SANJOG - International Year of Sanitation, 2008

SANJOG 

International Year of Sanitation 2008 

Rural Development Department 

Government of Orissa

Sanjog 


© Rural Development Department, 2008 

Published under the authority of 

Rural Development Department, 

Government of Orissa 

Printed at: Third Eye Communications, Bhubaneswar. 

Phone: 0674 2556271, e-mail: thirdeye_india@yahoo.com

Message 

Preface 

CONTENT 

International Year of Sanitation-2008 19 

Plan of action, State, District, Block and GP level during IYS 2008 21 

State level activities chart IYS- 2008 23 

Total Sanitation Campaign in Orissa: A Snapshot 24 

Toll Free Sanjog Helpline: Grievance Management for 27 

Rural Water Supply & Sanitation 

Case Study: Sanitation 

i. Touching People: Maguna’s Smile 30 

ii. Spreading it’s arms: Dasabhuja from sanitation to conflict resolution 31 

iii. Thinking Big and Bold: PURA in Gobara 33 

iv. Samai- Sentinel of Sanitation 35 

Articles on Water and Sanitation: 

i. Promoting Sanitation and hygiene through schools– 36 

strategy for the international Year of Sanitation, 2008 

Dr. B.B. Samanta 

ii. Women’s participation in total sanitation campaign- 40 

The Orissa Experience Ms. Lopamudra Tripathy 

iii. Why are we celebrating 2008 as the 43 

International Year of Sanitation? Mr. Aiden Cronin 

Rural Water Supply Project Photographs 48 

Media and TSC: 61 

i. Articles published in different oriya daily news paper 

ii. Collage of news items 

Annexure 1: Year wise GP intervention plan 65 

Annexure 2: List of Parimal Mitra Awardees 66 

Annexure 3: List of Best JEs on Jaldhara 67 

Annexure 4: Status of Individual Household Lartine 68 

Annexure 5: Status of School and Anganwadi Toilet 69 

Annexure 6: Financial Progress under TSC 70 

Annexure 7: List of Pipe Water Supply Schemes Completed during 2007-08 71 

Annexure 8: Telephone Numbers 82

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“The cause of many of our diseases 

is the condition of our lavatories and our bad habit 

of disposing of excreta anywhere 

and everywhere” 

- Mahatma Gandhi 

Rural Development Department


MESSAGE 

I am glad to know that Rural Development, Health & Family Welfare, Women & Child Development, 

Panchayati Raj and School & Mass Education Departments, Government of Orissa in convergence are 

launching a special convergent mass campaign from June 18 to November 11,2008 on the International 

Year of Sanitation to create an open defecation free as well as a clean and healthy Orissa. A souvenir is 

also being published to mark the occasion. 

The challenge in sanitation is both indeed enormous and urgent. With sanitation coverage being 

low, as many rural households do not have sanitary latrines and have lack of access and awareness on 

basic sanitation and hygiene, the problem is assuming serious proportion. The need of the hour is to 

address sanitation collectively as it covers a wide range of inter-related issues like health, hygiene, nutrition, 

immunization, clean drinking water, education and participation. I am happy to know that the 

convergent departments will undertake number of programmes on these issues. 

In addition to infrastructure building, the attitudes and behaviours are to be changed and the mindsets 

are to be turned to realize the importance of sanitation and clean drinking water. The community should 

be encouraged to have domestic latrines besides providing them in schools and anganwadis to prevent 

bacterial contamination responsible for many losses of lives due to water borne diseases. With active 

participation of all concerned, I am sure the campaign will lead the state to become open defecation free 

as well as clean and healthy. 

I wish the campaign and publication all success. 

Muralidhar C. Bhandare 

Governor of Orissa 

(Muralidhar C. Bhandare) 

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MESSAGE 

Sri Naveen Patnaik 

Chief Minister, Orissa 

It gives me immense pleasure to know that the Rural Development Department is publishing a souvenir 

on the occasion of launching of International Year of Sanitation-2008. 

Realising the importance of sanitation the UN General Assembly has dedicated the year 2008 as 

the International Year of Sanitation. In the absence of proper sanitation, rural community especially 

children & women who hold key to our common future suffer most. 

Improved sanitation has positive impact on health, quality of life and poverty reduction. Without 

it, it is difficult to achieve the much cherished Millenium Development Goals to which all of us are 

committed. 

I appreciate the collaborative effort taken by R.D. Department in association with Panchayati Raj, 

Women & Child Development, Health & Family Welfare and School & Mass Education Departments 

to celebrate International Year of Sanitation-2008 with a variety of programmes and activities committed 

to ensure basic sanitation facilities in rural Orissa. 

Our Government is committed to promote toilet construction in all rural households, educational 

institutions and anganwadies to achieve open defecation free Orissa by 2012. 

(Naveen Patnaik) 

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MESSAGE 

Sri Biswa Bhusan Harichandan 

Minister 

Rural Development, Industries & Law 

I am happy to learn that the Rural Development Department is bringing out a souvenir on the occasion 

of celebration of International Year of Sanitation- 2008. 

Sanitation is a basic human necessity and a matter of dignity. It ensures privacy and safety especially 

for women and girls. It improves convenience and social status. Sanitation in schools enables children 

particularly the girl students to continue their education. Socailly, educationally and economically it 

improves the quality of life. 

Improved and better sanitation facilities will positively benefit the rural community and the general 

public. Better disposal of human waste will protect the qulaity of drinking water sources. It will be a 

matter of dignity for women and girls and provide substantial benefit to the rural community. 

Its a matter of pleasure that Rural Development Department in cooperation with Panchayati Raj, 


are working together to eradicate open defecation from rural Orissa by 2012. 

Our Government is committed to promote construction of toilets in all rural households through 

participation of beneficiaries and provide safe water supply to rural people. During the International 

Year of Sanitation we are determined to convert at least five GPs in each block to Nirmal Gram Status. 

(Biswa Bhusan Harichandan) 

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MESSAGE 

Sri Raghunath Mohanty 

Minister, Panchayati Raj 

& Parliamentary Affairs 

It is heartening to know that a special souvenir is being brought out by Rural Development Department 

on the occassion of launching celebration of International Year of Sanitation-2008 in the state. 

Sanitation is essential to improve quality of life on earth. It is a matter of shame for the mankind 

that every 20 seconds, a child dies as a result of poor sanitation. Globally 15 lakh preventable deaths 

occur each year in the absence of basic sanitation facilities. 

I compliment the Rural Development Department for chalking out an action plan in collaboration 

with Panchayati Raj, Women & Child Development, Health & Family Welfare and School & Mass Education 

Departments to provide basic sanitation facilities to all rural households, anganwadis & schools 

by 2012 which will be a miraculous achievement by all standards. 

I urge upon all elected representatives & officials of Panchayati Raj Institutions from G.P. level to 

the district level to rise to the occassion and associate themselves in this noble venture of eradicating 

open defecation from rural Orissa as a part of Millenium Development Goals by 2012. 

(Raghunath Mohanty) 



MESSAGE 

Smt. Pramila Mallik 

Minister, Women 

& Child Development 

It is a matter of pleasure to learn that a souvenir is being published by Rural Development Department 

on the occasion of launching of International Year of Sanitation-2008 in the state. 

Recognizing the importance of sanitation in the life of mankind the General Assembly of United 

Nations has declared 2008 as the International Year of Sanitation with specific emphasis on raising 

awareness on issues relating to basic sanitation facilities, mobilising communities, particularly 

women’s groups for changing their attitude towards sanitation & hygiene practices through intensive 

and extensive campaigns through out the world. 

It is heartening that Rural Development Department in collaboration with Panchayati Raj, 


has prepared an Action Plan to promote sanitation in rural Orissa. 

Sanitation raises the dignity, privacy and safety especially women & girls. A household toilet 

provides convenience and liberates woemen and girls along with enhancing their social status. Proper 

disposal of human waste protects quality of drinking water sources and ensures better health in 

rural areas. It improves the quality of life of each individual member as well as that of the family. 

I call on all Self Help Groups and Anganwadi workers in the State to dedicate themselves to 

promote sanitation by having toilets in their own households and motivating their neighbours to 

have one. 

(Pramilla Mallik) 

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MESSAGE 

Sri Sanjeeb Kumar Sahoo 

Minister of State (Ind.) 

School & Mass Education 

I am happy to learn that a souvenir is being published by the Rural Development Department on the occasion of 

celebration of International Year of Sanitation-2008 in the state. 

Rural Development Department in collaboration with School & Mass Education, Panchayati Raj, 

Women & Child Development and Health & Family Welfare Departments is celebrating International 

Year of Sanitation with a number of activities from the State level to GP level. 

Sanitation is a basic human necessity. It ensures privacy and safety of women and girls. It improves 

convenience and social status for the family enhancing the dignity of its members. Open defecation 

during night fall and in isolated places makes women vulnerable to violence. Sanitation in school 

enables children especially grown up girls to remain in the educational system. No toilet or restricted 

toilet opportunities increases the chance of chronic constipation. 

Education & Sanitation are inter related. Educational institutions are nurseries for formation of 

habits. Sanitation in schools encourages students to demand from their parent’s sanitation facilities 

in their households and propagate the benefits of sanitation. 

Government in the School & Mass Education Department in collaboration with Rural 

Development Department are trying their best to provide toilets with water supply to all schools in 

the State during the International Year of Sanitation. 

(Sanjeeb Kumar Sahoo) 



MESSAGE 

Sri Sanatan Bisi 

Minister, Health & 

Family Werlfare (Ind.) 

It’s a matter of pleasure to know that Rural Development Department is bringing out a souvenir on 

the occasion of celebration of International Year of Sanitation-2008. 

Rural Development Department is organizing a number of activities from State level to GP 

level as a part of celebration of International year of Sanitation in cooperation of Panchayati Raj, 

Health & Family Welfare, Women & Child Development and School & Mass Education Departments. 

Health is an important parameter in social development. It is primary need for individual as 

well as for the community. Health in rural area is dependent to a large extent on supply of safe water 

& basic sanitation facilities. Health sector development to a large extent requires partnership & network 

initiatives between the various sister departments of Government. 

Gandhiji truly emphasized that sanitation is more important than independence. Any society 

claiming to be civilized and egalitarian must ensure decent and hygienic disposal of human waste. 

Health & Family Welfare Department is strengthening rural sanitation through constitution of 

Village Health, Water & Sanitation Committee. Its’ various programme under NRHM like Janani 

Surakshya and Untied fund for sanitation awareness by VHWS Committee is a firm step in that 

direction. 

(Sanatana Bisi) 

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MESSAGE 

Sri Ajit Kumar Tripathy, IAS 

Chief Secretary & 

Chief Development Commissioner 

Government of Orissa, Bhubaneswar 

Rural Development Department is bringing out a souvenir on the occasion of launching celebration 

of International Year of Sanitation-2008. 

It is heartening to know that various programmes are being organized by the Rural Development 

Department during the year in collaboration with Panchayati Raj, Women & Child Development, 

Health & Family Welfare and School & Mass Education Departments. 

Sanitation is a basic human need and a parameter of civilization. It not only provides 

convenience but ensures dignity, privacy, safety and social status to the members of the family. 

All stakeholders from the state level to the village level in Government and in community 

must work in partnership to create an open defecation free state by 2012. 

I wish this noble effort of creating greater awareness and mass mobilization through convergence 

of development initiatives by various departments all success. 

(Ajit Kumar Tripathy) 



MESSAGE 

Mr. Shadrack Omol 

State Representative 

UNICEF Orissa State Office 

I am delighted this souvenir is being released as part of the celebrations to mark the International Year 

of Sanitation. 

A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the critical importance of water, sanitation and 

hygiene (WASH) for children. Increasing the equitable access to and use of safe water and basic sanitation 

services and improved hygiene practices will reduce child mortality, improve health and education 

outcomes, and contribute to reduced poverty and sustainable development as a whole. Inadequate 

and unsafe water, poor sanitation, and unsafe hygiene practices are the main causes of diarrhoea, which 

results in at least 1.9 million under-5 child deaths annually across the globe. This can be avoided through 

simple interventions; one way to sustainably reduce this massive burden of disease is through the use 

of safe drinking water, sanitation and improved hygiene practices, in particular hand-washing with 

soap. 

WASH is an important prerequisite for ensuring the right to basic education. Children commonly 

miss school because they are too busy fetching water or are sick with a water-related disease. Programmes 

that combine improved sanitation and hand-washing facilities in schools with hygiene education can 

improve the health of children for life. Where properly integrated into wider community initiatives, 

school-based programmes also promote positive change in communities as a whole. 

Poor hygiene, sanitation and water exacerbate poverty by reducing productivity and elevating 

health-care costs. Recently the World Health Organization has shown that the economic benefits from 

every $1 invested in sanitation would be in the range from $3 to $34, depending on the region. 

UNICEF contributes to the realization of children’s rights to survival and development through 

global and national promotion of sector investment and support to programmes that increase equitable 

and sustainable access to, and use of, safe water and basic sanitation services, and promote improved 

hygiene. 

Let us join hands to make a difference to the many in Orissa who do not yet enjoy access to sanitation. 

UNICEF is proud to support the International Year of Sanitation and the associated efforts to increase 

sanitation coverage in Orissa. 

(Shadrack Omal) 

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“The day everyone of us 

gets a toilet to use, 

I shall know that our country 

has reached 

the pinnacle of progress” 

- Jawaharlal Nehru 



PREFACE 

Sanitation is the corner stone of health, dignity and development. It is 

essential to ensure a better quality of life among all sections of people. 

Increased access to sanitation for poor and deprived is fundamental for 

reaching all the Millenium Development Goals. 

Recognising the importance of sanitation for individual and the 

community, the UN General Assembly has dedicated the year 2008 as 

the International Year of Sanitation. The central objective of the year 

is to ensure the participation of the global community to achieve 

sanitation as a part of MDG. 

During the year the State Government in the Rural Development 

Department in collaboration with Panchayati Raj, Women & Child 

Development, Health & Family Welfare, School and Mass Education 

Departments and Civil Society proposes to celebrate International Year 

of Sanitation with a variety of programmesfrom 18th June to 19th 

November’08. Our objective is: 

l To increase awareness & commitment from all stakeholders from 

within and outside the sector on sanitation through advocacy, IEC 

activities and increased investment. 

l Mobilise Governmental and people’s institutions from state level 

to village level. 

l Secure commitments and participation to scale up sanitation 

program. 

l Encourage demand driven sustainable and wherever possible 

traditional solutions. 

l Ensure public private partnership through institutional and human 

capacity building. 

l Enhance sustainability of sanitation solutions through participation 

of PRIs & Civil Societies in Sanjog mode. 

A modest effort is made to highlight some of the achievements 

through the present souvenir. We are thankful to the dignitaries for their 

kind messages. This is a small begining in our endeavour to reach MDG 

and not an end. 

S. N. Tripathi, IAS 

Commissioner-cum-Secretary 


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“Water and Sanitation is one of the primary drivers of public health. 

I often refer to it as “Health 101”, which means that once 

we can secure access to clean water and 

to adequate sanitation facilities for all people, 

irrespective of the difference in their living conditions, 

a huge battle against all kinds of 

diseases will be won.” 

- Dr LEE Jong-wook 

Director-General, World Health Organization. 




In December 2006, the UN General Assembly declared 2008 the International Year of Sanitation (IYS) to accelerate 

progress for 2.6 billion people worldwide who are without proper sanitation facilities. The IYS has two chief 

aims: to draw the world’s attention to the impact of sanitation on public health, economic, social development, 

and environment; and to accelerate progress towards the achievement of the sanitation target of the Millennium 

Development Goals (MDGs). Access to sanitation is deeply connected to virtually all the MDGs, in particular 

those involving environment, education, gender equality and reduction of child mortality. For the IYS, five 

talking points have been developed which may be used for mobilizing community. 

Talking Points for the International Year of Sanitation 

1. Sanitation is vital for human health 

Diarrhoea, cholera and typhoid spread through poor sanitation are the leading cause of childhood illness 

and death. 

i. Diarrhoea is one of the biggest killers of children under five worldwide, alone accounting for 17 percent 

of deaths in this age group. More than 5,000 children die every day from diarroea. Hygiene and sanitation 

are among the most cost effective public health interventions to reduce childhood mortality. Access to 

a toilet alone can reduce child diarrhoeal deaths by over 30 percent, and hand-washing by more than 

40 percent. 

ii. Sanitation and hygiene could also prevent most of the 130 million annual cases world wide of serious 

worm infection. This matters, since worms can divert up to one – third of food a child consumes and 

malnutrition is as the root of 50 percent of childhood illness. 

iii. Toilets and basic hygiene facilities can significantly improve the quality of life and survival rates of 

people suffering from major diseases as well as making it easier for those who care for them. 

2. Sanitation generates economic benefits 

Poor sanitation cripples national development. Workers produce less, live shorter lives, save and invest less, and 

are less able to send their children to school. Proper hand washing, hygiene practices, toilets at homes and 

schools bring economic benefits for households, communities, and nations in several ways. 

i. Conservative estimates from the World Health Organization suggest that alone the time saved by people 

using a toilet close to home would have an annual economic value in excess of US $ 114 billion. 

ii. Toilet at home can save money reducing directly health treatment costs and get back more working 

days that are now lost to sanitation related illness. This would also slash the number of premature 

deaths. 

iii. Toilet save lives and enhance productivity; investments in sanitation and hygiene would enable that 

money to be spent on other critical needs. 

iv. Improving sanitation would have a profound impact on education. Currently, almost 200 million days 

of school attendance are lost due to the lack of sanitation each year. School enrollment and retention 

rates for girls will rise when there are girl-friendly toilets for them to use, particularly after menstruation 

starts. 

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SANJOG International Year of Sanitation 2008 

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v. Hygiene promotion is often the single most cost effective public health intervention. 

vi. Basic sanitation and hygiene are essential drivers of economic development. 

3. Sanitation contributes to dignity and social development 

Social development is about human progress; it centres on equality between women and men, social inclusion, 

access to education, community cohesion and poverty eradication. At its core are human dignity and human 

rights. For 2.6 billion people who have to defecate behind bushes, along railway tracks or roadside ditches, 

human dignity is under daily assault. Toilet can speed social development in a number of ways: 

i. Many women and girls must wait until nightfall to relieve themselves, putting their safety at risk. 

ii. Evidence from Alawar District, India, showed that school sanitation increased girls’ enrollment by 

one-third and improved academic performance for boys and girls by 25 percent. Similarly results from 

Bangladesh showed that the provision of girls’ toilet increased girls’ enrollment by 11percent. 

iii. Household, school and community sanitation are not just the means to economic growth, they are 

essential tools to enable communities to live in dignity and to realize their full potential. Equity and 

justice demand that we support their efforts. 

4. Sanitation protects environment 

Sanitation services like toilets, washing facilities, garbage removal, waste water disposal, drainage are prerequisite 

for clean, healthy household and community living environments. Such sanitation services are also vital to 

safeguard environmental quality more broadly, especially the quality of water resources. 

i. Each person produces about 150 grams of faeces per day, so open defecation around the world result in 

huge tonnages of human excreta deposited in and around communities. 

ii. Living in a squalid environment harms physical and psychological health, and deepens human poverty. 

iii. In developing world, roughly 90 percent of sewage is discharged untreated into rivers, polluting waters 

and killing plants and fish. 

5. Universal Sanitation is achievable 

There are 2.6 billion people in the world today for whom a toilet represents a life – changing dream of better 

health, higher incomes, more education, higher social status, greater societal inclusion, a clean living environment 

and for the children in that group, a better chance of living to celebrate their fifth birthday. Using proven approaches 

and available technologies, we can make huge progress towards the MGD sanitation target by 2015. Everyone 

could have a toilet to use. We can do it. 

i. Sanitation needs champions willing to break the taboos surrounding defecation and speak about high 

economic, social and environmental cost associated with the lack of toilet. 

ii. Generating demand for sanitation through social marketing, campaigns and community consensus 

building is more likely to yield results than appeals to health. Promotional campaign have traditionally 

forced on health benefit, but now agencies have to learn to respond to the actual concerns of the people, 

convenience, comfort, safety or prestige rather than health. 

iii. Generating demand is only the beginning. That demand must be met. People without sanitation are 

not passive beneficiaries, but active potential customers. Meeting demand requires supporting, training, 

orientation and making sanitary hardware available at the doorstep of each beneficiary. 



International Year of Sanitation 2008 - Orissa Initiatives 

To trigger implementation of TSC & to make Orissa an Open Defecation Free State, the State Government in the 

Rural Development Department is launching celebration of “International Year of Sanitation – 2008” from 18th June to 19th November, 2008 with a number of programmes and activities from State to G.P. level. 

With about 17,92,975 IHL, 34,309 School toilets & 11,022 Anganwadi toilets Orissa’s achievement in 

implementation of TSC is 25%, 49% and 44% respectively. We have still a long way to go. 

Since sanitation covers a wide range of inter related issues like health, hygiene, nutrition, immunization, 

education, dignity of women, functions are planed to be organized with convergence between various allied 

departments of Government like Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Women & Child Development, Health & 

Family Welfare and School & Mass Education. The State Government in the R.D. Department proposes to organize 

the following programmes through convergence from State level to District/Block/GP level starting with 18th June’08 (Sanjog Divas) which will culminate with closing function on 19th November 08, “World Toilet Day” 

Hon’ble Chief Minister of Orissa has kindly indicated his convenience to launch the celebration at 6.00 P.M. 

on 18.06.2008 in the Auditorium of IMMT (RRL), Bhubaneswar. Hon’ble Ministers of Sanjog Departments covering 

R.D, P.R., W&CD, H&FW and S&ME have been requested to participate in the programme. 

It has been decided to felicitate the Sarpanchs of districts who have been instrumental in completing 

construction of 500-1000 household toilets in between 2nd October ’07 to 1st April 2008 with Parimal Mitra Cash 

Award as declared by Hon’ble Chief Minister on 2nd October’07. 

“International Year of Sanitation – 2008” Activities 

18th June to 19th November, 2008 

State level 

1. Media meet at state level: 4th &16th June’08 

2. State level IYS 2008 launching by Hon’ble CM and Ministers of Sanjog Departments 

3. Release of souvenir in state level IYS-2008 launching function 

4. Felicitation of Parimal Mitra Awardees and Jaldhara Junior Engineers in IYS 2008 launching function. 

5. Competition among students on sanitation (State/District/Block) 

6. Four State level workshops one each during June, July, August & September covering Sanjog functionaries 

with allied departments 

7. Advertisement on lunching and celebration of IYS in eight widely circulate local Oriya dailies and special 

supplement on TSC. 

8. News coverage, video spot, panel discussion, jingles, phone-in programmes in electronic media 

9. Special Gramsat with Hon’be CM and Ministers R.D., PR, W&CD, H&FW and S&ME 

10. Hoarding in strategic locations in Bhubaneswar 

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11. Mobile Media through flex stickers in Buses and trains 

12. IYS closing ceremony with awards to best performing GPs, in IHL, School and AWC toilets (19th November 

2008) 

13. Felicitation of Agrani Parimal Gram Puraskar Awardees 

14. Training and exposure visit of different stakeholders 

District level 

1. Launching of IYS-2008 with Ministers, Members of Parliament, Members of Legislative Assembly, 

Chairpeerson of Zilla Parishad and Sanjog partners 

2. Joint appeal letter from Collector and Zilla Parishad Chairperson to all Ward Members of Gram Panchayat 

3. Drawing and Painting competition for differently abled children. 

4. Hoarding/wall painting in strategic locations at district level. 

Block level 

Similar activities may be carried out at Block level. Additionally an orientation of school teachers on IYS and 

award to best performing Sanjog partners for sanitation may be given. 

Gram Panchayat level 

1. One Sanitation Mela in each Gram Panchayat, UNICEF will support such programme in 1570 focused G.Ps 

through out the State 

2. For training programme of Sarpanchs, UNICEF has expressed its willingness to support training of 600 

Sarpanchs from its focused districts through Key Resource Centres. The OSWSM may support training of 

960 other Sarpanchs at KRCs from CCDU funds 

3. Wall painting, construction of demonstration unit in newly intervened villages 

4. Meeting of Sanjog stakeholders 

5. SHG orientation 

6. Health camps and video shows 

7. Village Cleanliness Drive 

8. Installation of IHL, School and Anganwadi at GP level 

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Total Sanitation Campaign in Orissa: A Snapshot 

The Govt. of India and Govt. of Orissa aim to tackle the problem of low sanitation coverage through the Total 

Sanitation Coverage (TSC). The TSC shifts the focus of sanitation provision from subsidizing individual latrines 

to promoting community collective action, based on information, education and communication (IEC) with subsidy 

only for below poverty line (BPL) households. 

The approach has been collective by involving all sections of the rural population, in order to generate 

demand for latrine construction. The IEC campaign has involved Panchayati Raj Institutions, women’s groups 

and self-help groups. NGOs are also important components of the strategy. In Orissa, Total Sanitation Campaign 

was launched in 3 pilot districts namely, Balasore, Ganjam and Sundergarh. Presently, all the 30 districts are 

under the fold of TSC. Rural sanitation was almost non-existent until 1999-2000 and grew at just 2% annually 

throughout the 2000s. The progress in rural sanitation coverage defined in terms of households with toilets is 

shown in Figure 1. 

As per the Census data (2001), only 4 

percent of total population has latrines 

within/attached to their houses. Out of this, 

only 3 percent households have latrines with 

water closets, which are the most sanitized 

toilets 

Orissa’s progress towards fulfilling 

Millennium Development Goal (MDG) with Fig:1 Individual Household Latrine Coverage (Census 2001) 

total sanitation has been steady. But there is 

long way to go. In 2001, only 8 per cent of households in rural Orissa had sanitation coverage. By 2008, 25 per 

cent of the households had attained sanitation coverage. Over the years the sanitation coverage has raised which 

has left marked improvement in health of the people. Today, it is estimated that 53.25 percent rural households 

have toilets. The districts with highest coverage are Baleswar (58%) & Sundergarh (43%). 

Fig:2 Sanitation Progress Trend 

● Total number of household in Census 2001 Data : 0.68 Crores 

● Total number of household covered in Census 2001 data : 

0.05 Crores 

● Total number of household covered so far (Census + TSC) : 

0.23 Crores 

● Current growth rate per year (Coverage percentage in 2006- 

Coverage percentage upto March 2003)/Time Duration : 

4.96% 

● Required growth rate per year to complete 100% of target by 

2012 : 17.43% 

● With this current growth rate, only 53.25% target will 

achieved upto March 2012. 

For Orissa to meet the MDG target 7.57 lakhs people per year, “Between 2008-15”, would need to gain 

access to a toilet of course, an enormous challenge. This also assumes that all the toilets are functioning, sanitary 

and that all members of the household use them. 


Massive financial outlays for sanitation and a 

scaled-up strategy have increased the rural sanitation 

coverage; though average annual increase in the rural 

sanitation coverage of only 2 percent. Initiatives to 

bridge the lack of community participation and poor 

utilization of whatever toilets were constructed under 

the programme are being addressed through 

awareness, better construction standards etc. 

Financial Progress (As on 31 st March 2008) 


Fig : 3 Year wise Sanitation Coverage 

(Rs. In Lakhs) 

GoI GoO Comm Total 

Project Outlay 69942.04 22866.65 14014.58 106823.27 

Release 20786.22 5543.51 2557.58 28887.31 

Expenditure 13493.04 4446.29 2466.93 20406.24 

The success of the TSC could be measured from the community contribution which standset Rs. 14014.58 

Lakhs to its share of TSC. The financial outlay of TSC projects has considerably increased since its inception. The 

implementation has been gradually improving. 

Physical Progress (As on 31 st March 2008) 

Component Target Achievement 

BPL APL Total BPL APL Total 

Household Latrine 4485050 2571598 7056648 1554510 238465 1792975 

School Toilet 70663 34309 

Anganwadi toilet 25160 11022 

Like drinking water which receives significant funds 

from states, Govt. of Orissa continues to fund for sanitation 

provision. Higher financial commitment from the state is 

giving a higher priority to sanitation in state plans. For BPL 

IHL construction, 60% of the costs are borne by the Central 

Government, 20% by the state and 20% by the user. 

To strengthen the supply chain management small 

scale private sector, NGOs, SHGs and Gram Panchayats 

have also been promoted on a sustainable basis. TSC in 

Fig: Nirmal Gram Puraskar 

Orissa has firmly put alternate delivery mechanisms to 

meet community needs by providing for stronger back up systems such as trained masons and building materials 

through rural sanitary production centres. The RSPCs serve as outreach institutions to disseminate information, 

stimulate demand through motivators and generate latrine from households. The services of NGOs have been 

put to use for bringing about awareness among the rural people of the need of rural sanitation, but also to ensure 

that they actually make use of the sanitary latrines. 

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To increase levels of latrine usage adequate social mobilization and program communication, training and 

visits are being conducted. The incentive schemes for rural sanitation (for 100% open defecation free Gram 

Panchayats) that have been introduced under the Nirmal Gram Puraskar schemes are monitored closely for 

assessing whether the claims are sustained and the incentives are effective in achieving results over a longer time 

period. 

Govt. of Orissa has of late decentralized and is promoting sanitation through Panchayati Raj despite the 

tradition of viewing local government institutions as weak. Gram Panchayats have been entrusted with considerable 

powers to implement the TSC. Similarly, at the block and the Panchayat levels, the Panchayat Samiti and 

the respective Gram Panchayats are involved in the implementation of the TSC. Extensive advocacy and awareness 

programmes are promoted under the leadership of the Gram Panchayat with the help of the NGO / sanitary 

mart. Monitoring at the level is performed by the Panchayat Samity and Gram Panchayat. Regular meetings are 

held on 18th of every as Sanjog Diwas with Sanjog workers in order to assess the situation of sanitation and toilet 

coverage. 

Govt. of Orissa has developed institutional interfaces and linkages among the allied departments namely, 

Women & Child Development, Health & Family Welfare, Panchayati Raj, School and Mass Education. The initiative 

extends to jointly monitor indicators of water supply, sanitation, health, education, poverty in order to make 

significant headway in the respective sectors. In sum, considering the sheer size of the state, the sheer numbers in 

terms of population, and the complex nature of its plural society and regional variations, Orissa has made 

significant strides in the water and sanitation arena. While the task is far from complete, and much needs to be 

done, Orissa is taking the right steps in the right direction. 

26 

The first condition of any municipal life is 

decent sanitation and an unfailing supply of 

pure water. Do not for a moment consider that 

either of these two things require any great 

outlay of money. Both these things are capable 

of being secured, if you have the will to secure 

them to the citizens.” 



Toll Free Sanjog Helpline: 

Grievance Management for Rural Water Supply & Sanitation 

The Rural Development Department is implementing Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme(ARWSP) & 

Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) through Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (RWS&S) and Orissa State Water 

and Sanitation Mission (OSWSM). To accelerate the process of providing drinking water to rural Orissa, the 

Rural Development Dept launched Jaldhara programme. 

Devolution to Panchayats 

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment stipulates for the devolution of funds, functions and functionaries to the 

Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). As per the decentralization and devolution initiatives of the State Government, 

the Department of Rural Development handed over the maintenance of rural water supply assets and 

implementation of total sanitation campaign to the Gram Panchayats. RWS&S organization continues to provide 

technical support for restoration, rejuvenation or up gradation of drinking water supply system but now emphasis 

is being placed on people’s participation in operation, maintenance and management of the water supply systems 

through PRIs. 

Drop in the registration of complaints: A Worrying Trend 

The transfer of sanitation & water supply to Panchayat was based on the premise that transfer of these functions 

will lead to greater peoples’ participation and accountability. More number of queries about sanitation and 

water, increase in the number of complaints will be demanded by people, who will raise their voice through the 

PRI representatives. However, on the contrary there was a sharp fall in the registration of complaints. What may 

be the reasons for this worrying trend? To find the reason behind this, the OSWSM, with the support of UNICEF, 

conducted an evaluation study of the programme by Dr. B.B. Samant, a noted expert in the field. The objectives 

of the study were to assess the state of preparedness of GPs to take on the TSC responsibility, manage the Rural 

Water Supply as well as to examine issues affecting Total Sanitation Campaign. The study found out that drop 

of complaint could be traced to lack of a comprehensive Information Education Communication strategy and 

implementation guidelines reflecting the new role of PRIs. This becomes a real cause of concern. Considering the 

problem it was felt that an efficient public grievance system is an immediate necessity. 

Technology-Interface: Sanjog Helpline 

Acting on the recommendation of the study, the RD Department has set up a technology-interface for better 

service delivery to the rural populace for water supply and sanitation. To start with, all the engineers of RWS&S 

are provided with mobile telephones for 24x7 water supply crisis management. For better response management 

further a centralized helpline system for registering complains pertaining to break down of water supply and to 

provide information on sanitation services has been introduced and branded as Sanjog Helpline with a Toll 

Free Number vide 1800 345 6770. It was launched on 18th of April 2008 by Hon’ble Minister of Rural Development, 

Industries and Law. From the same day a complaint register is being maintained and communicated to concerned 

Junior Engineer. Helpline is also useful to measure the impact of public education and media campaigns, and 

can provide information to guide new interventions. Numerous calls from people will indicate the need for more 

dissemination of information on specific topic. Hotline also helps in clarifying any misconceptions. 


27


Operational Modality of Sanjog Helpline 

Sanjog Help Line is a Voice-Assisted System (VAS) that 

provides an effective way to listen, provide information 

and suggest solution to the caller regarding all queries 

related to water supply and sanitation. The helpline is 

centrally located in the office of the Chief Engineer, 

Orissa State Water and Sanitation Mission. It is 

operational from 10 am in the morning to 3 pm in the 

afternoon, six working days a week. Presently one 

executive under the direct supervision of the Chief 

Engineer, OSWSM is managing the complains. After receiving the complains, concerned Junior Engineer or 

Executive Engineer, RWS&S is communicated over SMS or phone call. Complainants are also advised to call in 

the mobile number provided to Engineers RWS&S. So he/she can directly interact with the service provider in 

the department. 

Study of the Impact of Sanjog Helpline Advertisement 

After analyzing the Grievance Redress System, it was decided to 

publicize the toll free number in mass media. So an advertisement of 

the Sanjog Helpline Number (a toll free number) was published in 7 

Oriya daily newspapers on 5 th and 6 th June 2008. The advertisement led 

to a sudden turn around in the number of registration of complaints & 

enquiry. Before the advertisement, only 30 complaints have been 

registered in 46 days. However, there has been a considerable increase 

in the number of complaints registered since the publication of 

advertisement. In six days between June 5 and June 10, 98 complaints 

have been registered. Complaints have been made to toll free Sanjog 

Help Line from 25 districts. The table below represents the district-wise 

number of complains register. 

28 


Table District wise numbers of complaints register through Sanjog Helpline between 19.4-2008-10-6.2008 

Sl District No of Complains Percent 

1 Balangir 2 2 

2 Baleswar 12 9 

3 Bargarh 1 1 

4 Bhadrak 8 6 

5 Cuttack 17 13 

6 Debagarh 1 1 

7 Dhenkanal 10 8 

8 Ganjam 2 2 

9 Jagatsinghpur 2 2 

10 Jajapur 7 6 

11 Jharsuguda 1 1 

12 Kalahandi 1 1 

13 Kandhamal 5 4 

14 Kendrapara 9 7 

15 Kendujhar 6 5 

16 Khordha 10 8 

17 Koraput 11 9 

18 Malakangiri 3 2 

19 Mayurbhanj4 3 

20 Nayagarh 3 2 

21 Nuapada 1 1 

22 Puri 5 4 

23 Rayagada 1 1 

24 Sonpur 1 1 

25 Sundargarh 5 4 

Total 128 100 

Type of complainants 

Analysis of the background of the complainants 

shows that almost 91 percent are general people. 

However, important stakeholders of the Sanjog 

like PRI representatives, school teachers,ASHA 

workers, AWWs and NGOs have started 

registering complaints and it is likely that this 

trend is going to increase in coming days 

Strengthening the Sanjog help Line: Action Plan 

1. Presently complaints are registered manually through a Voice Assisted System (VAS). This is plan to be 

upgrated to Interactive Voice Recorded System (IVRS) and web based in which complainant can lodge his 

complain at anytime and will be able to get the status of his complain automatically just by dialing a particular 

number. 

2. Presently Toll Free number is accessible through BSNL network. Because of its wider reach BSNL was chosen 

in the first hand. It is being plan to extend to other networks to make it network neutral. 

3. Presently one executive is managing complains. It is planned to set-up a multi member help desk. 


29


30 

Case Study 

Touching People: Maguna’s smile 

Life was a curse right from birth for Maguna, a 24-year physically challenged 

girl of Nileswar Village near Bargarh. From her childhood, a crippling 

disability confined her to the four corners of the wall of her poor home. As a 

small kind, she had the heart and soul of other children. She, like others of her 

age, wanted to roam around, touch the smooth petals of flowers, see the flowing 

stream and move around the market place. However, she was different from 

other girls. Crippling disability fettered her free will and her poverty further 

confounded her disability. In early years of her life she lost her parents and 

life became more difficult afterwards. Even if she stays with her brother 

Maguna was all alone. She was helpless. Life was not interesting for her. 

Poverty made her life more miserable. She was a burden for her poor 

brother, who has to manage her family of four with the meagre earning of 

daily labour. Therefore, let alone provide with basic amenities to Maguna to 

cope with her disability, her presence was a sore wound with which he had to 

live in. The deadly web of poverty and disability threw Maguna to the vortex 

of isolation, loneliness and helplessness and constant struggle to survive. 

Maguna 

Life, for her, has been a struggle to survive. Struggle indeed is to carry out the basic daily practices like 

ablution, to attend the call of nature. She belongs to a poor landless family. Her brother’s house located in the 

middle of the linear settlement pattern of Nileswar. When her poor landless brother finds it difficult to main ten 

her thatched mud house, Maguna had never thought that her brother would make a latrine for her. Like other 

members of her brother’s family, she had to go the end of the village-to attend to the call of nature. 

But this daily movement to attend a body-necessity was warped in time, metaphorically. She used to leave 

her house in the morning and come back to her house around 3 ‘o’ clock in the afternoon. Every morning she 

used to leave home to attend the call of nature in an open field situated two km afar from her home at the fag end 

of the village. She had to drag herself for this two-km stretch. In her daily journey, regular in its occurrence like 

the movement of the sun and moon in the fixed path of the sky, she encountered sympathetic face, curious face. 

Some sympathetic souls approached the officials of the rural Dept. The Total Sanitation Campaign was 

launched in Nileswar GP in July 2007. A pipe water supply Scheme in Nileswar village started with the Jaldhara 

programme. They approached Executive Engineer, Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Bargarh during his field 

visit for an installation of IHL at Suguna’ brother’s house. The EE met her same day and it was decided to install 

a toilet with ramp for Maguna. Initially her family members opposed the idea of installing a toilet adjacent to 

Maguna’s bedroom. Local Sarpanch, a person of credibility, influenced Maguna’ brother and he decided to 

allow the construction of a disabled friendly IHL. 

Now Maguna has been using IHL for about one 

year. TSC has not been able to change her disabled 

conditions but the program pitched in to make her 

life bit easier. Struggle, she has to make, for life, but 

talk of TSC brings up a small smile in her writhing 

face. A small smile from Maguna provides inspiration 

for all stakeholders of TSC to work for ‘Bharat 

Nirman’ and scale up activities in the form of pipe 

water, health. Maguna is waiting to quench her thirst 

from the pipe water supply of the ‘Jaldhara’. 

Newly installed 

toilet with ramp at 

Maguna’s house 


Case Study 


Spreading its arms: 

Dasabhuja from Sanitation to Conflict Resolution 

For women of the Tapdhol village in the Athamalik block of Angul district of Orissa, life was all challenges. 

Tadphol is one of the backward villages of the district, located almost 55 k from the district headquarter. Located 

in the sal forest of the region, the village is predominantly inhabited by tribal and backward class. Economic 

resources are limited to agriculture and forest. Women of the village have to pitch in and work with male members 

on the red soil for their livelihood. They have to run deep into forest to collect fuel and fodder. 

Thus, multiple tasking has been a way of life for them. But 10 women of the village were not satisfied with 

the management of houses and daily labour in agricultural land. Challenges, they loved. They had an insatiable 

dream to do something different. Opportunities knocked at the door of people who have a strong will. Self-Help 

Movement under Mission Shakti, has been touching and transforming the lives of many rural women and these 

women came to know about the Mission Shakti and formed a Self-Help Group, called Dasabhuja (ten-armed). 

Dasabhuja had the will and destiny to justify its name. It started as a credit and thrift organisation. In 

2005 Mr. D.P.Joshi, the then Branch Manager Bank of Baroda, got to know about TSC from newspaper. He 

contacted JE, RWS&S Athamalick and took the confidence of Dasabhuja SHG members in mobilizing them for 

Total Sanitation Campaign. One fine evening Dasabhuja members called for a village meeting and shared 

information with them. Once convinced, these people motivated all villagers to set up individual household 

toilets. To start with they install toilet in their own house yard and started using it. 

DWSM Angul extended its hand in providing orientation and training to Dasabhuja members. Lata Behera 

and Menaka Behera two members of the SHG got the master mason training in Dec 2005 by DWSM Angul. 

Women members were trained on the production of cement ring, squatting plate, mosaic pan and installation of 

Low Cost Individual Household Toilet etc. Enthusiastic women went to their village and trained their family 

members. Thus, the Dasdbhuja started building the human resources of the fellow villagers. 

The next step was to start the production center. Fund was not a constraint. Its patron, the benevolent 

banker, Mr. Joshi, was willing to give loans at a low rate to the Group to enable them set up a production centre. 

The Group availed loans under micro finance scheme. In 2005, the Group transformed themselves as rural 

entrepreneur by setting up a Production Centre to make the sanitary ware available at the doorstep of villagers. 

Dasabhuja provided employment opportunities for many 

fellow villagers, who after requisite training, worked for 

the Production Centre. 

The challenge for Dasabhuja was not to emerge as 

rural entrepreneur. Their objectives, in addition, were to 

make the village open-defecation free. Installation of IHL 

toilets in each household of the village was the first 

challenge. But more challenging was to stop the open 

defecation altogether. Changing old-age practices was not 

easy, they found. But the Dasabhuja, had energy of the Tenarmed 

Devi. The Group member created a Monitoring 

Team to regularly oversee the health and hygiene practices 

and use of toilets in each household. 

Production Centre, Dasabhuja SHGs 

31


Tireless efforts made by Dasabhuja SHG of Tapdhol GP 

brought laurels to the Panchayat. Tapdhol got the “Nirmal Gram 

Puraskar” in 2007. The Group was awarded Best SHGs in Total 

Sanitation Campaign consecutively in 2006 and 2007 by DWSM 

Angul. 

The success of the Tadphol made the members restless. They 

want to contribute more to the cause of sanitation, to the cause of 

rural reconstruction. Dasabhuja extended its membership to 

fifteen. It tried to replicate Tadphol experiment in the nearby 

Paiksahi GP. Paika Sahi had Six anganwadi centers and few 

SHGs, There Dasabhuja acted mentor, training, orienting and 

motivating villagers, SHGs, Anganwadis to make their GP open 

defecation Free. 

Total Sanitation Campaign provided the Group to make 

further strides in their quest to bring about social changes. 

Daabhuja started spreading its ten hands in many directions. 

“How could women remain aloof from affairs in which they are 

IHL Paikasahi Gram Panchayat 

directly or indirectly impacted”, reasoned Sushama Behera, a 

member Dasabhuja. Women movement against social evil began to take birth from their brainstorming. “We 

initiated a movement to close all Mada Bhati (liquor shop) in the locality, rescue women beaten by their husbands 

and in-laws, settle few cases of dowry in the locality, attend all Palli sabha and Gram Sabha and participate 

actively, act as volunteers in all cultural and social functions in the GP and now we are called for our opinions on 

any major decisions taken for our GP by Sarapanch and other Govt. functionaries”, remarked matter-of-factly by 

the Secretary of the group. But the glimmer in her eyes, the confidence in her heart is discernible. For the women 

members of the Dasabhuja, TSC proved to be a launching pad to make strides in many un-trodden paths. In their 

journey, they united many members, touched many lives and had taken routes less traversed by others. But they 

have not forgotten that TSC provided the initial momentum to move on… 

32 

Village Contact Drive, Paikasahi Display of awards by Dasabhuja SHG members 


Case Study 


Thinking Big and Bold: PURA* in GOBARA 

Biju Pattnaik and Rajiv Gandhi would have been proud to see Pratima, the second-term Sarpanch of the Gobara 

GP in the Talcher block of Anugul district. Pratima epitomizes what these visionaries dreamt of the grass root 

decentralized democracy. Participation of women in the democratic governance in the villages, decision-making 

in the over-all development of villages, leadership by women in their own issues, Pratima symbolizes women 

leadership in rural Orissa. 

Pratima Behera has been elected for the second term as Sarapanch of Gobara not without reasons. Pratima 

is passionate about the participatory development. Village development is a holistic concept, she believes. Road, 

electricity, sanitation facilities, a civic culture to match, she has been tirelessly working not only to bring changes 

in the way her Panchayat looks, but more importantly, bring about changes in the attitudes towards local 

governance in which people themselves participate 

in the decision-making and development initiates of 

the villages. 

Most important agenda in her village 

development program was sanitation. Pratima heard 

about Total sanitation Campaign in Sept. 2005 in a 

district orientation Programme. She discussed the 

matter with villagers in a GP level meeting on 2nd Oct. 

05 and took oath with other participants for making 

Gobara a totally sanitized GP. She mobilised few SHG 

members for setting up a production centre but the 

Pratima Behera, Sarapanch Gobara, storing Panchayat data 

plan dose did not work out for a long time. She 

in her computer 

admitted there was a lack of coordination among SHG 

members. She got the Best Sarapancha Award on 1st 

April 2007 from the district administration. Pratima 

invested one-lakh Rupees award money in the 

improvement of Panchayat office. She did not feel 

contended. Pratima was aspiring for an open 

defecation free Gobara and the award from Hon’b 

President of India on behalf of her Panchayat. Open 

defecation was rampant and it was not that easy to 

change the age-old practice of people. She started 

doing village drain, garbage pit from the peripheral 

Oath taking ceremony, Oct. 2005 in a GP level meeting 

development fund of MCL and NALCO, Pipe water 

supply from ARWSP scheme. Mobilizing people for IHL installation was a constant endeavor. She set up a 

production centre of her own in the GP head quarter with few trained women SHG members as mason. Sanitary 

ware was supplied to all four villages of the GP. TSC activities took its pace in Gobara GP with the declaration of 

Parimala Mitra Award in 2nd oct. 2007. 

* PURA stands for Providing Urban Amenities in Rural Areas 

33


A massive awareness campaign was organized. 

Village meeting, Rally by school children, SHGs, 

Panchayat Level Sanjog Stake holders Meeting, Patha 

Pranta Nataka & Pala, Video show on sanitation, Wall 

Painting and Village Contract Drive was organized by 

Pratima on a regular basis. She took the lead in a series 

of village cleanliness drive with SHG members and 

finally made it mandatory for denizens to clean the 

village road on a regular basis. She took some drastic 

steps like canceling ration for people without toilet. 

Gobara has four Revenue villages, five schools and 

ten Anganwadi Centres. Each household has access to 

34 

Village Cleanliness Drive led by Pratima and SHG members 

in Gobara Village 

a toilet so as the Schools and Anganwadis, There are Garbage pits in schools, market places, temple side and in 

villages for solid waste disposal and drains for liquid waste management in the village. This year Gobara GP is 

proposed for Nirmal Gram Puraskar 2008. 

She got Best Women Sarpanch of Angul in 2005-06. She is a member in the core committee of Panchayat 

Mahila Sakti Abhiyana (PMSA), and member of core committee of National convention on Panchayat Raj Govt. 

of India. 

She is committed to other urban amenities in the rural areas of Gobara Panchayat. Apart from good sanitation, 

drinking water, road, electricity, Gobara boasts of a mini stadium, for which se took lead. She was a sate-level 

Khoko Player and had a dream to build a stadium in her GP. She converted village playground into a mini 

stadium and provided an opportunity for rural children to compete with urban counterparts. Stadium plan also 

includes a small park for children. She has kept a place for establishing an electric cremation system in the fag 

end of Gobara village. 

Pratima plans to make more strides in her role as a rural women leader, leading women and others in 

creating avibrant, developed village with all amenities of the urban areas but having the spirit of communitas of 

the village. But she remembers that her holistic development program started with sanitation. Total Sanitation 

Program must be the first initiative in any development programs in villages, because cleanliness is godliness,” 

she philosophically justifies. 

Mini Stadium Gobara 

Pratima with her awards and certificate for her excellance 

in different area of work 


Case Study 


Samai - Sentinel of Sanitation 

“Appearance notwithstanding whale is not a fish,” wrote the famous historian, EH. Carr, in his classics What is 

History. Chandrabati Samai looked like other rural women. But behind her simple exterior was a woman of 

stony resolve. She had the resolve to work for the collective self. In this age commodification, Chnadrabati 

selflessness worked for the cause of sanitation in her community and set an example for exemplary actions and 

impeccable integrity. 

Chandrabati Samai discovered herself in village MV of Tamasa GP of Malkangiri. From an early age she 

had a determination to change the living conditions of people in her community, She always advocated for 

constructive work. Ever since she joined the village anganwadi center, she started to work for children, women, 

rural reconstruction and development. Very soon she won the heart of villagers. The villagers loved her due to 

her sincere work as she managed the centre very well and had always been an example for her colleagues and 

superior authorities. From the beginning of her angannwadi work, she realized the importance of sanitation in 

the lives of rural women and turned as its sentinel in her community. She had the dream to make her village 

open-defecation free. She knew that poor sanitation condition is the leading cause of diahorrea and death. 

Therefore, She worked tirelessly to make her village an Agrani Parimal Village in Tamasa GP. 

The Total Sanitation Campaign kick- started in Malkangiri in 2006. As per plan of execution made in 2006, 

the Panchayat Executive Officers and anganwadi workers had a vital role in motivating prospective beneficiaries 

for installation of IHL in their respective GP/villages. The TSC provided her the platform to convert her dream 

into action. She took oath to be one of the flag-bearers of TSC in her village. She started motivating her community 

about the healthy practices of using toilet. Setting an example before the community, she constructed the first 

toilet in her village and used it. Inspired by her efforts and dedication to promote sanitation in her village, the 

villagers decided to pay their beneficiary contributions and as many as 78 beneficiary contributions (of Rs.300/ 

- each) could be collected within a very short period. She also 

took active role in construction of 101 IHHL in her village 

and its vicinity. 

Her efforts and dedication drew the attention of the Child 

Development Project Officer (CDPO), who recommended her 

name for “Best Anganwadi Worker promoting Sanitation in 

the district”. She was awarded at the Mega Swasthya Mela 

held on 8-10 th April 2008 at Malkangiri. Destiny had different 

plan for her. She fell ill after receiving the award in April 

2008. Her health deteriorated. During her illness, her sister, 

Tulsi, who is also an Anganwadi worker, attended her. Tulsi 

Chandrabati receiving “Best Anganwadi Worker” award from 

Collector, Malkangiri 

says, “she had been repeatedly saying how she would make her village an Agrani Parimal Village once she gets 

well and returns to her village”. In the May’08 her health further deteriorated, she was shifted to Visakhapatanam 

by her family members. As she realized that she might not recover from the illness, she told her sister Tulsi to 

give Rs. 4200/- to the Block TSC Coordinator, as she could not deposit the beneficiary contribution in the Panchayat 

Account due to her illness. On the same fateful day i.e. on 5 th of May’08, she succumbed to her illness. Her sister 

recalls that her last few words of depositing the beneficiary contribution. 

Chandrabati left her body but her dedication to the cause of sanitation, her high moral standard and above 

all, impeccable integrity stand tall in this age of greed and graft. Sentinel like Chandrabati never dies but always 

inspires others to make the world better. 

35


36 

Promting Sanitation And Hygiene Through Schools 

- Strategy for the International Year of Sanitation, 2008 

B.B.Samanta, Ph.D* 

“Sanitation is not the topic of Millennium Development Goals or of the International Year of Sanitation 

because it is a problem, but because it is a solution” 

– Director General, WHO 

1. Background 

Why sanitation and hygiene 

It is now well recognized that a mere provision of water supply is not enough to prevent water and sanitation 

related morbidity that account for over three-fourths of the diseases in developing countries. Children are the 

worst sufferers. Contaminated drinking water along with the inadequate supply of water for personal hygiene 

and poor sanitation is a major cause of water and sanitation related diseases. An estimated 4 billion cases of 

diarrhea, causing around 1.5 million deaths, mostly among children below five years, are linked to lack of unsafe 

water, inadequate sanitation and poor personal hygiene. Added to this is another one billion people suffering 

from soil-transmitted helminthes infection. A WHO survey of seven countries observed that in spite of installation 

of a piped water supply system, there was little impact on the reduction of diarrhea as the water was not properly 

stored at home, leading to its contamination. An OXFAM study in Sieraleon revealed that in majority of household, 

water, collected from a safe source, was reported contaminated at home due to unhygienic handling practices. 

According to UNICEF, improved sanitation could reduce diarrhea-related morbidity in young children by more 

than one-third. If hygiene promotion is added, such as teaching proper hand washing, the disease could reduce 

by two-thirds. For WHO simple achievable interventions in sanitation and hygiene can reduce diarrhoeal disease 

by 391 million per year. Cost-benefit analysis indicate that every US $ invested in sanitation would give a return 

of about US $ 9. For these reasons promoting sanitation and better hygiene practices is as important as providing 

safe water. 

The International Year of Sanitation (2008): 

The United Nations Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target for sanitation was to halve, by 2015, the 

proportion of the world’s population with out sustainable access to basic sanitation. In order to reach this target, 

the global sanitation coverage should be at least 75% by 2015 and this would mean an additional 1.6 billion 

people to be provided with basic sanitation. However, this target is widely off track and the present rate of 

progress indicates that by 2015 there will be 2.4 billion people with out basic sanitation. It is a reality that a poor 

achievement of sanitation goals is bound to affect the achievement of many other MDGs particularly relating to 

health and education. It is in this context that the UN General Assembly in its December, 2006 session, resolved 

to declare 2008 as the International Year of Sanitation so as to mobilize global support for accelerating progress 

on sanitation by putting the spotlight on this silent crisis. The over all objective of the International Year of 

Sanitation is to accelerate progress towards providing basic sanitation for the 2.6 million people worldwide who 

lack access to this fundamental human right. 

Why through schools? The rationale for promoting sanitation and hygiene through schools can be looked at 

through five major dimensions. These are i) the health perspective, ii) the learning perspective, iii) the gender 

perspective, iv) the child’s perspective and v) the community perspective. 

The health perspective: Globally around 400 million children are reported to be infected by different worms, 

some times more than one, that affect their nutritional status, adversely. This is manifested in different degrees 

of malnutrition such as stunting, underweight and anemia. It is estimated that over 200 million school children 

suffer from iron deficiency anemia (IDA) caused by worm infestation. Data available from WHO shows that 53% 

of school-age children in developing countries suffer from IDA that is beyond the 43% threshold. Recent studies 

have shown that IDA in children is associated with decreased physical and mental development and impaired 

* Senior Project Officer and Advisor on Rural Water Supply and Sanitation to UNICEF in Central Asian Countries (Retd.). Presently 

Chairman (Hon.), Multi Applied System, Bhubneswar 


immune function. Inadequate water and sanitation facilities, lack of proper hygiene practices are the major 

contributing factors for worm infestation among children. 

The learning perspective: It is of common knowledge that a healthy child (physically fit and mentally alert) can 

do better in learning than what his/her fellow mates can achieve. Stunted children are admitted in school late 

and are less likely to complete their schooling. Children with heavy worm burdens are likely to be absent for a 

greater proportion of the time than those who are lightly infected or free from worms. Also frequent sickness of 

a child can affect his/her learning achievements adversely. 

The gender perspective: Although absence or inadequacy of water and sanitation facilities in schools affects 

both boys and girls, the negative impact is more pronounced among girls. This is mainly because of the privacy 

that the grown up girls need and in the absence of the required facility they prefer to stay back at home for 

sometime every month. A DPHE-UNICEF study in 1994 and 1998 in Bangladesh showed that provision of water 

and sanitation facilities in schools increased the girl’s attendance by about 15%. In another study in Bangladesh, 

a school sanitation program increased girl’s enrolment by 11%. 

The child’s perspective: Childhood is the best time for a person to inculcate better hygiene practices and schools 

are the most important places of learning for them. A child spends considerable amount of time in the school 

and looks upon the teacher as a role model. Hence whatever is taught in school is more likely to be retained in 

his/her memory. Considering the sheer size of the student population in a country gives them an edge over 

others to transmit any idea or message. Almost in all families there are school-going children who could be the 

conduit for spreading knowledge on hygiene taught in schools. They may question the existing practices in the 

household and become change agents within their families. 

The community perspective: The teachers and students could be a good conduit to promote sanitation and 

hygiene in families and through them in the community. The teachers are a respected lot in the community and 

hence can exercise an influence on them. Besides, by adopting a child-to-child, child-to-parents and parents-tocommunity 

approach, which is only possible in a school environment, sanitation and hygiene promotion can 

reach the community. It is well realized that only ensuring a healthy environment in school is not enough to keep 

a child healthy. The conditions in the family and in the community can affect the child in several ways. Sickness 

in the family may keep the girl child out of school for a few days as she might be required to help her mother. An 

unhealthy environment in the family and in the community can also affect the health of a child. 

2. Relevance of Promoting Sanitation and Hygiene through Schools in Orissa 

Orissa has a huge network of schools. There are nearly 55, 000 primary and middle schools with student strength 

of over 5.2 million. These schools are run by over 1.5 lakh teachers. If secondary schools are also added to this 

then the number swells to 61,000 schools, 2 lakh teachers and 6.4 million students; a huge resource to tap for 

promoting sanitation and hygiene. 

Orissa has made remarkable progress in providing safe water source to schools and most of these sources are 

functional. As per a recent survey conducted by Multi Applied System (MAS), over 93% of schools had a functional 

water supply system. However, with respect to sanitation and hygiene, the situation is far from satisfactory. The 

same survey shows that among the schools covered under TSC while over 70 % had a provision of toilet, the 

usage rate (teachers and students combined) is only 36.4%. Less than 14% of these schools had water facility 

inside or near the toilet and only 10% had hand washing facility. The State has plans to construct toilet in 64,409 

schools by 2010. However, unless it is combined with hygiene education and associated facility in schools, the 

usage rate of the toilet may continue to be low and can have a negative impact on the family and in the community. 

As regards household toilet, the present coverage in Orissa could be close to 30%. The MAS survey indicates that 

around 69% of the toilets installed are in use by at least some members of the household. The State has an 

ambitious plan of constructing 69,61,936 household toilets by 2010. This will call for massive organizational and 

motivational efforts in which the schools could play a major role. 

3. The Proposed Strategy 

The major elements of the proposed strategy are described below. 

A holistic approach to sanitation and hygiene: It is increasingly realized that multiple and well coordinated 

hygiene strategies produce a greater effect on health than individual strategies. For example, use of toilet with 

out hand washing with soap or using a safe water source but with out following the proper water handling 


37


practices can reduce the health impact. Similarly, following better hygiene at household level is not enough if the 

community environment is unclean and unfriendly. Also, a major limitation of the health impact studies has 

been their inability to totally isolate the effect of variables other than the one under study. Hence a package of 

hygiene practices is more likely to have a combined positive effect than those taken separately. For these reason, 

it is proposed to adopt a holistic approach to sanitation that could include seven components viz. i) safe handling 

of drinking water, ii) safe disposal of waste water, iii) safe disposal of human excreta including child excreta, iv) 

solid waste disposal, including animal excreta, v) home sanitation and food hygiene, vi) personal hygiene and 

vii) environmental sanitation or community sanitation. From each of these components a couple of key messages 

that can have greater impact on health could be chosen and emphasized. All communication and training materials 

should focus on these components to ensure uniformity in thinking. Besides, provision has to be made to ensure 

the hardware part of each of these components. 

Teacher and community participation: The teachers and the community around the school have an extremely 

important role to play; the former in organizing the students and exploiting their creative skill to promote hygiene 

and the latter in owning the strategy. This will call for training of the school head master and a at least two 

teachers in each school, equip them with a minimum set of teaching and communication aids to be used in 

schools. Formation of a Parents-Teachers Association (PTA) or activating an existing one, and giving the members 

an orientation would be an essential component of the strategy. Motivating the members of the PTA could be 

done in different ways. One such method could be to share with them the health status of children using the 

school health check up data that may be available or doing one specifically for the purpose through a few indicators. 

The PTA could be involved in the school activities right from the day the school is selected and should have a say 

in such activities. It should also be responsible for mobilizing funds from the community to meet the recurring 

expenses of the school such as purchase of consumable for facilitating hygiene practices by the students. 

Children’s involvement: Another important element of the proposed strategy is to create a mechanism in which 

the school children are involved in the activities with in the school as well as outside the school campus. This 

could be done in various ways such as formation of student peer groups or students cabinet for each component 

of sanitation and making them responsible for different activities, organizing various competition among students, 

forming a student cultural troop to promote hygiene education, establishing a hygiene corner to be run by the 

peer groups, and so on. One way of generating interest of all involved in school is to have a clean-school competition 

among schools in each district that could go up to the State level. Attempts should be made to develop workbook 

on sanitation and hygiene, as part of institutionalizing hygiene promotion. The children of higher classes can be 

encouraged to undertake some activities at community level that include water quality monitoring and surveillance 

using the H2S strips, organizing cleanliness drive in the community during certain events like the World Water 

Day, the World Environment Day, the World Health Day, Children’s Day and so on. 

Creation of child friendly environment: In order to facilitate the adoption of hygiene practices, the strategy 

should envisage providing certain minimum water and sanitation facilities in schools. This will include adequate 

water for drinking and other hygiene practices, adequate number of latrines (one for 50 to 60 students) separately 

for boys and girls and urinals for boys, and private rooms for girls within the toilet complex, hand washing 

facilities, a set of initial supplies of materials like soap, cleaning materials, dust bins etc. Supply of these materials 

during the initial period should be subject to an understanding that the PTA will be in a position to raise adequate 

resources to replenish them as and when required. The student peer groups or the student cabinet should be 

responsible for maintaining a clean environment in the school. 

Demand creation for safe water and sanitation facilities in community: It is expected that provision of safe 

water and sanitation facilities in schools will create a demand in the community in two ways. First, the children 

who will be used to these facilities in school will motivate their families to have them in their house. Second, the 

water and sanitation facilities in schools will have a demonstration effect on the community that is involved in 

the school level activities through the PTAs. At this stage it will be necessary to advocate with the local government 

for a suitable delivery and credit mechanism to meet the demand. If required, support could be provided in this 

respect to the poorest of the poor with a deferred payment of the cost. 

Benchmarks for impact assessment: There will be a need to create a set of benchmark data to facilitate an impact 

assessment at a later date and/or during the mid-course. Three sets of data could be used for this purpose. A 

facility survey carried out for the selection of the school will be the first set of data that could be stored for future. 

The second set would be the health check up data of the school children. A KAP survey of sample children and 

families could be undertaken at the beginning through the key teachers and the student peer groups to ascertain 

the existing hygiene behavior among them. All these could be kept as a database for future use. 

38 


4. Guiding Principles 

The strategy should be based on the following five guiding principles some of which are interlinked to each 

other. 

Conceptualization: What to promote: It should be looked at from two main angles, one to create awareness on 

better hygiene practices and two to generate demand for safe water and sanitary facilities. So far as the first part 

is concerned it should focus on the seven components of sanitation. These components are, safe handling of 

drinking water, safe disposal of waste water, safe disposal of human excreta including child excreta, solid waste 

disposal, home sanitation and food hygiene, personal hygiene and environmental sanitation or community 

sanitation. In each component a couple of key messages could be identified that have greater impact on health 

and nutritional status of people in general and children in particular. Defining a clear-cut objective and strategy 

should also form a part of this path. The strategy should include both hardware and software. 

Visualization: How to promote: This will include the whole planning process and will call for creative thinking 

on the type of IEC materials most appropriate for disseminating the messages, the facilities to be established in 

the school and in the community for the adoption of hygiene practices, the channels to be used, mechanism for 

meeting the demand for water and sanitary facilities and so on. 

Mobilization: With whom to promote: This will include the whole range of partners with whom alliance has to 

be built to implement the proposed activities. Starting from the Department of Education and other relevant 

agencies at State level, it will go down to the school and community level through the district administration. At 

each level it will be necessary to mobilize the key partners for their involvement in achieving the key project 

objectives relating to what has been conceptualized and visualized. Providing the required exposure to the key 

partners through visits to successful project areas, training and orientation would be needed for this purpose. 

Formation of student peer groups/ student cabinets and their orientation should also form a part of such exposure. 

The concept and the way it has been visualized should be acceptable to the partners. Launching the project will 

be the ultimate aim of this part. 

Stabilization: How to consolidate: Once the project is on ground, it will be necessary to ensure its proper 

implementation which could be achieved through close monitoring and follow up besides providing constant 

feed back on the issues that may come up from time to time, and finding a solution. Any mid-course correction 

need should be part of this phase. 

Institutionalization: How to put the strategy into the system and create a mechanism for replication and going 

to scale: The institutionalization process will go along with the stabilization process. Since the project has the 

acceptance of all the partners involved, right from the beginning and they are involved in the project 

implementation and getting the feed back, it will be easy to replicate the project and go to scale. 

5. Operational Framework 

Operational guidelines for planning, implementation and monitoring should be prepared at the beginning of the 

project that will describe the modalities for planning and implementation of various project activities. This will 

include sequencing of project activities, the implementation process to be followed, choice of technology and 

their appropriateness, roles and responsibilities of different partners, the technical standards and financial norms, 

the monitoring mechanism to be put in place and so on. Preparation of a Teachers’ Guidebook in simple language 

is a must. 

6. Concluding Remarks 

The State has a strong political will and an excellent administrative back up determined to push the sanitation 

coverage to meet the global commitment. The success of Rural Sanitation Program depends upon the extent to 

which there is a convergent action from different departments/agencies. SANJOG is a very noble concept that 

brings together these agencies to achieve a common goal. The schools, its teachers and students are a very important 

partner in this move and adoption of the strategy suggested herein will go a long way to make this convergent 

program fulfill its objectives. 


39


Background 

40 

Women’s Participation in Total Sanitation Campaign 

- The Orissa experience 

Ms. Lopamudra Tripathy* 

Orissa is one of the eastern states of India with a population of 37 million people, 85% of which live in rural areas. 

Orissa is one of the poorest states in India, with one of the highest rates of infant and maternal mortality in the 

country, as well as the lowest rate of sanitation in the country. A few years back, less than 5% of the State’s 

population had access to adequate sanitation. Towards improving the situation, the Government of Orissa joined 

the rest of the States of India to embrace the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC). The objective of TSC is to create a 

state-wide awareness for sanitation which along with water has received little attention over the years. The 

critical component of the TSC is that the beneficiaries are equal partner with equal stake in the implementation of 

both the hard and software of the programme. The activities carried out so far have focused on women as mere 

receivers rather than as significant partners that have vital role to play towards the successful implementation of 

TSC. In Orissa, there are over 2 million Self Help Groups female members in all the 30 districts. These groups of 

women over the years have been engaged in various development activities linked to their social economic well 

being. Encouragingly, many of the district administrations have expressed interest to involve these groups with 

inclusion of sanitation as part of their development programme. 

The issue – Women’s’ participation 

Studies all over the world and experience have shown that women play a significant role in influencing the 

family’s sanitary habits particularly as it affects girl-children and infants. It is assumed that a woman’s perspective 

can contribute a great deal to improve planning, functioning and utilization of the sanitary facilities, especially 

when they are made aware of the linkage that exists between safe sanitation and health and are simultaneously 

provided with appropriate training and support. Under TSC, the involvement of women has been seen as target 

groups but will be considered as informed consumers, clients and managers who are capable of making informed 

choices. They will be involved as active agents who can contribute to decision making, generation of ideas, 

mobilization of labor, providing resources and disseminating health related messages as well as act as partners 

in implementing new innovations. 

Programme strategy and activities 

It is on this basis that UNICEF has initiated a strategy towards working jointly with the Government on a pilot 

basis through its network of Women Self Help Groups (SHG) in order to improve the participation of women in 

the current drive for sanitation. This approach is designed for training Self Help Groups to manage Rural Sanitary 

Production Centers where most of the sanitary ware is produced. These women are supported with various 

women-friendly tools and technical assistance to be able to perform their function in mobilizing the community 

towards adapting better hygiene practices, creation of demand for household toilets and meeting the demand by 

constructing affordable toilets. 

* Consultant Water, Environment and Sanitation 


The current strategy is aimed at establishing/expansion/up gradation of all-women Production Centers in 

each of the UNICEF assisted district. Each Production Centre has a minimum of 25 women member from the 

local SHG. The women have been trained on various related subjects varying from production of sanitary ware, 

hygiene promotion and basic accounting/book keeping. These Production Centers double up as training centres 

for training of women masons who are encouraged to procure hardware materials from the production centers 

for the construction of individual, community, school and anganwadi (pre-school) toilets. Selection of the village 

motivators is jointly carried out with the full involvement of the women Production Functionaries, Masons and 

the Community leaders to maintain certain level of linkages and trust. Each production center is given a number 

for easy identification and each trained mason is given an identification card and linked with the Production 

Center. Processes are on for officially registering these centres with the District Water and Sanitation Missions as 

authorized producers and builders of toilets under the TSC. 

The block level Child Development Project Officer (CDPO) under the Women and Child Development 

Department is the nodal person who will identify, select, train and deploy the SHG members, monitor their 

progress and ensure continuous support and patronage by all concerned stakeholders. The technical assistance 

is garnered from the Junior Engineer of the District Mission. Participatory methods are applied in all stages of 

consultations, discussions and selection processes. 

Thus, the network has a three pronged strategy, as follows: 

l The Motivators facilitate the creation of demand and work towards bringing about the desired behavioral 

changes at the household level that includes use of toilets and adopting correct hygiene practices such as 

water handling and hand washing at critical time. The motivators earn Rs 30.00 from the Government for 

sensitizing and creation of demand for one household toilet. 

l The Production Centers produce sanitary hardware and meet the demand created by the motivators as well 

as serve as the centers for the subsequent training of local masons. 

l Trained Masons construct the individual, community, school and anganwadi toilets depending on the chosen 

option. One mason can earn a minimum of to Rs 100 per day. Participatory methods are applied in identifying 

and selecting the SHG members and the Production Centres. The criteria adopted for the selection are: 

Participatory methods are applied in identifying and selecting the SHG members and the Production Centres. 

The criteria adopted for the selection are: 

l Female members of an approved Self Help Group, above 18 years of age. 

l Living below poverty line 

l Must be belonging from same block 

l Willingness to participate and to be trained. 

l Support from husband (if married) or family member. 

The stakeholders 

Different stakeholders have different roles to play in establishing this network of SHG-led Production Centres. 

Some of them are as under: 

Child Development Project Officers (under the Women and Child Development Department) 

l Nodal persons for the community network 

l Identify and select active Self Help Groups as Production Centre holders 


41


l Identify individual members as Village Motivators, Production Centre Functionaries and Masons 

l Hold monthly meetings to review progress of work 

l Co-signatory to the SHG Bank account 

l Provide over sight, supervise and facilitate the smooth running of the production centers. 

Block level Engineer (under the District WATSAN Missions) 

l Provide technical supervision for the production of sanitary hardware 

l Support the technical training for the women masons 

l Jointly with the nodal officers hold monthly meeting with the SHG members to review progress of work 

l Register the SHG members with the District Mission and ensure patronage 

l Monitor and provide technical input for the construction of the individual household toilets 

UNICEF 

l Training for the Village Motivators on behavioral change communication 

l Training of Production Centre Functionaries 

l Provision of women-friendly tools and equipment 

l Provision of moulds and shutters 

l Provision of start-off construction materials 

l Provision of lady bicycles to facilitate mobility 

l Support in demand creation strategies and activities 

The achievements 

UNICEF and the state Government started this process in mid 2005 in one of the tribal districts of Orissa. Today, 

the process has spread to 8 districts and has established 105 production centres with over 5000 village level 

motivators and 2500 women functionaries who are actively supporting the Total Sanitation Campaign. 

Key lessons 

l The capacity of the local women to facilitate community processes should not be underestimated. However, 

they need constant hand holding and support, especially from the Government. 

l Community management only becomes a reality if decision making, including financial control is devolved 

to the women 

l Decision making implies that communities have choices to make throughout the project process. Systems 

are therefore needed to provide people with an informed choice of options. 

l For the women to become active in development, it requires quality facilitation. Once developed, a successful 

demand driven approach can achieve more in a year than a decade of top-down service provision. 

l Demand and supply must go hand in hand. 

42 



Why are we celebrating 2008 

as the International Year of Sanitation? 

- Aidan Cronin* 

Why is sanitation important? Actually the first question to ask is who does the lack of sanitation hit the hardest? 

The answer is simple – children. One quarter of all child deaths are directly attributable to poor water and 

sanitation. The scale of the problem can be seen when one realises that improved sanitation has yet to reach 

almost 980 million children under 18 years old. It is even more sobering to reflect that every day on this planet 

5000 children under the age of 5 die from diarrhoeal diseases. It can not be denied - these numbers are of 

epidemic proportions: the time for action is now. The opportunity given to us by the International Community 

naming 2008 as the International Year of Sanitation allows us to focus on 5 key points and some related statistics. 

1. Sanitation is vital for human health. 

l Improved sanitation and hygiene reduces diarrhoea-related deaths by two thirds. 

l 1 gram of excreta can contain up to 1 crore of viruses. 

l In India, 5 of the 10 top killer diseases of children aged 1-5 are mainly caused by poor sanitation, inadequate 

water supply and poor personal hygiene: Diarrhoea, Jaundice, Malaria, Schistosomiasis, Hookworm, and 

Ascariasis claim thousands of lives every day 

l Poor hygiene affects the respiratory system and aggregates the acute respiratory infections which is 6% 

among children (NFHS-III, 2005-06) 

l Poor sanitation contributes to the high malnutrition among children which is 40% (NFHS-III, 2005-06) 

2. Sanitation generates economic benefits. . 

l According to WHO, achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) for sanitation would result in $66 

billion gained through time, productivity, averted illness and death and health expenses (Hutton and Haller, 

2004) 

l For every 10% increase in female literacy (due to increased school attendance where proper sanitation facilities 

exist), a country’s economy can grow by 0.3 percent.( Brocklehurst, 2004) 

l A $1 investment in sanitation projects returns $9 (Bartram, Hutton and Haller, 2007) 

l In India poor sanitation and related disease burden result in an annual loss of 180 million man-days and an 

economic loss of Rs. 1200 crore (Central Bureau of Health Intelligence, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, 

1998-99) 

l Sanitation promotion and waste management can generate revenue and employment opportunities for 

millions particularly in toilet construction, waste recycling, fertiliser, biogas for energy use, composting etc. 

3. Sanitation contributes to dignity and social development. 

l One in four girls do not complete primary school, compared with one in seven boys (Brocklehurst,2004) 

* Water, Environment and Sanitation, UNICEF Orissa 

43


l A study by the Government of Bangladesh and UNICEF (DPHE-DPE-UNICEF, 1994) revealed an 11% increase 

in girls’ enrolment mainly due to the provision of sanitary latrines. 

l The WHO estimates that 194 million schooldays, resulting from fewer incidents of diarrhoea, would be 

gained annually if the MDGs for sanitation were met. (Bartram, Hutton and Haller, WHO 2004.) 

l The ratio of girls/boys in school is 81% girls and 85% boys. The female and male school completion rates are 

just 34% for girls and 49% for boys (NFHS-III, 2005-06). Proper sanitation facilities in the schools help in 

improving girls’ enrolment. 

l Poor and inaccessible sanitation facilities impact the dignity, self esteem, and security of women. 

4. Sanitation helps the environment. 

l Over 500,000 tonnes of faeces are openly defecated every day to the environment around the world. That’s 

enough to fill three football stadia – every day!!!! 

l Imagine a community of 10,000 inhabitants, 30% of whom practice open defecation. Since each person 

produces 150 grams of faeces a day, open defecation would result in 450 kg daily or more than 3 tonnes a 

week – or 100 full dump trucks’ worth of human excrement annually – deposited in the community! 

l Approximately 90% of sewage and 70% of industrial waste in developing countries are discharged untreated 

into watercourses, often polluting the usable water supply 

l About 38 million metric tones of municipal solid waste are generated in urban India annually. Out of the 

total municipal waste collected, on an average 94% is dumped on land and only 5% is composted (Report of 

the Technology Advisory Group on Solid Waste Management, Ministry of Urban Development, 2005) 

5. Improving sanitation is achievable. 

l The cost of meeting the sanitation Millennium Development Goals per year until 2015 is $9.5 billion. If 

sustained, the same investment could achieve basic sanitation for the entire world within one or two decades; 

This sum is less than 1% of world military spending in 2005 and one-third of the estimated global spending 

on bottled water. 

l 1.2 billion people have gained access to improved sanitation from 1990 – 2004 

l India has improved its rural sanitation coverage from 26% rural coverage during 2005-06 to 50% based on 

the estimates of DDWS MIS 2008. Orissa has already reached over 30% sanitation coverage – a figure which 

is still rising! 

l More than Rs 13,500 crore investment has been committed to reach full sanitation by 2012 (DDWS 2008) 

UNICEF works in more than 90 countries around the world to improve water supplies and sanitation facilities in 

schools and communities, and to promote safe hygiene practices. We support a wide range of activities and work 

with many partners, including governments, like-minded organizations, communities, and families. In 

emergencies we provide urgent relief to communities and nations threatened by disrupted water supplies and 

disease. UNICEF’s Child’s Environment Programme in Orissa is working with Government on three flagship 

programmes implemented by the State Government namely, Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), Accelerated Rural 

Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) and National Rural Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme 

(NRWQMSP). Our focus would be to practically build capacity within partners to ensure these programmes are 

planned and implemented in the best possible way and the benefits can be maximized for the children of Orissa. 

44 


These include how to overcome blockages, technical and institutional, in School Sanitation and Hygiene Education, 

Water Quality and Household latrine usage. UNICEF works with Orissa State Water and Sanitation Mission in 

order: 

l To advocate and find ways forward, with active participation of all concerned departments, to make sanitation 

a key state agenda issue. 

l To expand the School Sanitation programme in the State and eventually ensure all schools have toilets 

l To develop innovative ways for raising community awareness and social mobilization 

l Capacity building of PRIs and support agencies. 

l Facilitate cross state learning and exchange of best practice on sanitation. 

UNICEF works with the government in developing and implementing a range of replicable models for 

sanitation, hygiene and water supply; elements from these helps influence Govt. policy and programmes. UNICEF 

has also 5 target districts that it supports the DWSM in, namely Koraput, Raygada, Ganjam, Dhenkanal and 

Mayurbhanj. Sanitation coverage in Koraput, for example, has increased from 1% in 2003 to 28% as of today and 

has 6 Applications for NGP in 2007 as against 1 in 2006 – these are concrete results from our partnerships which 

must be continued to meet the targets we have set ourselves. UNICEF also strongly supports school sanitation. 

Children have a great ability to influence their families and communities to advance sanitation. This fact that 

they can act as agents for change in their own communities also underlines the immense importance of communities 

themselves being involved in sanitation change. From its worldwide experience, UNICEF is developing key 

building blocks for accelerating progress on sanitation, including new strategies for improved service delivery 

and – most important of all – promoting behaviour change to ensure the sustainability of sanitation programmes 

for years to come. 

Now is the time to act. The renowned medical journal The Lancet stated earlier this year that sanitation has 

languished at the bottom of the international agenda for far too long and the global health community has been 

complicit in letting it stay. Hence, to achieve better results, for both health and sanitation, then better convergence 

between these two sectors is needed. Households, communities, local and national governments, civil society, 

and private companies also all need to work together. Media and public opinion around the world can influence 

political leaders to act now. For this audience of politicians and government officials and resource managers, the 

International year of Sanitation is helping to increase substantive awareness, ideally leading to decisive actions 

in support of improved sanitation. 

Orissa is launching the International Year of Sanitation and there are very exciting times ahead. For the first 

time TSC coordinators are being placed at block level to support communities to increase sanitation. Melas and 

meetings are planned at GP level by SWSM, with UNICEF support, to raise awareness on the importance of 

sanitations and to discuss the options available. The motto of International Year of Sanitation is ‘A toilet for 

everyone: together we can do it!’ which reflects the goal of the newly launched TSC Guidelines. In this International 

Year of Sanitation, let us mobilise together for increased sanitation coverage and sustained usage so that the 

children of Orissa can enjoy the fruits of better public health and a safer environment. 


“Sanitation is more important than independence”. 


45


INTRODUCTION 

46 

*Nuapada-Beginning of New Generation 

Water Supply in Odisha 

Nuapada district is located in western part of Orissa lying between 20° 0' N and 21° 5' N latitudes and between 

82° 20' E and 82° 40' E longitudes. Its boundaries extend in the north, west and south to Raipur district in Madhya 

Pradesh and in the east to Bargarh, Balangir and Kalahandi districts. This district is spread over in an area of 

3407.5 km² and the administrative headquarters is located at Nuapada. 

This district has 273 known floride affected villages in high concentration. 

GEOMORPHOLOGY 

Forest cover in Nuapada is 1865.44 km², equivalent to 3.2% of the entire state and 48% of the district. The plains 

of Nuapada sub-division fringed by rugged hill ranges stretch southward, which belong to the main line of the 

Eastern Ghats and contain extensive plateaus of about 4000 ft. in elevation with long tropical grass grown over 

them. The hillsides are covered with dense sal forests. The area is mostly dry deciduous forest zone. 

HYDROGEOLOGY 

The Nupada district comes under survey of India toposheet Nos.64 L/5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,11, 12, 15, 16 and 64 K/12. 

The measure litho units of the area are khondalites, Charnockites and Granite gneisses belonging to eastern ghat 

super group over lain by shales, lime stone and sand stones of upper proterozoic (Chhatisgarh group) in the 

western part. The drainage pattern is dendritic to sub dendritic in nature. The ground water occurs under phreatic 

condition in the shallow weathered zones and in semi confined to confined condition in deeper fractures and the 

concentration of fluoride is higher than the permissible limit of drinking water standard in the granitic rocks. 

RIVERS, CANALS AND WATERWAYS 

River Jonk, Sundar(Indra), Udanti & Ong are the principal rivers of the district, which are often subjected to 

floods. Silda, Khohjharia,& Ahalya are the hill streams found in the district. These are perennial in nature 

although during February to June the flowage is considerably reduced. 

ENGINEERING EREPORT 

Nuapada district comprises of 05 (five) blocks namely (1) Nuapada (2) Komna (3) Khariar (4) Boden & (5) Sinapali. 

There are total 653 Nos of revenue villages having total 2431 habitations. As per the water quality report of 

RWS&S Division, Nuapada, 947 habitations of 273 villages are affected with fluoride beyond permissible limit (> 

1.5 ppm). The affected villages are mainly from the blocks Komna & Boden & Sinapali & scattered patches of 

Nuapada & Khariar blocks. 

* Prashanta Kumar Panigrahi, C.E, Bibekananda Mohapatra, S.E., Gobind Pattanaik, S.E., M.L. Tiwari, A.E., P.K. Mohapatra, A.E., S.K. 

Rath, A.E., J.B. Patra, Geologist 


As such using ground water as source for drinking water should be avoided as far as practicable. 

On the contrary, the district has been blessed with perennial water sources in the form of river Jonk, Sundar, 

Ong & Udanti. Also there are 4 Nos of medium irrigation projects namely (1) Upper Jonk Irrigation Project on 

river Jonk at Patora (2) Dumerbahal Irrigation Project on river Ong (3) Saipala Mdium Irrigation project on river 

Ong & (4) Sundar Irrigation Project on river Sundar and one more lower Indra Project under construction on 

river Sundar (Indra). The details of irrigation projects have been given in Geological report. 

All the above irrigation projects can be explored as safe and adequate drinking water sources for villages 

under different blocks in the following manner. 

Sl No. Irrigation Projects. Blocks 

(That can be provided with water supply ) 

1. Upper Jonk Irrigation Projects. Nuapada. 

2. Dumer Bahal Irrigation Projects. Nuapada. 

3. Saipala Irrigation Projects. Komna block & a part of Nuapada. 

4. Sundar Irrigation Project. Komna Block. 

River Sundar flows from North to South through Komna, Boden & Khariar blocks. Thus a part of Komna & 

major parts of Boden & Khariar blocks can be provided with safe drinking water through intake well & infiltration 

gallery at different locations along the course of the river. 

River Udanti flows from west to east almost through the Sinapali block. The stretched sand bed covering 

the flood plain serves as ideal sites for intake well being fed with subsurface flow of perennial nature. The river 

source can be utilized for covering almost the Sinapali block & a major portion of Boden block where the fluoride 

has been encountered in an acute manner. 

As a part of water supply measure 21Nos of Rural Piped Water Supply Schemes amounting to total estimated 

cost of Rs.276 crores under submission programme have been proposed to cover all the habitations affected by 

fluoride and other villages en-route. 

Attempts have been made to provide water supply through this Mega Project to most of the coverable area 

as far as practicable. However suitable provisions should be made separately for certain lone habitations at high 

elevation or villages those are beyond reach of the sources proposed. 


The state has formed a Task 

Force to combat flouride in 

Orissa and Nuapada district is 

the beginning... 

47


48 

Hon’ble Chief Minister 

addressing on the occasion 

of SANJOG 

Hon’ble Minister Rural Development felicitating NGP awardee in SANJOG 



Inaugural Ceremony of PWS, Trahi Achyutnagar, Jhintsasan 

Union Secretary and Chief Secretary discussing at Kankia 

49


50 

Fountain in Sundarpur Gravity Flow Water Supply, Ganjam 

Visit of Tribal school Kankia 



Sri A. Bhatacharya, IAS, Joint Secretary, GoI in Parimal Gram, Bahalpur, Ganjam 

In a kitchen using Bio-gas, Surjyanarayanpur, Ganjam 

Discussion with villagers 

51


52 

Spring based water supply, Gajapati 

A baby enjoying spring based drinking water 

Infiltration well, Karadabadi, Ganjam 

Hill Top Reservior, Kotinada, Ganjam 



Spring based Water Supply, Kashipur, Rayagada 

Anti-Cholera Special Drive, Rayagada 

53


54 

Dilution for Fluoride Nandapalli of Bolagarh, Khurda 

1.5 MLD Treatment Plant, Bhusandpur, Khurda 

Source Exploration for PWS to Nirakarpur 



RWS&S, Subarnapur 

Recharge Structure-Chutianala, Raruan, Mayurbhanj 

55


56 

Two lakhs ltrs. Capacity Under Ground Reservoir-Subarnapur, Cuttack 

Pump House - Chiletmunda, Sundergarh 

Water Supply to Panchayat Office 



Infiltration Well, Gobardhan, Keonjhar 

RWS&S, Koraput District 

57


58 

Intake well-Kridaspur, Nayagarh OHT-Gambhariguda, Dharmagarh, Kalahandi 



RWS&S Division Office, Bargarh 

Chief Engineer’s interaction with staff at newly constructed division office building 

Exhibition stall by DWSM, Bargarh on the eve of “Dhanuyatra-2008” Technical workshop RWS&S Circle, Sambalpur 

59


60 

34 District Laboratories in our State 

District Laboratory RWS&S Division, Sambalpur 



Media and Total Sanitation Campaign 

61


62 



63


64 



Annexure-1 

Year wise GP intervention plan 

Sl. Districts Total no. Total no. GPs to be 

GPs to be focussed for 100% 

No. of GPs of Blocks Intervened in 

2008 & Min cov. 

covered 

(20%) annually 2008 2009 2010 2011 

1 Angul 209 8 190 40 56 72 22 

2 Balangir 285 14 285 70 98 117 

3 Baleswar 289 12 240 60 84 96 

4 Bargarh 248 12 244 60 84 100 

5 Bhadrak 193 7 179 35 49 63 32 

6 Boudh 63 3 55 15 21 19 

7 Cuttack 342 14 320 70 98 126 26 

8 Debagarh 60 3 57 15 21 21 

9 Dhenkanal 199 8 189 40 56 72 21 

10 Gajapati 129 7 125 35 49 41 0 

11 Ganjam 475 22 451 110 154 187 

12 Jagatsingpur 194 8 189 40 56 72 21 

13 Jajapur 280 10 274 50 70 90 64 

14 Jharsuguda 78 5 74 25 35 14 

15 Kalahandi 273 13 268 65 91 112 

16 Kandhamal 153 12 146 60 84 2 

17 Kendrapara 230 9 230 45 63 81 41 

18 Kendujhar 286 13 275 65 91 117 2 

19 Khorda 168 10 155 50 70 35 

20 Koraput 226 14 217 70 98 49 

21 Malkangiri 108 7 104 35 49 20 0 

22 Mayurbhanj 382 26 370 130 182 58 

23 Nabarangpur 169 10 164 50 70 44 

24 Nayagarh 179 8 171 40 56 72 3 

25 Nuapada 109 5 105 25 35 45 

26 Puri 230 11 182 55 77 50 

27 Rayagada 171 11 165 55 77 33 

28 Sambalpur 148 9 144 45 63 36 0 

29 Sonepur 96 6 89 30 42 17 

30 Sundargarh 262 17 253 85 119 49 

6234 314 5910 1570 2198 1910 232 

65


66 

Annexure-2 

List of Parimal Mitra Awardees 

Sl. District No. of Block GPs Name of the Sarpanch No. of toilet Award 

No. Parimal installedMoney 

Mitra in Rs. 

1. Angul 4 Kaniha Susaba Smt. Sanjukta Sahu 514 50,000 

2. Talcher Gobara Smt. Pramita Behera 1012 1,00,000 

3. Talcher Gurujanguli Sri Muralidhar Behera 549 50,000 

4. Talcher Jagannathpur Sri Bijaya Behera 591 50,000 

5. Baragarh 2 Baragarh Dumarpali Smt. Lochana Sahu 506 50,000 

6. Gaisilet Katabahal Sri Indra Pradhan 507 50,000 

7. Cuttack 1 Mahanga Kundi Sri Dhirendra Kumar Sahoo 526 50,000 

8. Ganjam 1 Khallikote Kanchana Sri Jaysen Ghose 1148 1,00,000 

9. Jajpur 1 Sukinda Bandhagaon Smt. Banita Dehuri 501 50,000 

10. Kalahandi 1 Kesinga KatikhojSri Niranjan Nanda 518 50,000 

11. Keonjhar 1 Patna Bounsili Sri Chandrabhanu Naik 709 50,000 

12. Malkangiri 3 Korukonda Tendapally Kum. Papita Ajmera 528 50,000 

13. Malkangiri BLPur/Markapali Sri Nilakantha Jhola 541 50,000 

14 Malkangiri Sindrimala Smt. Janaki Dantakala 512 50,000 

15. Mayurbhanj3 Karanjia Chitraposi Sri Jagannath Naik 674 50,000 

16. Betnoti Sathilo Sri Lasa Hembram 541 50,000 

17. Bahalda Soso Sri Madan Mohan Majhi 522 50,000 

18. Nayagarh 1 Odgaon Komand Sri Nilamani Sahoo 520 50,000 

19. Nuapada 2 Komna Pendraban Smt. Sahamukhi Benal 518 50,000 

20. Komna Kurumpuri Sri Ram Naresh Ahir 506 50,000 

21. Sambalpur 2 Bamna Govindpur Sri Bhabani Sankar Naik 1270 1,00,000 

22. Rengali Laida Smt. Subarna Behera 574 50,000 

23. Puri 3 Nimapada Chhanijanga Smt. Jyotsna Rani Bhoi 584 50,000 

24. Gop Dhumal Sri Jayanta Kumar Ray 592 50,000 

25. Kakatpur Bangurigaon Smt. Kadambari Behera 590 50,000 

Total 25 11,00,000 



Annexure-3 

List of Best Junior Engineers on Jaldhara 

Sl. Division Sub-Division JE Name Name of No of 

No the section Schemes 

1 Bhubaneswar Khurda Er. P.C.Behera Chilika& Banpur 20 

2 Bhubaneswar Khurda Er. D.K. Mohanty Begunia 16 

3 Gajapati R.Udayagiri Er. A.Chakardhara Mohana 15 

4 Koraput Jaipur Er.A.N.Sahu Boriguma 15 

5 Bargarh No.II,Bargarh Er. T. Atti Attabira 14 

6 Balasore Balasore Er. Chittaranjan Patra Nilagiri 14 

7 Gajapati Paralakhemundi Er.Promodini Maharana Guma 14 

8 Nayagarh Nayagarh Er.L.Das Nayagarh 13 

9 Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar Er. M.R.Hota Balianta 13 

10 Bhubaneswar Khurda Er. S.K. Sahoo Tangi 12 

11 Cuttack Athagarh Er.D.K.Sahoo Narasinghpur 12 

12 Puri Puri Sri Nilamadhab Mahasethy Puri Sadar 11 

13 Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar Er. N.Pradhan Balipatna 11 

14 Sundargarh Rajgangpur Er. H.P. Dalei Rajgangpur & Kutra 10 

15 Bhubaneswar Khurda Er. B.K. Rayaguru Bolagarh 10 

16 Jagatsinghpur Raghunathpur Er. R.C.Behera Biridi 9 

17 Cuttack Cuttack Sadar Er.Naresh Kumar Das Cuttack Sadar 9 

18 Cuttack Cuttack Sadar Er.Kalu Chandra Behera Baranga 9 

19 Nayagarh Nayagarh Er. P.K.Mohapatra Odagaon 9 

20 Rairangpur Karanjia Er. D.Nayak Raruan 9 

21 Nayagarh Dasapalla Er. S.Dalai Daspalla 9 

22 Nayagarh Dasapalla Er. R.C.Mohapatra Nuagaon 9 

23 Gajapati Paralakhemundi Er.S.B.Chandra Patra Ghosani 9 

24 Jagatsinghpur Raghunathpur Er. R.K.Sethi Raghunathpur 8 

25 Balasore Balasore Er. Sukumar Nayak Remuna 8 

26 Puri Puri Er. Binod Bihari Sahoo Brahmagiri & 8 

Krushnaprasad 

27 Cuttack Salipur Er.B.K.Sethy Mahanga 8 

28 Koraput Jeypore Er. R.K.Ghadai. Jeypore 8 

29 Jagatsinghpur Raghunathpur Er. R.N.Jena Tirtol 8 

30 Bargarh No.II,Bargarh Er. S.Ch. Sahoo Padmapur 8 

31 Cuttack Charbatia Er.Malay Kumar Mishra Tangi Choudwar 8 

67


68 

Annexure-4 

Status of Individual Household Latrines (IHL) 

Sl. No. District Total Target During2007-08 Cumulative Progress 

1 Angul 186809 13483 34923 

2 Balangir 342234 9117 50475 

3 Baleswar 384003 9323 221307 

4 Bargarh 315882 22946 47738 

5 Bhadrak 218481 7337 77850 

6 Boudh 92672 13089 18779 

7 Cuttack 364874 28167 82356 

8 Debagarh 62958 4329 15222 

9 Dhenkanal 190307 8947 38113 

10 Gajapati 110192 5270 10943 

11 Ganjam 451316 36531 175417 

12 Jagatsinghapur 212333 17647 55066 

13 Jajapur 354399 17933 80042 

14 Jharsuguda 67929 2853 9458 

15 Kalahandi 296373 22720 33221 

16 Kandhamal 155540 8278 21885 

17 Kendrapara 216192 4564 68564 

18 Kendujhar 263448 17384 40142 

19 Khordha 230593 7482 99785 

20 Koraput 264201 13265 62270 

21 Malkangiri 131708 11687 15791 

22 Mayurbhanj 562768 65256 107911 

23 Nabarangapur 254495 10909 31395 

24 Nayagarh 207312 20401 63510 

25 Nuapada 128790 9908 13438 

26 Puri 231132 28161 69375 

27 Rayagada 212204 19511 29223 

28 Sambalpur 148615 11774 32528 

29 Sonepur 107118 12518 22157 

30 Sundargarh 291770 14167 126755 

Grand Total 7056648 474957 1755639 



Annexure-5 

Status of School and Anganwadi Toilets 

School Toilets Anganwadi Toilets 

Sl. District Total During Cumulative Total During Cumulative 

No. Target 2007-08 Progress Target 2007-08 Progress 

1 Angul 2040 1108 1518 795 150 377 

2 Balangir 2400 764 1701 915 621 803 

3 Baleswar 3787 230 1700 1849 60 113 

4 Bargarh 2393 1184 2136 361 35 385 

5 Bhadrak 1855 163 949 1190 30 319 

6 Boudh 1033 527 713 258 166 241 

7 Cuttack 2426 855 1219 42 40 41 

8 Debagarh 620 340 615 190 0 221 

9 Dhenkanal 2065 715 1001 690 181 296 

10 Gajapati 1438 250 619 630 217 456 

11 Ganjam 4235 860 2110 2505 696 786 

12 Jagatsinghapur 2434 1004 1105 955 34 36 

13 Jajapur 3414 475 1115 1355 29 30 

14 Jharsuguda 811 329 786 433 207 431 

15 Kalahandi 2330 334 435 676 110 208 

16 Kandhamal 1812 262 578 937 167 278 

17 Kendrapara 2583 408 989 1064 0 0 

18 Kendujhar 5428 580 1189 1590 103 546 

19 Khordha 2431 312 1476 150 0 184 

20 Koraput 2659 1105 1883 1130 289 619 

21 Malkangiri 1650 214 549 534 138 252 

22 Mayurbhanj 4642 507 1202 1698 55 1560 

23 Nabarangapur 1838 285 475 378 220 394 

24 Nayagarh 1993 232 1078 34 0 123 

25 Nuapada 941 522 624 585 374 523 

26 Puri 2250 477 850 1130 57 85 

27 Rayagada 2931 296 596 1001 84 108 

28 Sambalpur 2217 566 1039 480 161 453 

29 Sonepur 1563 439 702 214 107 140 

30 Sundargarh 2444 420 1945 1391 148 556 

Grand Total 70663 15763 32897 25160 4479 10564 

69


70 

Annexure-6 

Financial Progress under TSC 

Release Amount 

(within finance year 2007-08) 

(Rs. in lakhs) 

Expenditure Amount 

(within finance year 2007-08) 

Sl. 

No. 

District Center State Comm Total Center State Comm Total 

1 Angul 336.06 105.63 32.5 474.29 177.30 57.31 32.5 267.11 

2 Baleswar 221.37 170.20 41.64 313.01 65.18 21.68 11.75 98.61 

3 Bargarh 459.67 50.00 43.90 562.49 251.5 92.36 43.9 387.76 

4 Bhadrak 0 146.61 23.82 44.46 80.18 27.17 18.44 125.79 

5 Balangir 0 20.64 22.92 193.12 201.6 37.22 22.92 261.74 

6 Boudh 197.88 16.09 213.97 111.35 18.78 16.09 146.21 

7 Cuttack 0 86.00 0 86.00 401.24 56.78 0 458.01 

8 Debagarh 0 46.46 0 56.46 46.68 17.48 4.32 68.48 

9 Dhenkanal 0 86.00 0 86.00 103.82 36.86 27.07 167.75 

10 Gajapati 220.37 50.00 15.00 285.37 138.93 51.13 15.00 205.07 

11 Ganjam 0 171.00 102.53 273.53 441.12 145.66 102.53 689.31 

12 Jagatsinghapur 0 149.56 2.44 127.00 164.78 40.77 2.44 207.99 

13 Jajapur 488.07 42.79 530.86 141.9 1.88 42.79 186.57 

14 Jharsuguda 0 39.79 8.21 200.35 125.59 22.31 0.52 148.42 

15 Kalahandi 0 0 0 130.78 39.45 0 170.23 

16 Kandhamal 338.09 0 338.09 145.41 0.98 0 146.39 

17 Kendrapara 0 54.01 0 55 102.01 18.64 0 120.66 

18 Kendujhar 0 59.43 59.43 199.66 42.01 58.65 300.32 

19 Khordha 646.39 31.25 18.94 696.58 145.26 31.23 18.94 195.43 

20 Koraput 0 97.10 51.33 148.43 231.07 83.38 39.13 353.58 

21 Malkangiri 305.71 50.00 51.48 861.07 87.96 49.78 49.76 187.5 

22 Mayurbhanj 928.15 52.90 100.28 1038.79 446.56 155.46 100.28 702.3 

23 Nuapada 274.88 21.63 296.51 161.96 43.98 21.63 227.56 

24 Nabarangapur 403.33 60.80 0 403.33 14.17 4.04 0 18.21 

25 Nayagarh 0 62.65 123.45 212.67 82.42 62.65 357.74 

26 Puri 0 181.00 90.48 271.48 348.75 129.92 90.48 569.16 

27 Rayagada 479.58 50.00 26.79 506.37 108.4 29.49 28.36 166.25 

28 Sambalpur 301.90 30.06 331.96 175.04 0 30.06 205.10 

29 Sonepur 256.95 35.62 292.57 120.86 23.52 20.77 165.15 

30 Sundargarh 0 100.95 38.46 239.4 212.59 75.54 40.61 328.74 

Total 5858.40 1799.90 938.99 9109.37 5294.31 1437.23 901.59 7633.12 



Annexure-7 

List of Piped Water Supply Schemes completed during 2007-08 

District Angul 

Angul Block Banarpal Block 18 Bhaliabeda (Tala sahi) Pallahara 

1 Badadandasahi 11 Apartipur 19 Gaham (Nuasahi) 26 Gadaramunda 

2 Badkera 12 Boinda 27Jharalo (Jharbeda) 

3 Baluakata 13 Nuapada Kishorenagar 28 Kalanda 

4 Bedasasan 14 Pandaravarania 20 Angapada & Turuda 

5 Gouda sahi 21 Badadangiani 

6 Karamangasahi Chhendipada Block 22 Handapa & its adj. 

Athamallick Block 15 Balipata 23 Jiral 

7Rugudiapada 16 Naupada 24 Luhamunda & its adj. 

8 Akharakata 25 Raghunathpur ( Urukula) 

9 Jharboinda Kaniha 

10 Paika Sahi 17Baradangua 

District Balasore 

Bahanaga Bhograi 55 Saladahar 72 Ganeswarpur 

29 Kuruda 42 Bajitpur 56 Balipal & its adj. 73 Haripur & adj 

30 Anji 43 Balim 57 Baunsapal 74 Mahmadabad 

44 Mohagab 58 Begunia 75 Nuaparhi 

Balasore sadar 59 Dhobsila 76 Srijang & its adj. 

31 Bardhanpur Jaleswar 60 Jaganathpur & its adj. 77 Talapada 

32 Bhimpur 45 Bhadua 61 K.C.Pur (Betakata) 

33 Chandipur & its adj. 46 Mauhuma (Mahuduma) 62 Kathagochhi Simulia 

34 Fulwarkasaba & its adj. 47 Olmara 63 Mahisapatta 78 Bati & Adj Vill 

35 Kasafal 48 Paschimbad & its adj. 64 Mardarajpur 79 Jamjhadi & Adj Vill 

36 Sartha 65 Patna Jambani 80 Maitapur 

Khaira 66 Salabani 81 Maitapur & Adj Vill 

Baliapal 49 Banaparia (Banapadhia) 82 Shyamsundarpur 

37Dagara 50 Dungura & Adj Vill Oupada 

38 Ratei 51 Garsang & Adj Vill 67Badhi Soro 

52 Rapeya & its adj. 68 Baunsabania 83 Nadigaon 

Basta 69 Kandagaradi 84 Sarasankha 

39 Darada Nilagiri 85 Tentei 

40 Jamalpur 53 Kansa Remuna 

41 Kusudiha 54 Narasinghpur 70 Bhimpura & its adj. 

71 Fakirmohan Nagar (Karanjia) 

71


72 

District Bargarh 

Ambabhona 106 Sodhapali Bijepur Padampur 

86 Bhoinatora Barapalli 123 Arda 139 Chandipali 

87Biligarh 107Agalpur 124 Badbaunsen 140 Charpali 

88 Jharpali 108 Kanbar 125 Gudimunda 141 Dahigaon 

89 Kandpala 109 Lenda 126 Jalpali 142 Kansingha 

90 Narangpur Bargarh 127Jokhipali 

91 Teleimal 110 Kalapani 128 Kurkuta Paikamal 

Atabira 111 Kuruan 129 Kurlamunda 143 Mithapali 

92 Kultatukura 112 Nuagudeisira 130 Saipali 144 Chetgaon 

93 Larasara 113 S.Dumerpali 

94 Katabaga Budhapali Sohela 

95 Kharmunda Bhatli 131 Budhapali 145 Barpadar 

96 Kuketira 114 Bhadigaon 146 Birjam 

97Lachida & adj. 115 Chadeigaon Gaisilat 147Chhuriapali 

98 Laderpali 116 Keseipali 132 Jagalpat 148 Jhar 

99 Lahanda 117 Kharsal 133 Gourenmunda 149 Kanapali 

100 Lurupali 118 Nuagarh 134 Guderpali 

101 Nuapada Bheden 135 Kandagarh 

102 Saranda & Chakuli 119 Bakti 136 Kermeli 

103 Sareikela 120 Hatgaon Jharbandh 

104 Sindurbahal 121 Piplipali & Saharatikira 137Bhandarpuri 

105 Singhpali 122 Telmenda 138 Jagdalpur 

District Bhadrak 

Bhadrak Bonth 154 Jashipur Tihidi 

150 Kaupur 152 Chhayalsingh & adj. 155 Panchutikiri 158 Gadi (Rajnagar) 

156 Nalagohira 159 Kolha 

Bhandaripokhari Chandabali Dhamnagar 

151 Banasta 153 Baligaon 157Chudakuti 

District Bolangir 

Agalpur 172 Mundapadar 182 Gurjibhata 192 Jamgaon 

160 Badkholliopolly 173 Themra & Jamtara 183 Kandajuri 

161 Samelmunda 184 Loisingha Saintala 

162 Tentulikhunthi Deogaon 185 Pandarani 193 Brahmani 

174 Dumerpita 186 Pipili 194 Deng 

Bolangir 175 Gambharimal 195 Kandhakelgaon 

163 Bidighat (Paridhiapali) 176 Ratanpur Muribahal 196 Mahagaon 

164 Hardatal 177 Satighat 187 Belpadar 197 Samara 

165 Nuapada 178 Tangurupadar 188 Malisira 198 Santuper 

166 Patherchepa 189 Tentelkhunti 199 Sargipali 

167Rinbachan Gudvela 

168 Sibtala 179 Santarakmunda Patnagarh Titilagarh 

190 Dumerpadar 200 Gandhargala 


Bangomunda Loisingha 

169 Belpada 180 Ambapali Puintala Tureikela 

170 Bhalumunda 181 Banipali 191 Bhaller 201 Dhumsu 

171 Jharial 

District Cuttack 

Banki Damapada 220 Kurangsasan Narasinghpur Salipur 

202 Padanpur 221 Maidharpada 243 Badabhuin & adj. 267Betei 

222 Sainso 244 Baselihata & adj 268 Bhimdaspur 

Athagarh 245 Ekadal & adj. 269 Laxminarayanpur 

203 Mancheswar & Adj Villages Cuttack Sadar 246 Kanpur ( Aug ) 270 Mohanpur 

204 Brahmanbasta 223 Bamburi 247 Odasinga 271 Pradhanpada 

205 Ghantikhal & adj 224 Barada 248 Padamal 272 Raisunguda 

206 Megha & adj. 225 Biribati 249 Trilochanpur 

226 Gatiroutpatna 250 Sagar & Salasala Tangi Choudwar 

Banki Damapada 227Jhinkiria 251 Kakudia 273 Alana 

207Singhanathpur 228 Kandarpur 252 Kamaladiha 274 Agrahata 

229 Nimesapur 253 Rusipada & its adj 275 Amarabatipur 

Banki-I 254 Siaria & adj. 276 Bhatiamunda & Adj 

Vill 

208 Baraput Kantapada 277 Guali 

230 Bagalpur Niali 278 Madhapur 

Baramba 231 Dhanmandal 255 Jallarpur & adj. 279 Mahishalanda 

209 Gopapur & its adj. 232 Gunadol 256 Kanitsal 280 Nuapatna 

210 Janisahi 233 Sundargram 257 Madhaba & Adj Vill 

211 Jhajia 258 Nati Tigiria 

212 Mahulia & adj. Mahanga 259 Ratanpur 281 Bindhanima & Adj 

260 Assureswar Villages 

213 Manpur 234 Anandapur 282 Pankal 

235 Gokan & adj. Nischintakoili 283 Tigiria & Adj Villages 

Barang 236 Gopalpur, Sukleswar & Adj Villages 

214 Sumandi 237 Jaleswarpur 261 Buhalpur 

215 Belagachhia & adj. 238 Jhadeswarpur 262 Katarapada 

216 Brahmanjharilo 239 Kurjanga 263 Kulanganisalo 

217Khalarda 240 Mouda 264 Lendura Bhagabanpur 

218 Korakora 241 Nurtang 265 Mallickpur 

219 Kurangapradhan 242 Rahania 266 Nemalo 

District Deogarh 

Barkote Tilebani 

284 Gurusang 287Suguda 

285 Jharakandhal 288 Kansare Majhipali 

286 Kaliapal 


73


74 

District Dhenkanal 

Dhenkanal Gandia Kankadahad 301 Keundupada, Tentulei 

& Gundulei 

289 Kaimati 294 Bidharpur 297Chandapur 302 Podapada 

298 Gadapalasuni 

Dhenkanalsadar Hindol 299 Mahabirod & Adj Vill Parjanga 

290 Gohirakhal 295 Kunua 303 Ambapalsa 

291 Kakudibhag 296 Sarasanga Odapada 

292 Kankadahad 300 Balaramprasad & its adj. 

293 Manipur 

District Gajapati 

Gosani 323 Talatandaranga 341 Jodamba 357 Jullasahi 

304 Ariba 324 Tamosingi 342 Kamalapur 358 Kanakata 

305 B.Sitapur 325 Tandaranga 343 Kidasingi 359 Mahendragada 

306 Badakatu, Sanakatu & adj. 344 Lobarsingi 360 Raibada 

307Bapujipentha Kashinagar 345 Malasapadar 361 Ramagiri 

308 Bomika 326 Kidigam 362 Randiva, Parisal & 

309 Kerandi 327Ranipeta Nuagada 363 Subalada 

310 M.S.Pur 328 Hadubhangi 346 Badapada 364 Tikamal 

311 Vinala 329 Jodur Bhuinyasahi 347Baroi 365 Ranadevi 

330 Sidhamadanga 348 Janapada 

Gumma 349 Parimala Rayagada 

312 Ambaruda Mohana 350 Putrupada 366 Abasing 

313 Ashrayagada 331 Aliganda 351 Sambalpur 367Cherusahi 

314 Dantara 332 Antarba 352 Tedugu 368 Gandahati 

315 Gaiba 333 Badapur 369 Jinpur 

316 Gira 334 Badasindhiba Paralakhemundi 370 Marlaba 

317Jhami 335 Bandhaguda 353 Badanilapur 371 Narayanpur 

318 K.C.Pur 336 Chandiput 354 Sardhapur 372 Uparanlabour 

319 Kandheising 337Dhadiamba 

320 Kitamba 338 Govindapur R.Udayagiri 

321 Kujasing 339 Gundima 355 Bariamara 

322 Laxmipur 340 Jaganathpur 356 Chelagada 

District Ganjam 

Aska Dharakote Kabisuryanagar Polosara 

373 Bhetanai Panchayat Sahi 386 Dakibaja 396 Baunsia 409 S.Baragaon 

374 Gangapur 387 Kadaguda 397 Sunapali Purusottampur 

375 Mukundapur ( H. Sahi) 388 Masanibhaga 398 Luhardhepa 410 Gopinathpur 

adj. 

411 Rajpur 


Bhanajanagar Digapahandi Khallikote 

376 Kaindi 389 Bhusunda 399 Kanaka Rangeilunda 

377 Jhaliagocha 400 Keshapur 412 Chikarada 

378 Mujagada Ganjam 401 Odia Alapur 413 Indrakhi 

379 Sanakodanda, Jogimari & 390 Podagada 402 Pathara 414 Markandi 

380 Mudulipali 403 Samal 415 Ralaba 


Hinjilicut 416 Randha 

Buguda 391 Khandra Kukudakhandi 

381 Bhagabanpur 392 Nandika 404 Ankuspur Sheragada 

382 Nagudu ( H. Sahi) 405 New Boulajholi 417 Kanjiama 

Jagannathprasad 418 Pitala & its adj. 

Chikiti 393 B.D.Pur Patrapur 

383 Alladipur 394 Kadua & adj. 406 Baranga Sorada 

384 Jhatipadara 395 Rauti & adj. 407Jarada 419 Patapur 

385 Krushnapur 408 Surangigada 420 Debiri Balipanka 

District Jagatsinghpur 

Balikuda Erasama 451 Balia & adj. Tirtol 

421 Alavara 437 Baleipur 466 Behedapur & adj. 

422 Ambasal 438 Chatua Naugaon 467Bodhei 

423 Badagaon & Adj Vill 439 Kankardia 452 Arakhapari & Adj Vill 468 Jadatira 

424 Basendra 440 Krushnachandrapur & adj. 453 Chakulipada & adj. 469 Manijanga & Adj Vill 

425 Dhaniso 441 Pokhariapada & Adj Villages 454 Garei 470 Porgadei 

426 Ichhapur 455 Jamugaon 471 Posal 

427Kalio Jagatsinghpur 456 Sikhar & Osakana 472 Salampur 

428 Serailo 442 Adhanga 457Gajarajpur 

443 Alipangala & Adj Vill Tirtol/Marshaghai 

Biridi 444 Jahanpur Raghunathpur 473 Samantarapur & Paila 

429 Arana 445 Palasola & adj. 458 Adheikul 

430 Baridia 446 Sidhala & adj. 459 Baragola 

431 Chasikhanda 447Titigaon 460 Bidyadharpur 

432 Gopinathpur & adj. 461 Chhapada 

433 Hajipur & Adj Vill Kujang 462 Chikinia & adj. 

434 Manguli 448 Chardia 463 Gualipur 

435 Purana & adj Villages 449 Khuntal 464 Puruna Basanta & adj. 

436 Ukundara 450 Teramanapur 465 Redhua & Adj Villages 

District Jajpur 

Dharamasala Rasulpur 

474 Narasinghpur & adj. 476 Prathamakhandi 

475 Deoda 477 Rahamba 

75


76 

District Jharsuguda 

Jharsuguda Kirmira Laikera Lakhanpur 

478 Badamal Sahupada 485 Jharmunda 489 Aitapali 494 Gudhiali 

479 Dalki 486 Sulehi 490 Khuntamal 495 Kanaktora 

480 Jamera (Pt) 491 Pakelpada 496 Kndeikela 

481 Jamuapali Kolabira 492 Sarangloi 497Kumbharbandh 

482 Katapali ( Kukurjhangha) 487Gucchapali 493 Talmunda Laxmanpur 

483 Marakuta 488 Pokharasale 498 Remenda & Bhutia 

484 Talpatia & Tangarpali 

District Kalahandi 

Bhawanipatna 504 Merghara Junagarh M.Rampur 

499 Duarsuni & Beheraguda 505 Rajmoter 509 Naktiguda 514 Alatara 

500 Goikela Karlamunda 515 Bomok 

501 Kamthana(Balijore) Golamunda 510 Pourkela 516 Madanpur 

502 Risigaon 506 Gandamer 511 Regeda 

507Kodobhata Koksara Narla 

Dharamgarh 508 Deykote 512 Ampani 517 Godabandh 

503 Badbasul 513 Kasibahal 518 Lakhguda 

District Kendrapara 

Aul Garadpur Marshaghai Rajkanika 

519 Badanko 525 Bangalpur 530 Bachharai & Baikunthanathpur535 Baghabuda & adj 

520 Saliancha 526 Kalabuda 531 Gopei & Raichand 

527Nadiabarei Rajnagar 

Derabish 528 Patkura Pattamundai 536 Badanaukana & adj. 

521 Chandol & Adj Villages 532 Chandan Nagar & adj. 537Bhatapada & adj. 

522 Jaanrabarimul Kendrapara 533 Damarpur 538 Gopalpur & adj. 

523 Naraharipur 529 Baro & Adj Vill 534 Seckpur 539 Kuruniti 

524 Palei 

District Keonjhar 

Anandapur 544 Bala 550 Purumunda Jamudola 

540 Kolimati 545 Karanjia 551 Basantpur 556 Jamudola 

546 Nisagadia Sadar 

Bansapal 547Rajia (Pt) & Dolita(Pt) Harichandanpur 557Naranpur & adj 

541 Kumundi Ghasipura 552 Badadumuria 

542 Kanjipani 548 Alati & its adj. 553 Bhagamunda Saharpada 

Hatadihi 558 Udayapur 

Champua Ghatagaon 554 Bancho Telkoi 

543 Badani 549 Kasibeda 555 Danar 559 Khuntapada 


District Khurda 

Balianta Banapur Bhubaneswar Jatani 

560 Badachhelipatna & its 

adj. (Chhanaghar) 

584 Bhapur 609 Kantabada 633 Madanpur 

561 Bainchua & Bhelurihat 585 Dikhitipada 610 Paikarapur 634 Padanpur 

562 Benupur 586 Godijhar 611 Tikarpada 635 Pradhan sahi 

563 Brhamanasuanlo 587Goradajhari Bolagarh 636 Badaraghunathpur 

564 Budhapada 588 Khananta & its adj. 612 Arakhapalli 637Jamukoli & its adj. 

565 Janmejayapur 589 Nachuni 613 Asanpalli 638 Janala 

566 Jhintisasan & its adj 590 Sanahantuada 614 Bhabanipur & its adj. 639 Kaimatia Patana 

567Kari ( Pariapatpur) 591 Trilochanpur 615 Fasioda ( Tangi sahi) 

568 Prataprudrapur 592 Veteswar 616 Srichandanpur & its adj. Khurda 

569 Puranasasan 617Chuda & its adj. 640 Chandaka & its adj. 

570 Sarakana Begunia 618 Dabarudhua & its adj. 641 Dhaulimuhan 

571 Sudhasarangi 593 Siko ( Chhima ) & its adj. 619 Kalanga 642 Mallipur 

572 Alarpur 594 Akhupadar & its adj. 620 Nandapalli & adj. 643 Palatotapada 

595 Atri & adj. 621 Paikasahi & adj. 

596 Badaberana Tangi 

Balipatna 597Baghamari Chilika 644 Chhanagiri & its adj. 

573 Athantara 598 Basudebapur & its adj. 622 Ankula 645 Kamaguru 

574 Bhagalpur 599 Chandiapalla 623 Balinasi 646 Krupasindhupur 

575 

adj 

Biswanathpur & adj. 600 Godi & its adj. 624 Barunapada(Mansinghpur) 647Manapurpatna & its 

576 Guapur & adj. 601 Goudiapada 625 Dhunala 648 Nirakarpur 

577 Kulantragram 602 Hirapur 626 Hatabaradi & its adj. 649 Orada 

578 Kurujipur & adj. 603 Khadipadar & its adj. 627 Kaithapala 650 Panaspurpatna & its 

adj 

579 Narada 604 Kunjari 628 Kalakaleswar 651 Pariorada 

580 Nariso 605 Manapurpatna & adj. 629 Kharibandha 652 Ratamati & its adj. 

581 Pampalo 606 Radhakantapur 630 Putana 653 Ratanpur 

582 Rajas 607Routpada 631 Rahanbeli & its adj. 654 Singarama 

583 Turintra & its adj. 608 Suanlo & its adj. 632 Rajendrapur 655 Tangi 

District Koraput 

Boipariguda 671 Kumuli 685 Dangarchinchi 698 Bhusangaguda & adj. 

656 Chandrapada & adj. 672 Nuagam & adj. 686 Dhanpur 699 Ghumar 

657Dasamantpur & adj. 673 Pondasguda 687 Ekamba 

658 Doraguda & adj. 674 Ranaspur 688 Gadapadar Lamtaput 

659 Haladikund 675 Sarigiguda 689 Kaliagaon 700 Tusuba 

660 Kenduguda & adj. 676 Sasahandi (Sasahabada) 690 Konga 

661 Mahuli 691 Tankua Laxmipur 

Dasamantapur 701 Toyaput 

Borigumma 677 Podagada Koraput 

662 Benasur & adj. 678 Chikamba 692 Devighat(Deoghat) Narayanpatna 


77


78 

663 Bijapur & adj. 679 Gadiaguda 693 Lankaput 702 Balipeta & adj. 

664 Bodigam 680 Giriligumma 

665 Gujuniguda 681 Mujanga Kotpad Pottangi 

666 Gumuda 682 Murkar 694 Chandili 703 Kotia 

667Jujhari & adj. 695 Dhamanahandi Semiliguda 

668 Kamara Jeypore 696 Girla 704 Dalaiguda 

669 Katharagada 683 Anta Kundra 705 Gunthaput 

670 Konagam (Kanagam) 684 Baliagora 697Bagderi 706 Khudi & Adj. 

District Malkangiri 

Villages. 

Kalimela Korukonda Malkangiri Padia 

707 Manyamkonda & adj. 714 Chalanguda & adj. 718 Sindhirimala 724 MV-76 

708 Maranapally 719 Tamasa 725 Bapanapally & adj. 

709 MPV-21 & Arunamal Kudumuluguma 726 MPV-66 

710 MPV-33 715 Maheswarpur & adj. Mathili 727 MPV-79 

711 MPV-83 716 MV 38 720 Ambaguda 728 MV 58 

712 MV-67 717 Somanathpur 721 Chaulmendi & adj. 729 MV-96 

Khairput 722 Salimi 

713 Khemaguru 723 Udulibeda & adj. 

District Mayurbhanj 

Badasahi Bisoi Rairangpur Samakhunta 

730 Baincha 739 Luhakani 748 Guhaldangiri 759 Paikabasa 

Bahalda Joshipur 

731 Jharadihi 740 Kaluakhaman Raruan Saraskana 

Bangriposti Karanjia 750 Budamara 

749 Baidyanath 760 Joka 

732 Punasia & adj. 741 Batpalsa 751 Durdura Sukruli 

742 Bala 752 Ghagarbeda 761 Tangia 

Baripada 743 Kerkera 753 Godapalsa 

733 Budhikhamari 744 Puruna Baripada 754 Jhumkapal Suliapada 

734 Patharchakuli 755 Narasandah 762 Kanimahhuli 

Betanati Kuliana 756 Nuagaon 763 Maghianitofa 

735 Chachinapada 745 Kaubuda 757 Santabandha 

736 Tentuligaon Kusumi 

746 Hatabadra Rasgobindapur 

Bijatala 758 Chhatna 

737 Khanta Morada 

738 Bijetola 747 Khuruntia 


District Nawarangpur 

Dabugam 770 Kottagam & its adj. Villages Papadahandi Tentulikhunti 

764 Borigam 771 Motigam 778 Charmula 784 Kamta 

765 Jabaguda 779 Semelaguda 

Nabarangpur Umerkote 

Jharigam 772 Bhatrasiuni Raighar 785 Hirapur 

766 Bakadabeda 773 Mantriguda 780 Gona 786 Karagam 

767 Belgam 774 Sindhigam 781 Jalangpara 787 Mundibeda(Mendabeda) 

768 Ekamba-B Nandahandi 782 Kacharapara 788 Semela 

775 Dhandra 783 Parichipara 

Kosagumuda 776 Maliguda 

769 Bankuli 777 Podalguda 

District Nayagarh 

Bhapur 801 Karadapada & its adj. 814 Jemadeipurpatna & its adj. Odagaon 

789 Badasahara 802 Ostia 815 Khamarisahi & its adj. 830 Darapada 

790 Kainfulia 816 Lathipada & its adj. 831 Gandhabaran 

791 Salapada Khandapada 817Nadiali & its adj 832 Gotisahi 

803 Kunjabiharipur 818 Pratapprasad & its adj. 833 Gunthasahi 

Dasapalla 804 Singhapada 819 Ratanpur 834 Komanda & Udayapur 

792 Buguda 820 Tulasipur & its adj. 835 Madangadia 

793 Banigochha Nayagarh Nuagaon 836 Saradhapur 

794 Bhogabadi 805 Anandapalli & its adj. 821 Badhulipur 837Solapata 

795 Bhogara 806 Baulasahi 822 Chahali 838 Sunamuhin 

796 Dihagaon 807 Bhatasahi 823 Durudura 

797 Dindabhuin 808 Champatipur 824 Haripur Ranapur 

798 Kauda 809 Dengaragodi 825 Hatiasila 839 Khairapalli & adj. 

799 Poibadi 810 Gambaharidihi & its adj. 826 Jagannath Prasad 840 Kotansila 

811 Ghadual & its adj. 827Jagannathpur 841 Lodhachua 

Gania 812 Haripur & its adj. 828 Mahitama 

800 Chhamundia 813 Jayapur 829 Sikrida 

District Nuapada 

Boden 843 Jhimisikhol (Jhirinikhol) Nuapada Sinapalli 

842 Dotto 844 Nimina & its adj. 845 Saipala 846 Kendumunda 

District Phulbani 

Chakapad G.Udayagiri Phiringia 860 Keredi 

847Arabaka 851 Gresingia 855 Bandhagada 

852 Ratingia & Padikia 856 Dindragaon Tikabali 

Daringibadi 857Kasinipadar 861 Koinjhar 

848 Badabanga Khajuripada 858 Kelapada 862 Malerimaha & 

Damiguda 

849 Danekabadi 853 Dutipada Phulbani 

850 Kisubadi 854 Gudari 859 Alami 


79


80 

District Puri 

Astarang Gop 876 Arakhakuda Puri Sadar 

863 Bandal 870 Tarokara 883 Basudevpur 

Nimapada 884 Biraharekrushnapur 

Brahmagiri Kakatpur 877 Khellar & its adj vill. 885 Gopalpur & its adj. 

864 Bhubanpur 871 Dhanitri 878 Rench sasan & its adj. vill. 886 Gopinathpur 

865 Gadarodhanga 879 Brahmakundi 887Markandapur & its 

adj. 

866 Jagadala & Adj. Vill Kanas Pipili 888 Ola 

867Kapileswarpur 872 Gopinathpur & Adj. Vill 880 Nua Sasan 889 Samanga & its adj. 

868 Ranapada 873 Karamala 881 Panidol 890 Uttarkana 

Krushnaprasad 891 Betal 

Delang 874 Gangadharpur Puri 892 Kamasasan 

869 Odalanga 875 Kamalasingh 882 Bedarpada 

District Rayagada 

B.Cuttack Gudari K.Singhpur Kolanara 

893 Dukkum 896 Seriguda 900 Sunakhandi & Alginiguda 905 Kolanara ( Aug) 

Padmapur 

Bissamcuttack Kashipur 906 Padmapur(Aug) 

894 Bissam Cuttack ( Aug) Gunupur 901 Kashipur ( Aug) Ramanaguda 

897Chalkhamba 902 Podapadi & Mundagaon 907Ramanguda ( Aug) 

Chandrapur 898 Jagannathpur 903 Puhundi Rayagada 

895 Chandrapur ( Aug) 899 Puttasingi 904 Sankarada 908 Kereda 

District Sambalpur 

Bamra 917Kardola Kuchinda 930 Similipal 

909 Baddumermunda 918 Sankarma 925 Ardabahal 931 Batgaon 

910 Kechhupani Jamankira 926 Bauriguda & adj. 

911 Kinabaga 919 Dumermunda & adj. Rairakhol 

920 Kenadhipa Maneswar 932 Charmal 

Dhankauda 927Gunderpur 933 Kadaligarh 

912 Baijamunda Jujumara 928 Themera 

913 Basantapur 921 Bhandarimal Rengali 

914 Bisipali & adj 922 Giripalli 934 Nuapali & adj. 

915 Gadamunda 923 Kabrapalli Nakatideul 935 Ramachandranagar 

916 Kalamati 924 Kansar 929 Sahebi 936 Rengloi 


District Sonepur 

B.M.pur Birmaharajpur 950 Chhakormal 958 Kumbharmunda 

937Adal 944 Badkhamar 951 Kalapathar 959 Pua 

938 Sangrampur 945 Tebhapadar & Amsarbhatta 952 Khaliapalli 960 Ranisarda 

Binika Dunguripali 954 Mayurudan 


953 Khari 961 Singhari 

939 Antarda 946 Bankipali 955 Narayanpur Ullunda 

940 Bhandar 947 Cherupali 962 Nimina 

941 Bisalpali 948 Digsira Tarava 963 Panchamahal 

942 Gullunda Sonepur 956 Badabhainro 

943 Mahulpali 949 Baladi 957Charvata 

District Sundergarh 

Balisankara Hemgir Lathikata 1000 Garvana 

964 Birkaldihi 976 Chiletmunda 986 Balanda 

965 Kusumura 977 Gaikonpali(Topria) 987 Bhatatola Sadar 

966 Milenjore 988 Birida 1001 Ledhimong 

967Sapdagar Koira 989 Chikatmati 

978 K.Balang 990 Suidihi Subdega 

Bargaon 1002 Deogaon 

968 Barangakachhar Kuarmunda Lefripada 1003 Jaisar 

969 Dandjamira 979 Raiboga 991 Dumabahal 1004 Tangargaon 

970 Padampur 992 Kulabira Sundergarh 

971 Rungaon Kutra 993 Sarafgarh 1005 Amasaranga 

Bisra 980 Budhakata Nuagaon 1006 Gadiajore 

972 Bhalulata(Station tola) 981 Gangajal 994 Jahartoli 1007Salangabud 

973 Bondamunda 982 Gyanpali 995 Karkatnasa 1008 Tilingapali 

Bonai 983 Jharbeda Rajagangpur 

974 Kendrikela 984 Latalaga 996 Kukuda 

997Kunmur Tangarpali 

Gurundia Lahunipara 998 Alanda 1009 Gambharidihi 

975 Sole 985 Kendudihi 999 Kutuniya 1010 Tumbapali 

81


82 

Annexure-8 

Telephone Numers 


Sl. 

No. 

Name Office Res Mobile / E-mail 

1 Sri Biswabhusan Harichandan, 

Hon’ble Minister, Rural Development 

2322178 2536962 2536652 

2 Sri Surendra Nath Tripathi, IAS, 2322698 2536740 2394661 rdsec@ori.nic.in 

Commissioner-cum-Secretary 9937255500 

4 Sri V. V. Yadav, IAS, Additional Secretary 2392261 3246379 9437352995 

5 F.A. 2322701 2392465 

6 Sri N. Mishra, A.F.A. 2322707 2421051 

7 Sri B. Mishra, Joint Secretary 2322702 2393262 

8 Sri C. R. Mohanty, Under Secretary 2322703 

Executive Engineers, Rural Water Supply And Sanitation 

Sl. Name of The Name of the Phone Number Email Id of RWSS 

No District Executive Engineer 

1 Angul Mr. Kalpatharu Sethi 9438420180 eerwss_tlr@sify.com 

2 Bhadrak Mr. P.M. Parida 9438419890 bls_watsan@sancharnet.in 

3 Bolangir Mr. Ramesh Ch 9438419930 eerwss_blg@rediffmail.com 

4 Boudh Prasanna Ku Pani 9438420031 phi_dwsm@sancharnet.in 

5 Balasore Mr. Saroj Ku.das 9438419865 bls_watsan@sancharnet.in 

6 Baragarh Mr. S.P. Mishra 9438419947 eerwss_bghl@rediffmail.com 

7 Cuttack Mr. Abhay Biswal 9438420189 eerwss_ctcl@ori.nic.in 

8 Deogarh Mr. Suresh Mahanta 9438419968 eerwsbp@ori.nic.in 

9. Dhenkanal Mr. G.C. Behera 9438420171 eerwss_tlr@sify.com 

10. Gajapati Mr. Narayan Panda 9438420010 dwsmganjam@sanchar.net.in 

11. Ganjam Mr. Simhachal Das 9438419985 dwsmgajapathi@sancharnet.in 

12. Jagatsinghpur Mr. Arun Naik 9438420204 eerwss_ictc@nic.co.in 

13. Jajpur Mr. S.N.B. Chudamani 9438419879 ewss_jajpur@rediffmail.com 

14. Jharsuguda Mr. B.P. Routray 9438419972 eerwsbp@ori.nic.in 

15. Kalahandi Mr. Rajendra Naik 9438420069 eerwss_kld@ori.nic.in 

16. Kandhmal Mr. Anantha Sethi 9438420018 phi_dwsml@sancharnet.in 

17. Kendrapara Mr. B. Senapathi 9438420101 dwsm_kdp@rediffmail.com 


Sl. Name of The Name of the Phone Number Email Id of RWSS 

No District Executive Engineer 

18 Koraput Mr. B.Nayak 9438420035 eerwss_kpt@rediffmail.com 

19 Keonjhar Mr. K.C.Khatua 9438419916 eerwss_kjr@ori.nic.in 

20 Khurda Mr. S.Harichandan 9438420111 eerwss_bbsr@sancharnet.in 

21 Malkangiri Mr. T.K.Rout 9438420061 dwsmmalkangiri@hotmail.com 

22 Mayurbhanj Mr. R.N.Nayak 9438420122 eerwss_bpd@ori.nic.in 

23 Nawarangpur Mr.S.Tudu 9438420050 eerwss_ngp@rediffmail.com 

24 Nayagarh Mr. S.B Mohapatra 9438420150 eerwss_bbsr@sancharnet.in 

25 Nuapara Mr. Asuthosh P. 9438420083 eerwss_kld@ori.nic.in 

26 Puri Mr. Bharat.Ch.Dalei 9438420159 eerwsspuri@rediffmail 

27 Rayagada Mr. Sunil.Ku.Padhi 9438420089 eerwssrgd@sancharnet.in 

28 Sambalpur Mr. N.R Das 9438419958 eerwssbp@ori.nic.in 

29 Sonepur Mr. B.B.Das 9438419978 eerwss_blg@rediffmail.com 

30 Sundergarh Mr. Janmejay Sethi 9438419898 eerwsngl@ori.nic.in 


Project Co-ordinators of District Water and Sanitation Mission 

Sl. Name of the Name of the Project Phone Number Email ID of DWSM 

No District Co-ordinator 

1 Angul Swadesh.Ku.Biswal 9437279340 dwsmangul@rediffmail. Com 

2 Bhadrak - - - 

3 Bolangir Deepanjali Deep 9437638874 eerwss_blog@rediffmail.com 

4 Boudh Ajay Kumar Bai 9437557754 phi-dwsm@sancharnet.in 

5 Balasore Tushar kanta Raj 9437169512 bls_watsan@sancharnet.in 

6 Baragarh Sasmita Mohapatra 9437401956 eerwss_bghl@rediffmail.com 

7 Cuttack Debi Prasad Naik 9861166742 eerwss_ctcl@ori.nic.in 

8 Deogarh Prasanth.Ku.Samal 9437489516 eerwsbp@ori.nic.in 

9 Dhenkanal Nihar Ranjan Sahoo 9437359256 nihar40@hotmail.com 

10 Gajapati Girish Chandra Nayak 9437660213 dwsmganjam@sancharnet.in 

11 Ganjam - - - 

12 Jagatsinghpur Ajay ku. Nayak 9937482564 dwsm_jagatsinghpur@yahoo.com 

13 Jajpur Sudhansu Ku Das 9437209110 rwss_jajpur@rediffmail.com 

14 Jharsuguda - - - 

15 Kalhandi Tapan Kumar Behera 9437122486 eerwss kld@ori.nic.in 

16 Kandhamal Seema Smaraki Ray 9437358115 phi_dwsm@sancharnet.in 

17. Kendrapara Anil Kumar Lenka 9861434536 dwsm_kdp@rediffmail.com 

18. Koraput Sankuli Biswal 9437337918 dwsmkrp@sancharnet.in 

19. Keonjhar Rabindra Hansda 9437435824 eerwss_kjr@ori.nic.in 

83


Sl. Name of the Name of the Project Phone Number Email ID of DWSM 

No District Co-ordinator 

20 Khurda Abani Kumar Baral 9437268557 dwsmkhurda@yahoo.co.in 

21 Malkangiri Minaram Patnaik 9437351035 dwsmmalkangiri@hotmail.com 

22 Mayurbhanj Tuhina Roy 9437296168 eerwss_bpd@ori.nic.com 

23 Nawarangpur Nilam Mansi Bhatara 9337730608 erwss_ngp@sancharnet.in 

24 Nayagarh Ranjan Swain 9937432125 dwsc_ngr@yahoo.co.in 

25 Nuapara - - - 

26 Puri Kalindi Behera 9937781537 eerwss_puri@rediffmail.com 

27 Rayagada - - - 

28 Sambalpur Prasanth Ku.Guru 9437083847 eerw@ori.nic.in 

29 Sonepur Saibalini Patnaik 9437282493 dwsm_snpr@ori.nic.in 

30 Sundergarh Anil Ku. Patel 9437083427 eerwsngl@ori.nic.in 

84 

The obvious issue 

is providing clean drinking water 

and sanitation to every single human being on earth 

at the cost of little more than 

one year of the Kyoto treaty. 

- Bjorn Lomborg

SANJOG - International Year of Sanitation, 2008

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