Kozhikode (Calicut), Kerala
Kozhikode, commonly known as Calicut, is a vibrant city located on the southwest coast of India in the state of Kerala. It holds a significant place in the history of the region and has played a crucial role in shaping the cultural, economic, and political landscape of Kerala. This comprehensive guide explores the A-Z details of Kozhikode, encompassing its history, geography, culture, attractions, and much more.
History
Kozhikode has a rich historical legacy that dates back to ancient times. It was a major trade hub during the medieval period, attracting merchants from various parts of the world. The city’s historical importance is evident from its mention in historical texts and maps, including the accounts of renowned travelers like Ibn Battuta.
The Zamorin of Calicut, a title held by the monarchs of the region, played a crucial role in shaping the destiny of Kozhikode. The city became a prominent center for the spice trade, drawing traders from Europe, the Middle East, and beyond. The Zamorin’s patronage of arts and culture further contributed to the city’s prosperity.
Geography
Kozhikode is strategically situated on the Malabar Coast, bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west. The city is characterized by its serene beaches, lush greenery, and the picturesque Western Ghats in the east. The Kallai River, which flows through the city, adds to its scenic beauty. The geographical diversity of Kozhikode makes it a sought-after destination for both nature enthusiasts and history buffs.
Culture and Traditions
Malabar Cuisine
Kozhikode is renowned for its distinctive cuisine, often referred to as Malabar cuisine. The city is a food lover’s paradise, offering a delightful array of dishes that showcase a unique blend of flavors. From the iconic Kozhikode biryani to the delectable Malabar porotta and seafood delicacies, the local cuisine reflects the rich cultural heritage of the region.
Art and Literature
The cultural tapestry of Kozhikode is woven with threads of art and literature. The city has been a nurturing ground for various art forms, including traditional dance forms like Theyyam and Kathakali. Kozhikode has also produced eminent literary figures, contributing significantly to Malayalam literature.
Best Time to Visit Kozhikode
The best time to visit Kozhikode is during the winter months, from October to March. The weather during this period is pleasantly cool, making it ideal for exploring the city’s attractions and enjoying outdoor activities. The monsoon season, from June to September, brings heavy rainfall, which may limit outdoor adventures but enhances the greenery of the surroundings. The summer months, from April to June, can be hot and humid, making it less favorable for tourism. Therefore, planning a trip to Kozhikode during the winter season ensures a comfortable and enjoyable experience.
Tourist Attractions
Kappad Beach: Kappad Beach holds historical significance as the place where the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama landed in 1498. The beach offers a serene environment, making it a popular spot for both tourists and locals. The historic rock, locally known as ‘Pandiyan Kallu,’ adds to the charm of this picturesque beach.
Beypore : Beypore, located south of Kozhikode, is famous for its ancient shipbuilding industry. The craftsmanship of the local artisans is evident in the making of traditional wooden boats known as ‘urus.’ Visitors can explore the shipbuilding yard and witness the artistry involved in crafting these vessels.
Thusharagiri Waterfalls: For nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts, Thusharagiri Waterfalls is a must-visit destination. Surrounded by lush greenery, this waterfall is part of the Chalippuzha River and offers opportunities for trekking and rock climbing.
Mananchira Square: Mananchira Square, a centrally located park, is a popular recreational spot. The square is surrounded by historical structures, including the Mananchira Tank, which was built by the Zamorin. The musical fountain and the well-maintained gardens make it an ideal place to unwind.
- Beypore Beach
- Canolly / Canoli Canal
- Kadalundi bird sanctuary
- Kakkayam
- Kappad Beach
- Kozhikode Beach
- Kozhippara Falls
- Krishna Menon Museum
- Lion’s Park
- Matri Dei Cathedral
- Mishkal Mosque
- Pazhassiraja Museum
- Peruvannamuzhi Dam
- Tali Temple
- Thikkoti Light House
- Thusharagiri Waterfall
- Vellarimala
Economic Significance
Trade and Commerce
Kozhikode has maintained its historical significance as a trade center. The city is a hub for the export of spices, especially black pepper and cardamom. The Beypore port, although not as bustling as it once was, continues to contribute to the region’s trade activities.
Information Technology
In recent years, Kozhikode has also witnessed growth in the information technology sector. The city is home to several IT companies and educational institutions, making it a center for technology and innovation in Kerala.
Education and Healthcare
Kozhikode boasts a robust education and healthcare infrastructure. The city is home to prestigious educational institutions, including the University of Calicut, which has made significant contributions to higher education in Kerala. The medical facilities in Kozhikode are well-developed, with leading hospitals providing quality healthcare services.
Getting There
By Air
Kozhikode is well-connected by air, with the Calicut International Airport serving as the primary gateway. The airport operates domestic and international flights, connecting Kozhikode to major cities in India and the Middle East. From the airport, taxis and buses are readily available for convenient transportation to various parts of the city.
| Airport | Distance |
|---|---|
| (CCJ) Calicut International Airport | 27 km |
| (COK) Cochin International Airport | 177 km |
| (MYQ) Mysore Airport | 198 km |
| (CJB) Coimbatore International Airport | 192 km |
By Rail
The Kozhikode Railway Station is a major railway junction in Kerala, with trains connecting the city to different parts of the country. The railway station is centrally located, facilitating easy access to hotels and other attractions. Trains from major cities like Mumbai, Chennai, and Bangalore regularly ply to and from Kozhikode.
| Station | Distance |
|---|---|
| (CLT)KOZHIKODE | 2 Kms |
| (FK)FEROK | 11 Kms |
| (QLD)QUILANDI | 23 Kms |
By Road
An extensive network of roads connects Kozhikode to neighboring cities and states. National Highway 66 passes through the city, providing a well-maintained road for those traveling by car or bus. State-run and private buses operate regular services to and from Kozhikode, offering an affordable and convenient mode of transportation.
Festivals and Events
Kozhikode celebrates a variety of festivals with great fervor. The Malabar Mahotsavam, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the region, is a major event that attracts both locals and tourists. The city comes alive with traditional music, dance, and art during these festivities.
Hotels and Accommodation
Kozhikode offers a range of accommodation options to suit every budget and preference. From luxury resorts to budget-friendly guesthouses, the city caters to the diverse needs of travelers. Some prominent hotels include:
- Marina Residency
- Emarald Ayurvedic Resort Silent
- Hotel Malabar Gate
- Paramount Tower
- Westway Hotel Calicut
- The Gateway Hotel Beach Road
- Monad Hotel
- Believe Inn – Kadavu Resort
- Vasco Dagama Beach Resort
- Tamarind Kondotty
- Hotel Pookodans International
- Hotel Grace Residency
- Grass Roots
- Tamarind Nilambur
- Planet Green Plantation Resort
Nearby Attractions
- Wayanad: Approximately 85 kilometers from Kozhikode, Wayanad is a lush green district known for its wildlife sanctuaries, tea estates, and picturesque landscapes. Chembra Peak and Edakkal Caves are among the must-visit attractions.
- Thali Temple: Dedicated to Lord Shiva, Thali Temple is an ancient temple known for its unique architecture and spiritual significance. It’s located in the heart of Kozhikode and provides insight into the city’s historical roots.
- Beypore: Known for its shipbuilding industry, Beypore is a short distance from Kozhikode and offers a glimpse into the traditional craftsmanship of boat making. The Beypore Beach is also a serene spot for relaxation.
- Kakkayam Dam: Ideal for nature lovers, Kakkayam Dam is surrounded by lush greenery and offers opportunities for trekking and adventure activities. It’s about 50 kilometers from Kozhikode.
- Pazhassiraja Museum and Art Gallery: This museum, located in East Hill, Kozhikode, is named after Pazhassiraja Kerala Varma, a local warrior. It houses artifacts and memorabilia from the region’s history.
More about Kozhikode : Wikipedia
