cilindro del grupo precedente para su extensión, lo cual produce el vaciado del primer cilindro y la impulsión del motor hidráulico. Por último, el motor de la invención igualmente comprende una unidad de control que realiza el accionamiento secuencial programado de unas electroválvulas dispuestas en los conductos que comunican los diferentes elementos del mismo y que gobiernan los flujos de fluido hidráulico, entendiendo como accionamiento secuencial programado aquel con ciclos de apertura y cierre ordenados conveniente programados para el correcto funcionamiento de la máquina de acuerdo al procedimiento de la invención. For the drive of the hydraulic machine, the first cylinders of each group are connected to it through two drive circuits, and the return from the hydraulic machine of each sequentially connected drive circuit is found, first of all to the inlet of the third cylinder of the preceding group - to fill it with elevation of the first cylinder of the preceding group-, and secondly to the admission of said first cylinder of the preceding group, understood herein as the preceding group, with respect to the drives that each of them performs, which is driven immediately before , while the group that will drive next would be the later group. This point indicates that first the third cylinder of the group is filled and once it is filled the first cylinder of the group is filled -which was empty and therefore with a lower weight during the filling of the third cylinder-, as reflected in The process of the invention. In addition, the output of the second cylinder of each group is connected to the admission of the first cylinder of the same group, and the escape of the third cylinder of each group is connected to the access of the second cylinder of the preceding group for its extension, which produces the emptying of the first cylinder and the hydraulic motor drive. Finally, the engine of the invention also comprises a control unit that performs the programmed sequential actuation of solenoid valves arranged in the conduits that communicate the different elements thereof and that govern the hydraulic fluid flows, understood as the programmed sequential drive that with conveniently arranged opening and closing cycles programmed for the correct operation of the machine according to the procedure of the invention.
Por su parte, el procedimiento de la invención comprende las siguientes etapas: For its part, the process of the invention comprises the following steps:
-accionar en extensión un segundo cilindro perteneciente a un primer grupo de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión de un tercer cilindro de igual capacidad perteneciente a un segundo grupo de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso de un primer cilindro de mayor capacidad perteneciente igualmente a dicho segundo grupo de cilindros, que se encuentra lleno y sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro del segundo grupo de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro perteneciente primer grupo de cilindros el vaciado de un primer cilindro perteneciente al primer grupo de cilindros, de capacidad igual a la del primer cilindro del segundo grupo de cilindros, impulsando una máquina hidráulica; y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada de un tercer cilindro perteneciente a un tercer grupo de cilindros, de capacidad igual a la del tercer cilindro perteneciente al segundo grupo de cilindros, para elevación de otro primer cilindro perteneciente a dicho tercer grupo de cilindros, de igual capacidad que los primeros cilindros del primer y segundo grupos de cilindros, que se encuentra vacío, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro perteneciente al tercer grupo de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión del primer cilindro vacío perteneciente al tercer grupo de cilindros y de igual capacidad que los primeros cilindros del primer y segundo grupos de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro perteneciente al tercer grupo de cilindros desde un circuito de compensación presurizado, -activate in extension a second cylinder belonging to a first group of cylinders by emptying and compression of a third cylinder of equal capacity belonging to a second group of cylinders, driven in emptying by the weight of a first cylinder of greater capacity also belonging to said second group of cylinders, which is filled and supported descendingly by said third cylinder of the second group of cylinders; simultaneously, said second cylinder belonging to the first group of cylinders driving the emptying of a first cylinder belonging to the first group of cylinders, with a capacity equal to that of the first cylinder of the second group of cylinders, driving a hydraulic machine; and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the entrance of a third cylinder belonging to a third group of cylinders, with a capacity equal to that of the third cylinder belonging to the second group of cylinders, for lifting another first cylinder belonging to said cylinder third group of cylinders, of equal capacity as the first cylinders of the first and second group of cylinders, which is empty, and once said third cylinder belonging to the third group of cylinders is filled, deriving the return of the impulse to the admission of the first empty cylinder belonging to the third group of cylinders and of the same capacity as the first cylinders of the first and second groups of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder belonging to the third group of cylinders from a pressurized compensation circuit,
-accionar en extensión un segundo cilindro perteneciente al segundo grupo de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión del tercer cilindro perteneciente al tercer grupo de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso del primer cilindro, previamente lleno, perteneciente al tercer grupo de cilindros y, que se encuentra sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro del tercer grupo de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro perteneciente al segundo grupo de cilindros el vaciado del primer cilindro perteneciente al segundo grupo de cilindros, impulsando la máquina hidráulica; y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada del tercer cilindro perteneciente al primer grupo de cilindros para elevación del primer cilindro previamente vaciado perteneciente a dicho primer grupo de cilindros, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro perteneciente al primer grupo de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión del primer cilindro vacío perteneciente al primer grupo de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro perteneciente al primer grupo de cilindros desde el circuito de compensación presurizado, -activate in extension a second cylinder belonging to the second group of cylinders by emptying and compression of the third cylinder belonging to the third group of cylinders, actuated in emptying by the weight of the first cylinder, previously filled, belonging to the third group of cylinders and, which it is supported descendingly by said third cylinder of the third group of cylinders; simultaneously operating said second cylinder belonging to the second group of cylinders the emptying of the first cylinder belonging to the second group of cylinders, driving the hydraulic machine; and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the inlet of the third cylinder belonging to the first group of cylinders for lifting the first previously emptied cylinder belonging to said first group of cylinders, and once said third cylinder belonging to the first group of cylinders, deriving the return of the impulse to the admission of the first empty cylinder belonging to the first group of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder belonging to the first group of cylinders from the pressurized compensation circuit,
-accionar en extensión el segundo cilindro perteneciente al tercer grupo de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión del tercer cilindro perteneciente al primer grupo de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso del primer cilindro, previamente lleno, perteneciente al primer grupo de cilindros y, que se encuentra sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro del primer grupo de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro perteneciente al tercer grupo de cilindros el vaciado del primer cilindro perteneciente al tercer grupo de cilindros, impulsando la máquina hidráulica; y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada del tercer cilindro perteneciente al segundo grupo de cilindros para elevación del primer cilindro previamente vaciado perteneciente a dicho segundo grupo de cilindros, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro perteneciente al segundo grupo de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión del primer cilindro vacío perteneciente al segundo grupo de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro perteneciente al segundo grupo de cilindros desde el circuito de compensación presurizado, y -activate in extension the second cylinder belonging to the third group of cylinders by emptying and compression of the third cylinder belonging to the first group of cylinders, driven in emptying by the weight of the first cylinder, previously filled, belonging to the first group of cylinders and, which it is supported descendingly by said third cylinder of the first group of cylinders; simultaneously operating said second cylinder belonging to the third group of cylinders the emptying of the first cylinder belonging to the third group of cylinders, driving the hydraulic machine; and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the inlet of the third cylinder belonging to the second group of cylinders for lifting the first previously emptied cylinder belonging to said second group of cylinders, and once said third cylinder belonging to the second group of cylinders is filled cylinders, deriving the return of the impulse to the admission of the first empty cylinder belonging to the second group of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder belonging to the second group of cylinders from the compensation circuit pressurized, and
-repetir sucesivamente los pasos anteriores. Como el peso del primer cilindro lleno del grupo posterior es superior al del primer cilindro del grupo precedente, tiene la suficiente energía para impulsar la máquina hidráulica a través del primer cilindro del grupo activo y elevar al primer cilindro vacío del grupo precedente simplemente con la energía que exista a la salida de dicha máquina, esto es, en el retorno correspondiente, y a continuación llenar este primer cilindro del grupo precedente, todo ello siempre que la carga en la máquina hidráulica esté adecuadamente calculada. Una vez elevado y completamente lleno este primer cilindro del grupo precedente, queda cargado para actuar a su vez de la misma forma sobre el grupo posterior, y así sucesivamente. -repeat successively the previous steps. Since the weight of the first full cylinder of the rear group is greater than that of the first cylinder of the preceding group, it has sufficient energy to drive the hydraulic machine through the first cylinder of the active group and lift the first empty cylinder of the preceding group simply with the energy that exists at the exit of said machine, that is, in the corresponding return, and then fill this first cylinder of the preceding group, all this provided that the load on the hydraulic machine is properly calculated. Once this first cylinder of the preceding group is raised and completely filled, it is loaded to act in turn in the same way on the subsequent group, and so on.
BREVE DESCRIPCION DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
La figura 1 muestra una vista de un esquema de principio del motor de la invención. Figure 1 shows a view of a principle scheme of the engine of the invention.
Las figuras 2a, 2b y 2c muestran las etapas del procedimiento de funcionamiento del motor de la invención, donde se ha eliminado la parte de control de las diferentes electroválvulas para una mejor apreciación. Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show the steps of the operation procedure of the motor of the invention, where the control part of the different solenoid valves has been removed for a better appreciation.
DESCRIPCION DE UNA REALIZACION PRÁCTICA DE LA INVENCION DESCRIPTION OF A PRACTICAL EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
El motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados de la invención comprende, al menos, tres grupos (2, 3, 4) iguales de tres cilindros (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) cada grupo, donde cada grupo (2, 3, 4) comprende un primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) de impulsión y un segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) acoplado mecánicamente al primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) correspondiente en orden a provocar su vaciado, y que además se encuentran montados elevablemente a través del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) del grupo (2, 3, 4) correspondiente. The combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) of the invention comprises at least three equal groups (2, 3, 4) of three cylinders (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) each group, where each group (2, 3, 4) comprises a first drive cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) and a second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) mechanically coupled to the corresponding first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) in order to cause its emptying, and that they are also mounted elevably through the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of the corresponding group (2, 3, 4).
Las expulsiones (1 1 ) o salidas de los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) se encuentran conectadas a una máquina hidráulica (7) a través de sendos primeros conductos de impulsión (31 ) con primeras electroválvulas (9) de accionamiento secuencial, y encontrándose los retornos (10) desde la máquina hidráulica (7) de cada primer conducto de impulsión (31 ) secuencialmente conectados en primer lugar a la entrada (14) del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) del grupo precedente mediante segundos conductos (32) con segundas electroválvulas (12) -para su llenado con elevación del primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) vacío correspondiente-, y a continuación a la admisión (16) de dicho primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) del grupo precedente mediante terceros conductos (33) con terceras electroválvulas (15); encontrándose conectada la salida (17) del segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) mediante cuartos conductos (34) con cuartas electroválvulas (18) igualmente a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) del mismo grupo (si bien en los dibujos se grafían dos admisiones (16) en cada primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) que cumplen la misma función, para mayor claridad), y encontrándose conectado el escape (19) del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) mediante quintos conductos (35) con quintas electroválvulas (20) al acceso (21 ) del segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) del grupo precedente para producir su extensión, lo cual produce asimismo el vaciado del primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) del grupo precedente y la impulsión de la máquina hidráulica (7). The expulsions (1 1) or exits of the first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) of each group (2, 3, 4) are connected to a hydraulic machine (7) through two first supply ducts (31) with first sequentially operated solenoid valves (9), and the returns (10) being found from the hydraulic machine (7) of each first drive line (31) sequentially connected first to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of previous group through second ducts (32) with second solenoid valves (12) -for filling with elevation of the first empty cylinder (2nd, 3rd, 4th), and then to the intake (16) of said first cylinder (2nd, 3rd , 4a) of the preceding group through third conduits (33) with third solenoid valves (15); the outlet (17) of the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group (2, 3, 4) being connected by fourth ducts (34) with fourth solenoid valves (18) also to the intake (16) of the first cylinder ( 2nd, 3rd, 4th) of the same group (although in the drawings two admissions (16) are engraved on each first cylinder (2nd, 3rd, 4th) that fulfill the same function, for clarity), and the exhaust being connected ( 19) of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of each group (2, 3, 4) by fifth ducts (35) with fifth solenoid valves (20) to the access (21) of the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of the previous group to produce its extension, which also produces the emptying of the first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) of the preceding group and the drive of the hydraulic machine (7).
El funcionamiento está regulado por las electroválvulas (9, 12, 15, 18, 20) que gobiernan los flujos de fluido hidráulico, disponiendo de una unidad de control (60) de accionamiento secuencial programado de las mismas. The operation is regulated by the solenoid valves (9, 12, 15, 18, 20) that govern the hydraulic fluid flows, having a control unit (60) for programmed sequential actuation thereof.
El primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) y el segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) se encuentran montados en una estructura (5a, 5b, 5c) elevable, encontrándose el tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) relacionando mecánicamente cada estructura (5a, 5b, 5c) elevable con un apoyo fijo (6). Los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c) son idealmente verticales, mientras que las estructuras (5a, 5b, 5c) pueden discurrir por guías, no representadas para determinar su recorrido vertical. Aunque el motor (1 ) en su realización más básica comprende tres grupos (2, 3, 4) de tres cilindros (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) como es el caso del presente ejemplo no limitativo de la invención, se ha previsto que pueda comprender una pluralidad de conjuntos de tres grupos (2, 3, 4) de tres cilindros (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c), cada uno de dichos conjuntos desfasados secuencialmente de los demás de forma que se consigue una curva más estable de empuje sobre la máquina hidráulica (7) cuantos más conjuntos se implementen. The first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) and the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group (2, 3, 4) are mounted on a lifting structure (5a, 5b, 5c), the third cylinder being located (2c, 3c, 4c) of each group (2, 3, 4) mechanically relating each lifting structure (5a, 5b, 5c) to a fixed support (6). The third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) are ideally vertical, while the structures (5a, 5b, 5c) can run through guides, not shown to determine their vertical travel. Although the engine (1) in its most basic embodiment comprises three groups (2, 3, 4) of three cylinders (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) as is the case of the present example not limiting the invention, it is envisioned that it may comprise a plurality of sets of three groups (2, 3, 4) of three cylinders (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c), each one of said assemblies sequentially offset from the others so that a more stable thrust curve is achieved on the hydraulic machine (7) the more assemblies are implemented.
Los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c) de todos los grupos tienen la misma capacidad, ya que hay un trasvase directo de fluido hidráulico entre los mismos, mientras que los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) de todos los grupos tienen igualmente la misma capacidad entre sí, la cual es sensiblemente mayor que la capacidad de los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y de los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c), teniendo en cuenta que las diferencias de peso existentes en cada momento en estos primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) son las que van a accionar la máquina hidráulica y recargar los demás cilindros. Por dicha razón la capacidad de estos primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) idealmente podría ser, al menos, el doble, o múltiplos mucho mayores, que la de los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y de los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c). Los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) tienen la misma carrera que los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y dirigida en sentido opuesto, ya que van a ser accionados por éstos. Por su parte, siendo iguales las capacidades de los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y de los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c), sus características de diámetro y carrera pueden ser diferentes, obteniendo un efecto multiplicador. Por ejemplo, si la relación de diámetros entre segundos y terceros cilindros es de 4 a 1 , se cuadruplicaría la fuerza recibida en los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c). Igualmente se ha previsto la posible intercalación de multiplicadores específicos a base de cilindros adicionales de diámetros y carreras diferentes, no representados, dispuestos entre el escape (19) de cada tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) y el acceso (21 ) al segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) del grupo precedente. De esta forma, además, se pueden seleccionar las carreras más convenientes para los diferentes cilindros. The second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) of all the groups have the same capacity, since there is a direct transfer of hydraulic fluid between them, while the first cylinders (2a , 3rd, 4th) of all groups also have the same capacity as each other, which is significantly greater than the capacity of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and of the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c), taking into account that the weight differences existing in each moment in these first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) are what will drive the hydraulic machine and recharge the other cylinders. For this reason the capacity of these first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) could ideally be at least twice, or multiples much larger, than that of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and of the third cylinders ( 2c, 3c, 4c). The first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) have the same stroke as the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and run in the opposite direction, since they will be driven by them. On the other hand, the capacities of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) being equal, their diameter and stroke characteristics can be different, obtaining a multiplier effect. For example, if the ratio of diameters between seconds and third cylinders is 4 to 1, the force received in the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) would be quadrupled. It is also planned the possible interleaving of specific multipliers based on additional cylinders of different diameters and races, not shown, arranged between the exhaust (19) of each third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) and access (21) to the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of the preceding group. In this way, in addition, the most convenient races for the different cylinders can be selected.
Si se precisa, se ha previsto que dentro de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) de cilindros se pueda incluir un cilindro duplicado de menor capacidad, no representado, de cada cilindro original (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c), para mantener los valores de presión. Como el primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) tiene un diámetro muy grande y no puede tener mucha carrera porque si no el segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) que le empuja (y por tanto el tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) que suministra a este segundo cilindro) sería demasiado largo, estos cilindros duplicados se encargan de mantener valores de presión suficiente. De esta forma se materializarían dos circuitos: uno para caudal y otro para presión, que se juntarían -intercalando válvulas antirretorno en ambos- en un colector, no representado antes de la máquina hidráulica (7) y se volverían a separar justo después. If required, it is envisaged that within each group (2, 3, 4) of cylinders a duplicate cylinder of smaller capacity, not shown, of each original cylinder (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c) can be included , 4a, 4b, 4c), to maintain pressure values. As the first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) of each group (2, 3, 4) has a very large diameter and can not have much stroke because if not the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) that pushes (and therefore the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) that supplies this second cylinder) would be too long, these duplicate cylinders are responsible for maintaining sufficient pressure values. In this way, two circuits would materialize: one for flow and one for pressure, which would be joined - by inserting non-return valves in both - in a manifold, not shown before the hydraulic machine (7) and separated again just after.
La invención también ha previsto la disposición de un circuito de compensación (22), que se encuentra conectado a los cuartos conductos (34) de comunicación entre las salidas de los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y las admisiones de los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) de cada grupo, comprendiendo dicho circuito de compensación (22) un calderín (23) presurizado para absorber sobrepresiones y recuperar energía. En estos casos se ha previsto que el segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) de cada grupo pueda comprender un émbolo de doble efecto, encontrándose alimentado en retracción desde el calderín (23) presurizado a través de sextos conductos (36) y sextas electroválvulas (24) gobernadas secuencialmente por la unidad de control (60). De esta forma se puede aprovechar la energía residual acumulada en el calderín (23) para retraer los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b), ayudando a llenar simultáneamente los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) correspondientes. The invention has also provided for the provision of a compensation circuit (22), which is connected to the fourth communication conduits (34) between the outputs of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the admissions of the first cylinders (2nd, 3rd, 4th) of each group, said compensation circuit (22) comprising a pressurized boiler (23) to absorb overpressures and recover energy. In these cases, it is envisioned that the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group may comprise a double-acting piston, being fed in retraction from the pressurized boiler (23) through sixths conduits (36) and sixth solenoid valves (24) governed sequentially by the control unit (60). In this way, the residual energy accumulated in the boiler (23) can be used to retract the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b), helping to simultaneously fill the corresponding first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a).
El circuito de compensación (22) puede estar adicionalmente conectado al retorno (10) de los primeros conductos (31 ) de impulsión a través de séptimos conductos (37) con séptimas electroválvulas (27) gobernadas secuencialmente por la unidad de control (60), de forma que se pueda recuperar o proporcionar energía sobrante o puntualmente necesaria en el retorno, pudiendo monitorizarse las presiones existentes en cada momento en las partes principales del motor mediante sensores de presión, no representados, conectados a la unidad de control (60). The compensation circuit (22) can be additionally connected to the return (10) of the first supply ducts (31) through seventh ducts (37) with seventh solenoid valves (27) governed sequentially by the control unit (60), in such a way that excess or punctual energy can be recovered or provided in the return, being able to monitor the pressures existing at all times in the main parts of the engine by means of pressure sensors, not shown, connected to the control unit (60).
También se ha previsto la disposición de un iniciador de precarga del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) de, al menos, uno de los grupos (2, 3, 4), para iniciar el motor (1 ) desde parado si no hay suficiente precarga en ninguno de dichos terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c). Dicho iniciador comprende por ejemplo un elevador mecánico (25) externo de la estructura (5a, 5b, 5c) elevable de, al menos, uno de los grupos (2, 3, 4) y/o unos octavos conductos (38) con octavas electroválvulas (26) de conexión directa del primer conducto (31 ) de impulsión de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) con el retorno (10) hacia la entrada (14) del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) del grupo precedente y a continuación a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) del grupo, configurando una derivación en paralelo que puentea a la máquina hidráulica (7), de forma que no habrá pérdidas por carga aplicada a la misma. Dicha máquina hidráulica (7) comprende idealmente una bomba de engranajes, que puede estar en cualquier ubicación, ya que la energía hidráulica le llega a través de los conductos o latiguillos de los circuitos de impulsión The provision of a preload initiator of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of at least one of the groups (2, 3, 4) is also provided for starting the engine (1) from standstill if there is no sufficient preload in any of said third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c). Said initiator comprises, for example, an external mechanical elevator (25) of the elevating structure (5a, 5b, 5c) of at least one of the groups (2, 3, 4) and / or about eighth ducts (38) with octaves solenoid valves (26) for direct connection of the first supply duct (31) of each group (2, 3, 4) with the return (10) to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of the preceding group and then to the admission (16) of the first cylinder (2nd, 3rd, 4th) of the group, configuring a parallel branch that bridges the hydraulic machine (7), so that there will be no load losses applied to it. Said hydraulic machine (7) ideally comprises a gear pump, which can be in any location, since the hydraulic energy reaches it through the conduits or hoses of the drive circuits
Por último, se ha previsto que el motor (1 ) adicionalmente comprenda elementos de refrigeración y/o filtrado de los fluidos hidráulicos. Finally, it is provided that the motor (1) additionally comprises cooling and / or filtering elements of the hydraulic fluids.
En cuanto al procedimiento de la invención, comprende las etapas de: As for the process of the invention, it comprises the steps of:
-(ver fig 2a) accionar en extensión un segundo cilindro (2b) perteneciente a un primer grupo (2) de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión de un tercer cilindro (3c) de igual capacidad perteneciente a un segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso de un primer cilindro (3a) de mayor capacidad perteneciente igualmente a dicho segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, que se encuentra lleno y sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro (3c) del segundo grupo (3) de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro (2b) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros el vaciado de un primer cilindro (2a) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros, de capacidad igual a la del primer cilindro (3a) del segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, impulsando una máquina hidráulica (7); y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada (14) de un tercer cilindro (4c) perteneciente a un tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, de capacidad igual a la del tercer cilindro (3c) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, para elevación de otro primer cilindro (4a) perteneciente a dicho tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, de igual capacidad que los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a) del primer y segundo grupos (2, 3) de cilindros, que se encuentra vacío, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro (4c) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (4a) vacío perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros y de igual capacidad que los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a) del primer y segundo grupos (2, 3) de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro (4a) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros desde un circuito de compensación (22) presurizado, - (see fig 2a) drive a second cylinder (2b) belonging to a first group (2) of cylinders by emptying and compressing a third cylinder (3c) of equal capacity belonging to a second group (3) of cylinders , actuated in emptying by the weight of a first cylinder (3a) of greater capacity also belonging to said second group (3) of cylinders, which is filled and supported descendingly by said third cylinder (3c) of the second group (3) of cylinders; simultaneously, said second cylinder (2b) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders driving the emptying of a first cylinder (2a) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders, with a capacity equal to that of the first cylinder (3a) of the second group (3) of cylinders, driving a hydraulic machine (7); and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the inlet (14) of a third cylinder (4c) belonging to a third group (4) of cylinders, with a capacity equal to that of the third cylinder (3c) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders, for lifting another first cylinder (4a) belonging to said third group (4) of cylinders, of the same capacity as the first cylinders (2a, 3a) of the first and second groups (2, 3) of cylinders , which is empty, and once said third cylinder (4c) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders is filled, deriving the return of the intake drive (16) from the first empty cylinder (4a) belonging to the third group ( 4) of cylinders and of the same capacity as the first cylinders (2nd, 3rd) of the first and second groups (2, 3) of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder (4a) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders from a pressurized compensation circuit (22),
-(ver fig 2b) accionar en extensión un segundo cilindro (3b) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión del tercer cilindro (4c) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso del primer cilindro (4a), previamente lleno, perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros y, que se encuentra sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro (4c) del tercer grupo (4) de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro (3b) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros el vaciado del primer cilindro (3a) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, impulsando la máquina hidráulica (7); y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada (14) del tercer cilindro (2c) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros para elevación del primer cilindro (2a) previamente vaciado perteneciente a dicho primer grupo (2) de cilindros, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro (2c) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (2a) vacío perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro (2a) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros desde el circuito de compensación (22) presurizado, - (see fig 2b) drive in extension a second cylinder (3b) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders by emptying and compression of the third cylinder (4c) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders, driven in emptying by the weight of the first cylinder (4a), previously filled, belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders and, which is supported descendingly by said third cylinder (4c) of the third group (4) of cylinders; simultaneously, said second cylinder (3b) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders driving the emptying of the first cylinder (3a) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders, driving the hydraulic machine (7); and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (2c) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders for lifting the first cylinder (2a) previously emptied belonging to said first group (2) of cylinders, and once said third cylinder (2c) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders is filled, deriving the return of the intake drive (16) from the first empty cylinder (2a) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder (2a) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders from the pressurized compensation circuit (22),
-(ver fig 2c) accionar en extensión el segundo cilindro (4b) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión del tercer cilindro (2c) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso del primer cilindro (2a), previamente lleno, perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros y, que se encuentra sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro (2c) del primer grupo (2) de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro (4b) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros el vaciado del primer cilindro (4a) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, impulsando la máquina hidráulica (7); y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada (14) del tercer cilindro (3c) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros para elevación del primer cilindro (3a) previamente vaciado perteneciente a dicho segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro (3c) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (3a) vacío perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro (3a) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros desde el circuito de compensación (22) presurizado, y - (see fig 2c) drive in extension the second cylinder (4b) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders by emptying and compressing the third cylinder (2c) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders, driven in emptying by the weight of the first cylinder (2a), previously filled, belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders and, which is supported descendingly by said third cylinder (2c) of the first group (2) of cylinders; simultaneously, said second cylinder (4b) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders driving the emptying of the first cylinder (4a) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders, driving the hydraulic machine (7); and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (3c) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders for lifting the first cylinder (3a) previously emptied belonging to said second group (3) of cylinders, and once said third cylinder (3c) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders is filled, deriving the return of the intake drive (16) from the first empty cylinder (3a) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder (3a) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders from the pressurized compensation circuit (22), and
-repetir sucesivamente los pasos anteriores. -repeat successively the previous steps.
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la invención, así como la manera de realizarse en la práctica, debe hacerse constar que las disposiciones anteriormente indicadas y representadas en los dibujos adjuntos son susceptibles de modificaciones de detalle en cuanto no alteren el principio fundamental. Sufficiently described the nature of the invention, as well as the manner in which it is carried out in practice, it should be noted that the provisions indicated above and represented in the attached drawings are subject to modifications in detail as long as they do not alter the fundamental principle.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES 1 .-Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados caracterizado porque comprende, al menos, tres grupos (2, 3, 4) iguales de tres cilindros (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) cada grupo; donde cada grupo (2, 3, 4) comprende un primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) de impulsión y un segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) acoplado mecánicamente al primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) correspondiente, y que se encuentran montados elevablemente a través del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) del grupo (2, 3, 4) correspondiente; encontrándose las expulsiones (1 1 ) de los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) conectadas a una máquina hidráulica (7), y encontrándose los retornos (10) desde la máquina hidráulica (7) conectados en primer lugar a la entrada (14) del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) del grupo precedente y a continuación a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) del grupo precedente; encontrándose conectada la salida (17) del segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) del mismo grupo, y encontrándose conectado el escape (19) del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) al acceso (21 ) del segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) del grupo precedente; disponiendo de una unidad de control (60) de accionamiento secuencial programado de unas electroválvulas (9, 12, 15, 18, 20) que gobiernan los flujos de fluido hidráulico. CLAIMS 1.-Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) characterized in that it comprises at least three equal groups (2, 3, 4) of three cylinders (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c ) each group; where each group (2, 3, 4) comprises a first drive cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) and a second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) mechanically coupled to the corresponding first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a), and which they are mounted elevably through the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of the corresponding group (2, 3, 4); the expulsions (1 1) of the first cylinders (2nd, 3rd, 4th) of each group (2, 3, 4) connected to a hydraulic machine (7) being found, and the returns (10) from the hydraulic machine (7) ) connected first to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of the preceding group and then to the intake (16) of the first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) of the preceding group; the outlet (17) of the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group (2, 3, 4) being connected to the intake (16) of the first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) of the same group, and being connected the exhaust (19) of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of each group (2, 3, 4) to the access (21) of the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of the preceding group; having a control unit (60) of programmed sequential actuation of solenoid valves (9, 12, 15, 18, 20) that govern the hydraulic fluid flows.
2. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) y el segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) se encuentran montados en una estructura (5a, 5b, 5c) elevable, encontrándose el tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) relacionando mecánicamente cada estructura (5a, 5b, 5c) elevable con un apoyo fijo (6). 2. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to claim 1 characterized in that the first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) and the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group (2, 3, 4) are mounted in a structure (5a, 5b, 5c) elevable, the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of each group (2, 3, 4) being found mechanically relating each structure (5a, 5b, 5c) elevable with a fixed support ( 6).
3. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque comprende una pluralidad de conjuntos de tres grupos (2, 3, 4) de tres cilindros (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c), cada uno de dichos conjuntos desfasados secuencialmente de los demás. 3. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a plurality of sets of three groups (2, 3, 4) of three cylinders (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c), each of said sets sequentially offset from the others.
4. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c) de todos los grupos tienen la misma capacidad. 4. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) of all the groups have the same capacity.
5. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según reivindicación 4 caracterizado porque los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c) tienen diferentes características de diámetro y carrera. 5. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to claim 4 characterized in that the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c) have different diameter and stroke characteristics.
6.-Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque comprende multiplicadores a base de cilindros adicionales de diámetros y carreras diferentes dispuestos entre el escape (19) de cada tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) y el acceso (21 ) al segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) del grupo precedente. 6.-Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises multipliers based on additional cylinders of different diameters and strokes arranged between the exhaust (19) of each third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) and access (21) to the second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of the preceding group.
7.-Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) de todos los grupos tienen la misma capacidad, la cual es sensiblemente mayor que la capacidad de los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y de los terceros cilindros (2c, 3c, 4c); teniendo los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) la misma carrera que los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y dirigida en sentido opuesto. 7.-Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the first cylinders (2nd, 3rd, 4th) of all the groups have the same capacity, which is substantially greater than the capacity of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and of the third cylinders (2c, 3c, 4c); having the first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) the same stroke as the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and directed in the opposite direction.
8. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque cada grupo de cilindros comprende un cilindro duplicado, de menor capacidad, de cada cilindro original, materializando un circuito de caudal mediante los cilindros originales (2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) y un circuito de presión mediante los cilindros duplicados de menor capacidad; juntándose dichos dos circuitos antes de la máquina hidráulica (7) y separándose después. 8. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that each group of cylinders comprises a duplicate cylinder, of smaller capacity, of each original cylinder, materializing a flow circuit by means of the original cylinders (2a, 2b , 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c) and a pressure circuit using duplicate cylinders of smaller capacity; said two circuits joining before the hydraulic machine (7) and then separating.
9. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque comprende un circuito de compensación (22) que se encuentra conectado a unos cuartos conductos (34) de comunicación entre las salidas (17) de los segundos cilindros (2b, 3b, 4b) y las admisiones (16) de los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a, 4a) de cada grupo, comprendiendo dicho circuito de compensación (22) un calderín (23) presurizado para absorber sobrepresiones y recuperar energía. 9. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises a compensation circuit (22) that is connected to a fourth communication conduits (34) between the outputs (17) of the second cylinders (2b, 3b, 4b) and the admissions (16) of the first cylinders (2a, 3a, 4a) of each group, said compensation circuit (22) comprising a pressurized boiler (23) to absorb overpressures and recover energy.
10.-Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según reivindicación 9 caracterizado porque el segundo cilindro (2b, 3b, 4b) de cada grupo comprende un émbolo de doble efecto, encontrándose alimentado en retracción desde el calderín (23) presurizado de acuerdo a las instrucciones de la unidad de control (60). 10.-Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to claim 9 characterized in that the Second cylinder (2b, 3b, 4b) of each group comprises a double acting piston, being fed in retraction from the pressurized boiler (23) according to the instructions of the control unit (60).
1 1 . -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 o 10 caracterizado porque el circuito de compensación (22) se encuentra adicionalmente conectado al retorno (10) de los primeros conductos (31 ) de impulsión de acuerdo a las instrucciones de la unidad de control (60). eleven . - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the compensation circuit (22) is additionally connected to the return (10) of the first impulse ducts (31) according to the instructions of the control unit (60).
12.-Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque comprende un iniciador de precarga del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) de, al menos, uno de los grupos (2, 3, 4). 12.-Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a preload initiator of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of at least one of the groups (2, 3, 4) .
13. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según reivindicación 12 caracterizado porque el iniciador comprende un elevador mecánico (25) externo de la estructura (5a, 5b, 5c) elevable de, al menos, uno de los grupos (2, 3, 4). 13. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to claim 12 characterized in that the initiator comprises an external mechanical elevator (25) of the structure (5a, 5b, 5c) liftable from at least one of the groups (2, 3 , 4).
14. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 12 o 13 caracterizado porque el iniciador comprende la conexión directa del primer conducto (31 ) de impulsión de cada grupo (2, 3, 4) con el retorno (10) hacia la entrada (14) del tercer cilindro (2c, 3c, 4c) del grupo precedente y a continuación a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (2a, 3a, 4a) del grupo. 14. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the initiator comprises the direct connection of the first drive duct (31) of each group (2, 3, 4) with the return (10 ) towards the entrance (14) of the third cylinder (2c, 3c, 4c) of the preceding group and then to the admission (16) of the first cylinder (2a, 3a, 4a) of the group.
15. -Motor (1 ) hidráulico de ciclos combinados según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores caracterizado porque la máquina hidráulica (7) comprende una bomba de engranajes. 15. - Combined cycle hydraulic motor (1) according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the hydraulic machine (7) comprises a gear pump.
16. -Procedimiento para motor hidráulico de ciclos combinados según reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque comprende las etapas de: 16. -Procedure for combined cycle hydraulic motor according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
-accionar en extensión un segundo cilindro (2b) perteneciente a un primer grupo (2) de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión de un tercer cilindro (3c) de igual capacidad perteneciente a un segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso de un primer cilindro (3a) de mayor capacidad perteneciente igualmente a dicho segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, que se encuentra lleno y sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro (3c) del segundo grupo (3) de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro (2b) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros el vaciado de un primer cilindro (2a) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros, de capacidad igual a la del primer cilindro (3a) del segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, impulsando una máquina hidráulica (7); y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada (14) de un tercer cilindro (4c) perteneciente a un tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, de capacidad igual a la del tercer cilindro (3c) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, para elevación de otro primer cilindro (4a) perteneciente a dicho tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, de igual capacidad que los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a) del primer y segundo grupos (2, 3) de cilindros, que se encuentra vacío, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro (4c) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (4a) vacío perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros y de igual capacidad que los primeros cilindros (2a, 3a) del primer y segundo grupos (2, 3) de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro (4a) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros desde un circuito de compensación (22) presurizado, -activate in extension a second cylinder (2b) belonging to a first group (2) of cylinders by emptying and compression of a third cylinder (3c) of equal capacity belonging to a second group (3) of cylinders, driven in emptying by the weight of a first cylinder (3a) of greater capacity also belonging to said second group (3) of cylinders, which is filled and supported descendingly by said third cylinder (3c) of the second group (3) of cylinders; simultaneously operating said second cylinder (2b) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders the emptying of a first cylinder (2a) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders, of capacity equal to that of the first cylinder (3a) of the second group (3) of cylinders, driving a machine hydraulic (7); and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the inlet (14) of a third cylinder (4c) belonging to a third group (4) of cylinders, with a capacity equal to that of the third cylinder (3c) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders, for lifting another first cylinder (4a) belonging to said third group (4) of cylinders, of the same capacity as the first cylinders (2a, 3a) of the first and second groups (2, 3) of cylinders , which is empty, and once said third cylinder (4c) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders is filled, deriving the return of the intake drive (16) from the first empty cylinder (4a) belonging to the third group ( 4) of cylinders and of the same capacity as the first cylinders (2nd, 3rd) of the first and second groups (2, 3) of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder (4a) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders from a pressurized compensation circuit (22),
-accionar en extensión un segundo cilindro (3b) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión del tercer cilindro (4c) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso del primer cilindro (4a), previamente lleno, perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros y, que se encuentra sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro (4c) del tercer grupo (4) de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro (3b) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros el vaciado del primer cilindro (3a) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, impulsando la máquina hidráulica (7); y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada (14) del tercer cilindro (2c) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros para elevación del primer cilindro (2a) previamente vaciado perteneciente a dicho primer grupo (2) de cilindros, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro (2c) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (2a) vacío perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro (2a) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros desde el circuito de compensación (22) presurizado, -activate in extension a second cylinder (3b) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders by emptying and compression of the third cylinder (4c) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders, driven in emptying by the weight of the first cylinder ( 4a), previously filled, belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders and, which is supported descendingly by said third cylinder (4c) of the third group (4) of cylinders; simultaneously, said second cylinder (3b) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders driving the emptying of the first cylinder (3a) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders, driving the hydraulic machine (7); and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (2c) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders for lifting the first cylinder (2a) previously emptied belonging to said first group (2) of cylinders, and once said third cylinder (2c) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders is filled, deriving the return of the intake drive (16) from the first empty cylinder (2a) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder (2a) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders from the pressurized compensation circuit (22),
-accionar en extensión el segundo cilindro (4b) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros por el vaciado y compresión del tercer cilindro (2c) perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros, accionado en vaciado por el peso del primer cilindro (2a), previamente lleno, perteneciente al primer grupo (2) de cilindros y, que se encuentra sustentado descendentemente por dicho tercer cilindro (2c) del primer grupo (2) de cilindros; simultáneamente accionando dicho segundo cilindro (4b) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros el vaciado del primer cilindro (4a) perteneciente al tercer grupo (4) de cilindros, impulsando la máquina hidráulica (7); y simultáneamente derivando el retorno de la impulsión en primer lugar a la entrada (14) del tercer cilindro (3c) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros para elevación del primer cilindro (3a) previamente vaciado perteneciente a dicho segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, y una vez lleno dicho tercer cilindro (3c) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros, derivando el retorno de la impulsión a la admisión (16) del primer cilindro (3a) vacío perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros; y una vez agotado el retorno, suplementar el llenado del primer cilindro (3a) perteneciente al segundo grupo (3) de cilindros desde el circuito de compensación (22) presurizado, y -activate in extension the second cylinder (4b) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders by emptying and compression of the third cylinder (2c) belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders, driven in emptying by the weight of the first cylinder ( 2a), previously filled, belonging to the first group (2) of cylinders and, which is supported descendingly by said third cylinder (2c) of the first group (2) of cylinders; simultaneously, said second cylinder (4b) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders driving the emptying of the first cylinder (4a) belonging to the third group (4) of cylinders, driving the hydraulic machine (7); and simultaneously deriving the return of the drive first to the inlet (14) of the third cylinder (3c) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders for lifting the first cylinder (3a) previously emptied belonging to said second group (3) of cylinders, and once said third cylinder (3c) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders is filled, deriving the return of the intake drive (16) from the first empty cylinder (3a) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders; and once the return is exhausted, supplement the filling of the first cylinder (3a) belonging to the second group (3) of cylinders from the pressurized compensation circuit (22), and
-repetir sucesivamente las etapas anteriores. -repeat successively the previous stages.
PCT/ES2016/070444 2015-06-19 2016-06-13 Combined cycle hydraulic motor and method for said motor WO2016203079A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019203761A3 (en) * 2018-03-20 2020-01-09 Yilmaz Ilknur A new struture in centers with variable number of cylinders used for power generation systems using hydromotor

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US3028727A (en) * 1959-04-21 1962-04-10 Anston George Gravitational power generator
DE19624750A1 (en) * 1996-06-21 1998-01-02 Schwarz Dieter Liquid circulation maintainable by renewable energy source e.g. for storage of electricity
EP1850000A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-10-31 Johann Buchta Hydro-electric plant with increased electrical output
ES2333999A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2010-03-03 Jose Luis Domingo De Arribas New hydraulic system for the generation of electrical energy by gravity (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3028727A (en) * 1959-04-21 1962-04-10 Anston George Gravitational power generator
DE19624750A1 (en) * 1996-06-21 1998-01-02 Schwarz Dieter Liquid circulation maintainable by renewable energy source e.g. for storage of electricity
EP1850000A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-10-31 Johann Buchta Hydro-electric plant with increased electrical output
ES2333999A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2010-03-03 Jose Luis Domingo De Arribas New hydraulic system for the generation of electrical energy by gravity (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019203761A3 (en) * 2018-03-20 2020-01-09 Yilmaz Ilknur A new struture in centers with variable number of cylinders used for power generation systems using hydromotor

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