The Nissan Skyline GT-R R3), released in 1989, was developed as a base machine for Group-A races. Taking full advantage of its powerful 2.6l, 6-cylinder, twin turbo engine, it was equipped with a 4WD system. Originally designated as R32, the car was termed R33 in 1995 and R34 in 1999. In October 2000, the Skyline underwent minor changes such as the addition of large rear brakes to upgrade performance further. This new evolution was called the V-spec II. The most drastic alteration was the replacement of the aluminum hood with a new carbon hood featuring a NACA duct. The carbon pattern of the hood would stand out even when painted the same color as the car body. Both inside and outside surfaces of the hood were designed using RTM, a new construction method yeilding smooth surfaces.